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50-508: A common stored value ticket was a plastic magnetically sensitive card used for paying fares on the MTR and KCR railway systems in Hong Kong from 1984 to 1999. It was also used on Citybus and Kowloon Motor Bus for some MTR and KCR feeder bus services and two branches of Café de Coral , these tickets however, could not be used for 1st class services or trips from or to Lo Wu station on

100-498: A contract with the US government for a security system. A number of International Organization for Standardization standards, ISO/IEC 7810 , ISO/IEC 7811 , ISO/IEC 7812 , ISO/IEC 7813 , ISO 8583 , and ISO/IEC 4909 , now define the physical properties of such cards, including size, flexibility, location of the magstripe, magnetic characteristics, and data formats. Those standards also specify characteristics for financial cards, including

150-488: A customer's Google Wallet for use at a compatible terminal. Google offers the technology free of charge through the Google Pay & Wallet Console. Each pass issuer is given a Collector ID to use to configure their compatible terminals. If multiple passes within a user's Wallet match a terminal's Collector ID, a carousel will appear when tapping, allowing the user to tap their device, swipe to the next pass, and then repeat

200-405: A debit card for virtually any purpose, including such things as renting a car. The Wallet Card was discontinued on June 30, 2016, and replaced with Android Pay . The original version of Google Wallet allowed users to make point-of-sale purchases with their mobile devices using near-field communication (NFC) technology. As of September 2015, however, Google dropped NFC from Google Wallet, offering

250-477: A larger ecosystem. They are presented below the user's payment cards and can be sorted manually. Developers must first be granted access to the Google Wallet API before they can author such items. Passes can be shared to other users via a link, so long as the issuer of said pass does not restrict its addition to more than one user's Wallet. In its simplest form, an interaction (or transaction) between

300-459: A list of the contact information and data which was to be encoded and embossed on the cards. Manufacturing involved attaching the magnetic stripe to the preprinted plastic cards using the hot stamping process developed by IBM. IBM's development work, begun in 1969 , but still needed more work. Steps required to convert the magnetic striped media into an industry acceptable device included: These steps were initially managed by Jerome Svigals of

350-612: A magnetic stripe reader, providing access to run privileged commands. Identification with a digital card is usually done in several ways: Google Wallet Google Wallet (or simply Wallet ) is a digital wallet platform developed by Google . It is available for the Android , Wear OS , and Fitbit OS operating systems, and was announced on May 11, 2022, at the 2022 Google I/O keynote. It began rolling out on Android smartphones on July 18, 2022. See also: Google Pay (payment method) The "Google Wallet" brand name

400-407: A new API that allows merchants to add the payment service to websites, apps, Stripe , Braintree , and Google Assistant . The service allows users to use the payment cards they have on file in their Google Account. In January 2022, Bloomberg News reported that the company was planning to transform Google Pay into a "comprehensive digital wallet", following the app's reported slow growth and

450-455: A newer generation of card that contain an integrated circuit . Some smart cards have metal contacts to electrically connect the card to the reader ; there are also contactless cards that use a magnetic field or radio frequency ( RFID ) for proximity reading. Hybrid smart cards include a magnetic stripe in addition to the chip—this combination is most commonly found in payment cards , to make them usable at payment terminals that do not include

500-623: A participating store. On September 18, 2017, Google launched a payments app in India known as Tez , utilizing the Unified Payments Interface (UPI). On August 28, 2018, Google rebranded Tez to Google Pay . On January 8, 2018, Google announced that Google Wallet would be merged into Android Pay, with the service as a whole rebranded as Google Pay. This merger extends the platform into web-based payments integrated into other Google and third-party services. It also took over

550-657: A pass and a system is facilitated by a 1D or 2D code, although it requires the customer to initiate the activity. Passes can also contain nothing but plain text or an image. In addition to retailer-specific passes, Google Wallet also supports contactless student IDs that can be added through the Transact eAccounts and CBORD GET Mobile applications. Government-issued IDs are also supported in five American states: Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, and Maryland. Google Wallet offers Smart Tap technology for use by developers and merchants that enables NFC passes to be stored within

