Iran ( Persia )
77-681: The Himalayan (short for Himalayan Persian , or Colourpoint Persian as it is commonly referred to in Europe), is a breed or sub-breed of long-haired cat similar in type to the Persian , with the exception of its blue eyes and its point colouration , which were derived from crossing the Persian with the Siamese . Some registries may classify the Himalayan as a long-haired sub-breed of Siamese, or
154-666: A family that had a common ancestor about 10 to 15 million years ago . The evolutionary radiation of the Felidae began in Asia during the Miocene around 8.38 to 14.45 million years ago . Analysis of mitochondrial DNA of all Felidae species indicates a radiation at 6.46 to 16.76 million years ago . The genus Felis genetically diverged from other Felidae around 6 to 7 million years ago . Results of phylogenetic research shows that
231-464: A nictitating membrane , allowing them to blink without hindering their vision. The domestic cat's hearing is most acute in the range of 500 Hz to 32 kHz. It can detect an extremely broad range of frequencies ranging from 55 Hz to 79 kHz, whereas humans can only detect frequencies between 20 Hz and 20 kHz. It can hear a range of 10.5 octaves , while humans and dogs can hear ranges of about 9 octaves. Its hearing sensitivity
308-520: A "diagonal" gait: The diagonally opposite hind and fore legs move simultaneously. Cats are generally fond of sitting in high places or perching . A higher place may serve as a concealed site from which to hunt; domestic cats strike prey by pouncing from a perch such as a tree branch. Another possible explanation is that height gives the cat a better observation point, allowing it to survey its territory. A cat falling from heights of up to 3 m (9.8 ft) can right itself and land on its paws. During
385-628: A Russian live vaccine (LFT 130) and later on a Czechoslovakian live vaccine against bovine ringworm has been used. In Scandinavian countries vaccination programmes against ringworm are used as a preventive measure to improve the hide quality. In Russia, fur-bearing animals (silver fox, foxes, polar foxes) and rabbits have also been treated with vaccines. Antifungal treatments include topical agents such as miconazole , terbinafine , clotrimazole , ketoconazole , or tolnaftate applied twice daily until symptoms resolve — usually within one or two weeks. Topical treatments should then be continued for
462-507: A cat's pupils expand to cover most of the exposed surface of its eyes. The domestic cat has rather poor color vision and only two types of cone cells , optimized for sensitivity to blue and yellowish green; its ability to distinguish between red and green is limited. A response to middle wavelengths from a system other than the rod cells might be due to a third type of cone. This appears to be an adaptation to low light levels rather than representing true trichromatic vision. Cats also have
539-605: A colorpoint sub-breed of Persian. The World Cat Federation has merged them with the Colorpoint Shorthair and Javanese into a single breed, the Colorpoint . Work to formally establish a breed with combined Persian and Siamese traits, explicitly for the cat fancy , began in the United States in the 1930s at Harvard University , under the term Siamese–Persian , and the results were published in
616-592: A cosegregation between the ASIP allele and coat black coloration. Cats have excellent night vision and can see at one sixth the light level required for human vision. This is partly the result of cat eyes having a tapetum lucidum , which reflects any light that passes through the retina back into the eye, thereby increasing the eye's sensitivity to dim light. Large pupils are an adaptation to dim light. The domestic cat has slit pupils , which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration . At low light,
693-430: A fall from a high place, a cat reflexively twists its body and rights itself to land on its feet using its acute sense of balance and flexibility. This reflex is known as the cat righting reflex . A cat always rights itself in the same way during a fall, if it has enough time to do so, which is the case in falls of 90 cm (3.0 ft) or more. How cats are able to right themselves when falling has been investigated as
770-495: A fresh kill; some cats reject cold food (which would signal to the cat that the "prey" item is long dead and therefore possibly toxic or decomposing). To aid with navigation and sensation, cats have dozens of movable whiskers (vibrissae) over their body, especially their faces. These provide information on the width of gaps and on the location of objects in the dark, both by touching objects directly and by sensing air currents; they also trigger protective blink reflexes to protect
