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57-462: In Bangladesh Armed Forces and Bangladesh Marine Academy commandant is not any rank. It is an appointment. The commandant serves as the head of any military or merchant navy training institutes or unit. Commandant is the normal Canadian French -language term for the commanding officer of a mid-sized unit, such as a regiment or battalion, within the Canadian Forces . In smaller units,

114-499: A British training team still oversaw the Kenyan Army for most of the decade. More significantly, an informal defence arrangement with Britain reassured Kenyatta that he could rely on direct British military support in the event of an army mutiny or attempted coup.' Within months of British Brigadier A.J. Hardy leaving the post of Commander Kenya Army and handing over to Brigadier Joseph Ndolo on 1 December 1966, British influence

171-516: A Commandant ( Afrikaans : Kommandant ) was initially a crown over a five-pointed star. In 1957 the crown was replaced by a pentagonal castle device based on the floor plan of the Castle of Good Hope in Cape Town , South Africa's oldest military building. In 1994, the rank of Commandant / Kommandant reverted to lieutenant colonel. From 1968 to 1970, a related rank, Chief Commandant , existed in

228-547: A mortar battery; one air defence battalion; and one engineer brigade with two engineer battalions (IISS MB 2020, p. 483). The Kenya Air Force was formed on 1 June 1964, soon after independence, with the assistance of the United Kingdom. After a failed coup by a group of Air Force officers on 1 August 1982, the Air Force was disbanded. Air Force activity was reconstituted and placed under tighter army control as

285-636: A new Kenya Navy . They would also provide RAF and Army units to support internal security in the north-east. Significant military loans would be cancelled, and much military property made over to the Kenyan Government. In return, British aircraft would be able to transit through Kenya, RN ships of the Far East Fleet and other units could visit Mombasa , communications facilities could be used until 1966, and troops could exercise in Kenya twice

342-688: A person could act as a Commandment of the Justices - an officer-in-charge. Colonel-commandant was an appointment which existed in the British Army between 1922 and 1928, and in the Royal Marines from 1755 to some time after World War II . It replaced brigadier-general in the army, and was itself replaced by brigadier in both the army and the Marines. The colonel-commandant is also the ceremonial head of some Army corps and this position

399-512: A politically neutral establishment has been undermined by irrefutable evidence of tribal favouritism in the appointment of key posts. In the military (and also the Police and GSU), there is a virtual monopoly of President Moi's ethnic group, the Kalenjin , in the top brass. Of 18 military generals, at least a third are Kalenjin; of 20 brigadiers, 7 are Kalenjin—an ethnic group that accounts for only

456-678: A replacement after dismissal. There are currently two Commandant appointments that exist in the Philippines namely: The Commandant of the Philippine Marine Corps will be promoted to the rank of Major General (Two-star Rank) once appointed while the Commandant of the Philippine Coast Guard will be promoted to the rank of an Admiral (Four-star Rank). In South Africa, Commandant was the title of

513-568: A response to the growing number of Shifta ambushes. Also dispatched were additional police and the General Service Unit . The Shifta were lightly loaded and very mobile, and could draw on substantial support from the local Kenyan-Somali population. The army and police forcibly resettled the population into "new villages" and conducted sweeps to destroy the Shifta beyond, including making mortar attacks on assumed Shifta positions. On

570-662: A tenth of Kenya's population. This obviously works to the disadvantage, especially, of the Kikuyu and the Luo ." From the 1990s the Kenya Army became involved in United Nations peacekeeping operations, which, Hornsby says, 'offered both experience and a source of income for the army and its soldiers.' (The United Nations reimburses troop contributing countries for each soldier contributed.) Kenya's first peacekeeping deployment

627-806: A weekend preparatory meeting between Kenyan and Somali military officials in the town of Dhobley , Kenya Army units crossed the border to begin Operation Linda Nchi attacking the Al-Shabaab insurgents in southern Somalia . Kenya had coordinated with the transitional government in Mogadishu, and with the Somali militias in the border areas, but the drive on Kismayu was run by the KDF. In early June 2012, Kenyan forces were formally integrated into AMISOM . As of August 2012 Major General Maurice Oyugi

