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46-701: The Coromandel Peninsula ( Māori : Te Tara-o-te-Ika-a-Māui ) on the North Island of New Zealand extends 85 kilometres (53 mi) north from the western end of the Bay of Plenty , forming a natural barrier protecting the Hauraki Gulf and the Firth of Thames in the west from the Pacific Ocean to the east. It is 40 kilometres (25 mi) wide at its broadest point. Almost its entire population lives on

92-722: A Report citing that the Bar monitoring plan enlisted by the council was not capable of detecting changes to the Whangamatā Bar, because Maintenance dredging events were not correlated with The Bar monitoring surveys. Even so, the surveys were showing a degraded surfing quality on the Bar. The Whangamatā Bar is Protected under the New Zealand Coastal Policy Statement 2010, yet to date the Local Authority, Waikato Regional Council (WRC) state that there

138-452: A kilometre east of the southern part of Whangamatā beach (Otahu Beach). Tuatara roamed on Whenuakura until fairly recently. Whenuakura Island has a large collapsed blow hole which has formed a small beach inside the island – hence the alternative name. The town has two ocean beaches, both of which are extremely safe for swimming and surfing. There is a safe boating harbour at the North end of

184-764: A population density of 3.3 people per km . Whangamatā Rural had a population of 432 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 75 people (21.0%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 30 people (7.5%) since the 2006 census . There were 174 households, comprising 213 males and 216 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.99 males per female. The median age was 56.2 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 66 people (15.3%) aged under 15 years, 39 (9.0%) aged 15 to 29, 195 (45.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 129 (29.9%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 86.1% European/ Pākehā , 22.2% Māori , 1.4% Pacific peoples , 1.4% Asian , and 2.8% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas

230-775: A population density of 522 people per km . Whangamatā had a population of 4,074 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 558 people (15.9%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 513 people (14.4%) since the 2006 census . There were 1,821 households, comprising 2,019 males and 2,058 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.98 males per female. The median age was 57.8 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 561 people (13.8%) aged under 15 years, 396 (9.7%) aged 15 to 29, 1,593 (39.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,524 (37.4%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 91.4% European/ Pākehā , 15.8% Māori , 1.9% Pacific peoples , 1.8% Asian , and 1.2% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas

276-646: A ship of the British Royal Navy that stopped at Coromandel Harbour in 1820 to buy kauri spars. The ship was named for the Coromandel Coast of India. The peninsula is steep and hilly and largely covered in bush . The Coromandel Range forms the spine for most of the peninsula, with the Moehau Range at the northern end providing the highest point at nearly 900 metres (3,000 ft). The large Great Barrier Island , which lies beyond

322-657: A whole. During the Last Glacial Period when sea levels were over 100 metres lower than present day levels, the North and South islands were connected by a vast coastal plain which formed at the South Taranaki Bight . During this period, most of the North Island was covered in thorn scrubland and forest , while the modern-day Northland Peninsula was a subtropical rainforest . Sea levels began to rise 7,000 years ago, eventually separating

368-465: Is in the North Island", "my mother lives in the North Island". Maps, headings, tables, and adjectival expressions use North Island without "the". According to Māori mythology , the North and South Islands of New Zealand arose through the actions of the demigod Māui . Māui and his brothers were fishing from their canoe (the South Island) when he caught a great fish and pulled it right up from

414-469: Is not enough science to prove that the degradation is caused by the marina or some other natural phenomena. However, while WRC acknowledges that the Whangamatā Bar has degraded, WRC appear unwilling to enforce the Marina developers to conduct the appropriate science to ascertain the cause. The Environmental Defence Society has offered to host a workshop (without prejudice) to find positive outcomes. To date,

460-474: Is one of the two main islands of New Zealand , separated from the larger but less populous South Island by Cook Strait . With an area of 113,729 km (43,911 sq mi), it is the world's 14th-largest island , constituting 43% of New Zealand's land area. It has a population of 4,077,800 (June 2024), which is 76% of New Zealand's residents, making it the most populous island in Polynesia and

506-403: Is to be permanently removed from the estuary's sedimentary cycle. Surfers, environmentalists and Māori have opposed the marina due to the effects upon a major wetland area and the risk to a world-class left hand surf break . An Environment Court hearing stipulated that the marina could go ahead as long as certain conditions were met. Chris Carter , a former Minister of Conservation , blocked

