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86-554: It was sold and distributed widely and read aloud at taverns and meeting places. In proportion to the population of the colonies at that time (2.5 million), it had the largest sale and circulation of any book published in American history. As of 2006, it remains the all-time best-selling American title and is still in print today. Common Sense made public a persuasive and impassioned case for independence, which had not yet been given serious intellectual consideration in either Britain or

172-475: A "new edition." While Bell believed that the advertisement would convince Paine to retain his services, it had the opposite effect. Paine secured the assistance of the Bradford brothers, publishers of The Pennsylvania Evening Post , and released his new edition, featuring several appendices and additional writings. Bell began working on a second edition. This set off a month-long public debate between Bell and

258-608: A Continental Charter that would secure "freedom and property to all men, and… the free exercise of religion". The Continental Charter would also outline a new national government, which Paine thought would take the form of a Congress. During the American Revolutionary War , the British implemented several policies which allowed fugitive slaves fleeing from American enslavers to find refuge within British lines. Writing in response to these policies, Paine wrote in

344-721: A contraction of Dutch courante nouvellen , from French nouvelles courantes, indicating current news articles. However, this Gallicism was already current in the English world and more specifically in the early modern newspaper industry. A case in point is the New-England Courant (Boston), founded by James Franklin in 1721. Nancy Tracy of the Hartford Courant was a 1984 Pulitzer Prize Finalist in Feature Writing for her moving depiction of Meg Casey,

430-752: A crack-brained zealot for democracy or absolute monarchy , may be sometimes found." Loyalist officer James Chalmers published Plain Truth under the pen name "Candidus". Chalmers defended the British Constitution , and claimed that without the Monarchy , the Thirteen Colonies would descend into a radical democracy . On the Radical democratic society promoted by Common Sense , Chalmers quoted Montesquieu in saying that "No government

516-486: A government becomes necessary to prevent the natural evil Paine saw in man. To promote civil society through laws and account for the impossibility of all people meeting centrally to make laws, representation and elections become necessary. As that model was clearly intended to mirror the situation of the colonists at the time of publication, Paine went on to consider the English constitution . Paine found two tyrannies in

602-522: A kind of treason to speak against it. Their ideas of grievance operated without resentment, and their single object was reconciliation." Paine quickly engrained himself in the Philadelphia newspaper business, and began writing Common Sense in late 1775 under the working title of Plain Truth . Though it began as a series of letters to be published in various Philadelphia papers, it grew too long and unwieldy to publish as letters, leading Paine to select

688-633: A large mill at the bottom of Spital Hill in Retford . It was called the Revolution Mill in celebration of the centenary of the Glorious Revolution . He hoped to weave cloth using the weaving patents of his brother Edmund Cartwright . He also began the mechanical spinning of wool , or rather worsted . This business was not successful. The mill stood idle within a few years and was advertised to sale in 1798 and 1805. The mill

774-520: A means to present a distinctly American political identity and structured Common Sense as if it were a sermon. Historian Gordon S. Wood described Common Sense as "the most incendiary and popular pamphlet of the entire revolutionary era." The text was translated into French by Antoine Gilbert Griffet de Labaume in 1791. Paine arrived in the American colonies in November 1774, shortly before

860-491: A monarch in their scheme of government in the first place. In the third section, Paine examines the hostilities between Britain and the American colonies and argues that the best course of action is independence. Paine proposes a Continental Charter (or Charter of the United Colonies ) that would be an American Magna Carta . Paine writes that a Continental Charter "should come from some intermediate body between

946-529: A monument from a design by Macdowell was erected to him in Bloomsbury , London, where he had lived. Burton Crescent, the original name of the street, was later renamed Cartwright Gardens in his honour. His statue faces a student hall of residence and backs onto tennis courts and a terrace of houses , most of which serve as small hotels. Captain George Vancouver named Cartwright Sound - on

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1032-537: A number of the blocks were named after social and political reformers. In 2006, the Estate transferred to Tower Hamlets Community Housing, a local housing association . Connecticut Courant The Hartford Courant is the largest daily newspaper in the U.S. state of Connecticut , and is advertised as the oldest continuously published newspaper in the United States . A morning newspaper serving most of