847-459: A further 7 days after resolution of visible symptoms to prevent recurrence. The total duration of treatment is therefore generally two weeks, but may be as long as three. In more severe cases or scalp ringworm, systemic treatment with oral medications (such as itraconazole , terbinafine , and ketoconazole ) may be given. To prevent spreading the infection, lesions should not be touched, and good hygiene maintained with washing of hands and
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#1732797988829924-459: A hereditary condition that results in cysts growing in the kidney. Himalayans have a higher incidence of feline asthma . In a review of over 5,000 cases of urate urolithiasis the Himalayan was under-represented, with an odds ratio of 0.37. A study of cats presented to the University of Missouri-Columbia Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital that underwent radiography found 4 Himalayans out of
1001-710: A large surface of olfactory mucosa , about 5.8 cm (0.90 in ) in area, which is about twice that of humans. Cats and many other animals have a Jacobson's organ in their mouths that is used in the behavioral process of flehmening . It allows them to sense certain aromas in a way that humans cannot. Cats are sensitive to pheromones such as 3-mercapto-3-methylbutan-1-ol , which they use to communicate through urine spraying and marking with scent glands . Many cats also respond strongly to plants that contain nepetalactone , especially catnip , as they can detect that substance at less than one part per billion. About 70–80% of cats are affected by nepetalactone. This response
1078-403: A major reservoir in rodents , but can also infect pet rabbits , dogs, and horses. M. gypseum is a soil organism and is often contracted from gardens and other such places. Besides humans, it may infect rodents, dogs, cats, horses, cattle, and swine . Treatment requires both systemic oral treatment with most of the same drugs used in humans—terbinafine, fluconazole, or itraconazole—as well as
1155-466: A population of 16 to have hip dysplasia, higher than the 6.6% average for all cats. Himalayans are predisposed to dermatophytosis (ringworm). The Himalayan is predisposed to urticaria pigmentosa , a type of benign mast cell disorder . Idiopathic facial dermatitis, also known as facial dermatitis of the Persian and Himalayan cat is a type of dermatitis only observed in the Persian and Himalayan cat. It's characterised by greasy skin, debris adhering to
1232-453: A skin scraping under a microscope . Prevention is by keeping the skin dry, not walking barefoot in public, and not sharing personal items. Treatment is typically with antifungal creams such as clotrimazole or miconazole . If the scalp is involved, antifungals by mouth such as fluconazole may be needed. Dermatophytosis has spread globally, and up to 20% of the world's population may be infected by it at any given time. Infections of
1309-437: A thicker protective layer of enamel , a less damaging saliva, less retention of food particles between teeth, and a diet mostly devoid of sugar. Nonetheless, they are subject to occasional tooth loss and infection. Cats have protractible and retractable claws. In their normal, relaxed position, the claws are sheathed with the skin and fur around the paw's toe pads. This keeps the claws sharp by preventing wear from contact with
1386-442: A topical "dip" therapy. Because of the usually longer hair shafts in pets compared to those of humans, the area of infection and possibly all of the longer hair of the pet must be clipped to decrease the load of fungal spores clinging to the pet's hair shafts. However, close shaving is usually not done because nicking the skin facilitates further skin infection. Twice-weekly bathing of the pet with diluted lime sulfur dip solution
1463-514: A variable number of caudal vertebrae in the tail (humans have only three to five vestigial caudal vertebrae, fused into an internal coccyx ). The extra lumbar and thoracic vertebrae account for the cat's spinal mobility and flexibility. Attached to the spine are 13 ribs, the shoulder, and the pelvis . Unlike human arms, cat forelimbs are attached to the shoulder by free-floating clavicle bones which allow them to pass their body through any space into which they can fit their head. The cat skull
