34-591: Kaikaluru is a town in Eluru district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . Kaikalur is home to Kolleru Lake , one of the largest freshwater lakes in India, covering about 90,100 hectares and is a tourist attraction. Kaikalur is located at 16°34′00″N 81°12′00″E / 16.5667°N 81.2000°E / 16.5667; 81.2000 . It has an average elevation of 18 m (59 ft). Sri Syamalamba temple
68-500: A 10 km (6.2 mi) long outer wall with 87 semicircular bastions (some still mounted with cannons ), eight gateways, and four drawbridges , with a number of royal apartments and halls, temples, mosques, magazines, stables, etc. inside. The lowest of these is the outermost enclosure entered by the "Fateh Darwaza" (Victory gate, so called after Aurangzeb ’s triumphant army marched in through this gate) studded with giant iron spikes (to prevent elephants from battering them down) near
102-461: A period of 62 years, the mud fort was expanded by the first three Qutb Shahi sultans into the present structure: a massive fortification of granite extending around 5 km (3.1 mi) in circumference . It remained the capital of the Qutb Shahi dynasty until 1590 when the capital was shifted to Hyderabad . The Qutb Shahis expanded the fort, whose 7 km (4.3 mi) outer wall enclosed
136-659: A population of 1,937,695, of which 309,424 (15.97%) live in urban areas. Eluru district has a sex ratio of 1002 females per 1000 males and a literacy rate of 65.39 %. Scheduled Castes are 21,73,227 and Scheduled Tribes made up to 3,01,881 population respectively. At the time of the 2011 census, 93.81% of the population spoke Telugu , 2.68% Koya and 2.60% Urdu as their first language. Languages of Eluru district (2011) There are one parliamentary and seven assembly constituencies in Eluru district. The parliamentary constituencies are The assembly constituencies are The district
170-593: A stone hilltop outpost — later known as Golconda fort — to defend their western region. The fort was later developed into a fortified citadel in 1518 by Sultan Quli of the Qutb Shahi Empire and the city was declared the capital of the Golconda Sultanate . The Bahmani kings took possession of the fort after it was made over to them by means of a sanad by the Rajah of Warangal . Under
204-517: A vault where the famous Koh-i-Noor and Hope diamonds were once stored along with other diamonds. Golconda is renowned for the diamonds found on the south-east at Kollur Mine near Kollur, Guntur district , Paritala and Atkur in Krishna district and cut in the city during the Kakatiya reign . At that time , India had the only known diamond mines in the world. Golconda was the market city of
238-506: Is a district in coastal Andhra Region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . With Eluru as its administrative headquarters, it was proposed on 26 January 2022 to become one of the resultant twenty six districts in the state once a final notification is issued by the government of Andhra Pradesh . It is formed from Eluru revenue division and Jangareddygudem revenue division from West Godavari district and Nuzvid revenue division from Krishna district . Eluru District history
272-536: Is about 900 to 1,000 years old, dating back to early Kakatiya period . A Mahankali temple is located in the vicinity, within Golconda fort. The fort also contains the tombs of the Qutub Shahi kings . These tombs have Islamic architecture and are located about 1 km (0.62 mi) north of the outer wall of Golconda. They are encircled by gardens and numerous carved stones. The two individual pavilions on
306-542: Is an extension of Golconda fort which was turned into the Hyderabad Golf Club despite resistance from farmers who owned the land and various NGOs within the city. The ramparts of the new fort start after the residential area with many towers and the Hatiyan ka Jhad ("Elephant-sized tree")—an ancient baobab tree with an enormous girth. It also includes a war mosque. These sites are under restrictive access to
340-542: Is categorized as a Non-Suburban Grade-5 (NSG-5) station in the Vijayawada railway division . NH165 from Pamarru to Palakollu passes through Kaikaluru, and is a Spur road of NH65 at Pamarru ending at Palakollu . APSRTC operates bus services from Kaikaluru to Eluru , Machilipatnam , Vijayawada , Bhimavaram , Narasapuram , Palakollu , Razolu , Kakinada , Srikakulam , Palasa , Visakhapatnam , Gudivada , Mudinepalli and Hyderabad . Kolleru Lake
374-401: Is divided into 3 revenue divisions: Eluru , Jangareddygudem , and Nuzividu , which are further subdivided into a total of 27 mandals, each headed by a sub-collector. The list of 27 mandals in Eluru district, divided into 3 revenue divisions, is given below. wards Formation Year Population There are many landmarks and tourism destinations in the district. Eluru is the largest city of
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#1732791012884408-467: Is often the best time for tourist visits, as fields are brilliantly green with paddy crops, rivers flowing with monsoon water, and a relatively cool climate. The region has long been home to the Indian nobles due to its climate and fertile soil, and several zamindar large mansions are scattered around the Godavari area. At the time of the 2011 census , the mandals which would become Eluru district had