1118-409: A president. Each colony would be put into a lottery; the president would be elected, by the whole congress, from the delegation of the colony that was selected in the lottery. After a colony was selected, it would be removed from subsequent lotteries until all of the colonies had been selected, at which point the lottery would start anew. Electing a president or passing a law would require three-fifths of

1204-708: A show of solidarity initiated by The Boston Globe . "The Hartford Courant joins newspapers from around the country today to reaffirm that the press is not the enemy of the American people. " In October 2020, the Courant announced that it would be discontinuing printing the paper in Hartford and outsourcing future printing to the Springfield Republican in Massachusetts. In December 2020, Tribune Publishing announced that it would be closing

1290-435: A speedy meeting. We may then commune at leisure, and more fully, on the good and evil, which in the course of our long lives, we have both witnessed; and in the mean time, I pray you to accept assurances of my high veneration and esteem for your person and character. In 1788, Major Cartwight sold his heavily mortgaged estates at Marnham , buying others at Brothertoft , Lincolnshire . The same year with 18 others, he erected

1376-823: A state lottery employee killed four supervisors then himself. Reporters Mike McIntire and Jack Dolan of the Hartford Courant were 2001 Pulitzer Prize Finalists in Investigative Reporting for their work in revealing the mistakes of practicing doctors who have faced disciplinary action. Photojournalist Brad Clift was a 2003 Pulitzer Prize Finalist in Feature Photography for his photo series "Heroin Town", which depicted heroin use in Willimantic . Lisa Chedekel and Matthew Kauffman of

1462-515: A time in 1771. When the disputes with the American colonies began, he believed that the colonists had right on their side, warmly supported their cause and, at the outbreak of the ensuing American War of Independence , refused an appointment as first lieutenant to the Duke of Cumberland . Thus he gave up a path to certain promotion, since he did not wish to fight against the cause which he felt to be just. In 1774 he published his first plea on behalf of

1548-631: A victim of premature aging. Robert S. Capers and Eric Lipton of the Hartford Courant won the 1992 Pulitzer Prize in Explanatory Journalism for their series on how a flawed mirror built at Connecticut's Perkin-Elmer Corporation immobilized the Hubble Space Telescope . The Hartford Courant Staff won the 1999 Pulitzer Prize in Breaking News Reporting for its coverage of a shooting rampage in which

1634-544: A vote for Trump was a vote for racism. In August 2009, the Courant attracted controversy over its firing of George Gombossy, a 40-year veteran of the paper and its consumer advocate at the time. Gombossy charged that the Courant had spiked an article he had written about an ongoing investigation by the Connecticut attorney general accusing Sleepy's (a major advertiser in the paper) of selling used and bedbug-infested mattresses as new. Gombossy's lawsuit against

1720-565: Is so subject to Civil Wars and Intestine Commotions ". The pamphlet ends with the pronouncement: " Independence And Slavery Are Synonymous Terms ". John Adams , who would succeed George Washington to become the new nation's second president, in his Thoughts on Government wrote that Paine's ideal sketched in Common Sense was "so democratical, without any restraint or even an attempt at any equilibrium or counter poise, that it must produce confusion and every evil work." Others, such as

1806-579: Is that the new owners were more interested in awards, and less interested in traditional Courant devotion to exhaustive coverage of local news. The Courant won a 1992 Pulitzer Prize for inquiring into problems with the Hubble Space Telescope (a Connecticut company was involved in the construction), and it won a 1999 Pulitzer Prize in the Breaking News category for coverage of a 1998 murder-suicide that took five lives at Connecticut Lottery headquarters. A series of articles about sexual abuse by

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1892-481: The Battles of Lexington and Concord . Though the colonies and Great Britain had commenced hostilities against one another, the thought of independence was not initially entertained. Writing in 1778 of his early experiences in the colonies, Paine "found the disposition of the people such, that they might have been led by a thread and governed by a reed. Their attachment to Britain was obstinate, and it was, at that time,