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600-520: A plastic card in first place, although all of its merchants currently issue both plastic and digital cards. There are several virtual card issuing companies located in different geographical regions, such as Weel in Australia and Privacy in the USA. A magnetic stripe card is a type of card capable of storing data by storing it on magnetic material attached to a plastic card. A computer device can update

650-420: A reader. When switching devices or factory resetting, passes that are limited to one device have the potential to be lost, as Android/Wear OS does not automatically remove data from Wallet when the aforementioned processes are initiated. The user must remember to clear device-specific passes, such as transit cards, IDs, and keys, from their current devices. Google Wallet has a passes feature, which exists in

700-522: A recording density of 75 bits per inch (2.95 bits per mm). Each track can either contain 7-bit alphanumeric characters, or 5-bit numeric characters. Track 1 standards were created by the airlines industry (IATA) . Track 2 standards were created by the banking industry (ABA) . Track 3 standards were created by the thrift-savings industry. Magstripes following these specifications can typically be read by most point-of-sale hardware, which are simply general-purpose computers that have been programmed to perform

750-403: A related mobile app called Hands Free. In this system, the customer does not need to present a phone or card. Instead, a customer announces that they wish to "pay with Google" and give their initials to the cashier, who verifies their identity with a photo previously uploaded to the system. The customer's phone will only authorize payment if its geographic location system indicates that it is near

800-611: A smart card reader. Cards that contain all three features (magnetic stripe, smart card chip, and RFID chip) are also becoming common as more activities require the use of such cards. During DEF CON 24, Weston Hecker presented Hacking Hotel Keys, and Point Of Sales Systems. In the talk, Hecker described the way magnetic strip cards function and utilised spoofing software, and an Arduino to obtain administrative access from hotel keys, via service staff walking past him. Hecker claims he used administrative keys from POS systems on other systems, effectively providing access to any system with

850-477: A stored value of $ 212, while it still only cost $ 200 to purchase). To avoid the issue of making up fare for a trip with insufficient balance remaining on the ticket, it was stipulated that the last trip of the ticket was good for any distance on the railway, regardless of remaining balance on the ticket. Thus, it was possible to travel for the entire distance of the system with a common stored value ticket with ten Hong Kong cents (approximately US 1.5 cents) remaining on

900-539: Is as follows: Service code values common in financial cards: First digit Second digit Third digit The data stored on magnetic stripes on American and Canadian driver's licenses is specified by the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators . Not all states and provinces use a magnetic stripe on their driver's licenses. For a list of those that do, see the AAMVA list. The following data

950-401: Is recorded in each track, and use their own data sequences instead; these include hotel key cards, most subway and bus cards, and some national prepaid calling cards (such as for the country of Cyprus ) in which the balance is stored and maintained directly on the stripe and not retrieved from a remote database. There are up to three tracks on magnetic cards known as tracks 1, 2, and 3. Track 3

1000-427: Is stored on track 1: The following data is stored on track 2: The following data is stored on track 3: Note: Each state has a different selection of information they encode, not all states are the same. Note: Some states, such as Texas, have laws restricting the access and use of electronically readable information encoded on driver's licenses or identification cards under certain circumstances. Smart cards are

1050-519: Is the only track that may contain alphabetic text, and hence is the only track that contains the cardholder's name. Track 1 is written with code known as DEC SIXBIT plus odd parity . The information on track 1 on financial cards is contained in several formats: A , which is reserved for proprietary use of the card issuer, B , which is described below, C-M , which are reserved for use by ANSI Subcommittee X3B10 and N-Z , which are available for use by individual card issuers: Format B: This format

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1100-432: Is virtually unused by the major worldwide networks , and often is not even physically present on the card by virtue of a narrower magnetic stripe. Point-of-sale card readers almost always read track 1, or track 2, and sometimes both, in case one track is unreadable. The minimum cardholder account information needed to complete a transaction is present on both tracks. Track 1 has a higher bit density (210 bits per inch vs. 75),

