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69-715: CBS Cable was a personal project of CBS founder William Paley , who hoped it would blaze a trail for cultural programming in the then-emerging cable television medium. Its program offerings were ambitious and often critically praised. Nevertheless, the network struggled, and ultimately failed, largely because of the reluctance of many cable systems across the United States to give it carriage, limiting severely its ability to attract both viewers and advertisers for its costly lineup of programming. Its program offerings, while critically hailed in their own right, frequently overlapped cultural, literary and historical programs broadcast over

138-460: A Horse in 1936 and donated it to the MoMA in 1964 however its Nazi-era provenance turned out to be problematic and resulted in a claim for restitution filed by the heirs of Paul von Mendelssohn-Bartholdy who said it had been sold under duress. The lawsuit, known as Schoeps v. The Museum of Modern Art, was about to go to trial when a settlement between the parties was announced. Other works from

207-460: A Story . "And he decreed that there would be no bridge between them.... In short, Paley was the guy who put Frank Sinatra and Edward R. Murrow on the radio and 60 Minutes on television." Paley was not fond of one of the network's biggest stars. Arthur Godfrey had been working locally in Washington, DC and New York City hosting morning shows. Paley did not consider him worthy of CBS, being

276-618: A brother joins the fraternity he will receive all rights and responsibilities as the rest of the chapter and shall be eligible for any position within the chapter regardless of how long he has been a brother. This decision was made in response to the Age of Liability, in which extensive research on hazing shed light on how the culture of subservient pledging led to several deaths nationwide. Children's Miracle Network Hospitals (CMNH), which raises funds for children's hospitals in North America,

345-592: A central role in promoting cultural diplomacy and Pan Americanism as part of President Franklin Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy . In 1943, he and Chester were awarded the Carlos Manuel de Cespedes National Order of Merit by the Cuban government in recognition of his efforts to foster greater understanding between the peoples of Cuba and the United States of America, in recognition of services performed by

414-636: A chain of sixty-four stations in eighteen countries which would subsequently be known as La Cadena de las Americas (The Network of the Americas). By 1942, Paley's innovative network was broadcasting both news and cultural programming live from CBS in New York City in cooperation with the government's Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs under the direction of a young Nelson Rockefeller . During World War II, these broadcasts played

483-683: A considerable influence over Paley's political views. She later said: "I can't believe he would have voted Democrat without me." Dorothy began to become estranged from Paley during the early 1940s because of his infidelity. They divorced on July 24, 1947, in Reno, Nevada . She retained custody of their two adopted children, Jeffrey Paley and Hilary Paley. In 1953, Dorothy married stockbroker Walter Hirshon; they divorced in 1961. Paley married divorcée, socialite and fashion icon Barbara Cushing Mortimer (1915–1978) affectionally referred to as "Babe" on July 28, 1947 and they remained married until her death. She

552-414: A dictum that led to the abrupt demise of Gilligan's Island , which had already been renewed for a fourth season. During the 1963–1964 television season, 14 of the top 15 shows on prime-time and the top 12 shows of daytime television were on CBS. Aubrey, however, fought constantly with Fred W. Friendly of CBS News, and Paley did not like Aubrey's taste in low-brow programming. Aubrey and Paley bickered to

621-542: A fraternity rush event on October 1, 1987. The fraternity was accused of hiring two African American women to perform before an audience of 100-200 men during the rush event. While the two women were undressing, the crowd yelled "Where did you get them niggers?" and other racist remarks. In June 2016, the Miami University chapter of Zeta Beta Tau was suspended until May 2018 because of hazing violations. In December 2017, Zeta Beta Tau discontinued recognition of

690-431: A friend discloses after an assault students know how to respond, how to identify an abusive relationship, and build a culture of respect. ZBT chapters raise funds for JWI's National Library Initiative, which creates libraries in domestic violence shelters nationwide - transforming basic spaces into comforting havens stocked with colorful furniture, toys, computers, and dozens of brand-new books. Gift of Life Marrow Registry

