Misplaced Pages

#168831

46-852: Coriano's origins are ancient: it was an Umbrian , Etruscan and Roman colony. It was also conquered by numerous armies fighting in Italy since the 12th century, including those of the Malatestas , by the Borgias , the Republic of Venice , the Spanish armies and the Papal States. In 1528, the Pope donated it to the Sassatelli from Imola in exchange for their help against the Malatestas . In

92-640: A Germanic-speaking people, and no evidence that they had a connection to the Celtic peoples, per se, has been found. Livy suggested that the Insubres , another Gaulish tribe, might be connected; their Celtic name Isombres could possibly mean "Lower Umbrians," or inhabitants of the country below Umbria. Similarly Roman historian Cato the Elder , in his masterpiece Origines , defines the Gauls as "the progenitors of

138-577: A door. ". Malatesta and was succeeded by the Venetians in 1517 was captured and sacked by the new ruler of the Duchy of Urbino, Francesco Maria della Rovere. The castle Cerasolo was outside the jurisdiction of the archbishops of Ravenna , and belonged to the Municipality of Rimini. The construction of Castrum Ceresolo dates back to 1200 and its first two decades of the events of 1300 are related to

184-473: A door.. " Today there are visible remains of the old building, built in houses built later, resting on the remaining walls. Besanigo , known as Tumba de St.Andrew, was built by Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta in 1430. At his death passed to his son Roberto (1468). In early 1500 it was occupied by the Venetians, the Montefeltro and then finally by the Municipality of Rimini. In 1517, the same occasion when he

230-582: A religious position named kvestur (cognate to or a borrowing of Latin Quaestor ). The Umbrian social structure was divided into distinct groups probably based upon military rank. During the reign of Augustus , four Umbrian aristocrats became senators. Emperor Nerva ’s family was from Umbria. According to Guy Jolyon Bradley, " The religious sites of the region have been thought to reveal a society dominated by agricultural and pastoral concerns, to which town life came late in comparison to Etruria." Throughout

276-526: A short time passed to Alessandro Sforza, to Montefeltro and then return as early as 1469. The Malatesta, in the person of Roberto Malatesta, tried in vain to seize the castle, but he remained the Montefeltro. In early 1500 the castle passed into the hands of the Venetians, dating to this period the description of the administrator who made the Venetian Malipiero "high wall of the castle circundato steps 9, has had 4 wide passes, turn switch 150. It has

322-589: A southward direction, according to the rite of Ver Sacrum . Lepontic inscriptions have also been found in Umbria , in the area which saw the emergence of the Terni culture, which had strong similarities with the Celtic-speaking cultures of Hallstatt and La Tène . The Umbrian necropolis of Terni , which dates back to the 10th century BC, was virtually identical in every aspect to the Celtic necropolis of

368-574: A wall switch 7 Cumulative high shoe, and corridor top 5 foot, turn 194 passes. Dicto In castle accommodates 3 families. It has a door." Pope Clement VII in 1528 gave the castle to his brothers John and Robert Sassatelli from Imola : it remained their property until 1580, the emblem of the family is still driven into the door of the Castle and is the banner of Coriano. From 1800 to the Second World War , when military conflict caused major damage,

414-574: Is also celebrated in Jessup, PA, a town with a large number of immigrants from the Gubbio area, as Saint Ubaldo Day . While we have little direct information about ancient Umbrian political structure, it is fairly clear that two men held the supreme magistracy of uhtur and were responsible for supervising rituals. Other civic offices included the marone , which had a lower status than uhtur (closely related to Latin auctor whence English "author"), and

460-620: Is located in the Chartreuse du Val de Bénédiction in Villeneuve-lès-Avignon . Étienne, born during the late 1280s, was the son of Adhemar Aubert, seigneur de Montel-de-Gelat in Limousin province. He was a native of the hamlet of Les Monts, Diocese of Limoges , and, after having taught civil law at Toulouse , he became successively Bishop of Noyon in 1338 and Bishop of Clermont in 1340. On 20 September 1342, he

506-736: Is now occupied by Italian speakers. It is somewhat smaller than the ancient Umbria . Most ancient Umbrian cities were settled in the 9th-4th centuries BC on easily defensible hilltops. Umbria was bordered by the Tiber and Nar rivers and included the Apennine slopes on the Adriatic. The ancient Umbrian language is a branch of a group called Oscan-Umbrian , which is related to the Latino-Faliscan languages . They are also called Ombrii in some Roman sources. Ancient Roman writers thought