1150-418: The 1950s. In 1969 an IBM engineer had the idea of attaching a piece of magnetic tape, the predominant storage medium at the time, to a plastic card base. He tried it, but the result was unsatisfactory. Strips of tape warped easily, and the tape's function was negatively affected by adhesives he used to attach it to the card. After a frustrating day in the laboratory trying to find an adhesive that would hold

1200-571: The Advanced Systems Division of IBM, Los Gatos, California , from 1966 to 1975. In most magnetic stripe cards, the magnetic stripe is contained in a plastic-like film. The magnetic stripe is located 0.223 inches (5.7 mm) from the edge of the card, and is 0.375 inches (9.5 mm) wide. The magnetic stripe contains three tracks, each 0.110 inches (2.8 mm) wide. Tracks one and three are typically recorded at 210 bits per inch (8.27 bits per mm), while track two typically has

1250-564: The Android device is locked, but the screen must be lit (Always On Display does not count.) This includes most compatible transit cards, loyalty passes, tickets, and campus IDs. However, government IDs can only be used when the device is unlocked. Only one class of NFC passes allows usage when the screen is unlit or the battery is depleted: car keys. Passes and cards stored in Wallet require varying levels of authentication in order to convey to

1300-916: The Google Pay service through their respective mobile banking apps. On June 30, 2022, it was announced at the Google for Mexico event that payment method Google Pay & the Google Wallet app would soon be available in Mexico. Google Wallet was introduced in India on 8 May 2024, albeit it will function in tandem with Google Pay mobile app, the main payment solution in the market. Google Wallet allows users to store items such as payment cards for use via Google Pay, as well as passes such as loyalty cards , digital keys , digital identification cards , transit passes , event tickets, and health passes. Digital car keys in Google Wallet can still be utilized when

1350-513: The KCR. The system was replaced by the Octopus card system in 1997 and phased out on 2 January 1999. The MTR and KCR have continued to issue magnetic strip cards for single-journey and souvenir tickets. To encourage use, fares had a discount when the trip was paid by this card. In addition, higher value tickets had bonus value stored when purchased. (For example, a $ 200 ticket bought in early 1990s had

1400-458: The Octopus card. This Hong Kong –related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Magnetic strip A smartphone or smartwatch can store content from the card issuer; discount offers and news updates can be transmitted wirelessly, via Internet . These virtual cards are used in very high volumes by the mass transit sector, replacing paper-based tickets and

1450-541: The Tez app on the Play Store, while the 2018 Google Pay app continued to co-exist as a separate, pre-installed app on Android smartphones. Google demonstrated the original version of the original Google Wallet app at a press conference on May 26, 2011. The first app was released in the US only on September 19, 2011. Initially, the app only supported Mastercard cards issued by Citibank . On May 15, 2013, Google announced

1500-558: The U.S. While the app name itself was changed from Google Pay to Google Wallet, the service name of actually paying for things online or in-store remains as "Google Pay." In its UK launch, Android Pay supported Mastercard , Visa , and debit cards from many of the UK's major financial institutions – including Bank of Scotland , First Direct , Halifax, HSBC , Lloyds Bank , M&S Bank , MBNA and Nationwide Building Society  – "with new banks being added all

1550-422: The allocation of card number ranges to different card issuing institutions. As technological progress emerged in the form of highly capable and always carried smartphones , handhelds and smartwatches , the term "digital card" was introduced. On May 26, 2011 Google released its own version of a cloud hosted Google Wallet which contains digital cards - cards that can be created online without having to have

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1600-495: The branding of Google Chrome 's autofill feature. Google Pay adopts the features of both Android Pay and Google Wallet through its in-store, peer-to-peer, and online payments services. The rebranding began to roll out as an update to the Android Pay app on February 20, 2018; the app was given an updated design and now displays a personalized list of nearby stores that support Google Pay. The rebranded service provided

