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40-417: CNL can refer to: Allensworth State Park station , California, United States, special-arrangement Amtrak station with code CNL Cannon Lake , a microprocessor from Intel Centre national du livre , French Government agency CNL Financial Group , previously Commercial Net Lease The National Literature Centre (French: Centre national de littérature ),

80-401: A tandem motorcycle driven by D.S. White (with William E. Wray listed as passenger). Allensworth had just stepped off of a train and was en route to speak at a church. The California Eagle newspaper wrote that Allensworth was walking on Myrtle Avenue, "a sixty-foot boulevard," when "he was overtaken and struck down by a motorcycle ridden by two young caucasians. The bruised and bleeding form

120-425: A 2.5-mile (4.0 km) dairy-free zone around the park. The bill was in response to two proposed dairies . Environmental activists protested that the operations were likely to have a potentially negative impact (dairy flies and odors) on the adjacent Pixley National Wildlife Refuge, Allensworth Ecological Reserve, and the historic park. The Allensworth station or Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park station

160-666: A friendship with Booker T. Washington and was inspired by the Tuskegee Institute and development in its neighboring town. Allensworth hoped to develop the "Tuskegee of the West". Uncontrollable circumstances, including a drop in the area's water table , resulted in the town's demise. Allensworth is now an unincorporated area in Tulare County . The park has a train station on the San Joaquins line, that

200-581: A given vicinity. The groundwater may be from precipitation or from groundwater flowing into the aquifer. In areas with sufficient precipitation, water infiltrates through pore spaces in the soil, passing through the unsaturated zone. At increasing depths, water fills in more of the pore spaces in the soils, until a zone of saturation is reached. Below the water table, in the phreatic zone (zone of saturation), layers of permeable rock that yield groundwater are called aquifers . In less permeable soils, such as tight bedrock formations and historic lakebed deposits,

240-497: A machine shop. Sources such as the Oakland Sunshine , a leading black Oakland, California newspaper, in 1913 claimed that Allensworth generated nearly $ 5,000 monthly in its business ventures. In 1910 Joshua and Henrietta Singleton opened Singleton's General Store & Post Office. The store sold a variety of merchandise and served as a weigh station for wagons. The Allensworth Hotel was opened by Clara and John Morris;

280-505: A new town near the present location of Earlimart, California, and about 45 miles (72 km) north of Bakersfield . The site was chosen for fertile soil, adequate water, and its location along a railroad corridor. Black men and women — craftsmen, artisans, businessmen, farmers, ranchers, retired military — moved their families to the newly purchased land. In 1914, the California Eagle newspaper stated that Allensworth deeded land

320-441: A permanent change in the water table in such regions. Most crops need a water table at a minimum depth. For some important food and fiber crops a classification was made because at shallower depths the crop suffers a yield decline. A water table close to the surface affects excavation, drainage, foundations, wells and leach fields (in areas without municipal water and sanitation), and more. When excavation occurs near enough to

360-662: A species active in daylight hours, are sometimes present in the park. Just north of Allensworth is the 6,389-acre (2,586 ha) Pixley National Wildlife Refuge , operated by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service . Adjacent to the town is the Allensworth Ecological Reserve. The endangered San Joaquin kit fox ( Vulpes macrotis mutica ) can be found in this area. In 2007 the State of California passed Assembly Bill 576, which established

400-485: Is a state park unit of California , United States, preserving Allensworth , the only California town to be founded, financed and governed by African Americans . The small farming community was founded in 1908 by Lt. Colonel Allen Allensworth , Professor William Payne, William Peck, a minister; John W. Palmer, a miner; and Harry A. Mitchell, a real estate agent, dedicated to improving the economic and social status of African Americans. Colonel Allensworth (1842–1914) had

440-481: Is an aquifer that occurs above the regional water table. This occurs when there is an impermeable layer of rock or sediment ( aquiclude ) or relatively impermeable layer ( aquitard ) above the main water table/aquifer but below the land surface. If a perched aquifer's flow intersects the surface, at a valley wall, for example, the water is discharged as a spring . On low-lying oceanic islands with porous soil, freshwater tends to collect in lenticular pools on top of

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480-623: Is located east of the state historic park, just outside the entrance to the park near the Central Valley Highway (SR-43). The station has a platform only with no shelter. The station is served by Amtrak's San Joaquin service between Bakersfield and either Oakland or Sacramento . It opened some time in or before 2001. The station is a conditional stop , with the train only stopping for groups of 20 or more that make reservations several weeks in advance. Since special arrangements must be made prior to booking trips to and from

520-443: Is referred to as the potentiometric surface , not the water table. The water table may vary due to seasonal changes such as precipitation and evapotranspiration . In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation, the water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer. Springs , rivers , lakes and oases occur when