1978-520: The Courant endorsed Ned Lamont in the Democratic primary as the only "credible" choice compared to rival Joe Ganim . The Courant went on to endorse independent candidate Oz Griebel in the general election. For the 2020 Presidential Election, The Courant weighed in, endorsing Democrat Joe Biden over Republican candidate Donald Trump . The Courant took a stronger stance in its 2020 endorsement against Trump than it did in 2016, arguing that

2064-492: The Courant was thrown out by a Connecticut Superior Court judge in July 2010. In his decision, Judge Marshall K. Berger Jr. remarked that newspaper owners and editors have a "paramount" right to "control [the] content of their papers," further observing that in his role at the Courant , Gombossy had "no constitutional right to publish anything." However, Gombossy's attorneys filed a second complaint, and Judge Berger reinstated

2150-450: The Courant' s Broad Street newsroom by the end of the year with no current plans to open another. On its website as of 2023, the Courant lists its mailing address as 100 Pearl Street in Hartford. In January 2024, it was announced Courant Community newspapers was to cease publication on Jan. 18. Journalist Denis Edward Horgan suggest that the title could derive from Dutch krant . The word, alternatively spelled courante , would be

2236-414: The Courant's two highest ranking editors were let go. After 2010, Courant has offered early retirement and buyout packages to reduce staff as it continues to experience declines in advertising revenue. There have also been layoffs and reduction in pages. Newsroom staff peaked in 1994 at close to 400 staff, down to 175 staff by 2008, and 135 staff in 2009. Tribune Company brought frequent changes in

2322-619: The Hampden Clubs , named after John Hampden , an English Civil War Parliamentary leader, aiming to bring together middle class moderates and lower class radicals in the reform cause. To promote the idea, he toured northwest England later in 1812, in 1813 (getting arrested in Huddersfield ) and in 1815. He recruited John Knight who founded the first Hampden Club in Lancashire . In 1818, Knight, John Saxton and James Wroe formed

2408-672: The New York Mirror . Another prominent editor of the Courant in the 20th century is Herbert Brucker . The Courant was purchased in 1979 by Times Mirror , the Los Angeles Times ' parent company, for $ 105.6 million. The first years of out-of-town ownership are described by Andrew Kreig, a former Courant reporter, in a book titled Spiked: How Chain Management Corrupted America's Oldest Newspaper. One criticism expressed by Kreig

2494-544: The Newfoundland Station , he was appointed to act as chief magistrate of the settlement. He served in the post for five years (1765–1770). From 1763 to 14 May 1766, Cartwright was commander of HM Cutter Sherborne . His brother George, when at loose ends, went with him on a cruise out of Plymouth to chase smugglers in Sherborne . Ill-health necessitated Cartwright's retirement from active service for

2580-491: The Pennsylvania Evening Post on February 6, 1776, that "if you know the author of COMMON SENSE, tell him he has done wonders and worked miracles. His stile [ sic ] is plain and nervous; his facts are true; his reasoning, just and conclusive". The author went on to claim that the pamphlet was highly persuasive in swaying people towards independence. The mass appeal, one later reviewer noted,

2666-687: The power loom and the younger brother of George Cartwright , trader and explorer of Labrador . He was educated at Newark-on-Trent grammar school and Heath Academy in Yorkshire , and at the age of eighteen entered the Royal Navy . He was present, in his first year of service, at the capture of Cherbourg , and served in the following year in the Battle of Quiberon Bay between Sir Edward Hawke and Admiral Hubert de Brienne . Engaged afterwards under Sir Hugh Palliser and Admiral John Byron on

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2752-436: The state of nature to establish a foundation for republican government. Paine began the section by making a distinction between society and government and argues that government is a "necessary evil." He illustrates the power of society to create and maintain happiness in man through the example of a few isolated people who find it easier to live together rather than apart, thus creating society. As society continues to grow,

2838-609: The American colonies. In England, John Cartwright had published Letters on American Independence in the pages of the Public Advertiser during the early spring of 1774 advocating legislative independence for the colonies while in Virginia, Thomas Jefferson had penned A Summary View of British America three months later. Neither, however, went as far as Paine in proposing full-fledged independence. Paine connected independence with common dissenting Protestant beliefs as

