98-551: CoverGirl is an American cosmetics brand founded in Maryland , United States, by the Noxzema Chemical Company . It was acquired by Procter & Gamble in 1989, and later acquired by Coty, Inc. in 2016. The Noxell Company advertised this cosmetics line by allowing "cover girls", models, actresses, and singers who appear on the front cover of women's magazines, to wear its products. CoverGirl primarily provides
196-623: A Catholic convert who sought to provide a religious haven for Catholics persecuted in England. In 1632, Charles I of England granted Lord Baltimore a colonial charter , naming the colony after his wife, Henrietta Maria . In 1649, the Maryland General Assembly passed an Act Concerning Religion , which enshrined the principle of toleration . Religious strife was common in Maryland's early years, and Catholics remained
294-507: A university , library system , music and dance conservatory , and art museum . Cumberland was Maryland's second-largest city in the 19th century. Nearby supplies of natural resources along with railroads fostered its growth into a major manufacturing center. The Progressive Era of the late 19th and early 20th centuries brought political reforms. In a series of laws passed between 1892 and 1908, reformers worked for standard state-issued ballots (rather than those distributed and marked by
392-458: A M4.8 earthquake from Tewksbury in central New Jersey was felt slightly throughout Maryland. Tyra Banks Tyra Lynne Banks (born December 4, 1973), also known as BanX , is an American model, television personality, producer, writer, and actress. Born in Inglewood, California , she began her career as a model at the age of 15 and was the first Black American woman to be featured on
490-573: A book entitled Tyra's Beauty, Inside and Out . She announced in May 2010 that she would be writing a novel, titled Modelland , loosely based on her own modelling experience. It was published in September 2011, intended to be the first of a planned three-part series; Modelland topped The New York Times Best Seller list in October 2011. In 2018, Banks and her mother, Carolyn London, co-authored
588-664: A book entitled "Perfect is Boring". In August 2016, Banks accepted a position as a personal branding guest lecturer at Stanford University . Banks dated Norwegian photographer Erik Asla during the 2010s. Banks struggled with infertility and her and Asla's attempts to conceive through in vitro fertilisation were unsuccessful. January 2016, their son York Banks Asla was born via gestational surrogacy . Banks has stated that she tends to avoid drinking and has never used other recreational drugs. Banks has spoken out about abusive relationships in her past. In 2005, when asked about her relationship history, she stated, "I won't be using
686-553: A century, carried on by the descendants of William Penn and Lord Baltimore—the Calvert family , which controlled Maryland, and the Penn family , which controlled Pennsylvania. The border dispute with Pennsylvania led to Cresap's War in the 1730s. Hostilities erupted in 1730 and escalated through the first half of the decade, culminating in the deployment of military forces by Maryland in 1736 and by Pennsylvania in 1737. The armed phase of
784-464: A charter from King Charles I for the territory between Massachusetts to the north and Virginia to the immediate south. After Baltimore died in April 1632, the charter was granted to his son, Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), on June 20, 1632. Officially, the new "Maryland Colony" was named in honor of Henrietta Maria of France , wife of Charles I. Lord Baltimore initially proposed
882-416: A contract with CoverGirl cosmetics, launching advertising campaigns for the cosmetics company. She was one of only a few Black models to achieve Supermodel status. In the mid-1990s, Banks returned to America to do more commercial modeling. Banks was the first Black woman on the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue and the first African-American woman on the cover of GQ . In 1997, she received
980-509: A daytime talk show aimed at younger women, which premiered on September 12, 2005, and ran until May 28, 2010. In 2008, Banks won the Daytime Emmy Award for her work and production on The Tyra Banks Show , and won for the second time in a row for outstanding, informative talkshow in 2009. Banks's first big screen role came in 1994, when she co-starred in the drama Higher Learning . She then co-starred with Lindsay Lohan in
1078-414: A fresh, wholesome look, appealing to a younger consumer's taste. These advertisements established the "girl-next-door" look that CoverGirl would become associated with. In 1979, Cheryl Tiegs (often cited as America's first supermodel) was selected by the company to represent the brand by signing a five-year, 1.5 million-dollar contract with them. This was, at the time, the highest paid contract ever offered to
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#17327907107381176-462: A guest in the animated talk show Space Ghost Coast to Coast in an episode entitled "Chinatown". Banks started her production company, "Ty Ty Baby Productions"—soon afterward changed to Bankable Productions —which produced The Tyra Banks Show , America's Next Top Model and the 2008 movie The Clique . Banks is the executive producer and former presenter and judge of America's Next Top Model . In addition, she hosted The Tyra Banks Show ,
1274-541: A highly diversified economy spanning manufacturing, retail services, public administration, real estate, higher education, information technology, defense contracting, health care, and biotechnology. Maryland is one of the most multicultural states in the country; it is one of the six states where non-Whites compose a majority of the population , with the fifth-highest percentage of African Americans , and high numbers of residents born in Africa , Asia , Central America , and