442-424: Is one of the famous temples there. As of 2011, the town had a population of 21,292, comprising 10,692 males, 10,600 females and 2,097 children aged 0–6. The average literacy rate was 78.46%, comprising 15,060 people, significantly higher than the national average of 73.00%. Kaikaluru railway station is the main railway station, located on the Vijayawada - Nidadavolu branch railway line. Kaikaluru railway station
476-560: Is shared common history with West Godavari district , The Eastern Chalukyas ruled coastal Andhra from 700 to 1200, with Vengi, near Pedavegi village, as their capital. Historical pieces of evidence are found at the villages, Pedavegi and Guntupalli (Jilakarragudem). Eluru then became a part of the Kalinga Empire until 1471. Later it fell into the hands of the Gajapati Empire. In 1515, Krishnadevaraya captured it. After
510-534: Is the largest freshwater lake in India, situated between the Krishna and Godavari delta. The lake is fed directly by water from the seasonal Budameru and Tammileru streams. The lake is an important habitat for an estimated 20 million resident and migratory birds such as the grey or spot-billed pelican . It was designated as a wetland of international importance in November 2002 under the international Ramsar Convention . Eluru district Eluru district
544-593: The Bahmani Sultanate , Golconda slowly rose to prominence. Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk (r. 1487–1543), sent by the Bahmanids as a governor at Golconda, established the city as the seat of his governance around 1501. Bahmani rule gradually weakened during this period, and Sultan Quli (Quli Qutub Shah period) formally became independent in 1518, establishing the Qutb Shahi dynasty based in Golconda. Over
578-613: The British , the Buckingham Canal is now part of India's Inland Waterway project, designed to facilitate civilian and goods transportation, potentially reducing transportation costs and improving connectivity through waterways. The region has a tropical climate similar to the rest of the Coastal Andhra region. The summers (March–June) are hot and dry while the winters are fairly cold. The rainy season (July–December)
612-541: The Gemological Institute of America (GIA), have come from the mines in and around the Golconda region. Many famed diamonds are believed to have been excavated from the mines of Golconda, such as: By the 1880s, "Golconda" was being used generically by English speakers to refer to any particularly rich mine, and later to any source of great wealth. During the Renaissance and the early modern eras,
646-648: The Qutb Shahi dynasty at Golconda fort (also known as the Diamond Capitol of its time) and was home to the Kollur Mine. The ruler of Golconda was the well entrenched Abul Hasan Qutb Shah . Golconda fort is listed as an archaeological treasure on the official "List of Monuments" prepared by the Archaeological Survey of India under The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act. Golconda consists of four distinct forts with
680-403: The city and made it the capital of the Golconda Sultanate . Because of the vicinity of diamond mines, especially Kollur Mine , Golconda flourished as a trade centre of large diamonds known as Golconda Diamonds . Golconda fort is currently abandoned and in ruins. The complex was put by UNESCO on its "tentative list" to become a World Heritage Site in 2014, with other forts in the region, under
714-416: The city. During the early seventeenth century a strong cotton-weaving industry existed in Golconda. Large quantities of cotton were produced for domestic and exports consumption. High quality plain or patterned cloth made of muslin and calico was produced. Plain cloth was available as white or brown colour, in bleached or dyed variety. Exports of this cloth was to Persia and European countries. Patterned cloth
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#1732791012884748-431: The diamond trade, and gems sold there came from a number of mines. The fortress-city within the walls was famous for diamond trade. Its name has taken a generic meaning and has come to be associated with great wealth. Some gemologists use this classification to denote the extremely rare Type IIa diamond, a crystal that essentially lacks nitrogen impurities and is therefore colorless; Many Type IIa diamonds, as identified by
782-465: The district with many destinations related to Buddhists and Archeological importance such as Guntupalli Caves near the city. Eluru city hosts a 74-foot high Buddha statue in the heart of the city. Some of the religious destinations include, Dwaraka Tirumala known with the name as Chinna Tirumala . Golconda Fort Golconda is a fortified citadel and ruined city located on the western outskirts of Hyderabad , Telangana , India. The fort