1650-445: The card's content. The magnetic stripe is read by swiping it past a magnetic reading head . Magnetic stripe cards are commonly used in credit cards , identity cards , and transportation tickets. They may also contain a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag , a transponder device and/or a microchip mostly used for access control or electronic payment. Magnetic storage was known from World War II and computer data storage in

1700-463: The earlier magnetic strip cards. Magnetic recording on steel tape and wire was invented by Valdemar Poulsen in Denmark around 1900 for recording audio. In the 1950s, magnetic recording of digital computer data on plastic tape coated with iron oxide was invented. In 1960, IBM built upon the magnetic tape idea and developed a reliable way of securing magnetic stripes to plastic cards , as part of

1750-538: The implementation of magnetic card reader heads and firmware that can read a signature of magnetic noise permanently embedded in all magnetic stripes during the card production process. This signature can be used in conjunction with common two-factor authentication schemes utilized in ATM, debit/retail point-of-sale and prepaid card applications. Some types of cards intentionally ignore the ISO standards regarding which kind of data

1800-789: The integration of Google Wallet and Gmail , allowing users to send money through Gmail attachments. While Google Wallet was available only in the United States, the Gmail integration was made available in the U.S. and the United Kingdom. In 2015, a physical Google Wallet card was launched as an optional addition to the app, which allowed users to make purchases at point-of-sale (in stores or online) drawing from funds in their Google Wallet account, attached debit card account, or bank account. The card could also be used to withdraw cash at ATMs with no Google-associated fee, and could be used like

1850-664: The iron was just high enough to bond the tape to the card. Incremental improvements from 1969 through 1973 enabled developing and selling implementations of what became known as the Universal Product Code (UPC). This engineering effort resulted in IBM producing the first magnetic striped plastic credit and ID cards used by banks, insurance companies, hospitals and many others. Initial customers included banks, insurance companies and hospitals, who provided IBM with raw plastic cards preprinted with their logos, along with

1900-468: The license will enable Google to process payments, issue e-money, and handle electronic money wallets in the EU. On November 17, 2020, Google Pay was enabled by Mastercard in ten new European countries: Austria , Bulgaria , Estonia , Greece , Hungary , Latvia , Lithuania, Netherlands , Portugal , and Romania . Cardholders of participating Mastercard partner banks for these countries will be able to use

1950-505: The process until all desired passes are transmitted. This technology is currently used by a variety of businesses worldwide for a wide range of uses. Walt Disney World Resort (USA), Ticketmaster (USA & UK), and Pathé Cinémas (France) use it for ticketing. Redbox (USA), Nando's (UK & Ireland), and Woolworth's (Australia) use it for loyalty programs. And Anytime Fitness (Globally), Keepcool (France), & David Lloyd Clubs (UK) use it for memberships. Google Pay

2000-557: The required tasks. Examples of cards adhering to these standards include ATM cards , bank cards (credit and debit cards including Visa and MasterCard ), gift cards , loyalty cards , driver's licenses , telephone cards , membership cards , electronic benefit transfer cards (e.g. food stamps ), and nearly any application in which monetary value or secure information is not stored on the card itself. Many video game and amusement centers now use debit card systems based on magnetic stripe cards. Magnetic stripe cloning can be detected by

2050-1559: The screen is off or the battery is depleted. Although the Wear OS and Android versions of Wallet are currently fragmented, Google has stated that its "long-term goal is for feature parity on your watch and phone," though as of 2024, new features continue to be launched without parity on all platforms. At Google I/O 2024, Google announced that "expanded support for passes of all types" would be coming to Wear OS and Fitbit OS. Only for Pixel Watches , Galaxy Watch Ultra , and Galaxy Watch6 or later devices purchased in Japan. Only available in Brazil. Private passes are not supported. Smart Tap (NFC) passes only show their fallback QR code/barcode/number. Only for select devices, most notably Pixel Fold, Pixel 6, & Pixel 6a or later devices. For Wear OS: Only BMW & MINI keys are supported. Only for Pixel Watch 3. iPASS can only be stored on Xiaomi 14T/14T Pro. For Wear OS: Only SmarTrip, Clipper, ORCA, and PRESTO are supported. For Fitbit OS: iPASS can only be stored on Only for supported devices purchased in Japan. For Wear OS: Only for Suica on Pixel Watches and Galaxy Watch6 devices purchased in Japan. For Fitbit OS: Suica cards can be stored through Fitbit Wallet instead (Fitbit account region must be set to Japan.) Only for supported devices purchased in Japan. Most NFC passes can be transmitted when