1372-430: A lot of names on the show , but a specific relationship had not just cheating but emotional abuse. It was really bad, but that made me strong." In 2009, she opened up about her past relationships when she made a guest appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show , hosting alongside Oprah Winfrey. The episode was dedicated to dating violence in response to the assault of Rihanna by Chris Brown . In 2011, Banks enrolled in
1470-535: A minority, albeit in greater numbers than in any other English colony. Maryland's early settlements and population centers clustered around waterways that empty into the Chesapeake Bay . Its economy was heavily plantation-based and centered mostly on the cultivation of tobacco . Demand for cheap labor from Maryland colonists led to the importation of numerous indentured servants and enslaved Africans . In 1760, Maryland's current boundaries took form following
1568-410: A model. Sales of the line increased during 1985 due to an advertising campaign featuring supermodel Christie Brinkley . In 1997, CoverGirl launched what is now the famous slogan, "Easy, breezy, beautiful..." This was meant to imply the products would give the user a natural look. This eventually led to an increase of sales, and a larger audience of teenage girls was effectively targeted. The products of
1666-491: A music video featuring contestants from cycle 2 of America's Next Top Model . The video premiered on UPN. Banks released a single with NBA player Kobe Bryant , entitled "K.O.B.E.", which was performed on NBA TV . She also had a single on the Life-Size (2000) soundtrack called "Be a Star". Banks recorded a song with musician Todrick Hall for his 2021 album Femuline , entitled "Fashón". In 1998, Banks co-authored
1764-523: A series of newspaper editorials. Maryland's urban and rural communities had different experiences during the Great Depression . The " Bonus Army " marched through the state in 1932 on its way to Washington, D.C. Maryland instituted its first income tax in 1937 to generate revenue for schools and welfare. Passenger and freight steamboat service, once important throughout Chesapeake Bay and its many tributary rivers, ended in 1962. Baltimore
1862-536: A small portion of the state's northeast corner (which drains into the Delaware River watershed). So prominent is the Chesapeake in Maryland's geography and economic life that there has been periodic agitation to change the state's official nickname to the "Bay State", a nickname that has been used by Massachusetts for decades. The highest point in Maryland, with an elevation of 3,360 feet (1,020 m),
1960-622: A state tobacco buy-out program in the 1990s. In an effort to reverse depopulation due to the loss of working-class industries, Baltimore initiated urban renewal projects in the 1960s with Charles Center and the Baltimore World Trade Center . Some resulted in the break-up of intact residential neighborhoods, producing social volatility, and some older residential areas around the harbor have had units renovated and have become popular with new populations. Maryland has an area of 12,406.68 square miles (32,133.2 km ) and
2058-470: A tool to gain popular support. The two years from 1644 to 1646 when Claiborne and his Puritan associates held sway were known as "The Plundering Time". They captured Jesuit priests, imprisoned them, then sent them back to England. In 1646, Leonard Calvert returned with troops, recaptured St. Mary's City, and restored order. The House of Delegates passed the "Act concerning Religion" in 1649 granting religious liberty to all Trinitarian Christians. In 1650,
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#17327907107382156-667: A variety of topography within its borders, contributing to its nickname America in Miniature . It ranges from sandy dunes dotted with seagrass in the east, to low marshlands teeming with wildlife and large bald cypress near the Chesapeake Bay, to gently rolling hills of oak forests in the Piedmont Region , and pine groves in the Maryland mountains to the west. Maryland is bounded on its north by Pennsylvania , on its north and east by Delaware , on its east by
2254-432: A wide variety of consumer-grade cosmetics. CoverGirl's first product line, Clean Makeup, launched in 1961. It was nominated as America's best cosmetic brand. Initially offering only six products, it was advertised as being a "medicated face makeup" as it used Noxzema's medicated ingredients of camphor , menthol , and eucalyptus . In 1963, model (and later, actress) Jennifer O'Neill signed on as CoverGirl spokeswoman at
2352-605: Is Hoye Crest on Backbone Mountain , in the southwest corner of Garrett County , near the border with West Virginia, and near the headwaters of the North Branch of the Potomac River. Close to the small town of Hancock , in western Maryland, about two-thirds of the way across the state, less than 2 miles (3.2 km) separates its borders, the Mason–Dixon line to the north, and the northwards-arching Potomac River to
2450-615: Is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States . It borders Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to its east, and the national capital of Washington, D.C. to the southwest. With a total area of 12,407 square miles (32,130 km ), Maryland is the ninth-smallest state by land area , and its population of 6,177,224 ranks it