SECTION 10

#1732773077169

552-613: The Golasecca culture . During the 6th–4th centuries BC, Umbrian communities constructed rural sanctuaries in which they sacrificed to the gods. Bronze votives shaped as animals or deities were also offered. Umbrian deities include Feronia , Valentia, Minerva Matusia and Clitumnus . The Iguvine Tablets were discovered in 1444 at Scheggia , near Gubbio , Italy. Composed during the 2nd or 3rd centuries BC, they describe religious rituals involving animal sacrifice. The ancient sanctuary to Venus (or her Umbrian equivalent) at Hispellum

598-650: The Second Punic War . The Praetorian Guard recruited from Etruria and Umbria. The Umbri played a minor role in the Social War and as a result were granted citizenship in 90 BC. Roman veterans were settled in Umbria during the reign of Augustus. The Umbrians descend from the culture of Terni , protohistoric facies of southern Umbria. The towns of Chianciano and Clusium (Umbrian: Camars ) near modern Arezzo contain traces of Umbrian habitation dating to

644-670: The deluge (literally "the inundation of the lands by thunderstorms, imbribus ). The Etruscans vanquished 300 Umbrian cities. Ancient Greek historians considered the Umbri as the ancestors of the Sabellian people, namely the Sabines and the Samnites , and the tribes which sprung from them, as the Marsi , Marrucini , Peligni , Picentes , Hirpini , and others. Their expansion was in

690-505: The papal conclave of 1352 . Upon his election, he revoked a signed agreement stating the college of cardinals was superior to the pope. His subsequent policy compares favourably with that of the other Avignon Popes . He introduced many needed reforms in the administration of church affairs, and through his legate, Cardinal Albornoz , who was accompanied by Rienzi , he sought to restore order in Rome . In 1355, Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor ,

736-636: The 7th or 8th centuries BC. Terni (in Latin: Interamna Nahars ) was the first important Umbrian center. Its population was called with the name of Umbri Naharti . They were the largest, organized and belligerent tribe of the Umbrians and populated compactly across the basin of Nera River. This people is quoted 8 times in the Iguvine Tablets. Their importance is confirmed not only by the Iguvine Tablets and Latin historians, and by

782-504: The 9th-4th centuries BC, imported goods from Greece and Etruria were common, as well as the production of local pottery. The Romans first made contact with Umbria in 310 BC and settled Latin colonies there in 299 BC, 268 BC and 241 BC. They had completed their conquest of Umbria by approximately 260 BC. The Via Flaminia linking areas of Umbria was complete by 220 BC. Cities in Umbria also contributed troops to Rome for its many wars. Umbrians fought under Scipio Africanus in 205 BC during

828-667: The Eye and Pandolfo I) they consolidated the power of the family, and they expanded the boundaries of the lordship castles and lands acquired by the Church of Ravenna and/or pulling them out to others (The Montefeltro). The Malatesta became lords of the land Corianese in 1300. Villa Corliani enters the possessions of the Malatesta in 1356, when the Church of Ravenna sells many places fortified areas of Pesaro and Rimini of Malatesta Guastafamiglia. In addition to Coriano (which at that time

874-470: The Fine Arts, the building making a positive recovery. It recently completed a two-year excavation campaign (1999/2000), which has unearthed artifacts, ancient foundations and the moat. Castrum Passani turns out to be, from the documents found, the oldest building in the town: the Church of Ravenna by documentation that was granted by Pope Lucius II to the Church of Rimini in 1141. It then passed into

920-493: The Holy See, and then by Federico da Montefeltro. In 1504 the castle was occupied by the Venetians, and the superintendent Malipiero gives us this description: "Castle 4 miles away from Arimino which is in the hills, circunda high wall of step 8, without it, turn switch 110, in which poor habita 3 huomini in time of peace, of which there is a vice-captain. In time of war. homini all of his if the lurisdictione reduno in that. It has

966-594: The Malatesta were excommunicated and already one year after a papal army marched against them and defeated them in Paterno (Marche), Rimini was placed under siege. The Malatesta asked forgiveness from the Pope and allied themselves with the forces of Cardinal Albornoz to defeat Manfredi and Ordelaffi. In the same year (1355) Castrum Viciani rebelled in Rimini, to submit to the Holy See in 1358 Pope Innocent VI granted it to

SECTION 20

#1732773077169

1012-458: The Malatesta. Castrum Montis Tauri , since 1200 belongs to the Municipality of Rimini , outside the jurisdiction of the archbishops of Ravenna . The little information we have regarding the ownership of the castle of the Malatesta family before and after the Venetians (1503). The castle was built on the hill overlooking the course of Marano, had been built on the ruins of some buildings, now disappeared. As Mount Taurus , even Mulatière Castrum