759-532: A mere local host. When Paley went into the Army and took up his assignment in London, and Frank Stanton assumed his duties, he decided to try Godfrey on the network. By the time Paley returned, Godfrey was a rising star on the network with his daily Arthur Godfrey Time program. Paley had to accept the entertainer, but the two were never friends. Godfrey would, on occasion, mock Paley and other CBS executives by name, on

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828-719: A mock slave auction featuring blackface and racial slurs. New pledges were dressed in wigs and "sold" for their services. This incident resulted in widespread campus protests against the fraternity, which was accused of creating a hostile environment for minorities. In February 1988, the Judicial Inquiry Office of the University of Pennsylvania charged the Zeta Beta Tau fraternity with violating seven Pennsylvania statutes and University of Pennsylvania guidelines including sexual and racial harassment during

897-599: A short time, while the CBS Cable channel folded after just over 14 months in operation. CBS made another effort to launch a cable network using the CBS name, CBS Eye On People , which launched in 1997, featuring mostly biography programming and programs from the CBS News archives, along with old episodes of 60 Minutes and other CBS newsmagazines. However the effort proved to be unsuccessful, and in 1998 CBS sold its stake in

966-467: A video showing Zeta Beta Tau members forcibly spitting into pledges' mouths and covering their faces with a wet mop. While in Panama City Beach, Florida , on April 17, 2015, for a spring formal, members of the fraternity's University of Florida chapter were accused of abusing disabled military veterans. The Warrior Beach Retreat provides wounded veterans a place to relax and heal. The event

1035-441: Is "A Brotherhood of Kappa Nu, Phi Alpha, Phi Epsilon Pi, Phi Sigma Delta, and Zeta Beta Tau". Zeta Beta Tau abolished the institution of pledging in 1989 as a way to combat and eliminate hazing and replaced the pledging process with one in which new members are accepted as brothers upon receiving a bid to the fraternity. Zeta Beta Tau's decision to do away with pledging did not involve an associate membership process, however. Once

1104-511: Is another official partner of ZBT since 2017. It is an international bone marrow registry whose sole purpose is to find life-saving bone marrow transplants for those suffering from blood cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma. Gift of Life achieves this goal with the help of ZBT chapters from college campuses across the US that run registration drives and help find life-saving matches. Since the partnership began, ZBT brothers have added nearly 6,000 names to

1173-544: Is no doubt that some of our members engaged in ugly and unacceptable behavior. Their actions have no place in ΖΒΤ or anywhere, and they will not be tolerated. On behalf of our entire organization, I want to apologize to veterans, both those who were in Panama City Beach and those who have felt the pain from afar, as well as to their families..." The president of the University of Florida, W. Kent Fuchs , called

1242-525: Is responsible for the overall program. Through the first six weeks of the Journey, newly initiated ΖΒΤ men learn the history of the fraternity, delve into the credo, mission statement, rituals, the skills the fraternity believes are needed to succeed in college, and how to make wise life decisions. Upon initiation, all ΖΒΤ brothers are given full rights and privileges within a few days of accepting their bids. The Journey then continues to develop brothers for

1311-480: Is sometimes translated as "justice". The meaning of Z.B.T. was listed in the American Jewish Committee 's annual report as early as 1900–1901. In 1903, Z.B.T. formally became Zeta Beta Tau, and its purpose shifted away from that of a Zionist youth organization as other Zionist organizations grew in prominence. The original Hebrew meaning of Z.B.T. is not esoteric . The meaning is reported in

1380-482: The Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity as well as UCLA. The lawsuit stemmed from the continuous denial and "sweeping under the rug" of complaints regarding rape and sexual assault and failure to adhere to their policies regarding alcohol consumption and abuse. Zeta Beta Tau has 82 chapters and colonies in the United States and Canada. The state with the most chapters is New York . The oldest active chapter