2548-564: Is a computer consultant. She has a brother, Devin, who is five years older. In 1979, when Banks was six years old, her parents divorced. Banks attended John Burroughs Middle School and graduated in 1991 from Immaculate Heart High School in Los Angeles. Banks has said that while growing up, she was teased for her appearance and considered an "ugly duckling"; when Banks was 11 years old, she grew three inches and lost 30 pounds in three months. On America's Next Top Model , Banks discussed
2646-425: Is comparable in overall area with Belgium [11,787 square miles (30,530 km )]. It is the 42nd-largest and 9th-smallest state and is closest in size to the state of Hawaii [10,930.98 square miles (28,311.1 km )], the next smallest state. The next largest state is Maryland's neighbor, West Virginia , which is nearly twice the size of Maryland [24,229.76 square miles (62,754.8 km )]. Maryland possesses
2744-497: Is no longer the case. In January 2010, Procter & Gamble launched "Clean Makeup for Clean Water", a charitable program aimed toward providing clean drinking water to places and people in need. Dania Ramirez is the newest spokesmodel for CoverGirl's Clean Makeup Sensitive formula, a campaign for CoverGirl's partnership with Children's Safe Drinking Water. With the help of the Clean Makeup line, CoverGirl has donated $ 500,000 to
2842-429: Is one of four African Americans and seven women to have repeatedly been ranked among the world's most influential people by Time magazine. She is also one of only seventeen models to be ranked as a Legendary Supermodel by MODELS.com. Tyra Lynne Banks was born in Inglewood, California , on December 4, 1973. Her mother, Carolyn London (now London-Johnson), is a medical photographer, and her father, Donald Banks,
2940-484: Is the first CoverGirl spokesperson who is not an actress, singer, or entertainer. In 2018, Amy Deanna became CoverGirl's first model with vitiligo . In October 2019, Lili Reinhart was announced as a spokesperson for the brand. The authors and publishers of the 2006 novel Cathy's Book agreed with Procter & Gamble to include references to the makeup line in exchange for promoting the book on its self-care BeingGirl website. In April 2011, CoverGirl supported
3038-493: The 19th-most populous state and the fifth-most densely populated . Maryland's capital is Annapolis , and the most populous city is Baltimore . Maryland's coastline was first explored by Europeans in the 16th century. Prior to that, it was inhabited by several Native American tribes, mostly the Algonquian peoples . As one of the original Thirteen Colonies , Maryland was founded by George Calvert , 1st Baron Baltimore,
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3136-550: The Aberdeen Proving Ground , and the Edgewood Arsenal were established. Existing facilities, including Fort McHenry , were greatly expanded. After Georgia congressman William D. Upshaw criticized Maryland openly in 1923 for not passing Prohibition laws, Baltimore Sun editor Hamilton Owens coined the "Free State" nickname for Maryland in that context, which was popularized by H. L. Mencken in
3234-631: The Atlantic Ocean , and on its south and west, across the Potomac River , by West Virginia and Virginia . The mid-portion of its border with Virginia is interrupted by Washington, D.C. , which sits on land that was originally part of Montgomery and Prince George's counties and including Georgetown, Maryland , which was ceded to the United States federal government in 1790 to form the Washington, D.C. Chesapeake Bay nearly bisects
3332-684: The Baltimore riot of 1861 , the first bloodshed in the Civil War. Of the 115,000 Marylanders who joined the military during the Civil War, around 85,000, or 77%, joined the Union army , while the remainder joined the Confederate Army . The largest and most significant battle in the state was the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862, near Sharpsburg . Although a tactical draw, the battle
3430-623: The Caribbean . The state's central role in U.S. history is reflected by its hosting of some of the highest numbers of historic landmarks per capita. The western portion of the state contains stretches of the Appalachian Mountains , the central portion is primarily composed of the Piedmont , and the eastern side of the state makes up a significant portion of Chesapeake Bay . Sixteen of Maryland's twenty-three counties, and
3528-474: The Industrial Revolution , driven by its seaports, railroad networks, and mass immigration from Europe. Since the 1940s, the state's population has grown rapidly, to approximately six million residents, and it is among the most densely populated U.S. states. As of 2015 , Maryland had the highest median household income of any state, owing in large part to its proximity to Washington, D.C., and
3626-729: The VH1 award for "Supermodel of the Year". That year, she was the first African American chosen for the cover of the Victoria's Secret catalog, and became a Victoria's Secret Angel . In 2010, Banks re-signed with her former modeling agency IMG Models . Banks is now a contributor of the Vogue Italia website. In 2013, Banks transformed herself into 15 supermodels, in collaboration with fashion photographer Udo Spreitzenbarth . In 2019, Banks came out of her modeling retirement to pose for one of
3724-609: The settlement of a long-running border dispute with Pennsylvania. Many of its citizens played key political and military roles in the American Revolutionary War . Although it was a slave state , Maryland remained in the Union during the American Civil War , and its proximity to Washington D.C. and Virginia made it a significant strategic location . After the Civil War ended, Maryland took part in