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684-515: A year. Army training deployments have continued up until 2015, as of 2015 supervised by British Army Training Unit Kenya . Timothy Parsons wrote in 2002–03: '..Kenyatta did not have to worry about the political reliability of the Kenyan Army because expatriate senior British military advisors ran it along KAR lines throughout the 1960s. Following the lessons of the Lanet protects , African officers assumed operational command of all major units, but

741-644: Is an NPCC officer. This Area Commandant is also usually an Officer from one of the units in the area that he/she is taking charge of. In Sri Lanka, the Commandant of the Volunteer Force is the head of the Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force . Commandant is also the title used for the commanding officer ( one-star rank ) of military academies - Sri Lanka Military Academy , Naval and Maritime Academy and Air Force Academy - and

798-522: Is done on yearly basis. The President of Kenya is the commander-in-chief of the KDF, and the Chief of Defence Forces is the highest-ranking military officer, and the principal military adviser to the President of Kenya. The Defence Forces, like many Kenyan government institutions, has been tainted by corruption . Because the military have been traditionally cloaked by the blanket of "state security",

855-655: Is equivalent to Colonel/Captain/Group Captain, Commandant (Junior grade) is equivalent to Lieutenant Colonel/Commander/Wing Commander. In the State Armed Police Forces , a Commandant serves as the head of an armed police battalion . The rank of Commandant is equivalent to that of a Superintendent of Police (SP). In the Irish Army , commandant (Comdt; Irish : ceannfort ) is the equivalent of major in other armies. Irish Army commandants can sometimes be referred to as major if serving overseas under

912-696: Is not always Kommandant , if another crew member has a higher rank) or vessel (e.g. U-Boot -Kommandant). In contrast to the governor, the fortress commandant of the Imperial German Army or the Wehrmacht never had higher but only lower jurisdiction. When subordinate to a governor, his duties were limited to garrison duty. Subordinate to him was the Platzmajor . In the navy of the Bundeswehr , commandants, including former commandants, wear

969-617: Is now chief officer. In the Voluntary Aid Organisation in World War I , the chief officer of a military hospital or voluntary aid detachment (VAD), whether male or female, held the title of commandant. In the United States, "commandant" is an appointment, not a rank, and the following three appointments currently exist: Formerly, admirals were appointed as commandants of naval districts . The commandant

1026-713: Is regularly deployed in peacekeeping and warfighting missions, for example the counter-insurgency fight against Al-Shabaab in Somalia since 2011. The United Kingdom raised and maintained forces in Kenya Colony after it was established, eventually to become the King's African Rifles (KAR). The KAR fought during the two World Wars and in the Mau Mau Uprising . On the other side of the Mau Mau Uprising

1083-659: Is reported to house forces which are 'special'. By 2019–2020, the International Institute for Strategic Studies listed the army's formations as including one armoured brigade (one armoured reconnaissance battalion, two armoured battalions); one special operations battalion; one ranger battalion; one infantry brigade with three infantry battalions, and another infantry brigade with two infantry battalions; one independent infantry battalion; one air cavalry battalion [50 Air Cavalry Battalion]; one airborne battalion; one artillery brigade with two artillery battalions and

1140-811: Is the commanding officer of a corps or regiment. Commandant is the head of the Special Task Force of the Sri Lanka Police . In the British Armed Forces , a commandant is usually the commanding officer of a training establishment, such as the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst or the Royal Air Force College Cranwell . In early 19th century England, the term commandant was used interchangeably with commandment - i.e.,

1197-580: Is the second most senior officer (after the superintendent ) of United States Service academies , such as United States Military Academy , United States Naval Academy , and the United States Air Force Academy , equivalent to the dean of students at a civilian college. Commandant is also the title of the commanding officer of many units of the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command , including

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1254-529: Is usually held by a senior general. Commandant was also the appointment, equivalent to commodore , held by the director of the Women's Royal Naval Service between 1951 and 1993. In the Army Cadet Force , a colonel is customarily the most senior commissioned officer in charge of an ACF county. This rank is thus known as the commandant and their second-in-command (2IC) is the deputy commandant, who has

1311-652: The Army, the post of a commander of a medium size unit is referred to as the Commanding Officer (CO) while the smallest is Officer Commanding (OC). Example: In the Philippines , a Commandant is an appointment and not a rank but once selected, the appointee is promoted to the highest rank on the service. Commandants are appointed by the President of the Philippines either after the incumbent retires or as