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552-448: The 28th-most-populous island in the world. Twelve main urban areas (half of them officially cities) are in the North Island. From north to south, they are Whangārei , Auckland , Hamilton , Tauranga , Rotorua , Gisborne , New Plymouth , Napier , Hastings , Whanganui , Palmerston North , and New Zealand's capital city Wellington , which is located at the south-west tip of the island. The island has been known internationally as

598-533: The Miocene and Pliocene periods. Volcanic activity has since primarily shifted southeast to the Taupo Volcanic Zone , although Mayor Island some 25 km to the east was recently active. Geothermal activity is still present on the peninsula, with hot springs in several places, notably at Hot Water Beach (in the central east coast between Whitianga and Tairua ) and near Te Aroha . Owing to

644-506: The North Island for many years. The Te Reo Māori name for it, Te Ika-a-Māui , also has official recognition but it remains seldom used by most residents. On some 19th-century maps, the North Island is named New Ulster (named after Ulster province in northern Ireland) which was also a province of New Zealand that included the North Island. In 2009 the New Zealand Geographic Board found that, along with

690-499: The counterculture back-to-the-land movement . As of 2010, increasing numbers of affluent Aucklanders have started moving to the Coromandel. Population density decreases with both distance from the coast and distance north. Of the main population centres, only Coromandel, Colville, Matarangi and Whitianga lie in the north of the peninsula, and much of the inland parts remain virtually uninhabited. Prior to contact with Europeans,

736-590: The 2023 census, 63.1% of North Islanders identified as European ( Pākehā ), 19.8% as Māori , 10.6% as Pacific peoples , 19.3% as Asian , 1.9% as Middle Eastern/Latin American/African, and 1.1% as other ethnicities. Percentages add to more than 100% as people can identify with more than one ethnicity. Māori form the majority in three districts of the North Island: Kawerau (63.2%), Ōpōtiki (66.2%) and Wairoa (68.5%). Europeans formed

782-495: The North Island add significantly to activity in the area, particularly in Whangamatā, Whitianga, Matarangi, Tairua and Pauanui. The peninsula is a popular place to live for people who have chosen an alternative lifestyle , especially those who have left Auckland. The 1970s saw thousands of hippies relocate from large cities around New Zealand to the Coromandel in search of an environmentally friendly lifestyle associated with

828-557: The North Island is provided by fifteen District Health Boards (DHBs) . Organised around geographical areas of varying population sizes, they are not coterminous with the Local Government Regions . Whangamat%C4%81 The town of Whangamatā is on the southeast coast of the Coromandel Peninsula in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located 30 kilometres north of Waihi , to the north of

874-519: The South Island, the North Island had no official name. After a public consultation, the board officially named it North Island, or the aforementioned Te Ika-a-Māui, in October 2013. In prose, the two main islands of New Zealand are called the North Island and the South Island , with the definite article. It is also normal to use the preposition in rather than on , for example "Hamilton

920-437: The South Island, this is solely due to the North Island having higher natural increase (i.e. births minus deaths) and international migration; since the late 1980s, the internal migration flow has been from the North Island to the South Island. In the year to June 2020, the North Island gained 21,950 people from natural increase and 62,710 people from international migration, while losing 3,570 people from internal migration. At

966-462: The South Island, with the country's largest city, Auckland, and the capital, Wellington, accounting for nearly half of it. There are 30 urban areas in the North Island with a population of 10,000 or more: The sub-national GDP of the North Island was estimated at NZ$ 282.355 billion in 2021 (78% of New Zealand's national GDP). Nine local government regions cover the North Island and its adjacent islands and territorial waters. Healthcare in

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1012-635: The Tahanga Quarries of Ōpito Bay were an important source of basalt ( karā or pakawera ), which Māori used in the production of stone tools such as adzes (particularly during the Māori Archaic period (1300–1500)). The area was once known largely for its hard-rock gold mining and kauri forestry industries, but is now a popular tourist destination. Most mining ceased around the 1980s. In late 2009, New Zealand's Energy and Resources Minister Gerry Brownlee ( National Party ) noted that there

1058-414: The Whangamatā estuary. The Whangamatā estuary is the shallowest on the North Island, with approximately 75% of the estuary’s water volume leaving on the low tide. The new marina basin at low tide is below sea level. Since the consent was granted, many new, and non-notified consents have been granted, including that the boat channel no longer has to be rock walled, meaning that a great deal more marine material

