22-682: Tāmaki Māori are Māori iwi and hapū (tribes and sub-tribes) who have a strong connection to Tāmaki Makaurau (the Auckland Region ), and whose rohe was traditionally within the region. Among Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau (the Māori tribes of Auckland), also known as the Tāmaki Collective , there are thirteen iwi and hapū, organised into three rōpū (collectives), however Tāmaki Māori can also refer to subtribes and historical iwi not included in this list. Ngāti Whātua descend from
44-573: A Treaty of Waitangi claim. This group of radio stations formed various networks, becoming Te Whakaruruhau o Nga Reo Irirangi Māori . Te Uri-o-Hau Te Uri-o-Hau (sometimes spelt Te Uri O Hau or Te Uriohau ) is a Māori iwi (tribe) based around New Zealand's Kaipara Harbour . It is both an independent iwi and a hapū (sub-tribe) of the larger Ngāti Whātua iwi, alongside Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei , Te Roroa and Te Taoū . Its rohe (tribal area) includes Dargaville , Maungaturoto , Mangawhai , Kaiwaka and Wellsford . According to
66-465: A general geographic region, or merely gave a waka name. Initiatives like the Iwi Helpline are trying to make it easier for people to identify their iwi , and the proportion who "don't know" dropped relative to previous censuses. Some established pan-tribal organisations may exert influence across iwi divisions. The Rātana Church, for example, operates across iwi divisions, and
88-414: A generally recognised territory ( rohe ), but many of these overlap, sometimes completely. This has added a layer of complication to the long-running discussions and court cases about how to resolve historical Treaty claims. The length of coastline emerged as one factor in the final (2004) legislation to allocate fishing-rights in settlement of claims relating to commercial fisheries. Iwi can become
110-748: A group), Ngāti Poneke (Māori who have migrated to the Wellington region), and Ngāti Rānana (Māori living in London). Ngāti Tūmatauenga ("Tribe of Tūmatauenga ", the god of war) is the official Māori-language name of the New Zealand Army , and Ngā Opango ("Black Tribe") is a Māori-language name for the All Blacks . In the southern dialect of Māori, Ngāti and Ngāi become Kāti and Kāi , terms found in such iwi as Kāti Māmoe and Kāi Tahu (also known as Ngai Tahu). Each iwi has
132-449: A particular hapu may have belonged to different iwi at different times, the tension caused by the social and economic power moving from the iwi down rather than from the hapu up, and the fact that many iwi do not recognise spouses and adoptees who do not have kinship links. In the 2006 census, 16 per cent of the 643,977 people who claimed Māori ancestry did not know their iwi . Another 11 per cent did not state their iwi , or stated only
154-438: A prospective vehicle for ideas and ideals of self-determination and/or tino rangatiratanga . Thus does Te Pāti Māori mention in the preamble of its constitution "the dreams and aspirations of tangata whenua to achieve self-determination for whānau , hapū and iwi within their own land". Some Tūhoe envisage self-determination in specifically iwi -oriented terms. Increasing urbanisation of Māori has led to
176-480: A situation where a significant percentage do not identify with any particular iwi . The following extract from a 2000 High Court of New Zealand judgment discussing the process of settling fishing rights illustrates some of the issues: ... 81 per cent of Maori now live in urban areas, at least one-third live outside their tribal influence, more than one-quarter do not know their iwi or for some reason do not choose to affiliate with it, at least 70 per cent live outside
198-824: The Māhuhu-ki-te-rangi waka, which landed north of the Kaipara Harbour . The rōpū includes Ngāti Whātua o Kaipara , Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei and Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Whātua. Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Whātua is a Māori Trust Board formed in the mid 2000s to represent the interests of Ngāti Whātua iwi and hapū collectively, including those outside of Ngāti Whātua o Kaipara and Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei. The rūnanga represents Ngā Oho , Ngāi Tāhuhu, Ngāti Hinga, Ngāti Mauku, Ngāti Rango, Ngāti Rongo, Ngāti Ruinga, Ngāti Torehina, Ngāti Weka, Ngāti Whiti, Patuharakeke, Te Parawhau, Te Popoto, Te Roroa , Te Urioroi, Te Taoū , Te Uri Ngutu, Te Kuihi and Te Uri-o-Hau . Te Waiohua tribes descend from
220-661: The Tainui waka, and are based around the Hauraki Gulf . The five iwi descend from the five sons of the ancestor Marutūahu. Members of this rōpū are Ngāti Maru , Ngāti Pāoa , Ngāti Tamaterā , Ngāti Whanaunga and Te Patukirikiri . In addition to the members of the Tāmaki Collective, a number of iwi have a presence within Tāmaki Makaurau: Iwi Iwi ( Māori pronunciation: [ˈiwi] ) are
242-467: The Te Wakatūwhenua and Moekākara waka. The name refers to the ancestor Huakaiwaka, who in the 1600s joined Ngā Oho , Ngā Riki and Ngā Iwi to form a confederation that spanned the region for three generations, until the mid-1700s. Members of this rōpū include Te Ākitai Waiohua , Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki , Te Kawerau ā Maki , Ngāti Tamaoho and Ngāti Te Ata . The Marutūāhu collective descends from
