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16-519: The village borders Poland's Ujście Warty National Park stretching to the north. Słońsk had town privileges from 1808 to 1947, consequence of a small population size. During the Second World War , Słońsk (Sonnenburg) was the site of a Nazi concentration camp , now a museum. Present-day Słońsk was founded within the historic Lubusz Land , which formed part of the Kingdom of Poland since

32-736: Is Warta Słońsk. It competes in the lower leagues. Uj%C5%9Bcie Warty National Park The Warta Mouth National Park ( Polish : Park Narodowy Ujście Warty ) is the youngest of Poland 's 23 national parks . It was created on 19 June 2001 in the region of the lowest stretch of the Warta river, up to its confluence with the Odra (Oder) , which marks the Polish– German border. The park covers an area of 80.38 square kilometres (31.03 sq mi) within Lubusz Voivodeship . The park

48-531: Is mainly untouched and as such is an interesting object of studies for biologists from Poland and other European countries. This is because most major river valleys in Europe have been changed by humans. The area of the park is one of the most important regions of birds’ lairs in Poland. There are 245 species of birds here and lairs of 160, including 7–8 species of ducks. Twenty-six species are endangered (according to

64-757: The Margrave of Brandenburg and the Bishop of Lebus were joint overlords of Sonnenburg. Henning and Arnold von Uechtenhagen later received Sonnenberg as a fief and built the first castle there in 1341. From 1373 to 1415 it was part of the Bohemian (Czech) Crown . From the 15th century, the town maintained a close connection with the Order of Saint John (the Knights Hospitaller) , who had purchased it from Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg . The castle became

80-742: The Swiss , Estonians , Russians and Spaniards were held in the camp. Before withdrawal, during the night of 30–31 January 1945, the SS executed 819 political prisoners from many European countries at Sonnenburg. Sonnenburg (Słońsk) was captured by the Soviet Red Army in the spring of 1945 as the Second World War in Europe drew to a close. During the Potsdam Conference held from 17 July to 2 August 1945 Sonnenburg along with

96-475: The BirdLife International list); among them are Acrocephalus paludicola , Crex crex , Limosa limosa , Grus grus , Botaurus stellaris , Ixobrychus minutus , and Chlidonias niger . Moreover, in the park there are 34 species of mammals, including otters ( Lutra lutra ) and beavers ( Castor fibre ). The main threat to the park's ecosystem is the return of bigger plants to

112-433: The delicate systems of meadows and pastures. Their regrowth endangers lairs of birds, so the park's authorities have taken necessary steps to fight this phenomenon. Since 31 May 1996 there has been Centre of Natural Education at Chyrzno, which since fall of that year has been organizing courses for pupils and students. Among activities undertaken by the centre are trips to the park, ornithology camps, and ecology workshops. In

128-475: The establishment of the state in the 10th century until the mid-13th century, when it was acquired by the German Margraviate of Brandenburg . Most Slavic Polish inhabitants of the region were gradually Germanicized in the centuries that followed. Then known as Sonnenburg , the settlement first appears in documents in 1295. The Knights Templar held lands and buildings in the town. From 1312,

144-454: The fall, but it is the highest in the spring (March–April). The Northern part is rich in various canals and it is separated from the Warta by a levee. Plant life is highly heterogeneous in biological sense. It is to large extent natural, although hundreds of years of human activity have influenced it, especially in the forested areas. On the other hand, nature in swampy areas closer to the Warta,

160-563: The park there are some walking and cycling trails and two nature walks Ptasim szlakiem (“Along birds’ trail”), which cross through the most valuable parts of the Słońsk reserve. The park's Board owns a small lodge with five overnight rooms for 15 persons and a guest-house for about 30 visitors. Kresy Wschodnie Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include

176-705: The prison into the Sonnenburg concentration camp , in which such anti- Nazi activists as Carl von Ossietzky and Hans Litten were held. During World War II , Polish defenders of the Poznań citadel were held in the prison after capture during the invasion of Poland in 1939, and in 1944 some of the former fighters in the Warsaw Uprising were incarcerated there. During the war also Frenchmen , Luxembourgers , Dutchmen , Danes , Norwegians , Belgians , Czechs , Yugoslavs , Slovaks , Bulgarians , Austrians ,

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192-637: The rest of the recovered territories was awarded to postwar Poland , and renamed legally as Słońsk. Most of the German inhabitants fled ahead of the front or were expelled soon thereafter, as occurred throughout the former eastern territories of Nazi Germany. The town was repopulated with the Poles expelled by the Soviet Union from the formerly Polish territories of Kresy Wschodnie , and by settlers from central Poland. In 1947 Słońsk lost its town rights and

208-659: The seat of the Bailiwick of Brandenburg of the Order, which greatly enlarged the town, building a new church (between 1474 and 1522), a new castle (between 1545 and 1564), and a model hospital (in the 19th century). From the 18th century the town formed part of Prussia , and from 1871 to 1945 it also formed part of Germany. A severe prison was built in the town in 1832. It held such Polish fighters for independence as Karol Libelt and Bronisław Dąbrowski (the son of General Jan Henryk Dąbrowski ). In 1933, German authorities converted

224-470: The village of Chyrzyno , near Kostrzyn nad Odrą . The park's main river is the Warta , which divides it into two parts – Southern (including the former Słońsk reserve) and Northern – the so-called Northern Polder. In the South, yearly changes in the level of the water reach up to four meters, and the park here serves as a gigantic, seasonal lake for excessive water. The water level here raises usually late in

240-545: Was created on the area of the former Słońsk Nature Reserve, which had existed since 1977, and parts of the Ujście Warty Landscape Park . The ground here is swampy and muddy, which makes it a haven for birds. This was why the former Słońsk preserve, which now forms part of the park, was in 1984 covered by the Ramsar Convention , whose purpose is to protect such areas. The park has its headquarters in

256-469: Was given the status of a village due to small population size. A museum dedicated to the victims of the Nazi German concentration camp was founded in 1974. In 2015, an official commemoration ceremony of the victims of the camp, among which were 91 Luxembourgers, was attended by the highest representatives of Luxembourg , Grand Duke Henri and Prime Minister Xavier Bettel . The local football club

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