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35-458: The CCI Phantom is a Nelson-based pump action paintball marker developed and produced by Mike Casady. Production began in 1987 after about six months of prototype work. The name for the marker was derived from the much more stealth-oriented and drawn-out style of play that was typical when the game was first developing. The Phantom was designed to be powered by a single 12-gram CO 2 Powerlet , but larger tanks may also be used by removing

70-528: A closed bolt position meaning that when it fires the bolt is secured into the breech end of the barrel with a paintball loaded. In comparison, the bolt in an open bolt marker is not secured until the marker fires, at which point the paintball is chambered, fired, and the bolt is then re-opened. Another characteristic of the Phantom that varies within the Nelson-based family of markers is that it features

105-458: A revolver , allowed a paintball to be fed into the breech which would then align with the firing chamber, creating a seal. The maximum rate of fire was 7 balls per second, or 14 with a two-hole breech. A few working prototypes were demonstrated at the 1996 National Professional Paintball League World Cup in Orlando, Florida by Mike Casady. However, production was halted indefinitely in 1996 due to

140-556: A different breach type. The Phantom is one of only a handful of readily available markers acceptable for use in the various forms of stock class paintball. However, because the Phantom is capable of auto-triggering and features barrel porting it is considered to be a modified stock class marker. Component Concepts, Inc. (CCI) is located in Newberg, Oregon and was founded in 1979 to provide product design assistance and manufacturing expertise in dental equipment. Compressed gas enters

175-529: A similar mechanism to both load a pellet and compress a spring piston for power, or pneumatic guns where a pump is used to compress the air used for power. See the airgun article for information on how spring piston and pneumatic airguns work. The 43mm GM-94 is a pump-action grenade launcher developed by the KBP design bureau for use by Russian special forces . It carries three rounds in an above-the-barrel tubular magazine. Another pump-action grenade launcher

210-417: A sleeve around the grip area of the stock which the shooter would slide back and forward to cycle the gun. This was done because the forend based pump action was under patent at the time. Pump-action shotguns , also called pump shotguns , slide-action repeating shotguns or slide-action shotguns are the most commonly seen pump-action firearms. These shotguns typically use a tubular magazine underneath

245-553: A technical problem with the motor pinion drive. Additionally, there were several markers being produced or developed at the time which used a switch for a trigger and a circuit board to control the feed and/or the pneumatic firing sequence such as the Smart Parts Shocker. The sport of paintball saw explosive growth during this decade and as the industry became more lucrative, many patent disputes and lawsuits occurred. CCI effectively sidestepped them by focusing solely on

280-516: A trigger disconnector, which disconnects the trigger from the sear as the bolt moves back, so that the trigger must be released and pulled again to fire the shotgun after it closes. Many early pump shotguns, such as the Winchester 1897 , did not have trigger disconnectors, and would, if the trigger were held back, fire immediately upon closing. Due to the higher rate of fire that this allows, some shooters prefer models without this feature, such as

315-486: Is especially important when hunting, as many locations have legal limits on the magazine capacity: for example, three rounds for shotguns and five rounds for rifles. The BSA Machine Carbine used a unique pump-action that also required twisting the handguard. Another variant was the Burgess Folding Shotgun from the late 19th century where instead of manipulating the forend to cycle the action, it had

350-416: Is manipulated usually with the support hand, a pump-action firearm is much faster than a bolt-action and somewhat faster than a lever-action , as it does not require the trigger hand to be removed from the trigger while reloading. Also because the action is cycled in a linear fashion, it creates less torque that can tilt and throw the gun off aim when repeat-firing rapidly. The first slide action patent

385-614: Is the Krieghoff Semprio "in-line repeating rifle ". The Semprio is a reverse pump-action system that ejects cartridges when the fore-end is pushed forward and loads the chamber when pulled backward. The Semprio's 7-lug bolt head design displays a locking surface of 65 mm (0.101 in ) compared to the 56 mm (0.087 in ) of the Mauser M98 bolt-action rifle . The term pump-action can also be applied to various airsoft guns and air guns , which use

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420-537: Is the grip frame. The two most common grip frames available for the CCI Phantom paintball marker are the .45 style and M16 style. The .45 is an offshoot of the common grip structure for handguns chambered for the .45 ACP pistol cartridge such as the M1911 Colt pistol . However, the .45 grip frame is a purely visual replica of its firearm relative as the Phantom cannot be fed by a magazine . The standard grip on