2924-557: The Congress and the people" and outlines a Continental Conference that could draft a Continental Charter. Each colony would hold elections for five representatives at large, who would be accompanied by two members of the house of assembly of each colony and two members of Congress from each colony, for a total of nine representatives from each colony in the Continental Conference. The Conference would then meet and draft

3010-666: The Courant's top leadership. On November 18, 2013, Tribune appointed Nancy Meyer as publisher, succeeding Rich Graziano who left to become president and general manager of WPIX-TV (PIX11) in New York City. In 2014, the Courant purchased the ReminderNews chain of weekly newspapers. The Reminder name remained on the mastheads of all editions until November 2015, when the papers were redesigned and renamed Courant Community . On October 10, 2014, Tribune Company announced

3096-483: The Crown with a treatise entitled The True Interest of America Impartially Stated . He pronounced "I find no common sense in this pamphlet, but much uncommon frenzy." He denounced the radical democracy promoted by Common Sense and proclaimed that " Limited monarchy is the form of government which is most favourable to liberty - which is best adapted to the genius and temper of Britons; although here and there among us

3182-447: The English constitution: monarchical and aristocratic tyranny in the king and peers, who rule by heredity and contribute nothing to the people. Paine criticized the English constitution by examining the relationship between the king , the peers , and the commons . The second section considers monarchy first from a biblical perspective and then from a historical perspective. He begins by arguing that since all men are equal at creation,

3268-558: The Hartford Courant were 2007 Pulitzer Prize Finalists in Investigative Reporting for their in-depth reporting on suicide rates among American soldiers in Iraq which led to congressional and military action addressing the issues raised in the series. The Hartford Courant Staff was a 2013 Pulitzer Prize Finalist for its comprehensive and compassionate coverage of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting . The paper

3354-634: The United Kingdom". Among the other names Cartwright proposed— Sir Francis Burdett , Rev. William Draper; George Ensor , Rev. Richard Hayes, Robert Williams, Sir Charles Wolseley , and Matthew Wood —Bentham described himself as a "nonentity", and declined the offer. Cartwright had sent a copy of The English Constitution to former President of the United States , Thomas Jefferson . Jefferson wrote to Cartwright in July 1824: Your age of eighty-four, and mine of eighty-one years, ensure us

3440-532: The Weekly Intelligencer (1778 to 1791), then reverted to the original form The Connecticut Courant from 1791 to 1914, when the publication ceased. In 1837, John L. Boswell, who had become the printer proprietor of The Connecticut Courant the previous year (until 1849), started also the publication of The Daily Courant . In 1840, the title would be changed to The Hartford Daily Courant , to finally become The Hartford Courant in 1887. Based on

3526-585: The apparatus used to process the crop. In 1780, he married Ann Catherine Dashwood, a daughter of prominent Lincolnshire landowner Samuel Dashwood and Anne ( née Bateman) Dashwood. She was a granddaughter of George Dashwood , MP for Stockbridge (and son of Lord Mayor of London Sir Samuel Dashwood ), and James Bateman , MP for Carlisle (and son of banker Sir James Bateman ). He adopted his niece Frances Dorothy Cartwright , daughter of his brother Edmund. Cartwright died in London on 23 September 1824, and

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3612-539: The appointment of Rick Daniels as publisher of the Courant, succeeding Nancy Meyer, who was promoted to publisher and CEO of the Orlando Sentinel. Andrew Julien was named the combined publisher and editor in March 2016, replacing Tom Wiley, who departed after two months. In 2018, the Hartford Courant joined more than 300 newspapers in releasing editorials in response to President's Trump's anti-media rhetoric,

3698-538: The colonists, entitled "American Independence the Glory and Interest of Great Britain." In 1765, when the Nottinghamshire Militia was first raised, he was appointed major, and in this capacity he served for seventeen years. He was at last illegally superseded. In 1776 appeared his first work on reform in parliament, which, with the exception of Earl Stanhope's pamphlets (1774), appears to have been