560-468: Is used during special events at the park, or when large tour groups book a stop. In 1908, United States Army veteran Lt. Colonel Allen Allensworth and Professor William Payne, Rev. William Peck and John W. Palmer, and Harry A. Mitchell sought to build a town where African Americans could own property, learn, and live the American Dream . They chose an 800-acre (320 ha) Tulare County site for

600-637: The Central Valley ; it is hot in the summer, mild in the winter. In the Central Valley precipitation falls mainly from October through April. Winter temperatures well below freezing producing frost; however, snow is very rare. Summer temperatures above 100 °F (38 °C) are part of the normal pattern. The valley was historically the site of vernal pools and seasonal lakes before 20th-century diversions of water and agriculture. A natural gas well field exists west of town. Burrowing owls ,

640-511: The Chalk River Laboratories CONCACAF Nations League , an international association football competition involving the men's national teams of CONCACAF's member associations Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CNL . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

680-645: The California Conservation Corps. The park is 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Earlimart on County Road J22, just west of the Central Valley Highway [SR-43] . The terrain is typical of the southern San Joaquin Valley. Excepting the railroad roadbed, there is less than 5 feet (1.5 m) elevation difference across town. Like most of the valley, there has been some subsidence probably related to historic overpumping of ground water for irrigation. A generally warm, dry climate prevails in

720-410: The area and increasing problems with alkali salts helped to doom the community. As the original settlers moved away, the land values declined, some of the houses were left empty, and others were rented or sold. By the 1950s Allensworth was an impoverished area without drinkable water supplies; its only water wells were contaminated with arsenic , and state health officials declared them unusable. When

760-500: The area in his retirement "to become a preservation activist on the scene." The 100th anniversary of Allensworth was celebrated in October 2008. Events are held throughout the year to commemorate the park's history. The preserved townsite features nine restored buildings, including a schoolhouse, a hotel, a general store, and library and several homes. The park has a visitor center, and tours are available by making arrangements with

800-429: The boxcars are today considered rare specimens of early railroad freight cars. For the project, one car was fully documented and received a museum-level conservation. Water table The water table is the surface where the water pressure head is equal to the atmospheric pressure (where gauge pressure = 0). It may be visualized as the "surface" of the subsurface materials that are saturated with groundwater in

840-399: The denser seawater intruding from the sides of the islands. Such an island's freshwater lens, and thus the water table, rises and falls with the tides. In some regions, for example, Great Britain or California , winter precipitation is often higher than summer precipitation and so the groundwater storage is not fully recharged in summer. Consequently, the water table is lower during

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880-482: The direction of groundwater flow typically has both a horizontal and a vertical component. The slope of the water table is known as the “hydraulic gradient”, which depends on the rate at which water is added to and removed from the aquifer and the permeability of the material. The water table does not always mimic the topography due to variations in the underlying geological structure (e.g., folded, faulted, fractured bedrock). A perched water table (or perched aquifer)

920-589: The help of a professor at California State University, Sacramento , he wrote a proposal to restore the Allensworth settlement as a state historical site. In 1972 "Allensworth Historic District" was added to the National Register of Historic Places . Finally, in 1974 then-Governor Ronald Reagan authorized the department to establish the park. Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park was established on 240 acres (97 ha) in 1976. Ed Pope returned to

960-464: The hotel had eight guestrooms and charged 75 cents per night. In 1908 the southwest corner of Tulare County had abundant water from wells drilled into the then-shallow water table . The artesian wells and water mains laid throughout the residences during and since 1912 were controlled by Allensworth Rural Water Company, a state corporation. But water problems began developing in 1912 and by 1914 had become serious. The declining water tables throughout

1000-432: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CNL&oldid=1255209742 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing French-language text Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Allensworth State Park station Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park

1040-799: The national literary archive of Luxembourg The Commissioners of Northern Lighthouses, now known as the Northern Lighthouse Board Compute Node Linux , a Linux-based operating system used with Cray supercomputers Clinical nurse leader Columbia, Newberry and Laurens Railroad Controlled natural languages Computer Networks Laboratory CityNightLine , a former night train network in Germany and neighboring countries Sindal Airport , Denmark (IATA code CNL) Canley railway station , West Midlands, three letter station code Chronic neutrophilic leukemia Canadian Nuclear Laboratories , formerly

1080-417: The park in advance. The visitor center features a video presentation, "The Spirit of Allensworth." Fifteen campsites, open all year, accommodate RVs or tents. Each site includes a picnic table and a camp stove; flush toilets are nearby. Facilities accessible to people with disabilities are available. Turf, trees, and shade ramadas are other features. A nearby picnic area is shaded by 75 large trees, planted by