1540-511: Is digitigrade . It walks on the toes, with the bones of the feet making up the lower part of the visible leg. Unlike most mammals, it uses a "pacing" gait and moves both legs on one side of the body before the legs on the other side. It registers directly by placing each hind paw close to the track of the corresponding fore paw, minimizing noise and visible tracks. This also provides sure footing for hind paws when navigating rough terrain. As it speeds up from walking to trotting, its gait changes to
1617-496: Is proximal to the other claws. More proximally is a protrusion which appears to be a sixth "finger". This special feature of the front paws on the inside of the wrists has no function in normal walking but is thought to be an antiskidding device used while jumping. Some cat breeds are prone to having extra digits (" polydactyly "). Polydactylous cats occur along North America's northeast coast and in Great Britain. The cat
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#17327979888291694-489: Is a social species , but a solitary hunter and a crepuscular predator . Cat communication includes vocalizations—including meowing , purring , trilling, hissing , growling , and grunting —as well as body language . It can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears , such as those made by small mammals . It secretes and perceives pheromones . Female domestic cats can have kittens from spring to late autumn in temperate zones and throughout
1771-571: Is also possible, producing hybrids such as the Kellas cat in Scotland . Development of cat breeds started in the mid 19th century. An analysis of the domestic cat genome revealed that the ancestral wildcat genome was significantly altered in the process of domestication, as specific mutations were selected to develop cat breeds. Most breeds are founded on random-bred domestic cats. Genetic diversity of these breeds varies between regions, and
1848-669: Is also produced by other plants, such as silver vine ( Actinidia polygama ) and the herb valerian ; it may be caused by the smell of these plants mimicking a pheromone and stimulating cats' social or sexual behaviors. Cats have relatively few taste buds compared to humans (470 or so, compared to more than 9,000 on the human tongue). Domestic and wild cats share a taste receptor gene mutation that keeps their sweet taste buds from binding to sugary molecules, leaving them with no ability to taste sweetness . They, however, possess taste bud receptors specialized for acids , amino acids like protein, and bitter tastes. Their taste buds possess
1925-471: Is an ultraviolet light with a magnifying lens. Only 50% of M. canis will show up as an apple-green fluorescence on hair shafts, under the UV light. The other fungi do not show. The fluorescent material is not the fungus itself (which does not fluoresce), but rather an excretory product of the fungus which sticks to hairs. Infected skin does not fluoresce. Microscopic test: The veterinarian takes hairs from around
2002-459: Is attested from the 16th century and may have been introduced from Dutch poes or from Low German puuskatte , related to Swedish kattepus , or Norwegian pus , pusekatt . Similar forms exist in Lithuanian puižė and Irish puisín or puiscín . The etymology of this word is unknown, but it may have arisen from a sound used to attract a cat. A male cat
2079-584: Is between 36.6 and 78.4% depending on the area, clinical subtype, and dermatophyte isolate. Individuals ages 21–40 years are most commonly affected. A 2002 study looking at 445 samples of dermatophytes in patients in Goiânia, Brazil found the most prevalent type to be Trichophyton rubrum (49.4%), followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (30.8%), and Microsporum canis (12.6%). A 2013 study looking at 5,175 samples of Tinea in patients in Tehran, Iran found
2156-400: Is called a tom or tomcat (or a gib , if neutered ). A female is called a queen (or sometimes a molly , if spayed ). A juvenile cat is referred to as a kitten . In Early Modern English , the word kitten was interchangeable with the now-obsolete word catling . A group of cats can be referred to as a clowder , a glaring , or a colony . The scientific name Felis catus
2233-484: Is effective in eradicating fungal spores. This must continue for 3 to 8 weeks. Washing of household hard surfaces with 1:10 household sodium hypochlorite bleach solution is effective in killing spores, but it is too irritating to be used directly on hair and skin. Pet hair must be rigorously removed from all household surfaces, and then the vacuum cleaner bag, and perhaps even the vacuum cleaner itself, discarded when this has been done repeatedly. Removal of all hair