3822-742: The 20 years after the Revolutionary War . Across the Upper South the free black population increased from less than 1% before the war to 14% by 1810. Abolitionists Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass were born slaves during this time in Dorchester County and Talbot County , respectively. During the War of 1812 , the British military attempted to capture Baltimore, which was protected by Fort McHenry . During its bombardment
3920-618: The 40th parallel would pass close to New Castle, Delaware when it falls north of Philadelphia , the site of which Penn had already selected for his colony's capital city. Negotiations ensued after the problem was discovered in 1681. A compromise proposed by Charles II in 1682 was undermined by Penn's receiving the additional grant of what is now Delaware. Penn successfully argued that the Maryland charter entitled Lord Baltimore only to unsettled lands, and Dutch settlement in Delaware predated his charter. The dispute remained unresolved for nearly
4018-568: The Calvert family and Lord Baltimore regained proprietary control and re-enacted the Toleration Act. After England's Glorious Revolution in 1688, Maryland outlawed Catholicism. In 1704, the Maryland General Assembly prohibited Catholics from operating schools, limited the corporate ownership of property to hamper religious orders from expanding or supporting themselves, and encouraged the conversion of Catholic children. The celebration of
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4116-524: The Catholic sacraments was also officially restricted. This state of affairs lasted until after the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783). Wealthy Catholic planters built chapels on their land to practice their religion in relative secrecy. Into the 18th century, individual priests and lay leaders claimed Maryland farms belonging to the Jesuits as personal property and bequeathed them in order to evade
4214-594: The Constitution of 1864 with the Constitution of 1867 . Following the end of Reconstruction in 1877, Democrats devised means of disenfranchising blacks, initially by physical intimidation and voter fraud, later by constitutional amendments and laws. Blacks and immigrants, however, resisted Democratic Party disfranchisement efforts in the state. Maryland blacks were part of a biracial Republican coalition elected to state government in 1896–1904 and comprised 20% of
4312-496: The Disney Channel show Shake It Up as a school librarian. In 2012, Deadline Hollywood reported that Banks would co-create and produce an ABC comedy series based on her teenage years titled Fivehead. In 2015, Banks starred in the round table lineup talk show FABLife alongside model Chrissy Teigen , fashion stylist Joe Zee , interior designer Lauren Makk, and YouTube personality Leah Ashley. Banks quit
4410-477: The Disney film Life-Size , playing a doll named Eve who comes to life. Other films she has starred in include Love Stinks (1999), Love & Basketball (2000), Coyote Ugly (2000), Halloween: Resurrection (2002) and Hannah Montana: The Movie (2009). Banks appeared in the fourth episode of the third season of Gossip Girl playing Ursula Nyquist, a larger-than-life actress. She also appeared on
4508-1232: The Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern , and Southern regions of the country. What is now Maryland was originally inhabited by tribes such as the Piscataway (including the Patuxent ), the Nanticoke (including the Tocwogh , the Ozinie and other subdivisions), the Powhatan , the Lenape , the Susquehannock , the Shawnee , the Tutelo , the Saponi , the Pocomoke and the Massawomeck . George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore (1579–1632), sought
4606-521: The Piedmont in the Coastal Plain, though it straddles the border between the two regions. Earthquakes in Maryland are infrequent and small due to the state's distance from seismic/earthquake zones. The M 5.8 Virginia earthquake in 2011 was felt moderately throughout Maryland. Buildings in the state are not well-designed for earthquakes and can suffer damage easily. As well as this, notably
4704-640: The Procter & Gamble Children's Safe Drinking Water campaign. CoverGirl donated all its proceeds from the sale of the special powders, which got launched for the 50th anniversary of the company, to the campaign. CoverGirl has given checks to several people featured on The Ellen DeGeneres Show , such as Talia Castellano , a 13-year-old American YouTuber with cancer. DeGeneres also announced on her talk show that CoverGirl chose Castellano as an honorary CoverGirl. Maryland Maryland ( US : / ˈ m ɛr ɪ l ə n d / MERR -il-ənd )
4802-594: The Puritans revolted against the proprietary government. "Protestants swept the Catholics out of the legislature ... and religious strife returned." The Puritans set up a new government prohibiting both Roman Catholicism and Anglicanism . The Puritan revolutionary government persecuted Maryland Catholics during its reign, known as the "plundering time". Mobs burned down all the original Catholic churches of southern Maryland. The Puritan rule lasted until 1658 when
4900-457: The Stars for its 29th season , also serving as an executive producer. In 2010, Banks published a young adult novel titled Modelland , based on her life as a model, which topped The New York Times Best Seller list in 2011. She also has her own production company, Bankable Productions , which produced The Tyra Banks Show , America's Next Top Model , and the 2008 film The Clique . Banks
4998-444: The Stars . In August 2020, Banks signed a deal with ABC Signature . In March 2023, Banks decided to leave the show after 3 seasons to focus on business commitments. In 2014, Banks founded the cosmetics brand Tyra Beauty, which she completed a non-degree certificate program at Harvard Business School specifically for. Tyra Beauty uses a multi-level marketing system to recruit sales distributors, who are called "beautytainers" by