3784-405: The complaint. The case headed to trial in the fall of 2011. "In late 2011 the suit was resolved," according to Gombossy's CTWatchdog website. In September 2009 the Courant's publisher, Richard Graziano, publicly apologized as the newspaper accepted a plagiarism charge. Competitors had accused the Courant of taking its content without permission and refusing to give proper credit. In 2018,

3870-614: The congress. The fourth section of the pamphlet includes Paine's optimistic view of America's military potential at the time of the revolution. For example, he spends pages describing how colonial shipyards, by using the large amounts of lumber available in the country, could quickly create a navy that could rival the Royal Navy . In response to Common Sense , Rev. Charles Inglis , then the Anglican cleric of Trinity Church in New York, responded to Paine on behalf of colonists loyal to

3956-623: The distinction between kings and subjects is a false one. Paine then quotes a sequence of biblical passages to refute the divine right of Kings . After citing Matthew 22:21 , he highlights Gideon 's refusal to heed the people's call to rule, citing Judges 8:22 . He then reproduces the majority of 1 Samuel 8 (wherein Samuel relays God's objections to the people's demand for a king) and concludes: "the Almighty hath here entered his protest against monarchical government..." Paine then examines some of

4042-473: The earliest publication on the subject. It was entitled, Take your Choice ,. a second edition appearing under the new title of The Legislative Rights of the Commonalty Vindicated (1777) and advocated annual parliaments, the secret ballot and manhood suffrage . The task of his life was thenceforth chiefly the attainment of universal suffrage and annual parliaments. In 1798, he conceived

4128-573: The entire pamphlet: the Connecticut Courant in its issue of February 19, 1776. Writing in 1956, Richard Gimbel estimated, in terms of circulation and impact, that an "equivalent sale today, based on the present population of the United States, would be more than six-and-one-half million copies within the short space of three months". For nearly three months, Paine managed to maintain his anonymity, even during Bell's potent newspaper polemics. His name did not become officially connected with

4214-699: The head of a worldwide Catholic order, published since February 1997, constituted the first denunciation of Marciel Maciel known to a wider audience. In 2000, Times Mirror and the Courant became part of the Tribune Company , one of the world's largest multimedia companies. By then the Courant had acquired the Valley Advocate group of "alternative" weeklies started by two former Courant staff members in 1973. Tribune also owned two local television stations: Fox affiliate WTIC-TV and The CW affiliate WCCT-TV . In 2005, The Courant became

4300-439: The independence controversy until March 30, 1776. Paine never recouped the profits that he felt were due to him from Bell's first edition. Ultimately, he lost money on the Bradford printing as well, and because he decided to repudiate his copyright, he never profited from Common Sense . The first and subsequent editions divided the pamphlet into four sections. In his first section, Paine related common Enlightenment theories of

4386-402: The influence of Common Sense in several ways. Some, like A. Owen Aldridge, emphasize that Common Sense could hardly be said to embody a particular ideology, and that "even Paine himself may not have been cognizant of the ultimate source of many of his concepts." They make the point that much of the pamphlet's value came as a result of the context in which it was published. Eric Foner wrote that

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4472-504: The literate population at the time and estimated the far upper limit as 75,000 copies. Aside from the printed pamphlet itself, there were many handwritten summaries and whole copies circulated. Paine also granted publishing rights to nearly every imprint which requested them, including several international editions. It was immensely popular in France, where it was published without its diatribes against monarchy. At least one newspaper printed

4558-642: The managing editor in 1919. His energetic and often sensationalistic news style upset Charles Clark , the owner and editor. Clark fired Gauvreau when the journalist refused to stop a series of stories about false medical diplomas . Gauvreau would become later on a major figure in the New York City tabloid wars of the Roaring Twenties as the first managing editor of the New York Evening Graphic and later managing editor of

4644-478: The mechanisms of democracy. That gave Common Sense a "second life" in the very public call-and-response nature of newspaper debates made by intellectual men of letters throughout Philadelphia. Paine's formulation of "war for an idea" led to, as Eric Foner describes it, "a torrent of letters, pamphlets, and broadsides on independence and the meaning of republican government... attacking or defending, or extending and refining Paine's ideas". Later scholars have assessed