1368-759: The Command and Staff College . The title could also be used for other non-deploying units such as the Services Corrective Establishment in Burnham, or depot-level engineering units. The equivalent term for operational units is 'commander', such as commander of the Joint Force Headquarters New Zealand. Under the 2010 creation of the Training and Education Directorate, an additional position of commandant

1425-628: The Commanding Officer of an armoured regiment or a Mechanized infantry regiment ( Mechanised Infantry Regiment , Brigade of The Guards ) is known as the Commandant. Commandant is a rank in the Central Armed Police Forces of India. It is equivalent to the rank of Colonel / Captain / Group Captain . In the Indian Coast Guard , ranks of Commandant and Commandant (Junior grade) exist. While Commandant

1482-626: The armed forces of the Republic of Kenya . They are made up of the Kenya Army , Kenya Navy , and Kenya Air Force . The current KDF was established, and its composition stipulated, in Article 241 of the 2010 Constitution of Kenya ; it is governed by the KDF Act of 2012. Its main mission is the defence and protection of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Kenya, recruitment to the KDF

1539-509: The 82 Air Force. The Air Force regained its independent status in 1994. The main airbase operating fighters is Laikipia Air Base in Nanyuki , while Moi Air Base in Eastleigh, Nairobi is the headquarters. Other bases include Wajir Air Base, Forward Operating Base (FOB) Mombasa ( Moi International Airport ), FOB Mandera, & FOB Nyeri (mainly helicopters/small planes). The Kenya Navy

1596-650: The Defence Staff was only filled again seven years later ( renamed the Chief of the General Staff - CGS) when Daniel arap Moi moved Lieutenant General Jackson Mulinge from Army Commander to CGS in November 1978. Mahamoud Mohamed succeeded Mulinge in 1986, and was CGS until 1996. Mohamed was succeeded by General Daudi Tonje , CGS 1996–2000. Women were first recruited into the armed forces in 1971, with

1653-520: The Women's Service Corps disbanded. In the early 21st century, the Ministry of State for Defence, just like that of Internal Security and Provincial Administration, is part of the presidential machinery. All but senior military officers are appointed, promoted, and, if necessary, removed by the military's personnel system. The president appoints and retires senior military officers. Under the authority of

1710-525: The aftermath of the mutiny and following courts-martial, the 11th Kenya Rifles was disbanded. A new battalion, 1st Kenya Rifles, was created entirely from 340 Lanet soldiers who had been cleared of participation in the mutiny by the Kenyan Criminal Investigations Division (CID). Hornsby writes that after the mutiny, '[Kenyatta] improved conditions, announced pay rises to the military, speeded Africanisation, and instructed

1767-588: The army included an air defense artillery, 20 Parachute Battalion, independent infantry, and the independent 50 Air Cavalry Battalion with 35 armed helicopters at Embakasi . In February 2014, the official Ministry of State for Defence listed the following Army formations and services: The Kenya Ranger Strike Force initiative began in 2006 with a request from the Ministry of Defence; creation of KRSF highlighted extensively in KMOD White Paper on Military Cooperation for 2011–2016. The total U.S. investment

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1824-579: The commander is usually known in French as the officier commandant . Conversely, in Canadian English , the word commandant is used exclusively for the commanding officers of military units that provide oversight and/or services to a resident population (such as a military school or college, a long-term health care facility or a detention facility. In the French Army and French Air Force ,

1881-827: The commander of a unit headquarters, who is usually responsible for administrative matters such as billeting and is called the headquarters commandant ; this may also be a duty assigned to a staff officer in large headquarters. Bangladesh Armed Forces Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.132 via cp1112 cp1112, Varnish XID 946979047 Upstream caches: cp1112 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 08:36:07 GMT Kenya Defence Forces The Kenya Defence Forces ( KDF ) ( Swahili : Majeshi ya Ulinzi ya Kenya , stylized as "KENYA ARMED FORCES" capitalized on its coat of arms ) are

1938-762: The commanding officer ( two-star rank ) of the Defence Services Command and Staff College . It is also the title of the de facto vice-chancellor of the General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University , usually an officer of two-star rank. Colonel-commandant is an honorary post in corps of the army and the Sri Lanka National Guard , similar to that of Colonel of the Regiment found in infantry regiments. The post of centre commandant