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#17327907107385096-406: The United States as a united, sovereign and national state . It also became the seventh state admitted to the Union after ratifying the new federal Constitution in 1788. In December 1790, prior to the move of the national capital from Philadelphia in 1800, Maryland donated land selected by first President George Washington to the federal government for its creation. The land was provided along
5194-428: The age of 14, appearing in both print and television advertising that year. Her unprecedented 30-year endorsement of the product catapulted CoverGirl into being the top-selling makeup line in the country. Cybill Shepherd was one of CoverGirl's earliest models, appearing in several print and television advertisements for the brand. In contrast to the "made-up" looking fashion models of the late 1960s, Shepherd demonstrated
5292-415: The city of Baltimore, border the tidal waters of the Chesapeake Bay estuary and its many tributaries, which combined total more than 4,000 miles of shoreline. Although one of the smallest states in the U.S., it features a variety of climates and topographical features that have earned it the moniker of America in Miniature . In a similar vein, Maryland's geography, culture, and history combine elements of
5390-842: The company launched a campaign featuring a model with vitiligo (skin color disorder) for the first time. In 1992, CoverGirl became the first major cosmetic company to sign a black model to an exclusive contract. Canada-born Lana Ogilvie became the first black woman to represent a non-ethnic cosmetics company, and opened the door for traditionally Caucasian-focused brands to embrace different cultures and ethnicities in their brand. Currently, most major brands have one or more black models or celebrities under contract. Many successful models have represented CoverGirl cosmetics, including Tyra Banks and Carrie Tivador. Singers and actresses including Katy Perry , Brandy , Molly Sims , Faith Hill , Queen Latifah , Rihanna , Keri Russell , Taylor Swift , Dania Ramirez , and Drew Barrymore have also represented
5488-819: The company. Banks held a casting call to find faces for her line, eventually selecting Melody Parra, Monique Hayward, Katy Harvey and Top Model Norge contestant Marita Gomsrud as the cosmetic line's original beauty models. In March 2011, Banks launched her fashion and beauty website called "typeF.com", which she co-created with Demand Media. In 2015, she launched "tyra.com", an interactive cosmetic e-commerce site. Banks has appeared in several music videos, including Michael Jackson 's " Black or White ", Mobb Deep 's "Trife Life", Tina Turner 's " Love Thing ", George Michael 's " Too Funky " (with models Linda Evangelista , Estelle Lefébure , Emma Sjoberg and Nadja Auermann ) and Lionel Richie 's "Don't Wanna Lose You". In 2004, she recorded her first single, "Shake Ya Body", which had
5586-402: The conflict ended in May 1738 with the intervention of King George II, who compelled the negotiation of a cease-fire. A provisional agreement had been established in 1732. Negotiations continued until a final agreement was signed in 1760. The agreement defined the border between Maryland and Pennsylvania as the line of latitude now known as the Mason–Dixon line . Maryland's border with Delaware
5684-411: The cosmetic line. Because of Jennifer O'Neill 's successful 30-year relationship with CoverGirl as spokeswoman, her face has become widely recognized as the face of CoverGirl. Christie Brinkley modeled for the company for 25 years, the longest-running cosmetics contract of any model in history. YouTuber James Charles became the first male model, and talk show host Ellen DeGeneres has been featured as
5782-503: The covers of GQ and the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue , on which she appeared three times. Banks was one of only a few Black models to achieve Supermodel status. She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 1997 to 2005. By the early 2000s, Banks was one of the world's top-earning models . Banks began acting on television in the sitcom The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air (1993) and made her film debut in
5880-771: The covers of magazines such as Elle ; Harper's Bazaar ; Spanish Vogue ; Cosmopolitan ; Seventeen and Teen Vogue . She walked in fashion shows for Chanel , Oscar de la Renta , Yves Saint Laurent , Anna Sui , Christian Dior , Donna Karan , Calvin Klein , Perry Ellis , Marc Jacobs , Givenchy , Herve Leger , Valentino , Fendi , Isaac Mizrahi , Giorgio Armani , Sonia Rykiel , Michael Kors and others. She appeared in advertising campaigns for Yves Saint Laurent , Dolce & Gabbana , Escada , Tommy Hilfiger , Ralph Lauren , Halston , H&M , XOXO , Swatch , Versace , Christian Lacroix , Victoria's Secret , Got Milk? , Pepsi and Nike . In 1993, Banks signed
5978-466: The drama Higher Learning (1995). In 2000, she had major film roles, such as Eve in Disney Channel 's Life-Size and Zoe in the box-office hit Coyote Ugly . Banks had small roles in the romantic sports film Love & Basketball (2000), the horror film Halloween: Resurrection (2002), and in the television series Gossip Girl (2009) and Glee (2013). In 2003, Banks created