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#1732790079308264-417: The 2018 New Zealand census , about 1,314 people affiliate with the iwi. This compares to 732 in 2001 , 1,074 in 2006 , and 1,260 in 2013 . Former iwi leader Russell Kemp died in 2018 at the age of 71. Te Uri-o-Hau is further divided into the following hapū (sub-tribes): The iwi has the following marae (meeting places) and wharenui (meeting houses): Te Uri o Hau Settlement Trust represents
286-728: The Māori King Movement , though principally congregated around Waikato / Tainui , aims to transcend some iwi functions in a wider grouping. Many iwi operate or are affiliated with media organisations. Most of these belong to Te Whakaruruhau o Nga Reo Irirangi Māori (the National Māori Radio Network), a group of radio stations which receive contestable Government funding from Te Māngai Pāho (the Māori Broadcast Funding Agency) to operate on behalf of iwi and hapū . Under their funding agreement,
308-496: The original migration voyages ). These super-groupings are generally symbolic rather than logistical. In pre-European times, most Māori were allied to relatively small groups in the form of hapū ( ' sub-tribes ' ) and whānau ( ' family ' ). Each iwi contains a number of hapū ; among the hapū of the Ngāti Whātua iwi, for example, are Te Uri-o-Hau , Te Roroa , Te Taoū , and Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei . Māori use
330-565: The bones" — literally to the burial-areas of the ancestors . Māori author Keri Hulme 's novel The Bone People (1985) has a title linked directly to the dual meaning of bone and "tribal people". Many iwi names begin with Ngāti or with Ngāi (from ngā āti and ngā ai respectively, both meaning roughly ' the offspring of ' ). Ngāti has become a productive morpheme in New Zealand English to refer to groups of people: examples are Ngāti Pākehā ( Pākehā as
352-506: The growing New Zealand Māori population tried to keep a connection to their culture, family history, spirituality, community, language and iwi . The Victoria University of Wellington Te Reo Māori Society campaigned for Māori radio, helping to set up Te Reo o Poneke, the first Māori-owned radio operation, using airtime on Wellington student-radio station Radio Active in 1983. Twenty-one iwi radio stations were set up between 1989 and 1994, receiving Government funding in accordance with
374-612: The iwi following its Treaty of Waitangi settlement with the New Zealand Government under Te Uri o Hau Claims Settlement Act 2002. It also represents the iwi as an "iwi authority" during the resource consent process under the Resource Management Act 1991. It is a Tūhono organisation and a trust, and its governance board includes two represents from each of the four Ngā Mātua marae: Otamatea, Waikaretu, Oruawharo and Arapaoa. The iwi has interests in
396-719: The largest social units in New Zealand Māori society . In Māori , iwi roughly means ' people ' or ' nation ' , and is often translated as " tribe ", or "a confederation of tribes". The word is both singular and plural in the Māori language, and is typically pluralised as such in English. Iwi groups trace their ancestry to the original Polynesian migrants who, according to tradition, arrived from Hawaiki . Some iwi cluster into larger groupings that are based on whakapapa (genealogical tradition) and known as waka (literally ' canoes ' , with reference to
418-483: The stations must produce programmes in the local Māori language and actively promote local Māori culture. A two-year Massey University survey of 30,000 people published in 2003 indicated 50 per cent of Māori in National Māori Radio Network broadcast areas listened to an iwi station. An Auckland University of Technology study in 2009 suggested the audience of iwi radio stations would increase as
440-408: The traditional tribal territory and these will have difficulties, which in many cases will be severe, in both relating to their tribal heritage and in accessing benefits from the settlement. It is also said that many Maori reject tribal affiliation because of a working-class unemployed attitude, defiance and frustration. Related but less important factors, are that a hapu may belong to more than one iwi,
462-591: The tribe has collective assets under management of $ 1.85 billion. Iwi affairs can have a real impact on New Zealand politics and society. A 2004 attempt by some iwi to test in court their ownership of the seabed and foreshore areas polarised public opinion (see New Zealand foreshore and seabed controversy ). In Māori and in many other Polynesian languages , iwi literally means ' bone ' derived from Proto-Oceanic * suRi ₁ meaning ' thorn, splinter, fish bone ' . Māori may refer to returning home after travelling or living elsewhere as "going back to
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#1732790079308484-546: The word rohe to describe the territory or boundaries of iwi. In modern-day New Zealand , iwi can exercise significant political power in the management of land and of other assets. For example, the 1997 Treaty of Waitangi settlement between the New Zealand Government and Ngāi Tahu , compensated that iwi for various losses of the rights guaranteed under the Treaty of Waitangi of 1840. As of 2019
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