1058-575: The Umbri to be of Gaulish origin; Cornelius Bocchus wrote that they were descended from an ancient Gaulish tribe. Plutarch wrote that the name might be a different way of writing the name of a northern European tribe, the Ambrones , and that both ethnonyms were cognate with "King of the Boii ". However, both Greek and Roman scholars sometimes conflated Celtic and Germanic peoples. The historical Ambrones originated in or around Jutland , were apparently

1104-636: The Umbri". The Ambrones are also mentioned, with the Lombards and the Suebi , among the tribes of Northern Europe in the poem Widsith . Pliny the Elder wrote concerning the folk-etymology of the name: The Umbrian people are thought the oldest in Italy; they are believed to have been called Ombrii (here, "the people of the thunderstorm," after ὅμβρος, "thunderstorm") by the Greeks because they survived

1150-596: The area left of the Marano river. In September 1944, during World War II , one of the most deadly battles fought in Italy happened in Coriano, effectively razing the town. A Commonwealth cemetery outside Coriano numbers 1,940 soldiers, of which fifty were buried unidentified. Towards the end of 1200, "Mastin Vecchio" Malatesta managed to establish its dominion over Rimini . His three children (Gianciotto, Malatestino of

1196-459: The castle belonged, and Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, and after his son Roberto. The castle stood on the hill that overlooked the pass of the Rio Furnaces , where in past years has been built using the remains of a building fortresses: here you can still see the foundation and the foundation walls. Vecciano in 1371 was registered as a "Villa". Today, a farmhouse built on the foundations of

1242-527: The city was founded by Dardanus in 847 BC. Perugia and Orvieto are not considered of Umbrian but Etruscan origin. According to the geographical distribution of the Umbrian territory, they are located on the left side of the Tiber River, which is part of the ancient Etruria. Umbri were on the opposite side of the river. According to the map of Regio Umbria and Ager Galliucus by Emperor Augustus ,

1288-584: The college of cardinals' superiority over the pope and introduced important reforms in church administration. Through his legate, Cardinal Albornoz, he aimed to restore order in Rome. Innocent VI played a significant role in the 1360 Treaty of Brétigny between France and England. Though he declined an offer to unite the Greek Orthodox Church with the Roman See in exchange for support, his papacy

1334-467: The common fate of Coriano buildings of the fortress to various uses of a public nature. After the war, in parallel to the abandonment of the population that moved to the coast, the castle was left in an advanced state of decay. After a few urban interventions inappropriate in recent decades, rehabilitation and restoration of the fortress has taken place under the auspices of the Superintendency and

1380-401: The disposal of the Pope, however, were all required for exigencies nearer home, and the offer was declined. Most of the wealth accumulated by John XXII and Benedict XII had been lost during the extravagant pontificate of Clement VI . Innocent VI economised by cutting the chapel staff ( capellani capelle ) from twelve to eight. Works of art were sold rather than commissioned. His pontificate

1426-653: The following centuries, Coriano became the district capital of an area west of the Conca river, including Montescudo , Monte Colombo , San Clemente , Morciano di Romagna , and Misano . During the Cisalpine Republic and Italian Republic , the district capital moved to Montescudo. The return of the Papal States in 1805 restored Coriano's place. In the following years, Mulazzano was annexed to Coriano; in 1817, Monte Tauro and Passano were annexed, followed by

Coriano - Misplaced Pages Continue

1472-597: The fortress, which still retains the basement. When, in 1352, was elected Pope, Innocent VI decided to bring order and discipline in religious orders and in the territories of the Church, particularly those of Romagna . This task was called the Cardinal Albornoz. Until then, the lands of the Romagna were subject to arbitrary Manfredi ( Faenza ), the Ordelaffi (Forlì), Galeotto and Malatesta ( Rimini ). In 1351

1518-446: The hands of the Municipality of Rimini and later, in 1361, the family Malatesta, this assignment is probably framed with a view to those made by the Pope as a result of the contribution made by the Malatesta to Papal army in the conquest of Forlì (1359) and Bologna (1360). In 1363 a papal bull of Urban V prolonging the vicarages of Malatesta, in favor of Malatesto Antico, and Galeotto, by descent, of Pandolfo Malatesta Ungaro II. Later

1564-574: The important and privileged role played by this city in Roman times, but also by the discovery, at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries, of one of the larger mixed burial necropoleis (Urnfield culture and burial fields) in Europe, about 3000 tombs (Necropoli delle Acciaierie di Terni). Assisi , called Asisium by the Romans, was an ancient Umbrian site on a spur of Mount Subasio . Myth relates that

1610-403: The major Umbrian city-states were: Terni , Todi , Amelia and Spoleto (the current part of southern Umbria). A 2020 analysis of maternal haplogroups from ancient and modern samples indicated a substantial genetic similarity among the modern inhabitants of Umbria and the area's ancient pre-Roman inhabitants, and evidence of substantial genetic continuity in the region from pre-Roman times to