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#17327907107386076-711: The eastern and western halves of Maryland were linked for the first time by the Chesapeake Bay Bridge , which replaced a nearby ferry service. Maryland's regions experienced economic changes following WWII. Heavy manufacturing declined in Baltimore. In Maryland's four westernmost counties, industrial, railroad, and coal mining jobs declined. On the lower Eastern Shore , family farms were bought up by major concerns and large-scale poultry farms and vegetable farming became prevalent. In Southern Maryland, tobacco farming nearly vanished due to suburban development and
6174-491: The election of a new pro-union governor and legislature, President Abraham Lincoln had a number of its pro-slavery politicians arrested, including the Mayor of Baltimore, George William Brown ; suspended several civil liberties, including habeas corpus ; and ordered artillery placed on Federal Hill overlooking Baltimore. In April 1861, Federal units and state regiments were attacked as they marched through Baltimore, sparking
6272-403: The electorate and immigrants comprised 15%, and the legislature had difficulty devising requirements against blacks that did not also disadvantage immigrants. The Progressive Era also brought reforms in working conditions for Maryland's labor force. In 1902, the state regulated conditions in mines ; outlawed child laborers under the age of 12; mandated compulsory school attendance; and enacted
6370-509: The electorate. Compared to some other states, blacks were better established both before and after the civil war. Nearly half the black population was free before the war, and some had accumulated property. Half the population lived in cities. Literacy was high among blacks and, as Democrats crafted means to exclude them, suffrage campaigns helped reach blacks and teach them how to resist. Whites did impose racial segregation in public facilities and Jim Crow laws, which effectively lasted until
6468-482: The first rail line to reach the Ohio River from the eastern seaboard. The state remained in the Union during the American Civil War , due in significant part to demographics and Federal intervention. The 1860 census, held shortly before the outbreak of the civil war, showed that 49% of Maryland's African Americans were free . Governor Thomas Holliday Hicks suspended the state legislature, and to help ensure
6566-434: The fourth season of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air , in which she played lead character Will Smith 's old friend Jackie Ames . She made seven appearances in the series. Other TV credits include Felicity , All That , MADtv , Nick Cannon 's Wild 'n Out (in which she was featured as a special guest host and team captain) and The Price Is Right (guest-starring as a " Barker's Beauty "). She also appeared as
6664-421: The legal restrictions on religious organizations' owning property. The royal charter granted Maryland the land north of the Potomac River up to the 40th parallel . A problem arose when Charles II granted a charter for Pennsylvania . The grant defined Pennsylvania's southern border as identical to Maryland's northern border, the 40th parallel. But the grant indicated that Charles II and William Penn assumed
6762-455: The line are still in production, and continue changing as new ideas come along. Also representing CoverGirl are Drew Barrymore , Zooey Deschanel , Ellen DeGeneres , Dania Ramirez , Christobelle Grierson-Ryrie , Rihanna , Queen Latifah , Sofia Vergara , Taylor Swift , Zendaya , Janelle Monáe , and Pink , who touts the company's foundation product. CoverGirl was once one of the largest global brands to conduct animal testing, but that
6860-402: The long-running reality television series America's Next Top Model , which she executive produced and presented for the first twenty-two seasons, until the series' cancellation in October 2015. She remained executive producer for the revival of the series in 2016 and enlisted Rita Ora as host for the twenty-third cycle before reassuming the duties herself for the twenty-fourth cycle . Banks
6958-763: The model for Simply Ageless cosmetic products. Recently, CoverGirl has contracted American gymnasts Alicia Sacramone , Shawn Johnson , and Nastia Liukin to represent CoverGirl, the first athletes to do so. CoverGirl gave a $ 100,000 contract to the winners of Cycle 3 through 18 of The CW's popular modeling reality television show, America's Next Top Model , making Eva Pigford , Naima Mora , Nicole Linkletter , Danielle Evans , CariDee English , Jaslene Gonzalez , Saleisha Stowers , Whitney Thompson , McKey Sullivan , Teyona Anderson, Nicole Fox , Krista White , Ann Ward , Brittani Kline , Lisa D'Amato , and Sophie Sumner official cover girls. In 2011, Paula Patton , Jessica Stam , Taylor Swift , and Sofía Vergara were named
7056-513: The name "Crescentia", the land of growth or increase, but "the King proposed Terra Mariae [Mary Land], which was concluded on and inserted in the bill." The original capital of Maryland was St. Mary's City , on the north shore of the Potomac River , and the county surrounding it, the first erected/created in the province, was first called Augusta Carolina, after the King, and later named St. Mary's County. Lord Baltimore's first settlers arrived in
7154-445: The nation's first workers' compensation law. The workers' compensation law was overturned in the courts, but was redrafted and finally enacted in 1910. The Great Baltimore Fire of 1904 burned for more than 30 hours, destroying 1,526 buildings and spanning 70 city blocks. More than 1,231 firefighters worked to bring the blaze under control. With the nation's entry into World War I in 1917, new military bases such as Camp Meade ,