4730-526: The months leading up to the Declaration of Independence , many more reviewers noted that the two main themes (direct and passionate style and calls for individual empowerment) were decisive in swaying the Colonists from reconciliation to rebellion. The pamphlet was also highly successful because of a brilliant marketing tactic planned by Paine. He and Bell timed the first edition to be published at around

4816-772: The most recent American newspaper to win the Society for News Design 's World's Best Designed Newspaper award. In 2006, the paper's investigation into mental health and suicides among Americans serving in the Iraq war was featured in the PBS documentary series Exposé: America's Investigative Reports in an episode entitled "Question 7." In late June 2006, the Tribune Co. announced that Courant publisher Jack W. Davis Jr. would be replaced by Stephen D. Carver, vice president and general manager of Atlanta, Ga., TV station WATL. In March 2009, Tribune replaced Carver with Richard Graziano, who

4902-423: The notion that the daily publication was an offshoot of the weekly Connecticut Courant , the newspaper board adopted in 2018 the motto "Older than the nation" as its slogan. Other newspapers claim to be the oldest in the country. The New Hampshire Gazette , which started publication in 1756, trademarked the slogan of oldest paper in the nation after being revived as a small biweekly paper in 1989. Prior to 1989,

4988-507: The pamphlet form. Benjamin Rush recommended the publisher Robert Bell , promising Paine that although other printers might balk at the content of the pamphlet, Bell would not hesitate or delay its printing. The pamphlet was first published on January 10, 1776. Bell zealously promoted the pamphlet in Philadelphia's papers, and demand grew so high as to require a second printing. Paine, overjoyed with its success, endeavored to collect his share of

5074-478: The pamphlet touched a radical populace at the height of their radicalism, which culminated in Pennsylvania with a new constitution aligned along Paine's principles. Many have noted that Paine's skills were chiefly in persuasion and propaganda and that no matter the content of his ideas, the fervor of his conviction and the various tools he employed on his readers (such as asserting his Christianity when he really

5160-486: The pamphlet's sales, some historians claim that Common Sense sold almost 100,000 copies in 1776, and according to Paine, 120,000 copies were sold in the first three months. One biographer estimates that 500,000 copies were sold in the first year (in both America and Europe, predominantly France and Britain), and another writes that Paine's pamphlet went through 25 published editions in the first year alone. However, some historians dispute these figures as implausible because of

5246-513: The paper had all but disappeared into other publications for most of the 20th century, which makes the slogan doubtful. The New York Post also claims to be the oldest continuously published daily newspaper. However, even though the Post started daily publishing 35 years before The Connecticut Courant did, the Courant existed as a weekly paper for nearly 40 years before the New York Post

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5332-418: The problems that kings and monarchies have caused in the past and concludes: In England a king hath little more to do than to make war and give away places; which in plain terms, is to impoverish the nation and set it together by the ears. A pretty business indeed for a man to be allowed eight hundred thousand sterling a year for, and worshipped into the bargain! Of more worth is one honest man to society and in

5418-410: The profits and donate them to purchase mittens for General Montgomery's troops, then encamped in frigid Quebec. However, when Paine's chosen intermediaries audited Bell's accounts, they found that the pamphlet actually had made zero profits. Incensed, Paine ordered Bell not to proceed on a second edition, as he had planned several appendices to add to Common Sense . Bell ignored that and began advertising

5504-767: The project of a political association, which took shape in 1780 as the Society for Constitutional Information , including among its members some of the most distinguished men of the day. From this society sprang the more famous London Corresponding Society . Major Cartwright worked unweariedly for the promotion of reform. He was one of the witnesses on the trial of his friends, John Horne Tooke , John Thelwall and Thomas Hardy , in 1794. He left his large estate in Lincolnshire in 1803 or 1805 to move to Enfield , Middlesex , where he made friends with other leading Radicals including Sir Francis Burdett, 5th Baronet , William Cobbett and Francis Place . In 1812, he initiated