2310-463: Is enhanced by its large movable outer ears, the pinnae , which amplify sounds and help detect the location of a noise. It can detect ultrasound , which enables it to detect ultrasonic calls made by rodent prey. Recent research has shown that cats have socio-spatial cognitive abilities to create mental maps of owners' locations based on hearing owners' voices. Cats have an acute sense of smell, due in part to their well-developed olfactory bulb and
2387-499: Is important, since spores may survive 12 months or even as long as two years on hair clinging to surfaces. In bovines , an infestation is difficult to cure, as systemic treatment is uneconomical. Local treatment with iodine compounds is time-consuming, as it needs scraping of crusty lesions. Moreover, it must be carefully conducted using gloves , lest the worker become infested. Worldwide, superficial fungal infections caused by dermatophytes are estimated to infect around 20-25% of
Himalayan cat - Misplaced Pages Continue
2464-719: Is lowest in purebred populations, which show more than 20 deleterious genetic disorders . The domestic cat has a smaller skull and shorter bones than the European wildcat . It averages about 46 cm (18 in) in head-to-body length and 23–25 cm (9.1–9.8 in) in height, with about 30 cm (12 in) long tails. Males are larger than females. Adult domestic cats typically weigh 4–5 kg (8.8–11.0 lb). Cats have seven cervical vertebrae (as do most mammals ); 13 thoracic vertebrae (humans have 12); seven lumbar vertebrae (humans have five); three sacral vertebrae (as do most mammals, but humans have five); and
2541-406: Is quite flexible and varied but being low-light predators, they are generally crepuscular , which means they tend to be more active near dawn and dusk. However, house cats' behavior is also influenced by human activity and they may adapt to their owners' sleeping patterns to some extent. Dermatophytosis Dermatophytosis , also known as tinea and ringworm , is a fungal infection of
2618-409: Is truly specific to the fungus. Similar patches may result from allergies , sarcoptic mange , and other conditions. Three species of fungi cause 95% of dermatophytosis in pets: these are Microsporum canis , Microsporum gypseum , and Trichophyton mentagrophytes . Veterinarians have several tests to identify ringworm infection and identify the fungal species that cause it: Woods test: This
2695-482: Is unusual among mammals in having very large eye sockets and a powerful specialized jaw. Within the jaw, cats have teeth adapted for killing prey and tearing meat. When it overpowers its prey, a cat delivers a lethal neck bite with its two long canine teeth , inserting them between two of the prey's vertebrae and severing its spinal cord , causing irreversible paralysis and death. Compared to other felines, domestic cats have narrowly spaced canine teeth relative to
2772-726: The Journal of Heredity in 1936, but were not adopted as a recognized breed by any major fancier groups at the time. Brian Sterling-Webb independently developed the cross-breed over a period of ten years in the UK, and in 1955 it was recognized there as the Longhaired Colourpoint by the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF). California cat breeder Jean Mill took a series of graduate classes in genetics at
2849-461: The Trichophyton , Microsporum , or Epidermophyton type. Risk factors include using public showers, contact sports such as wrestling , excessive sweating, contact with animals, obesity , and poor immune function . Ringworm can spread from other animals or between people. Diagnosis is often based on the appearance and symptoms. It may be confirmed by either culturing or looking at
2926-667: The University of California, Davis . By 1948, she was one of three breeders independently crossing the Persian and Siamese to create the Himalayan cat. Separate US-based breeding efforts had begun around 1950, and a breeder known to sources simply as Mrs. Goforth received breed recognition from the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) near the end of 1957 for the Himalayan . Early breeders were mostly interested in adding Siamese colouration to long-haired cats, and therefore reinforced