1656-508: The present with regard to mitochondrial DNA . Both modern and ancient Umbrians were found to have high rates of mtDNA haplogroups U4 and U5a, and an overrepresentation of J (at roughly 30%). The study also found that, "local genetic continuities are further attested to by six terminal branches (H1e1, J1c3, J2b1, U2e2a, U8b1b1 and K1a4a)" also shared by ancient and modern Umbrians. Innocent VI Pope Innocent VI ( Latin : Innocentius VI ; 1282 – 12 September 1362), born Étienne Aubert ,

1702-573: The wars between the Guelphs (headed by Pandolfo Malatesta) and Ghibellines (the Counts of Montefeltro). The crashes are a constant succession of assaults, destruction and retaliation: the Ghibellines who were able to conquer and completely destroy the castle. The reconstruction was the work of Galeotto Malatesta in 1380, remained the property of the Malatesta family until 1469, when it was occupied by

1748-500: Was an important sacred place for Umbrian tribes from the 3rd c. BC and the site was monumentalised in the Republican age (2nd-1st century BC). The modern Festival of Ceri, celebrated every year in Gubbio on May 15 in honor of Bishop Ubald or Ubaldo of Gubbio (1084-1160), shares certain features with the rites described in the 3rd c. BC Iguvine tables mentioned above, and so may be a survival of that ancient pre-Christian custom. It

1794-638: Was crowned in Rome with Innocent's permission, after having made an oath that he would quit the city on the day of the ceremony. It was largely through the exertions of Innocent VI that the Treaty of Brétigny (1360) between France and England was brought about. During his pontificate, the Byzantine emperor John V Palaeologus offered to submit the Greek Orthodox Church to the Roman See in return for assistance against John VI Cantacuzenus . The resources at

1840-515: Was dominated by the war in Italy and by Avignon's recovery from the plague, both of which made draining demands on his treasury. By 1357, he was complaining of poverty. Innocent VI was a liberal patron of letters. If the extreme severity of his measures against the Fraticelli is ignored, he retains a high reputation for justice and mercy. However, St. Bridget of Sweden denounced him as a persecutor of Christians. He died on 12 September 1362 and

1886-678: Was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 December 1352 to his death, in September 1362. He was the fifth Avignon pope and the only one with the pontifical name of "Innocent". Étienne Aubert, born in the Diocese of Limoges , was a civil law professor and held various positions in the church before being appointed as Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia and Velletri by Pope Clement VI. He became Pope Innocent VI on 30 December 1352. As pope, he revoked an agreement asserting

Coriano - Misplaced Pages Continue

1932-423: Was marked by financial challenges due to wars in Italy and the aftermath of a plague. To address these challenges, he reduced the chapel staff and sold works of art. Innocent VI was a patron of letters and is generally considered just and merciful, although criticized by some, such as St. Bridget of Sweden , for his actions against the Fraticelli . He died on 12 September 1362 and was succeeded by Urban V. His tomb

1978-427: Was only a fortified village), the supplies also included Montecolombo, Montescudo and Croce. Insufficient documents on the construction of the castle, but can be traced back to 1300, and the first renovations to 1144 (when Sigismondo Malatesta took care of the work in other rocks of Rimini). The first description is from 1504 and, in this case, the administrator Malipiero: "Castle 8 miles away from Arimino, circumfenced by

2024-421: Was owned by the Municipality of Rimini , not of the archbishops of Ravenna. Part of its history it has in common with the events of Vecciano : for the same reason in 1355 he submitted to the Holy See , which in 1358, at the hands of Innocent VI gave it to Galeotto Malatesta. The property remained until 1468 when the Malatesta, the death of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, was occupied by Federico da Montefeltro. For

2070-483: Was raised to the position of Cardinal Priest of SS. John and Paul. In September 1347, Etienne, assigned by Pope Clement VI, accompanied Cardinal Annibaldo as part of a peace envoy which resulted in the Truce of Calais. Etienne was made cardinal-bishop of Ostia and Velletri on 13 February 1352, by Pope Clement VI , whom he succeeded. Etienne was crowned pope on 30 December 1352 by Cardinal Gaillard de la Mothe after

2116-450: Was sacked Mulazzano, was conquered and destroyed by Francesco Maria della Rovere. They are still visible today, the imposing remains of the walls. Marco Simoncelli (1987–2011), MotoGP motorcyclist was brought up in Coriano, and the town's sports area has been named "Palazzetto dello Sport Marco Simoncelli" in his honour. Umbri The Umbri were an Italic people of ancient Italy. A region called Umbria still exists and

#168831