1120-495: The residence of the station agent at Allensworth, have been restored by the California State Railroad Museum and are displayed at Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park. California State Parks contracted with the nonprofit museum in mid-2002 to conserve and restore the two railroad boxcar bodies associated with Allensworth. Wheels and axles had been removed after the turn of the 20th century; today

1160-475: The scene "believed the motorcycle must have been going at high speed, and that Colonel Allensworth had little opportunity to save himself." The coroner's jury quickly returned an "open verdict" exonerating White and Wray from any blame, which led Assistant District Attorney Richardson to advise local law enforcement to not arrest the men. In 1919 Delilah L. Beasley wrote in her book The Negro Trail-Blazers of California : "The death of Colonel Allensworth

1200-475: The state acquired the land for park purposes, state officials said land owners were paid "market value" but because these values were so low, the state also provided financial assistance to relocate the former owners. According to State Park Ranger Greg Kauffman, "only two or three families were unhappy with the move". And, he said, "the project itself has received strong support". Colonel Allensworth died on September 14, 1914 at Monrovia Hospital after being hit by

1240-522: The state and nation. He was interred at Rosedale Cemetery in Los Angeles on September 18, 1914. The Allensworth community was devastated. Although Professor William Payne and Oscar Overr assumed the leadership of the colony, no one could replace the Colonel. Without Allensworth's spiritual guidance and leadership, the community began to disintegrate. By 1920, the two leading figures, William Payne and

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1280-489: The station, it does not appear on many of Amtrak's lists of active stations. Scheduled service is provided during special events at the park, including the annual Juneteenth celebration. In Fiscal Year 2023, No data passengers boarded or detrained at Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park station. San Joaquins are expected to cease services here once California High-Speed Rail operations begin. Two rare 19th-century railroad boxcars , which are believed to have been

1320-433: The summer. This disparity between the level of the winter and summer water table is known as the "zone of intermittent saturation", wherein the water table will fluctuate in response to climatic conditions. Fossil water is groundwater that has remained in an aquifer for several millennia and occurs mainly in deserts . It is non-renewable by present-day rainfall due to its depth below the surface, and any extraction causes

1360-413: The water table may be more difficult to define. “Water table” and “ water level ” are not synonymous. If a deeper aquifer has a lower permeable unit that confines the upward flow, then the water level in this aquifer may rise to a level that is greater or less than the elevation of the actual water table. The elevation of the water in this deeper well is dependent upon the pressure in the deeper aquifer and

1400-420: The water table reaches the surface. Groundwater entering rivers and lakes accounts for the base-flow water levels in water bodies. Within an aquifer, the water table is rarely horizontal, but reflects the surface relief due to the capillary effect ( capillary fringe ) in soils , sediments and other porous media . In the aquifer, groundwater flows from points of higher pressure to points of lower pressure, and

1440-708: The widow Josephine Allensworth , had left the area. Payne accepted a teaching job in El Centro, while Josephine Allensworth returned to Los Angeles to live with her daughter Nella. The exodus of residents continued during the years of the Great Depression and World War II . In 1968 Cornelius "Ed" Pope, a former resident of Allensworth, worked in Sacramento as a draftsman and planner for the California Department of Parks and Recreation . With

1480-579: Was like a thunderbolt from a clear sky to the people of the State. He had spent the two years previous in dictating and assisting Professor Charles Alexander to write his autobiography." The book had been sent to the publishers and was ready to come off the press when he was killed. Widely loved and respected, Allensworth received a military funeral by the Grand Army of the Republic veterans of Los Angeles. Memorial services were held for him throughout

1520-628: Was most tragic, because after passing through three wars, he was finally killed by a careless motorcyclist on the streets of Monrovia, California , a few miles out from Los Angeles , the accident occurring on a Sunday morning in September, 1914. The aged Colonel was on his way to preach in a small church of the village and had just stepped from a Pacific Electric street car when these men knocked him down and ran over him, killing him through their careless driving, his death, occurring within twenty-four hours afterwards without his regaining consciousness, it

1560-499: Was rushed to the hospital at Monrovia where death came after two days of unconsciousness." Allensworth was listed as having broken "both legs, one arm, collar bone and skull" in the ordeal. Burial paperwork from the Angelus-Rosedale Cemetery lists Allensworth's cause of death as " Fracture of skull " due to an accident. White and Wray claimed they were only going about 12 miles per hour, but many people on at

1600-684: Was worth more than $ 112,000. The affairs of the town were administered by a council form of government known as the Allensworth Progressive Association, which directed the community through its formative and critical early years. Men and women held responsible positions in the community. Allensworth's economy depended on agriculture; farmers cultivated alfalfa, wheat, sugar beets, and cotton; and raised dairy cattle, chickens, turkeys, and Belgian hares. The town had several businesses and public buildings: bakery, drugstore, livery stable, barbershop, church, school, library, and

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