1104-411: The circumnavigation of New Zealand. The maps described the North Island as " Ea Heinom Auwe " and " Aeheinomowe ", which recognises the "Fish of Māui" element. Another Māori name that was given to the North Island, but is now used less commonly, is Aotearoa . Use of Aotearoa to describe the North Island fell out of favour in the early 20th century, and it is now a collective Māori name for New Zealand as

1150-453: The coast of the Firth of Thames in the southwest. Other small towns on the peninsula include Te Puru , Matarangi , Whangapoua , Whiritoa , Hikuai , Port Jackson, Port Charles, Tairua , Pauanui and Colville . The population of several of these centres is highly seasonal, with many Aucklanders having holiday homes in the Coromandel. During the summer holiday period around Christmas and New Year, visiting families and travellers from around

1196-534: The coasts as their numbers began to recover, such as southern right whale , Bryde's whale and humpback whale . The towns are connected by State Highways 25 and 25A , which form a circuit around the peninsula. Not all of the roads on the peninsula are sealed (i.e. are gravel roads ) notably the 309 Road , which connects Coromandel Town and Whitianga. Some hire car companies have contracts that specifically exclude driving on these roads. A passenger ferry runs from Ferry Landing to Whitianga, providing direct access to

1242-451: The conclusion of the Otago gold rush in the 1860s, New Zealand's European population growth has experienced a steady 'Northern drift' as population centres in the North Island have grown faster than those of New Zealand's South Island. This population trend has continued into the twenty-first century, but at a much slower rate. While the North Island's population continues to grow faster than

1288-441: The development but his decision was judicially reviewed by the marina developers. The decision was sent back to Conservation Minister Chris Carter, who stated that in the interests of transparency he would then give the final decision to Environment Minister David Benson-Pope , who allowed the marina to go ahead provided that strict conditions were met regarding containment of dredged materials during construction and monitoring of

1334-678: The inland part of the peninsula. Numerous small islands and island groups lie offshore, such as the Motukawao Islands to the northwest, the Aldermen Islands and Slipper Island to the southeast, and the Mercury Islands to the northeast. The peninsula shows considerable signs of past volcanism. It comprises the eroded remnants of the Coromandel Volcanic Zone , which was highly active during

1380-660: The islands and linking the Cook Strait to the Tasman Sea . The North Island has an estimated population of 4,077,800 as of June 2024. The North Island had a population of 3,808,005 at the 2023 New Zealand census , an increase of 213,453 people (5.9%) since the 2018 census , and an increase of 570,957 people (17.6%) since the 2013 census . Of the total population, 733,893 people (19.3%) were aged under 15 years, 743,154 (19.5%) were 15 to 29, 1,721,427 (45.2%) were 30 to 64, and 609,534 (16.0%) were 65 or older. Ever since

1426-716: The legend of Māui and the Fish , in which the demigod uses his hook to catch a great fish (Te Ika-a-Māui or the North Island) from the depths of the Pacific Ocean. In Hauraki Māori tradition, the fish is likened to a stingray , with the Wellington Region being its head, the Northland Peninsula its tail, and Coromandel Peninsula its barb or spine. The English-language name for the peninsula comes from HMS Coromandel (originally named HMS Malabar ),

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1472-712: The narrow coastal strips fronting the Hauraki Gulf and the Bay of Plenty. In clear weather the peninsula is clearly visible from Auckland , the country's biggest city, which lies on the far shore of the Hauraki Gulf, 55 kilometres (34 mi) to the west. The peninsula is part of the Thames-Coromandel District and the Waikato Region . The Māori name for the peninsula is Te Tara-o-te-Ika-a-Māui , meaning "the barb of Māui's fish". This comes from

1518-406: The nature of the land, much of the Coromandel's population clusters in a small number of towns and communities along the southeastern and southwestern coasts. Only five towns have populations of over 1000 ( Coromandel , Whitianga , Thames , Tairua , and Whangamatā ), and of these only Thames, with 7,440 people, and Whitianga, with 6,540 people, have populations of over 5000. Several small towns dot

1564-562: The northern tip, can be thought of as an extension of the ranges. The island is separated from Cape Colville on the peninsula's northern coast by the Colville Channel . Although the peninsula is close to large centres of population such as Auckland to the west and Tauranga to the southeast, its rugged nature means that much of it is relatively isolated, and the interior and northern tip are both largely undeveloped and sparsely inhabited. The Coromandel Forest Park covers much of