1995-573: The commanding officer of a commando (militia) unit in the 19th and early 20th centuries. During the First World War, Commandant was used as a title by officers commanding Defence Rifle Association units, also known as Burgher commandos. The commandos were militia units raised in emergencies and constituted the third line of defence after the Permanent Force and the part-time Active Citizen Force regiments. The commandant rank

2052-671: The commando forces. Recently, use of the term has followed the standard practice, i.e. the commanding officer of a training institute. In the New Zealand Defence Force , the term commandant is used for the senior officer (or commander) of garrisoned units that do not deploy and are not operational. This typically includes learning institutes such as the New Zealand Defence College , the New Zealand Cadet Force , and (formerly)

2109-544: The corruption has been less in public view, and thus less subject to public scrutiny and notoriety. But in 2010, credible claims of corruption were made with regard to recruitment, and procurement of Armoured Personnel Carriers. The decision on the Northrop F-5 "Tiger" aircraft procurement have been publicly questioned. In 2015, credible allegations were made that the KDF is involved with sugar smuggling from southern Somalia into Kenya, to avoid import dues. The KDF

2166-418: The establishment of the Women's Service Corps . The corps was initially made up of 150 women under Major Patricia Ineson of the British Women's Royal Army Corps , before she was replaced by Phyllis Ikua, formerly of the Kenya Prisons Service . Fatumah Ahmed joined the WSC in 1983. The South African Institute for Security Studies wrote when Moi was still in power: "the Kenyan armed forces' reputation as

2223-476: The evening of 24 January 1964, the failure of the Kenyan Prime Minister to appear on television, where 11th Kenya Rifles junior soldiers had been expecting a televised speech and hoping for a pay rise announcement, caused the men to mutiny. Parsons says it is possible that the speech was only broadcast on the radio in the Nakuru area where Lanet Barracks, home of the battalion, was located. Kenyatta's government held two separate courts-martial for 43 soldiers. In

2280-532: The field. They include the Naval War College , the USAF Air War College , the Army War College , the Marine Corps War College and the National War College . Commandant is the duty title for the commanding officer of the US Air Force Test Pilot School . Commandant is also the duty title of the senior enlisted leader of a Professional Military Education (PME) academy, such as the Airman Leadership School , Non-Commissioned Officer Academy, and Senior Non-Commissioned Officer Academy. The title may also be used for

2337-405: The intelligence services to infiltrate and watch the army for signs of disaffection.' Discussions began in March 1964 between Kenya and Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations Duncan Sandys on defence, and a formal agreement was signed on 3 June 1964. All British troops would leave by 12 December 1964, the British would assist the army, resource and train a new Kenya Air Force , and create

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2394-416: The new Kenyan army. They stayed on, administering the former KAR units as they developed more Kenyan characteristics. The Kenya Regiment composed of British settlers was disbanded. Between 1963 and 1967, Kenya fought the Shifta War against Somali residents who sought union with their kin in the Somali Republic to the north-east. In late 1963, 5th Kenya Rifles was sent to the North Eastern Province as

2451-554: The non-commissioned officer academies, whose commandants are typically command sergeants major. Commandant is also the title of the ranking officer in charge of each War college of the United States military, and is responsible for the administration, academic progress and success of the civilians and military officers assigned to the college. The commandant is a model for all personnel, a military academy graduate of impeccable character and bearing who has demonstrated accomplishment in both academic excellence and active military service in

2508-412: The president as Commander-in-Chief, the Minister of Defence presides over the National Defence Council. The Chief of General Staff is the tactical, operational and administrative head of the military. Under the 2010 constitution, the defence forces can no longer be deployed for combat operations within Kenya without the approval of Parliament. In the aftermath of the national elections of December 2007 and

2565-446: The rank of lieutenant colonel. In the Royal Air Force Air Cadets , the officer in charge of the organisation is given the title Commandant Air Cadets and holds the position for two years. Formerly, commandant was the usual title for the head of the Special Constabulary within a police force. In some forces, the title was chief commandant, with subordinate divisional or sub-divisional commandants. The standard title for this position

2622-399: The special commandant badge. When the commandant is active, it is worn on the right side of the chest above the breast pocket. Former commandants wear it on the left breast under the name tag. In Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria , Austria , Switzerland and South Tyrol , the head of the volunteer fire brigade is called the Kommandant . As such, he leads the fire brigade and is responsible for