1449-678: The United States . Paley was born on September 28, 1901, in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Goldie ( née Drell) and Samuel Paley. His family was Jewish , and his father was an immigrant from Ukraine who ran a cigar company. As the company became increasingly successful, Samuel Paley became a millionaire, and moved his family to Philadelphia in the early 1920s. William Paley matriculated at Western Military Academy in Alton, Illinois but later transferred to, and recorded his degree from,

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1518-622: The University of Pennsylvania , where he was a member of the Theta chapter of Zeta Beta Tau fraternity. He was expecting to take an increasingly active role running the family cigar business upon graduation. In 1927, Samuel Paley, Leon Levy (who was married to Paley's sister, Blanche ), and some business partners bought a struggling Philadelphia-based radio network of 16 stations called the Columbia Phonographic Broadcasting System . Samuel Paley's intention

1587-728: The regional sports networks Midwest Sports Channel in the Twin Cities / Milwaukee (now split into Bally Sports North , serving Minnesota and the Dakotas , and Bally Sports Wisconsin for Wisconsin , purchased in 1992 by CBS as part of their acquisition of Midwest Television, the owners of WCCO-TV and Green Bay's WFRV-TV ) and the Home Team Sports network in the Baltimore / Washington market (now Monumental Sports Network ). TNN and CMT were folded into MTV Networks after

1656-534: The 1999 merger with Viacom , with the sports networks sold to other parties shortly after the merger. William S. Paley William Samuel Paley (September 28, 1901 – October 26, 1990) was an American businessman, primarily involved in the media, and best known as the chief executive who built the Columbia Broadcasting System ( CBS ) from a small radio network into one of the foremost radio and television network operations in

1725-503: The 20th floor. The University of Florida placed the ZBT chapter on interim suspension and charged the organization with a series of offenses as part of its formal investigation into the allegations of the event in Panama City Beach. Laurence Bolotin, the executive director of Zeta Beta Tau International, issued a statement on the organization's web site that noted, in part, "While the details of their actions are still under investigation, there

1794-495: The 33-1/3-rpm LP record , which could hold more than 20 minutes' worth of music on each side, and became a standard recording format through the 1970s. Also, CBS Laboratories and Peter Goldmark developed a method for color television. After lobbying by RCA President David Sarnoff and Paley in Washington, D.C., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved the CBS system, but later reversed

1863-681: The Brotherhood Program. The newest version is called the Journey. The Journey implements a number of changes. The Journey adds the position of Provost, in addition to the Brotherhood Development Director (BDD). In the past, the BDD was responsible for all education in the chapter. Now, the Provost teaches members about the history, values, and traditions of the organization. The BDD oversees the Provost and still

1932-542: The CBS news division (and by then a vice president of CBS), suffered during the 1950s over the hard-hitting tone of the Murrow-hosted See It Now series. The implication was that the network's sponsors were uneasy about some of the controversial topics of the series, leading Paley to worry about lost revenue to the network as well as unwelcome scrutiny during the era of McCarthyism . In 1955, Alcoa withdrew its sponsorship of See It Now , and eventually

2001-608: The Columbia Broadcasting System's Latin-American shortwave radio network. During World War II, Paley served as director of radio operations of the Psychological Warfare branch in the Office of War Information at Allied Force Headquarters in London, where he held the rank of colonel. While based in England during the war, Paley came to know and befriend Edward R. Murrow , CBS's head of European news who expanded

2070-633: The Fraternity. The foundation assists the fraternity by funding scholarships and academic and leadership programs to maximize their personal development and prepare them to be leaders of society. The scholarships and academic and leadership programs funded by the Foundation enhance the overall value of membership in Zeta Beta Tau Fraternity by complementing the collegiate educational experience. Jewish Women International has been