455-414: Is typically fed from a tubular magazine underneath the barrel, which also serves as a guide to the movable forend. The rounds are fed in one by one through a port in the receiver, where they are pushed forward. A latch at the rear of the magazine holds the rounds in place in the magazine until they are needed. If it is desired to load the gun fully, a round may be loaded through the ejection port directly into

490-607: The Ithaca 37 , Stevens Model 520/620 , and Winchester Model 12 . When used in rifles , this action is also commonly called a slide action . In the late 19th and early 20th century it was referred to as a trombone action , because it functioned similarly to the musical instrument of the same name. Colt manufactured the Colt Lightning Carbine from 1884 to 1904 chambered in .44-40 caliber. The slide action Winchester Model 1890 chambered in .22 caliber

525-406: The gun barrel to hold the shells , though there are some variants that use a box magazine like most rifles. It's not uncommon to see extra ammunition stored in externally mounted "shell holder" racks (usually as "sidesaddle" on one side of the receiver , or on the buttstock ) for quick on-field reloading. The shells are chambered and extracted by pulling/pushing the sliding fore-end enveloping

560-484: The .45 grip frame is the government model rubber grip with finger grooves produced by Hogue Inc. The M16-style grip frame is derived from the structure of the rifle of the same name, the M16 rifle . The M16-style grip used in the Phantom is produced by Ram-Line and is made of plastic. Players can also opt to use either 12 gram CO 2 powerlets or a tank filled with CO 2 or compressed air. The original Phantom Revolution

595-399: The bolt moves rearwards, a single shell is released from the magazine, and is pushed backwards to come to rest on the elevator. As the forend reaches the rear and begins to move forward, the elevator lifts up the shell, lining it up with the barrel. As the bolt moves forward, the round slides into the chamber, and the final portion of the forend's travel locks the bolt into position. A pull of

630-400: The chamber, or cycled from the magazine, which is then topped off with another round. Pump shotguns with detachable box magazines or even drums exist, and may or may not allow the magazine to be inserted without stripping the top round. Nearly all pump-actions use a back-and-forward motion of the forend to cycle the action. Only a few pump-actions use the "reverse" or forward-and-back motion of

665-470: The forend to cycle the action, a few examples are the Russian RMB-93 and South African NeoStead 2000 . The forend is connected to the bolt by one or two bars; two bars are considered more reliable because it provides symmetric forces on the bolt and pump and reduces the chances of binding. The motion of the bolt back and forth in a tubular magazine model will also operate the elevator , which lifts

700-550: The majority of pump-action shotguns and rifles use a fixed tubular magazine . This makes for slow reloading, as the cartridges have to be inserted individually into the magazine of the firearm. However, some pump-action shotguns and rifles, including the Russian Zlatoust RB-12 , Italian Valtro PM5 , American Remington 7600 series, and the Mossberg 590M, use detachable box magazines . A pump-action firearm

735-505: The original breech drop design as opposed to the bore drop variation of the design, meaning that the paintballs drop into breech, or rear of the barrel, rather than dropping into the bore of the barrel. Different breech layouts allow players to use larger hoppers that are more common among contemporary semi-automatic markers or horizontal feed tubes. There are two styles available for the Phantom; gravity feed and stock class . Another feature which may differ depending on user preference

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770-558: The paintball out of the barrel. The term Nelson-based lends itself to the Nelson Paint Company and its first marker, the Nel-Spot 007. The basic valve design found in these early markers laid the groundwork for many other manufacturers to develop their own paintball guns. The Nelson design is in-line which means that the bolt, hammer, and valve follow the barrel and form a line as opposed to being stacked. It fires from

805-419: The paintball sealing the breech. Next, as the trigger is pulled, the sear pivots and releases the hammer from the bolt. The compressed main spring forces the hammer back until it reaches the rear of the power tube and provides enough energy to force the power tube back. As the power tube is pushed back the valve opens and compressed gas flows through the power tube and the tuned port compensator (TPC), projecting

840-430: The powerlet adapter or using a dummy powerlet. When first introduced the marker featured a fixed barrel assembly referred to as a "unibody" combined with a modified Crosman air pistol frame and brass bead sight. However, since roughly 1989 the body and barrel of the marker have been two distinct parts and no longer feature the bead style sight. The marker is also capable of supporting bulk gravity fed hoppers by using