1610-440: The peninsula's east coast. The town of Whangamatā is a popular holiday retreat, and Whitianga on Mercury Bay is renowned for its yachting . The peninsula's waters are also a popular destination for scuba divers . Cathedral Cove , named for its cathedral-like arch through the limestone cliff, is a popular destination, only accessible by boat or on foot. In recent years, dolphins and more coast-loving whales are appearing along

1656-470: The plurality in the Auckland region (49.8%) and are the majority in the remaining 39 districts. The proportion of North Islanders born overseas at the 2018 census were 29.3%. The most common foreign countries of birth were England (15.4% of overseas-born residents), Mainland China (11.3%), India (10.1%), South Africa (5.9%), Australia (5.5%) and Samoa (5.3%). The North Island has a larger population than

1702-486: The sea. While he was not looking, his brothers fought over the fish and chopped it up. This great fish became the North Island, and thus a Māori name for the North Island is Te Ika-a-Māui ("The Fish of Māui"). The mountains and valleys are believed to have been formed as a result of Māui's brothers' hacking at the fish. During Captain James Cook 's voyage between 1769 and 1770 , Tahitian navigator Tupaia accompanied

1748-503: The shops and restaurants of Whitianga for pedestrians and cyclists based in Cook's Beach, Flaxmill Bay, Front Beach, and Ferry Landing. The ferry takes only 5 minutes to cross the harbour, while the trip by road takes 40 to 45 minutes. North Island The North Island ( Māori : Te Ika-a-Māui [tɛ i.kɐ ɐ mɑː.ʉ.i] , lit. 'the fish of Māui', officially North Island or Te Ika-a-Māui or historically New Ulster )

1794-690: The town and another estuary at the South end. 15 minutes drive south of Whangamatā is the quietly popular beach Whiritoa . Other beaches just north of Whangamatā are Onemana and Opoutere . The Māori name 'Whangamatā' comes from the words 'whanga', which means bay, and 'matā', which means a hard stone, in reference to the obsidian which washes up on the beach. Areas along the coast such as Onemana were locations where matā ( chert ) and matā tūhua (obsidian) were found and processed into stone tools. Whangamatā covers 8.46 km (3.27 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 4,420 as of June 2024, with

1840-450: The western extremity of the Bay of Plenty . In holiday times the population swells considerably: New Year's celebrations fill the town to over 25,000 though this falls soon after New Year's Day. A number of off-shore islands can be seen from the beach. Hauturu or Clark Island is accessible by wading at low tide and is popular in summer months for rock-pool fossickers and kayakers. Whenuakura , sometimes known as Donut Island, sits about

1886-545: The world-famous surf break at the estuary's entrance. Several rare species were displaced or exterminated for the development, including the rare Oligosoma moco skink. The marina opened in November 2009. In May 2012 a meeting of local surfers and Coastal processes scientists concluded that the Whangamatā Bar had degraded for the sport of surfing, soon after the Surfbreak Protection Society released

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1932-461: Was $ 24,900, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 381 people (10.8%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,134 (32.3%) people were employed full-time, 570 (16.2%) were part-time, and 78 (2.2%) were unemployed. Whangamatā Rural statistical area, which includes Onemana and Opoutere , covers 153.67 km (59.33 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 510 as of June 2024, with

1978-440: Was $ 29,200, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 42 people (11.5%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 138 (37.7%) people were employed full-time, 72 (19.7%) were part-time, and 9 (2.5%) were unemployed. Whangamata Area School is a coeducational composite school (years 1–13) with a roll of 548 students as of August 2024. A controversial marina has been constructed on

2024-467: Was 13.6, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 54.2% had no religion, 35.3% were Christian , 0.4% had Māori religious beliefs , 0.7% were Hindu , 0.1% were Muslim , 0.4% were Buddhist and 1.3% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 429 (12.2%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 882 (25.1%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income

2070-426: Was 18.1, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 59.0% had no religion, 31.2% were Christian , 0.7% had Māori religious beliefs , 0.7% were Buddhist and 0.7% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 69 (18.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 72 (19.7%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income

2116-426: Was a possibility of new mining in conservation areas, even though he had previously declared that a stocktake of mineral resources in protected areas did not indicate a desire to mine there. A forest park occupies much of the centre of the peninsula, and the coasts are dotted with numerous beaches and scenic views. Evidence of the region's geothermal origins can be found in hot springs , notably at Hot Water Beach on

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