2139-641: The Jewish Theological Seminary on that date to found the organization. The society was called Z.B.T., which referred to the first letters in the transliteration of the Hebrew phrase צִיּוֹ בְּמִשְׁפָּט תִּפָּדֶה " Zion Be-mishpat Tipadeh ", which translated means "Zion shall be redeemed with justice". This is taken from Isaiah 1:27 — " Zion be-mishpat tipadeh ve-shaveha be-tzedakah " ( Zion shall be redeemed with judgment, and they that return of her, with righteousness"). The word "judgment"

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2208-844: The Museum of Broadcasting. From 1991 to 2007, it was known as The Museum of Television and Radio; its new location was known as the Paley Building. An L.A. branch opened in 1996, and closed in 2020. Paley met Dorothy Hart Hearst (1908–1998) while she was married to John Randolph Hearst , the third son of William Randolph Hearst . Paley fell in love with her, and, after her Las Vegas divorce from Hearst, she and Paley married on May 12, 1932, in Kingman, Arizona . Dorothy called on her extensive social connections acquired during her previous marriage to introduce Paley to several top members of President Franklin Roosevelt 's government. She also exerted

2277-541: The Paley collection include Paul Cézanne L'Estaque which he acquired in 1935, Henri Matisse's Woman with a Veil, which he acquired in 1936, Paul Gauguin's Washerwomen, which he acquired in 1958 and Paul Cézanne's Milk Can and Apples. The MoMA organized a special exhibition of the William Paley Collection in 1992. In 2022, twenty-nine artworks, including five on long term loan to the MoMA, from

2346-505: The Paley collection were auctioned at Sothebys on consignment from the William S. Paley Foundation. In the 1940s, William Paley and his brother-in-law Leon Levy formed Jaclyn Stable, which owned and raced a string of thoroughbred race horses . He enjoyed photographing Picasso in Cap d'Antibes. Like Picasso, Paley drove an exotic French Facel Vega Facel II , the fastest four-seater car in

2415-527: The RCA markings off of the equipment, and later relying exclusively on Philips - Norelco for color equipment beginning in 1964, when color television sets became widespread. PAL or Phase Alternating Line, an analogue TV-encoding system, is today a television-broadcasting standard used in large parts of the world. "Bill Paley erected two towers of power: one for entertainment and one for news," 60 Minutes creator Don Hewitt claimed in his autobiography, Tell Me

2484-685: The SBRV are the Chapter Standards, which all chapters must make known to their membership. If a brother receives a simple majority of nay votes, he is expelled from the fraternity. Twenty years after ΖΒΤ eliminated pledging, the Supreme Council, based on feedback from undergraduates and alumni, voted to continue the development of what was initially called the Membership Development Program, which then became

2553-416: The actions of the fraternity members unacceptable and committed to a full investigation. No criminal charges were filed and a University of Florida investigation resulted in the fraternity being charged with causing potential harm to others, obscenity, and public intoxication. One of the students present said they were not even aware that there was a Wounded Warrior's beach retreat. The university said that

2622-520: The advertising. The advertisers then became the network's primary clients and, because of the wider distribution brought by the growing network, Paley was able to charge more for the ad time. Affiliates were required to carry programming offered by the network for part of the broadcast day, receiving a portion of the network's fees from advertising revenue. At other times in the broadcast day, affiliates were free to offer local programming and sell advertising time locally. Paley's recognition of how to harness

2691-596: The air in prime time by PBS in nearly every television market. Further, cable systems in the early 1980s had far more limited channel capacity than they do today (usually the standard thirty-five channels in most cities). CBS Cable was competing for channel space by appealing to a select and relatively small upscale audience, while other networks coming on line at the same time such as MTV and ESPN promised larger and more broad-based viewership and therefore got cable operators to carry them far more easily. MTV and ESPN thrived and gave rise to additional companion channels within

2760-417: The air. Godfrey's massive revenues from advertising on the popular morning programs and his two prime-time shows Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts and Arthur Godfrey and his Friends, protected him from any reprisals. In private, Paley and his colleagues despised Godfrey. The relationship between Paley and his news staff was not always smooth. His friendship with Edward R. Murrow, one of the leading lights in