875-473: The pump paintball market. All together enough parts for 50 prototypes were fabricated, 12 were assembled, and all but two have been accounted for by Casady. Around 2012, a pump-action marker was released under the Phantom Revolution moniker. It differs significantly from the 1996 prototypes, and is essentially a MQ-valved inline with an independent bolt. Pump action Because the forend

910-429: The rod connecting the pump handle and bolt to cock the marker. The pump stroke consists of two parts; the backward pump stroke and the forward pump stroke. On the backward pump stroke the bolt moves back, compressing the main spring until the bolt and hammer are connected by the sear. At this time a single ball drops into the breech. Next, during the forward pump stroke, both the bolt and hammer move forward, chambering

945-407: The shells from the level of the magazine to the level of the barrel. After firing a round, the bolt is unlocked and the forend is free to move. The shooter pulls back on the forend to begin the operating cycle. The bolt unlocks and begins to move to the rear, which extracts and ejects the empty shell from the chamber, cocks the hammer, and begins to load the new shell. In a tubular magazine design, as

980-431: The trigger will fire the next round, where the cycle begins again. Most pump-action firearms do not have any positive indication that they are out of ammunition, so it is possible to complete a cycle and have an empty chamber. The risk of running out of ammunition unexpectedly can be minimized in a tubular magazine firearm by topping off the magazine by loading new rounds to replace the rounds that have just been fired. This

1015-455: The tubular magazine toward the user. In modern shotguns, the fore-end can be replaceable and often include picatinny rails or M-LOK for mounting accessories such as a tactical light , and the traditional straight grip might be replaced with a pistol grip for a more stable control. Modern pump shotgun designs, such as the Remington 870 and Mossberg 500 , have a safety feature called

1050-423: The valve of the Phantom, pressing the cup seal assembly against the retainer with the aide of the valve spring. This gas forces the valve to stay sealed and allows the gun to be cocked which prepares the hammer of the paintball marker for firing. Without the pressure of the gas in the valve the gun cannot be cocked. As indicated by the term pump action the first step in firing the marker is the pump stroke which uses

1085-475: Was an unfinished semi-automatic paintball marker developed during the early 1990s. It featured an electrically powered rotary breech which was activated by an on-board computer system and microphone which responded to the sound of the marker being fired. Another notable innovation in the Revolution was its boltless design. The breech, which rotated on an axis in a similar fashion to that of the cylinder of

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1120-461: Was issued to Alexander Bain of Britain in 1854. The first pump action firearm with a magazine was technically the gun patented in America on the 22nd of May in 1866 by Josiah V. Meigs although the pump action was actuated via the trigger guard rather than a sliding handguard underneath the barrel. The first magazine-using pump-action firearm to operate using a sliding handguard underneath the barrel

1155-1012: Was often used in conjunction with the M1897 and M1912 shotguns in World War I trench warfare. Modern pump-action designs are a little slower than a semi-automatic shotgun , but the pump-action offers greater flexibility in selection of shotshells , allowing the shooter to mix different types of loads and for using low-power or specialty loads. Semi-automatic shotguns must use some of the energy of each round fired to cycle their actions, meaning that they must be loaded with shells powerful enough to reliably cycle. The pump-action avoids this limitation. In addition, like all manual action guns, pump-action guns are inherently more reliable than semi-automatic guns under adverse conditions, such as exposure to dirt, sand, or climatic extremes. Thus, until recently, military combat shotguns were almost exclusively pump-action designs. Like most lever-action rifles and shotguns,

1190-445: Was one of the most successful repeating rimfire rifle made by Winchester . Approximately 849,000 Model 1890 rifles were produced between 1890 and 1932. Later pump-action rifles were also manufactured by Winchester, Marlin , Browning and Remington . A "reverse pump-action" design can sometimes be found, where the extraction is done by pushing the fore-end forwards, and re-chambered by pulling backwards. One such 21st-century variant

1225-400: Was the firearm patented by William Krutzsch of Britain on the 27th of August in 1866, a few months after Meigs. Many older pump-action shotguns can be fired faster than modern ones, as they often did not have a trigger disconnector , and were capable of firing a new round as fast as the pump action was cycled, with the trigger held down continuously. This technique is called a slamfire , and

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