3003-536: The domestication of the cat occurred in the Near East around 7500 BC . It is commonly kept as a pet and farm cat , but also ranges freely as a feral cat avoiding human contact. Valued by humans for companionship and its ability to kill vermin , the cat's retractable claws are adapted to killing small prey like mice and rats . It has a strong, flexible body, quick reflexes , and sharp teeth, and its night vision and sense of smell are well developed. It
3080-457: The holotype of the Cretaceous eutriconodont mammal Spinolestes , suggesting a Mesozoic origin for this disease. Ringworm in pets may often be asymptomatic, resulting in a carrier condition which infects other pets. In some cases, the disease only appears when the animal develops an immunodeficiency condition. Circular bare patches on the skin suggest the diagnosis, but no lesion
3157-505: The scalp was treated with X-rays and followed up with antifungal medication. Another treatment from around the same time was application of Araroba powder . The most common term for the infection, "ringworm", is a misnomer , since the condition is caused by fungi of several different species and not by parasitic worms . Ringworm caused by Trichophyton verrucosum is a frequent clinical condition in cattle . Young animals are more frequently affected. The lesions are located on
Himalayan cat - Misplaced Pages Continue
3234-448: The skin (a dermatomycosis ), that may affect skin, hair, and nails. Typically it results in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash. Hair loss may occur in the area affected. Symptoms begin four to fourteen days after exposure. The types of dermatophytosis are typically named for area of the body that they affect. Multiple areas can be affected at a given time. About 40 types of fungus can cause dermatophytosis. They are typically of
3311-481: The " falling cat problem ". The cat family (Felidae) can pass down many colors and patterns to their offspring. The domestic cat genes MC1R and ASIP allow color variety in their coats. The feline ASIP gene consists of three coding exons. Three novel microsatellite markers linked to ASIP were isolated from a domestic cat BAC clone containing this gene to perform linkage analysis on 89 domestic cats segregated for melanism . The domestic cat family demonstrated
3388-622: The "old" or Siamese-like specimens. The Himalayan is considered a colour variant of the Persian and not a separate breed by the Cat Fanciers' Association and the GCCF. The Himalayan is considered a separate breed by the American Cat Fanciers Association and The International Cat Association . The Himalayan resembles the Persian in type, conformation, and coat length and texture. The Himalayan does not resemble
3465-490: The Siamese in type. The Himalayan is medium to large in size with a cobby body and low legs. The Himalayan's head is round and massive with a round face and a thick neck. The nose is snubbed and pushed in. The ears of the Himalayan are small and round tipped and slightly pointed forward. The eyes are large and round and spread well apart. Pointed Himalayans have blue eyes, non-pointed Himalayans have copper eyes except for
3542-700: The beginning of the 1st century AD. By the end of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, the Egyptian domestic cat lineage had arrived in a Baltic Sea port in northern Germany . The leopard cat ( Prionailurus bengalensis ) was tamed independently in China around 5500 BC. This line of partially domesticated cats leaves no trace in the domestic cat populations of today. During domestication, cats have undergone only minor changes in anatomy and behavior, and they are still capable of surviving in
3619-501: The body. Misdiagnosis and treatment of ringworm with a topical steroid , a standard treatment of the superficially similar pityriasis rosea , can result in tinea incognito , a condition where ringworm fungus grows without typical features, such as a distinctive raised border. Dermatophytosis has been prevalent since before 1906, at which time ringworm was treated with compounds of mercury or sometimes sulfur or iodine . Hairy areas of skin were considered too difficult to treat, so
3696-624: The cat and other wild mammals to the island from the Middle Eastern mainland. Scientists therefore assume that African wildcats were attracted to early human settlements in the Fertile Crescent by rodents, in particular the house mouse ( Mus musculus ), and were tamed by Neolithic farmers. This mutual relationship between early farmers and tamed cats lasted thousands of years. As agricultural practices spread, so did tame and domesticated cats. Wildcats of Egypt contributed to