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2100-402: The shutdown of Plex . In April, it was reported that Google was planning to revive the "Google Wallet" branding in a new app or interface, and integrated with Google Pay. Google officially announced Google Wallet on May 11, 2022, at the 2022 Google I/O keynote. The app began rolling out on Android smartphones on July 18, replacing the 2018 app and co-existing with the 2020 Google Pay app in

2150-452: The tape securely without affecting its function, he came home with several pieces of magnetic tape and several plastic cards. As he entered his home his wife was ironing clothing. When he explained the source of his frustration – inability to get the tape to "stick" to the plastic so that it would not come off, but without compromising its function – she suggested that he use the iron to melt the stripe on. He tried it and it worked. The heat of

2200-420: The technology only through Android Pay, which was a separate application available only to Android users. As a result, any gift cards, loyalty programs, and promotional offers stored in an older version of Google Wallet could no longer be used. Originally launched as Android Pay, the service was released at Google I/O 2015. Android Pay was a successor to and built on the base established by Google Wallet which

2250-452: The ticket to the user when the passenger enters and leaves the subway system, depending on how much money remains. If the entire value is used up, the ticket is confiscated. On 15 October 1984, KCR automated its ticketing system. The two companies jointly produced the common stored value ticket. On 31 August 1998, MTR and KCR announced that the tickets were no longer to be sold. On 2 January 1999, they were phased out entirely in favour of

2300-466: The ticket. There were four stored value ticket levels that were produced, Children (for children aged 3-11) which had a value of $ 20, Students (for students aged 12-25 who held valid student passes) which had a value of $ 30, Seniors (for people above 65) which had a value of $ 20 and Adults which had values of $ 50, $ 103 (sold for $ 100) and $ 212 (sold for $ 200). In 1981, MTR Corporation started using magnetic strip cards as tickets. The turnstile would return

2350-819: The time", according to Google. NatWest , RBS and Ulster Bank launched on September 14, 2016. On September 8, 2016, it was reported that UK banks TSB and Santander would be participating in the following weeks. Android Pay was launched in Singapore on June 28, 2016 and in Australia on July 14, 2016. Android Pay launched in Ireland on December 7, 2016, and was initially available to customers of AIB and KBC , having since been extended to Bank of Ireland and Ulster Bank . The service works with both credit and debit cards. On December 21, 2018, Google Payment obtained an e-money license in Lithuania  –

2400-489: Was developed by the banking industry (ABA). This track is written with a 5-bit scheme (4 data bits + 1 parity), which allows for sixteen possible characters, which are the numbers 0–9, plus the six characters  : ; < = > ?  . (It may seem odd that these particular punctuation symbols were selected, but by using them the set of sixteen characters matches the ASCII range 0x30 through 0x3f.) The data format

2450-529: Was first used for the company's mobile payment system of the same name , which was introduced in 2011 before being merged with Android Pay into a new app called Google Pay in 2018. The old Wallet app, with its functionality reduced to a peer-to-peer payments service , was rebranded Google Pay Send before it was discontinued as well in 2020. In 2020, the Google Pay app underwent an extensive redesign based on Google's India-focused Tez app, expanding into an all-encompassing personal finance app. This replaced

2500-549: Was released in 2011. It also used technology from the carrier-backed Softcard —Google had acquired its intellectual property in February 2015. At launch, the service was compatible with 70% of Android devices and was accepted at over 700,000 merchants. The old Google Wallet still powered web-based Play Store purchases and some app-based peer-to-peer payments. In 2016, Google began a public trial in Silicon Valley of

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