2829-456: The coming war and built the CBS news division into a dominant force just as he had previously built the network's entertainment division. As early as 1940 Paley envisioned the creation of a network division within CBS tasked with serving much of South America. In collaboration with his news director Paul White and his director of short wave operations Edmund Chester , Paley laid the foundation for

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2898-403: The decision based on the CBS system's incompatibility with black and white receivers. The new, compatible RCA color system was selected as the standard, and CBS sold the patents to its system to foreign broadcasters as PAL SECAM . CBS broadcast few color programs during this period, reluctant to supplement RCA revenue. They did, however, buy and license some RCA equipment and technology, taking

2967-548: The donor registry, with nearly 70 matches and 11 life-saving transplants thus far. In conjunction with the 1989 abolition of pledging, ΖΒΤ National instituted the Semi-Annual Brotherhood Review Vote (SBRV). All ΖΒΤ chapters twice a year (once a semester) have a vote to see who, if anyone, should be removed from membership within a chapter. The ballots are counted by the president and an executive member of his choice. The criteria for voting during

3036-404: The earnings potential of radio and recognized that good programming was the key to selling advertising time and, in turn, bringing in profits to the network and to affiliate owners. Before Paley, most businessmen viewed stations as stand-alone local outlets, as the broadcast equivalent of local newspapers. Individual stations originally bought programming from the network and, thus, were considered

3105-628: The greater Philadelphia chapter (Alpha Beta), composed mostly of Temple University students. This came after a member of the fraternity was found dead in his off-campus residence from an accidental drug overdose. In February 2018, the Cornell University chapter of Zeta Beta Tau was placed on probation for two years following an investigation into multiple reports of " pig roasts " in which men competed to try to sleep with and humiliate women they considered to be overweight. In September 2018, Syracuse University's student newspaper published

3174-562: The immediate suspension of the chapter was primarily for safety reasons because of the high number of threats made to the chapter and its members after news of the incident surfaced. Zeta Beta Tau at the University of Florida has since been re-formed. In August 2018, the ZBT National Fraternity and the chapter at the University of California, Los Angeles , were sued for negligence, assault, battery, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. The lawsuit also encompassed

3243-525: The irony of the octogenarian Paley being on the list was an inspiration for Late Night with David Letterman 's nightly Top Ten lists . Paley died of kidney failure on October 26, 1990, less than a month after his 89th birthday. He was buried at the Memorial Cemetery of St. John's Episcopal Church beside his second wife Babe . Zeta Beta Tau Zeta Beta Tau ( ΖΒΤ ) is a Greek-letter social fraternity based in North America. It

3312-446: The network to Discovery Communications , which rebranded it as Discovery People before utilizing the channel slots acquired in the deal for their other networks. The CBS Cable name was used for three years as the name of the network's cable division, after the 1996 purchase of The Nashville Network (now the general-interest Paramount Network ) and Country Music Television from Gaylord Entertainment , along with CBS' existing stakes in

3381-406: The network's clients. Paley changed broadcasting's business model not only by developing successful and lucrative broadcast programming but also by viewing advertisers and sponsors as the most significant element of the broadcasting equation. Paley provided network programming to affiliate stations at a nominal cost, thereby ensuring the widest possible distribution for both the programming and

3450-543: The news division's foreign coverage with a team of war correspondents later known as the Murrow Boys . In 1946, Paley promoted Frank Stanton to president of CBS. CBS expanded into television and rode the postwar TV boom to surpass NBC , which had dominated radio. CBS has owned the Columbia Record Company and its associated CBS Laboratories since 1939. In June 1948, Columbia Records introduced

3519-437: The next four years, offering education on building a better brotherhood and aiming to develop strong leadership skills. The Journey also offers a leadership track. In 1974, the Zeta Beta Tau chapter at Monmouth University , then known as Monmouth College, was suspended by the national headquarters after the death of a student during a pledge hazing ritual. In 1988, the ZBT chapter at the University of Wisconsin-Madison held