3773-511: The extinction of bird , mammal , and reptile species. As of 2017, the domestic cat was the second most popular pet in the United States, with 95.6 million cats owned and around 42 million households owning at least one cat. In the United Kingdom, 26% of adults have a cat, with an estimated population of 10.9 million pet cats as of 2020. As of 2021, there were an estimated 220 million owned and 480 million stray cats in
3850-407: The eyes from damage. Outdoor cats are active both day and night, although they tend to be slightly more active at night. Domestic cats spend the majority of their time in the vicinity of their homes but can range many hundreds of meters from this central point. They establish territories that vary considerably in size, in one study ranging 7–28 ha (17–69 acres). The timing of cats' activity
3927-443: The folds of the face and nose, ceruminous otitis externa , secondary bacterial folliculitis and Malassezia dermatitis, and pruritus . Onset is at 10 months to 6 years. Cat The cat ( Felis catus ), also referred to as domestic cat or house cat , is a small domesticated carnivorous mammal. It is the only domesticated species of the family Felidae . Advances in archaeology and genetics have shown that
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#17327979888294004-423: The groin are more common in males, while infections of the scalp and body occur equally in both sexes. Infections of the scalp are most common in children while infections of the groin are most common in the elderly. Descriptions of ringworm date back to ancient history . A number of different species of fungus are involved in dermatophytosis. Dermatophytes of the genera Trichophyton and Microsporum are
4081-483: The ground and allows for the silent stalking of prey. The claws on the forefeet are typically sharper than those on the hindfeet. Cats can voluntarily extend their claws on one or more paws. They may extend their claws in hunting or self-defense, climbing, kneading , or for extra traction on soft surfaces. Cats shed the outside layer of their claw sheaths when scratching rough surfaces. Most cats have five claws on their front paws and four on their rear paws. The dewclaw
4158-413: The head, neck, tail, and perineum . The typical lesion is a round, whitish crust. Multiple lesions may coalesce in "map-like" appearance. Clinical dermatophytosis is also diagnosed in sheep , dogs , cats , and horses . Causative agents, besides Trichophyton verrucosum, are T. mentagrophytes , T. equinum , Microsporum gypseum , M. canis , and M. nanum . Dermatophytosis may also be present in
4235-411: The high IMP and free l-Histidine contents of tuna, which produces a strong umami taste synergy that is highly preferred by cats". One of the researchers in this research has stated, "I think umami is as important for cats as sweet is for humans". Cats also have a distinct temperature preference for their food, preferring food with a temperature around 38 °C (100 °F) which is similar to that of
4312-511: The history, physical examination, and potassium hydroxide (KOH) microscopy. Advice often given includes: As of 2016, no approved human vaccine exist against dermatophytosis. For horses , dogs and cats there is available an approved inactivated vaccine called Insol Dermatophyton ( Boehringer Ingelheim ) which provides time-limited protection against several trichophyton and microsporum fungal strains. With cattle, systemic vaccination has achieved effective control of ringworm. Since 1979
4389-403: The infected area and places them in a staining solution to view under the microscope. Fungal spores may be viewed directly on hair shafts. This technique identifies a fungal infection in about 40%–70% of the infections, but cannot identify the species of dermatophyte. Culture test: This is the most effective, but also the most time-consuming, way to determine if ringworm is on a pet. In this test,
4466-634: The maternal gene pool of the domestic cat at a later time. The earliest known evidence for the occurrence of the domestic cat in Greece dates to around 1200 BC. Greek, Phoenician , Carthaginian and Etruscan traders introduced domestic cats to southern Europe. By the 5th century BC, they were familiar animals around settlements in Magna Graecia and Etruria . During the Roman Empire , they were introduced to Corsica and Sardinia before
4543-602: The modern domesticated subspecies F. silvestris catus sampled worldwide was considered to have likely descended from the African wildcat ( F. lybica ), following results of phylogenetic research. In 2017, the IUCN Cat Classification Taskforce followed the recommendation of the ICZN in regarding the domestic cat as a distinct species, Felis catus . The domestic cat is a member of the Felidae,