7252-648: The new colony in March 1634, with his younger brother the Honorable Leonard Calvert (1606–1647), as first provincial Governor of Maryland . They made their first permanent settlement at St. Mary's City in what is now St. Mary's County . They purchased the site from the paramount chief of the region, who was eager to establish trade. St. Mary's became the first capital of Maryland, and remained so for 60 years until 1695. More settlers soon followed. Their tobacco crops were successful and quickly made
7350-527: The new colony profitable. However, given the incidence of malaria , yellow fever , and typhoid , life expectancy in Maryland was about 10 years less than in New England . Maryland was founded to provide a haven for England's Roman Catholic minority. Although Maryland was the most heavily Catholic of the English mainland colonies, the religion was still in the minority, consisting of less than 10% of
7448-432: The new faces of CoverGirl. In early 2012, a CoverGirl commercial starring Sofia Vergara and Ellen DeGeneres began airing on national television. The commercial was featured and promoted by both women on The Ellen DeGeneres Show . In August 2012, Pink and Janelle Monáe were chosen as the newest spokeswomen for CoverGirl. In June 2013, Nervo became the spokeswomen for CoverGirl. In September 2013, Katy Perry
7546-506: The nine-week Owner/President Management Program (OPM) at Harvard Business School . Banks completed the executive education training program in February 2012, earning a certificate. She has come under criticism for implying she is a Harvard graduate. Jenna Sauers, writing for Jezebel , referred to her statements on Harvard as "disingenuous", and called upon her to "stop lying" about Harvard. As of 2012, Harvard professor Rohit Deshpande
7644-694: The north shore of the Potomac River from Montgomery and Prince George's counties, as well as from Fairfax County and Alexandria on the south shore of the Potomac in Virginia ; however, the land donated by the Commonwealth of Virginia was later returned to that state by the District of Columbia retrocession in 1846. Influenced by a changing economy, revolutionary ideals, and preaching by ministers, numerous planters in Maryland freed their slaves in
7742-675: The parties); obtained closed voting booths to prevent party workers from "assisting" voters; initiated primary elections to keep party bosses from selecting candidates; and had candidates listed without party symbols, which discouraged the illiterate from participating. These measures worked against ill-educated whites and blacks. Blacks resisted such efforts, with suffrage groups conducting voter education. Blacks defeated three efforts to disenfranchise them, making alliances with immigrants to resist various Democratic campaigns. Disenfranchisement bills in 1905, 1907, and 1911 were rebuffed, in large part because of black opposition. Blacks comprised 20% of
7840-507: The passage of federal civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s. Baltimore grew significantly during the Industrial Revolution , due in large part to its seaport and good railroad connections, attracting European immigrant labor. Many manufacturing businesses were established in the Baltimore area after the Civil War. Baltimore businessmen, including Johns Hopkins , Enoch Pratt , George Peabody , and Henry Walters , founded notable city institutions that bear their names, including respectively
7938-482: The principle of partus sequitur ventrem , by which children took the social status of their mothers, a principle of slave law that was adopted throughout the colonies, following Virginia in 1662. Many of the free black families migrated to Delaware, where land was cheaper. As the flow of indentured laborers to the colony decreased with improving economic conditions in England, planters in Maryland imported thousands more slaves and racial caste lines hardened. Maryland
8036-625: The program, which provided 50 million liters of drinking water to children across the world. In 2017, CoverGirl reinvented their brand by adopting a new strapline "I Am What I Make Up" instead of the past strapline "easy, breezy, beautiful" for 20 years. Their rebrand also includes a new logo, tone, updated packaging and product design. For their new campaign they made a short film, Made in the Mirror , which included celebrities such as chef Ayesha Curry , actress Issa Rae , coach Massy Arias, Katy Perry , Maye Musk , and Shelina Moreda. In February 2018,
8134-426: The results of an Ancestry.com genealogical DNA test that gave her "79% African, 14% British, and 6% Native American" results. In an interview, she added that she is also "1% Finnish ", saying: "I'm 14% British, 6% Native American, 1% Finnish, and all the rest African." In February 2012, Banks completed a nine-week course at Harvard University's Owner/President Management non-degree extension program. When Banks
8232-424: The series after less than three months to focus on her cosmetics company. In 2018, Banks returned to acting for her starring role in Life-Size 2 , which premiered on Freeform on December 2. Banks will also star and executive produce Beauty , a documentary series for Quibi . In 2018, she signed a deal with Universal Television. In July 2020, it was announced that Banks would be the new host of Dancing with
8330-476: The song " The Star-Spangled Banner " was written by Francis Scott Key ; it was later adopted as the national anthem. National Road, later renamed U.S. Route 40 , was authorized in 1817 as the federal highway, and ran from Baltimore to St. Louis . The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O), the first chartered railroad in the United States, opened its first section of track for regular operation in 1830 between Baltimore and Ellicott City , and in 1852 it became