2679-427: The term commandant is used as a rank equivalent to major (NATO rank code OF-3). However, in the French Navy commandant is the style, but not the rank, of the senior officers, specifically capitaine de corvette , capitaine de frégate and capitaine de vaisseau . In the German language , a military Kommandant is the commanding officer of a military installation (e.g. a fortress), vehicle, aircraft (the pilot

2736-400: The training and deployment of his local fire brigade. In his own local area, he leads the operations management of all fire brigades as long as this is not taken over by the higher-level operations management. In the Indian Armed Forces , 'Commandant' is not a rank but an appointment. Commandant is the title of the heads of the Training establishments. Examples include: In the Indian Army ,

2793-408: The umbrella of the United Nations or the European Union to alleviate misunderstanding. In the Kenya Defence Forces Commandant is an appointment. Commandant is the title of the head of the training institutions . Examples include: In the National Police Service , the title of Commandant is reserved for commanders of large training institutions or commanders of large independent units. As with

2850-416: The violence that subsequently engulfed the country, a commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission , commended its readiness and adjudged it to "have performed its duty well." Nevertheless, there have been serious allegations of human rights violations, most recently while conducting counter-insurgency operations in the Mt Elgon area and also in the district of Mandera central. In October 2011, following

2907-589: Was $ 40M. Leveraged IMET courses for Ranger and Ranger Instructor courses, Section 1206 funding to secure training and equipment, multiple Joint Combined Exchange and Training (JCET) events, and East African Regional Security Initiative (EARSI now PREACT) to fund training and equipment. The first class taught by all Kenya Army Ranger Instructors graduated on 18 March 2011. Kenya formed a Special Operations Regiment (Kenya) composed of 20th Parachute Battalion, 30th Special Operations Battalion and 40th Kenya Ranger Strike Force Battalion. Kabete Barracks off Waiyaki Way in Nairobi

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2964-462: Was equivalent to major or lieutenant-colonel, depending on the size of the commando. From 1950 to 1994 commandant (rank) was the rank equivalent of lieutenant colonel . and commander of a battalion . The rank was used by both the Army and the Air Force. The naval equivalent was commander ( Afrikaans : kommandeur ). The rank was not used by the South African Police , who continued with lieutenant colonel [luitenant-kolonel]. The rank insignia for

3021-415: Was established for the Training Institute to complement the commandant of the Defence College. In the National Police Cadet Corps (NPCC), the position of Commandant is given to a Singapore Police Force officer who heads NPCC. The Commandant is aided by his Assistant Commandants, who are NPCC officers. As NPCC units around Singapore are divided into 20 "areas", each area is headed by an Area Commandant who

3078-411: Was the army vice commander. The Kenya Defence Forces is composed of the Kenya Army, Kenya Air Force and Kenya Navy. As of 2006, the Kenya Army had five brigades: two infantry, one with three battalions and one with two battalions; the Kenya Army Armoured Brigade with three battalions; the Kenya Army Artillery Brigade with two battalions; and the Engineer Brigade with two battalions. In addition,

3135-488: Was the first Kenyan force raised by African themselves, the Kenya Land and Freedom Army . Kenya's independence on the midnight of 12 December 1963 was an enormous milestone. On independence, the Kenyan Parliament created the Kenya Military Forces (KMF) through the KMF Act 1963. Thus 3 KAR, 5 KAR, and 11 KAR became 3 Kenya Rifles, 5 Kenya Rifles, and 11 Kenya Rifles respectively. The new independence government retained senior British military officers as advisers and trainers to

3192-408: Was to the United Nations Iran–Iraq Military Observer Group to supervise the ceasefire; then UNTAG in Namibia. From 1989 to 2001, Kenyan troops took part in UNTAG, UNOSOM, UNPROFOR, UNCRO (Croatia), UNTAES, UNOMIL, UNPREDEP in Macedonia (1996–1999), MONUA in Angola (1997–1999), and UNTAET in East Timor (1999–2001). In 1999–2000, women were integrated into the regular units of the military, and

3249-448: Was underlined with the appointment of Major General Bernard Penfold as Chief of the Defence Staff , a new position as senior officer of the entire armed forces. Ndolo succeeded Penfold as Chief of Defence Staff in 1969, but was retired on 24 June 1971 after being implicated in a coup plot allegedly organised by Joseph Owino . The service chiefs thereafter reported directly to the Minister of Defence, James Gichuru . The post of Chief of

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