4620-413: The most common causative agents. These fungi attack various parts of the body and lead to the conditions listed below. The Latin names are for the conditions (disease patterns), not the agents that cause them. The disease patterns below identify the type of fungus that causes them only in the cases listed: Infections on the body may give rise to typical enlarging raised red rings of ringworm. Infection on
4697-661: The most common dermatophytosis found in humans across the world. Tinea capitis has a greater prevalence in children. The increasing prevalence of dermatophytes resulting in Tinea capitis has been causing epidemics throughout Europe and America. In pets, cats are the most affected by dermatophytosis. Pets are susceptible to dermatophytoses caused by Microsporum canis , Microsporum gypseum , and Trichophyton . For dermatophytosis in animals, risk factors depend on age, species, breed, underlying conditions, stress, grooming, and injuries. Numerous studies have found Tinea capitis to be
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#17327979888294774-541: The most prevalent dermatophyte to infect children across the continent of Africa. Dermatophytosis has been found to be most prevalent in children ages 4 to 11, infecting more males than females. Low socioeconomic status was found to be a risk factor for Tinea capitis . Throughout Africa, dermatophytoses are common in hot- humid climates and with areas of overpopulation. Chronicity is a common outcome for dermatophytosis in India. The prevalence of dermatophytosis in India
4851-418: The population and it is thought that dermatophytes infect 10-15% of the population during their lifetime. The highest incidence of superficial mycoses result from dermatophytoses which are most prevalent in tropical regions. Onychomycosis, a common infection caused by dermatophytes, is found with varying prevalence rates in many countries. Tinea pedis + onychomycosis, Tinea corporis , Tinea capitis are
4928-487: The receptors needed to detect umami . However, these receptors contain molecular changes that make cat taste umami different from that of humans. In humans, they detect the amino acids glutamic acid and aspartic acid , but in cats, they instead detect inosine monophosphate and l-Histidine . These molecules are particularly enriched in tuna . This, it has been argued, is why cats find tuna so palatable : as put by researchers into cat taste, "the specific combination of
5005-501: The silver and golden tabby which have green eyes. The Himalayan has a long and thick coat all over the body including the tail and ear and toe tufts. The Himalayan comes in most colours with prohibited colours being mink and sepia. Like the Persian, the Himalayan is a brachycephalic breed which predisposes it to health issues such as respiratory infections, epiphora , corneal abrasions, ulcers, and corneal sequestration . Himalayans are also suspecitible to polycystic kidney disease ,
5082-518: The size of their jaw, which is an adaptation to their preferred prey of small rodents, which have small vertebrae. The premolar and first molar together compose the carnassial pair on each side of the mouth, which efficiently shears meat into small pieces, like a pair of scissors. These are vital in feeding, since cats' small molars cannot chew food effectively, and cats are largely incapable of mastication. Cats tend to have better teeth than most humans, with decay generally less likely because of
5159-682: The skin of the feet may cause athlete's foot and in the groin, jock itch . Involvement of the nails is termed onychomycosis . Animals including dogs and cats can also be affected by ringworm, and the disease can be transmitted between animals and humans, making it a zoonotic disease . Specific signs can be: Fungi thrive in moist, warm areas, such as locker rooms , tanning beds , swimming pools , and skin folds ; accordingly, those that cause dermatophytosis may be spread by using exercise machines that have not been disinfected after use, or by sharing towels, clothing, footwear, or hairbrushes. Dermatophyte infections can be readily diagnosed based on
5236-403: The stock by outbreeding to Persians only to retain the Persian trait dominance. However, by the 1960s, some were re-introducing Siamese stock and producing less "Persian-style" cats, In the 1980s, a concerted effort to re-establish the breed along more formally Persian lines ultimately caused the breed to be merged into Persian as a variant in some registries (e.g. in 1984 by CFA), and a decline in