8428-692: The south. Portions of Maryland are included in various official and unofficial geographic regions. For example, the Delmarva Peninsula is composed of the Eastern Shore counties of Maryland, the entire state of Delaware , and the two counties that make up the Eastern Shore of Virginia , whereas the westernmost counties of Maryland are considered part of Appalachia . Much of the Baltimore–Washington corridor lies just south of
8526-559: The state, and the counties east of the bay are known collectively as the Eastern Shore . Most of the state's waterways are part of the Chesapeake Bay watershed, with the exceptions of a tiny portion of extreme western Garrett County (drained by the Youghiogheny River as part of the watershed of the Mississippi River ), the eastern half of Worcester County (which drains into Maryland's Atlantic coastal bays), and
8624-482: The three 2019 Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue covers; the other cover models being Camille Kostek and Alex Morgan . It marked her third cover for the publication, 22 years after her first. She also announced that she will now go by the modeling name BanX. In 2024, Banks came out of her runway retirement to walk for the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show as the closing model. Banks's television career began on
8722-467: The total population. In 1642, a number of Puritans left Virginia for Maryland and founded the city of Providence, now called Annapolis , on the western shore of the upper Chesapeake Bay . A dispute with traders from Virginia over Kent Island in the Chesapeake led to armed conflict. In 1644, William Claiborne , a Puritan, seized Kent Island while his associate, the pro-Parliament Puritan Richard Ingle , took over St. Mary's. Both used religion as
8820-553: The traditionally Southern and Tidewater culture that previously dominated most of the state. Agricultural tracts gave way to residential communities, some of them carefully planned such as Columbia , St. Charles , and Montgomery Village . Concurrently the Interstate Highway System was built throughout the state, most notably I-95 , I-695 , and the Capital Beltway , altering travel patterns. In 1952,
8918-648: Was 15 years old, she started modeling while attending school in Los Angeles. She was rejected by four modeling agencies before she was signed by L.A. Models. She switched to Elite Model Management at age 16. When she got the opportunity to model in Europe, she moved to Milan. In her first runway season, she booked 25 shows in the 1991 Paris Fashion Week . Banks appeared in editorials for American, Italian, French, and Spanish Vogue ; American, French, German, and Spanish Elle ; American, German, and Malaysian Harper's Bazaar ; V ; W and Vanity Fair . She appeared on
9016-421: Was a major war production center during World War II . The biggest operations were Bethlehem Steel 's Fairfield Yard, which built Liberty ships ; and Glenn Martin , an aircraft manufacturer. Maryland experienced population growth following World War II. Beginning in the 1960s, as suburban growth took hold around Washington, D.C. and Baltimore, the state began to take on a more mid-Atlantic culture as opposed to
9114-561: Was based on a Transpeninsular Line and the Twelve-Mile Circle around New Castle. Most of the English colonists arrived in Maryland as indentured servants , and had to serve a several years' term as laborers to pay for their passage. In the early years, the line between indentured servants and African slaves or laborers was fluid, and white and black laborers commonly lived and worked together, and formed unions. Mixed-race children born to white mothers were considered free by
9212-409: Was chosen as the newest CoverGirl. In July 2014, Becky G became the face of CoverGirl and featured their products in her music videos. In January 2016, Zendaya was announced as the newest CoverGirl. In October 2016, 17-year-old YouTuber James Charles was named as the first ever male spokesperson for the brand. In September 2017, Ayesha Curry was added as a spokesperson for the brand. She
9310-444: Was considered a strategic Union victory and a turning point of the war. A new state constitution in 1864 abolished slavery and Maryland was first recognized as a "Free State" in that context. Following passage of constitutional amendments that granted voting rights to freedmen , in 1867 the state extended suffrage to non-white males. The Democratic Party rapidly regained power in the state from Republicans . Democrats replaced
9408-617: Was one of the thirteen colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution . Near the end of the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), on February 2, 1781, Maryland became the last and 13th state to approve the ratification of the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union , first proposed in 1776 and adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1778, which brought into being
9506-603: Was preparing a case study on Banks's company, Bankable Productions , for use in future coursework in the OPM program. Banks established the TZONE program, which aimed at leadership and life skills development. She has also established the Tyra Banks Scholarship , a fund aimed at providing African-American girls the opportunity to attend her alma mater, Immaculate Heart High School . In 2005, TZONE transformed from
9604-411: Was the co-creator of True Beauty (2009–2010), and had her own television talk show, The Tyra Banks Show (2005–2010), which aired on The CW and won two Daytime Emmy awards for Outstanding Talk Show Informative. In 2015, she co-hosted the talk show FABLife for two months. In 2017, Banks was the host of America's Got Talent for its 12th season . In 2020, she was the host of Dancing with
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