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3588-489: The notable Gertrude Stein collection. He subsequently became chairman, stepping down from the museum post in 1985. In 1974, Paley dedicated the second building at the S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications at Syracuse University . He also personally dedicated the Samuel L. Paley library at Temple University named in honor of his father. The Paley Center for Media was founded by Paley in New York City in 1976 as

3657-599: The official written history of Zeta Beta Tau, Here's to Our Fraternity: One Hundred Years of Zeta Beta Tau, 1898–1998 , by Marianne Rachel Sanua. Zeta Beta Tau expanded rapidly. By 1909, it had established 13 chapters in the Northeastern United States and a 14th at Tulane University in New Orleans. In 1913, it established its first Canadian chapter at McGill University in Montreal and, in

3726-479: The point that Aubrey approached Frank Stanton to propose a take-over of CBS. The takeover never materialized and, when CBS's ratings began to slip, Paley fired Aubrey in 1965. In 1972, Paley ordered the shortening of a second installment of a two-part CBS Evening News series on the Watergate scandal , based on a complaint by Charles Colson , an aide to President Richard Nixon . And later, Paley briefly ordered

3795-420: The potential reach of broadcasting was the key to his growing CBS from a tiny chain of stations into what was eventually one of the world's dominant communication empires. During his prime, Paley was described as having an uncanny sense for popular taste and exploiting that insight to build the CBS network. As war clouds darkened over Europe in the late 1930s, Paley recognized Americans' desire for news coverage of

3864-493: The program's weekly broadcast on Tuesdays was stopped, though it continued as a series of special segments until 1958. In 1959, James T. Aubrey Jr. became the president of CBS. Under Aubrey, the network became the most popular on television with shows like The Beverly Hillbillies and Gilligan's Island . However, Paley's personal favorite was Gunsmoke ; in fact, he was such a fan of Gunsmoke that, upon its threatened cancellation in 1967, he demanded that it be reinstated,

3933-977: The same year, Zeta Beta Tau was first represented at the National Inter-fraternity Conference. Five years later, it founded its first West Coast chapter at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. At the 1954 National Convention, the delegates amended Zeta Beta Tau's constitution, ritual and internal procedures both in theory and in practice to eliminate sectarianism as a qualification for membership. The Zeta Beta Tau has merged with four other national Jewish fraternities: Phi Alpha , Kappa Nu , Phi Sigma Delta and Phi Epsilon Pi , with chapters and colonies at over 90 campus locations. In 1959, Phi Alpha merged into Phi Sigma Delta and in 1961 Kappa Nu merged into Phi Epsilon Pi. In 1969–70, Phi Sigma Delta and Phi Epsilon Pi merged into Zeta Beta Tau. Zeta Beta Tau's official name

4002-422: The suspension of instant and often negatively critical analyses by CBS news commentators which followed presidential addresses. Over the years, Paley sold portions of his family stockholding in CBS. At the time of his death, he owned less than nine percent of the outstanding stock . In 1995, five years after Paley's death, CBS was bought by Westinghouse Electric Corporation and, in 1999, by Viacom , which itself

4071-617: The third official philanthropic partner of ZBT, since 2015. JWI is the leading Jewish organization working to empower women and girls by ensuring and protecting their physical safety and economic security, promoting and celebrating inter-generational leadership, and inspiring civic participation and community engagement. JWI provides chapters with prevention programming to create stronger and safer Greek communities. JWI works with students to create sexual assault and dating violence prevention programming so that they understand how to ask for consent, so that every bystander knows to intervene, so that if

4140-708: The world in the early 1960s. In 1964, CBS purchased the New York Yankees from Del Webb and Dan Topping . Subsequently, the storied baseball team fell into mediocrity, not making the postseason for the next ten years. In 1973, Paley sold the team at its low ebb for $ 8.7 million to Cleveland shipbuilder George Steinbrenner and a group of investors. Under the Steinbrenner regime, the Yankees grew in value to what, in April 2006, Forbes magazine estimated