5313-463: The two common species of Microspora , and typical microconidia in Trichophyton infections. Identifying the species of fungi involved in pet infections can be helpful in controlling the source of infection. M. canis , despite its name, occurs more commonly in domestic cats, and 98% of cat infections are with this organism. It can also infect dogs and humans, however. T. mentagrophytes has
5390-485: The veterinarian collects hairs from the pet, or else collects fungal spores from the pet's hair with a toothbrush, or other instrument, and inoculates fungal media for culture. These cultures can be brushed with transparent tape and then read by the veterinarian using a microscope, or can be sent to a pathological lab. The three common types of fungi which commonly cause pet ringworm can be identified by their characteristic spores. These are different-appearing macroconidia in
5467-862: The wild members of this genus evolved through sympatric or parapatric speciation , whereas the domestic cat evolved through artificial selection . The domestic cat and its closest wild ancestor are diploid and both possess 38 chromosomes and roughly 20,000 genes. Pantherinae other Felinae lineages Jungle cat ( F. chaus ) [REDACTED] Black-footed cat ( F. nigripes ) Sand cat ( F. margarita ) Chinese mountain cat ( F. bieti ) African wildcat ( F. lybica ) European wildcat ( F. silvestris ) [REDACTED] Domestic cat [REDACTED] Sand cat ( F. margarita ) Chinese mountain cat ( F. bieti ) European wildcat ( F. silvestris ) [REDACTED] Southern African wildcat (F. l. cafra) Asiatic wildcat (F. l. ornata) Near Eastern wildcat Domestic cat [REDACTED] It
5544-625: The wild. Several natural behaviors and characteristics of wildcats may have pre-adapted them for domestication as pets. These traits include their small size, social nature, obvious body language, love of play, and high intelligence. Since they practice rigorous grooming habits and have an instinctual drive to bury and hide their urine and feces, they are generally much less messy than other domesticated animals. Captive Leopardus cats may also display affectionate behavior toward humans but were not domesticated. House cats often mate with feral cats. Hybridization between domestic and other Felinae species
5621-548: The world. The origin of the English word cat , Old English catt , is thought to be the Late Latin word cattus , which was first used at the beginning of the 6th century. The Late Latin word may be derived from an unidentified African language . The Nubian word kaddîska 'wildcat' and Nobiin kadīs are possible sources or cognates. The forms might also have derived from an ancient Germanic word that
5698-403: The year in equatorial regions , with litter sizes often ranging from two to five kittens. Domestic cats are bred and shown at events as registered pedigreed cats , a hobby known as cat fancy . Animal population control of cats may be achieved by spaying and neutering , but their proliferation and the abandonment of pets has resulted in large numbers of feral cats worldwide, contributing to
5775-412: Was absorbed into Latin and then into Greek, Syriac, and Arabic. The word may be derived from Germanic and Northern European languages, and ultimately be borrowed from Uralic , cf. Northern Sámi gáđfi , 'female stoat ', and Hungarian hölgy , 'lady, female stoat'; from Proto-Uralic * käďwä , 'female (of a furred animal)'. The English puss , extended as pussy and pussycat ,
5852-519: Was long thought that the domestication of the cat began in ancient Egypt , where cats were venerated from around 3100 BC. However, the earliest known indication for the taming of an African wildcat was excavated close by a human Neolithic grave in Shillourokambos , southern Cyprus , dating to about 7500–7200 BC. Since there is no evidence of native mammalian fauna on Cyprus, the inhabitants of this Neolithic village most likely brought
5929-631: Was proposed by Carl Linnaeus in 1758 for a domestic cat. Felis catus domesticus was proposed by Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben in 1777. Felis daemon proposed by Konstantin Satunin in 1904 was a black cat from the Transcaucasus , later identified as a domestic cat. In 2003, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature ruled that the domestic cat is a distinct species, namely Felis catus . In 2007,
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