816-630: The district, serving as a crucial water source. Recently, the Government of India initiated the Polavaram Project , a water reservoir with the potential to store up to 194.6 TMC of water. This project aims to provide a significant water source for other parts of Andhra Pradesh, with the capacity to divert water to drought-prone areas such as Rayalaseema and other districts through the Buckingham Canal . Originally constructed by
850-412: The door has peacocks with ornate tails flanking an ornamental arched niche. The granite block lintel below has sculpted yalis flanking a disc. The design of peacocks and lions is typical of Hindu architecture and underlies this fort's Hindu origins. Jagadamba temple, located next to Ibrahim mosque and the king's palace, is visited by lakhs of devotees during Bonalu festival every year. Jagadamba temple
884-594: The fall of the Vijayanagara Empire , it was taken by the Sultan of Golconda Fort , Kutub Shah. On 2 April 2022, Eluru District was formed with Eluru as its headquarters and all the district offices and regional offices were set up in Eluru city, Before that it was a Headquarter for West Godavari district . The district occupies an area of 6,679 km (2,578.776 sq mi). The district is bounded by Khammam district & Alluri Sitharama Raju district on
918-643: The name Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanate (despite there being a number of different sultanates). The origins of the Golconda fort can be traced back to the 11th century. It was originally a small mud fort built by Pratāparudra of the Kakatiya Empire . The name Golconda is thought to originate from the Telugu గొల్ల కొండ Golla koṇḍa for "Shepherd's hill". It is also thought that Kakatiya ruler Ganapatideva 1199–1262 built
952-733: The name "Golconda" acquired a legendary aura and became synonymous for vast wealth. The mines brought riches to the Qutb Shahis of Hyderabad State , who ruled Golconda up to 1687, then to the Nizam of Hyderabad , who ruled after the independence from the Mughal Empire in 1724 until 1948, when the Indian integration of Hyderabad occurred. The siege of Golconda occurred in January 1687, when Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb led his forces to besiege
986-428: The north, West Godavari district & Konnasemma District on the south. The Godavari River separates East Godavari district on east and Tammileru River and Kolleru Lake separates it from Krishna district and NTR district on the west. The district is primarily served by the major river Godavari and three tributaries: Yerrakaluva , Tammileru , and Ramileru . Additionally, a freshwater lake flows through
1020-471: The outer side of Golconda are built on a point which is quite rocky. The "Kala Mandir" is also located in the fort. It can be seen from the king's durbar (king's court) which was on top of the Golconda fort. The other buildings found inside the fort are: Habshi Kamans (Abyssian arches), Ashlah Khana, Taramati mosque, Ramadas Bandikhana, Camel stable, private chambers (kilwat), Mortuary bath, Nagina bagh, Ramasasa's kotha, Durbar hall, Ambar khana etc. Naya Qila
1054-532: The public because of the Golf Course. The tombs of the Qutub Shahi sultans lie about one kilometre north of Golconda's outer wall. These structures are made of beautifully carved stonework, and surrounded by landscaped gardens. They are open to the public and receive many visitors. It is one of the famous sight-seeing places in Hyderabad. Golconda Artillery Centre, Hyderabad, was raised on 15 August 1962 as
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1088-511: The south-eastern corner. An acoustic effect can be experienced at Fateh Darwazaan, a hand clap at a certain point below the dome at the entrance reverberates and can be heard clearly at the 'Bala Hisar' pavilion , the highest point almost a kilometer away. This worked as a warning in case of an attack. Bala Hissar Gate is the main entrance to the fort located on the eastern side. It has a pointed arch bordered by rows of scroll work. The spandrels have yalis and decorated roundels. The area above
1122-533: Was made of prints which were made indigenously with indigo for blue, chay-root for red coloured prints and vegetable yellow. Patterned cloth exports were mainly to Java, Sumatra and other eastern countries. The fort finally fell into ruin in 1687 after an eight-month-long siege led to its fall at the hands of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb , who ended the Qutb Shahi reign and took the last Golconda king, Abul Hassan Tana Shah , captive. The Golconda fort used to have
1156-686: Was originally built by Kakatiya ruler Pratāparudra in the 11th century out of mud walls. It was ceded to the Bahmani Kings from Musunuri Nayakas during the reign of the Bahmani Sultan Mohammed Shah I , during the first Bahmani-Vijayanagar War . Following the death of Sultan Mahmood Shah, the Sultanate disintegrated and Sultan Quli, who had been appointed as the Governor of Hyderabad by the Bahmani Kings, fortified
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