5590-412: The realm would remain lawful rather than easily becoming tyrannical. According to Paine, however, such limits are insufficient. In the mixed state, power tends to concentrate into the hands of the monarch, eventually permitting him to transcend any limitations placed upon him. Paine questions why the supporters of the mixed state, since they concede that the power of the monarch is dangerous, wish to include

5676-780: The reformist and popularist newspaper the Manchester Observer . In 1819, the same team formed the Patriotic Union Society, which invited Henry "Orator" Hunt and Major Cartwright to speak at a reformist public rally in Manchester, but the elderly Cartwright was unable to attend what became the Peterloo Massacre . Later in 1819, Cartwright was arrested for speaking at a parliamentary reform meeting in Birmingham , indicted for conspiracy and

5762-471: The same time as a proclamation on the colonies by King George III , hoping to contrast the strong, monarchical message with the heavily anti-monarchical Common Sense . Luckily for Paine, the speech and the first advertisement of the pamphlet appeared on the same day within the pages of The Pennsylvania Evening Post . While Paine focused his style and address towards the common people, the arguments he made touched on prescient debates of morals, government, and

5848-417: The sight of God, than all the crowned ruffians that ever lived. Paine also attacks one type of "mixed state," the constitutional monarchy promoted by John Locke , in which the powers of government are separated between a Parliament or Congress, which makes the laws, and a monarch, who executes them. The constitutional monarchy, according to Locke, would limit the powers of the king sufficiently to ensure that

5934-454: The state north of New Haven and east of Waterbury , its headquarters on Broad Street in Hartford, Connecticut was a short walk from the state capitol . It reports regional news with a chain of bureaus in smaller cities and a series of local editions. It also operates CTNow , a free local weekly newspaper and website. The Courant began as a weekly called the Connecticut Courant on October 29, 1764, becoming daily in 1837. In 1979, it

6020-449: The still-anonymous Paine, conducted within the pages and advertisements of the Pennsylvania Evening Post , with each party charging the other with duplicity and fraud. Paine and Bell published several more editions through the end of their public squabble. The publicity generated by the initial success and compounded by the publishing disagreements propelled the pamphlet to incredible sales and circulation. Following Paine's own estimate of

6106-474: The third section that Britain "hath stirred up the Indians and the Negroes to destroy us". Paine suggested that a congress may be created in the following way: each colony should be divided in districts, and each district would "send a proper number of delegates to Congress." Paine thought that each colony should send at least 30 delegates to Congress and that the total number of delegates in Congress should be at least 390. The Congress would meet annually and elect

6192-583: The tyranny inevitably resulting from monarchical rule. Heavy advertisement by both Bell and Paine and the immense publicity created by their publishing quarrel made Common Sense an immediate sensation not only in Philadelphia but also across the Thirteen Colonies. Early "reviewers" (mainly letter excerpts published anonymously in colonial newspapers) touted the clear and rational case for independence put forth by Paine. One Marylander wrote to

6278-625: The west coast of Graham Island in Haida Gwaii , British Columbia , Canada - in his honour in relation to his Royal Navy service under Admiral Howe. The Life and Correspondence of Major Cartwright , edited by his niece Frances Dorothy Cartwright , was published in 1826. John Cartwright House, built in 1976 on the Mansford Estate in Bethnal Green , was named in his honour. The estate was built by Tower Hamlets Council and

6364-438: The writer calling himself "Cato," denounced Paine as dangerous and his ideas as violent. Paine was also an active and willing participant in what would become essentially a six-month publicity tour for independence. Writing as "The Forester," he responded to Cato and other critics in the pages of Philadelphian papers with passion and declared again in sweeping language that their conflict was not only with Great Britain but also with

6450-410: Was a Deist), Common Sense was bound for success. Still others emphasized the uniqueness of Paine's vision, with Craig Nelson calling him a "pragmatic utopian" who de-emphasized economic arguments in favor of moralistic ones, thus giving credence to the argument that Common Sense was propaganda. John Cartwright (political reformer) John Cartwright (17 September 1740 – 23 September 1824)

6536-560: Was an English naval officer, Nottinghamshire militia major and prominent campaigner for parliamentary reform. He subsequently became known as the Father of Reform . His younger brother Edmund Cartwright became famous as the inventor of the power loom . He was born at Marnham in Nottinghamshire on 17 September 1740 to Anne and William Cartwright of Marnham Hall . He was the elder brother of Edmund Cartwright , inventor of