4209-471: Was $ 1.26 billion, or about $ 280 million in 1973 dollars. Encouraged by Paley's avid interest in modern art and his outstanding collection, the Rockefeller family 's Museum of Modern Art made Paley a trustee in the 1930s; in 1962 he was tapped by then-chairman David Rockefeller to be its president. In 1968, he joined a syndicate with Rockefeller and others to buy six works by Picasso for the museum from

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4278-474: Was a notorious womanizer his entire life. Indeed, his first marriage to Dorothy ended when a newspaper published a suicide note written to Paley by a former girlfriend. As a result of another relationship he provided a stipend to a former lover, actress Louise Brooks , for the rest of her life. In his later years he enjoyed keeping company with several women. Paley was included in a list of the ten most eligible bachelors compiled by Cosmopolitan magazine in 1985;

4347-403: Was allegedly disrupted by a band of fraternity brothers who were accused of disrespecting and dishonoring the veterans. According to Warrior Beach Retreat's founder, Linda Cope, the students were antagonizing veterans. She stated that some of the men made inappropriate comments to the spouses of veterans. One veteran said that he and his service dog were spat on and that beer was poured on them from

4416-541: Was chosen as an official philanthropy of the fraternity during a Supreme Council meeting in the summer 2002. Chapters host Get on the Ball events in which people donate to CMNH to sign a large inflatable beach ball. The Zeta Beta Tau Foundation, a non-profit corporation exclusively committed to educational and charitable purposes that assist the Brothers of Zeta Beta Tau Fraternity, is another official philanthropic partner of

4485-486: Was founded on December 29, 1898. Originally a Zionist youth society, its purpose changed from the Zionism of the fraternity's early years when, in 1954, the fraternity became non-sectarian and open to non-Jewish members, changing its membership policy to include "All Men of Good Character" regardless of religious or ethnic background, while still being recognized as the first Jewish Fraternity. The Zeta Beta Tau fraternity

4554-535: Was led until his death by Richard J. H. Gottheil , a professor of languages at Columbia University and a Zionist . On December 29, 1898, he formed a Zionist youth society with a group of students from several New York City universities. Fifteen young men — among them Herman Abramowitz, Aaron Levy, Bernhard Bloch, David Liknaitz, Isidore Delson, Louis S Posner, Aaron Drucker, Bernhard Saxe, Bernard Ehrenreich, Herman Sheffield, Menachem Eichler, David Swick, Aaron Eiseman, Maurice Zellermayer, and David Levine — gathered at

4623-553: Was once a subsidiary of CBS. Today, CBS is owned by Paramount Global , after merging with the "new" Viacom in 2019. Paley acquired an art collection consisting of approximately forty works, many of which are today in the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Paley's collection included works by Cezanne , Matisse , Picasso , Toulouse-Lautrec , Degas , Derain , Bonnard , Gauguin , and Rouault . He acquired Picasso's Boy Leading

4692-644: Was the daughter of renowned neurosurgeon Harvey Cushing . William and Babe Paley, in spite of their successes and social standing, were barred from being members of country clubs on Long Island because he was Jewish. As an alternative, the Paleys built a summer home, "Kiluna North," on Squam Lake in New Hampshire and spent the summers there for many years, routinely entertaining their many friends, including Lucille Ball , Grace Kelly , and David O. Selznick . The couple had two children, William and Kate. Paley

4761-471: Was to use his acquisition as an advertising medium for promoting the family's cigar business, which included the La Palina brand. Within a year, under William's leadership, cigar sales had more than doubled, and, in 1928, the Paley family secured majority ownership of the network from their partners. Within a decade, William S. Paley had expanded the network to 114 affiliate stations. Paley quickly grasped

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