6622-659: Was bought by the Times Mirror Company . In 2000, Times Mirror was acquired by the Tribune Company , which later combined the paper's management and facilities with those of a Tribune-owned Hartford television station . The Courant and other Tribune print properties were spun off to a new corporate parent, Tribune Publishing , separate from the station, in 2014. Tribune Publishing agreed in May 2021 to be acquired by Alden Global Capital , which operates its media properties through Digital First Media . The transaction

6708-514: Was buried at St Mary's Church, Finchley , north London. In 1835, a monument to him was erected in the churchyard, paid for by public subscription. It is a Grade II listed building and was on the English Heritage Heritage at Risk Register due to its dangerous condition. However the monument has since been removed from the register after being restored in 2019, as a result of a £79,000 grant from Historic England. In 1831,

6794-416: Was caused by Paine's dramatic calls for popular support of revolution, "giv[ing] liberty to every individual to contribute materials for that great building, the grand charter of American Liberty". Paine's vision of a radical democracy , unlike the checked and balanced nation later favored by conservatives like John Adams , was highly attractive to the popular audience which read and reread Common Sense . In

6880-733: Was condemned to pay a fine of £100. Cartwright then wrote The English Constitution , which outlined his ideas including government by the people and legal equality which he considered could only be achieved by universal suffrage, the secret ballot and equal electoral districts. He became the main patron of the Radical publisher Thomas Jonathan Wooler , best known for his satirical journal The Black Dwarf , who actively supported Cartwright's campaigning. In 1821, he invited Jeremy Bentham to serve with him as one of "seven wise men" to act as "Guardians of Constitutional Reform", their reports and observations to concern "the entire Democracy or Commons of

6966-610: Was finalized on May 25, 2021. According to the Library of Congress' database of U.S. newspapers, the origins of the Hartford Courant intertwines with the publication of the weekly Connecticut Courant . Founded by Thomas Green, the Connecticut Courant was first published on October 29, 1764. In the years following 1774, the title of the paper would be changed to The Connecticut Courant and Hartford Weekly Intelligencer , later simplified to The Connecticut Courant, and

7052-556: Was founded, making the Courant older. Also The Providence Journal claims to be the oldest continuously published daily newspaper in the United States: the Journal began daily publishing 28 years after the New York Post , but some critics point at strikes at the Post in 1958 and 1978 as breaks in its continuity. Regardless, The Connecticut Courant existed as a weekly paper for nearly 70 years before The Providence Journal

7138-529: Was founded. In 1867, Joseph Roswell Hawley , a leading Republican politician and former governor of Connecticut , bought the newspaper, which he combined with the Press. Under his editorship, the Courant became the most influential newspaper in Connecticut and one of the leading Republican papers in the country. An eminent figure of the Courant is Emile Gauvreau , who became a reporter in 1916, and

7224-407: Was given a dual role as Courant publisher and general manager of Tribune's two Hartford television stations. In May of the same year, Tribune announced that Jeff Levine, a newspaper executive with a background in marketing, would become "director of content" and that the editor or "print platform manager" of the Courant would report to Levine as would the news director of WTIC-TV. Shortly after that,

7310-590: Was given exclusive access originally to the investigative files collected by the FBI on the shooter's life, growing up. The paper endorsed George W. Bush in both the 2000 and the 2004 Presidential elections . In the 2012 Presidential Election, the Courant endorsed President Barack Obama for a second term over Republican Mitt Romney . The Courant weighed in on the contentious and antagonistic 2016 Presidential Election, endorsing Democrat Hillary Clinton over Republican candidate Donald Trump . In August 2018

7396-432: Was later largely demolished and only one building remains. Cartwright took a keen interest in agricultural improvement and used his estate at Brothertoft to conduct crop trials and to develop new agricultural implements, several of which were invented by his bailiff and later estate steward, William Amos . He also turned over a large part of his estate to the cultivation of woad , creating dedicated buildings and improving

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