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25-428: Cosoleacaque borders to the north on Coatzacoalcos and Pajapan , to the south on Minatitlán , to the east on Ixhuatlán del Sureste and Nanchital and to the west on Chinameca . The weather is warm all year with rains in summer and autumn. Cosoleacaque's main products are maize and rice . Cosoleacaque has a celebration in honor of Santa Cruz, patron of the town. Minatitlán/Coatzacoalcos International Airport

50-621: A reformed Albinegros de Orizaba . The Delfines de Coatzacoalcos (Dolphins) play in the Estadio Rafael Hernández Ochoa , which was built in 1980. The Universidad Istmo Americana F.C. plays in the Tercera División de México and is based in Coatzacoalcos. Coatzacoalcos has been a transportation hub for hundreds of years. It is connected via air, water, road, and rail to the surrounding region and

75-508: A surface area of 471.16 km (181.916 sq mi) and reported a population of 310,698 persons. The municipality population in 2015 was 319,187 a decrease of 9% over 2020. Coatzacoalcos comes from a Nahuatl word meaning "site of the Snake" or "where the snake hides." According to the legend, this is where the god Quetzalcoatl made his final journey to the sea in around 999 and he made his promise to return. Coatzacoalcos sits within

100-611: Is a major port city in the southern part of the Mexican state of Veracruz , mostly on the western side of the Coatzacoalcos River estuary, on the Bay of Campeche , on the southern Gulf of Mexico coast. The city serves as the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name. The city had a 2020 census population of 212,540, making it the third-largest city in the state after Veracruz and Xalapa . The municipality covers

125-738: Is located in Cosoleacaque. Former mayor Gladys Merlín Castro ( PRI , 2008-2010) and her daughter, Carla Enríquez Merlín, were shot and killed outside their home in Barrio Segundo on February 16, 2021. As of March 5, 2021, 577 confirmed cases and 130 deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico had been reported. Coatzacoalcos Coatzacoalcos ( Spanish: [koatsakoˈalkos] ; Nahuatl languages : Koatzakwalko ; Zapotec : Niniashi ; Popoluca : Puertu )

150-533: Is the seat of a Metropolitan Area, which together with the municipalities of Ixhuatlán del Sureste and Nanchital de Lázaro Cárdenas del Río had a population of 354,606 in 2020. The Universidad Veracruzana maintains a branch campus and library in Coatzacoalcos. Also, TecNM has a campus in the city. The Tiburones Rojos de Coatzacoalcos (Red Sharks) played in the Primera División A until December 2008 when they moved to Orizaba to become part of

175-1179: The Isthmus of Tehuantepec , or for a much expanded railroad system, for over a century. In the Köppen climate classification the climate is classified as Am for a tropical monsoon climate . A typical year sees more than 290 centimetres (110 in) of rainfall. Lying on the Gulf of Mexico, Coatzacoalcos has been struck by several hurricanes and tropical storms such as Hurricane Diana in August 1990, Hurricane Mitch in November 1998, Tropical Storm Larry in October 2003, Hurricane Stan in October 2005, Hurricane Dean in August 2007, Tropical Storm Marco in October 2008, Tropical Storm Hermine in early September 2010, Hurricane Karl in mid September 2010, Tropical Storm Matthew in late September 2010, Hurricane Richard in October 2010 and Hurricane Agatha in late May 2022. The winter months are cooler and drier than

200-605: The Olmec heartland . Excavations in 2008 for a tunnel under the Coatzacoalcos River indicate a substantial pre-Hispanic population. By the time of the Spanish arrival the area was under Mayan influence . In 1522, Hernán Cortés ordered Gonzalo de Sandoval to fund a settlement near Guazacualco. Sandoval named it Villa del Espíritu Santo . San Martín Tuxtla is an active volcano lying northwest of Coatzcoalcos in

225-525: The Sierra de los Tuxtlas . It erupted in 1664, in May 1793 with large ash falls and lava flows, and most recently in 1796. The town was elevated to the category of port in 1825 and the name was changed to Coatzacoalcos . The municipality of Coatzacoalcos was established 22 December 1881, with the town as its seat. In 1900 the town name was changed to Puerto México . In 1911 it was elevated to city, and in 1936

250-468: The Tigres de la UANL , in the Primera División de México . Also, Silviano Delgado Valladolid , who was part of Mexico's National Squad during Barcelona 1992 Olympic Games and played for Toluca F.C., Puebla F.C., Morelia F.C. Coatzacoalcos River The Coatzacoalcos is a large river that feeds mainly the south part of the state of Veracruz ; it originates in the Sierra de Niltepec and crosses

275-801: The Yucatán Peninsula and oil fields in Campeche to the rest of Mexico and to the port of Salina Cruz in Oaxaca on the Pacific coast. The city is located at 18°9′N 94°26′W  /  18.150°N 94.433°W  / 18.150; -94.433 where the Coatzacoalcos River debouches into the Bay of Campeche . Overland it is connected by road and rail to the Pacific Ocean about 160 kilometres (99 mi) away. This location has prompted plans for an interoceanic waterway across

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300-709: The Port of Coatzacoalcos and the United States at the Port of Mobile in Alabama . Ferrosur also provides rail service in and out of Coatzacoalcos as far southeast as Las Choapas , to the north and west to Veracruz and Mexico City , as well as to the south over the Tehuantepec route now owned by Ferrocarril Transístmico from Medias Aguas to Salina Cruz in the state of Oaxaca . Mexican Federal Highway 180 follows

325-535: The map of Coatzacoalcos would have been drawn to show the viability of using the river as an interoceanic passage. According to legend, the Mesoamerican god Quetzalcoatl was aboard a raft made of a serpent skin and navigated until getting lost into the horizon. Ever since, the river has been known as Coatzacoalcos, which means "the place where the serpent hides" in Nahuatl . The city of Coatzacoalcos , at

350-582: The map suggests that it was made hastily. Both the errors in the distances and the numerous corrections that can still be observed support this conjecture. It seems that Francisco Gali was more interested from his point of view as an explorer and navigator in the most important aspect of the region: the possibility of connecting the North Sea and the South Sea through the Strait of Tehuantepec. In this respect,

375-537: The most important concentrations of its kind in the world. The state-owned Pemex Petroquímica subsidiary is headquartered in Coatzacoalcos and 85% of its production is concentrated there. In 2020, the municipality reported a population of 310,698 inhabitants, 212,540 residing in the municipal seat,. which makes it the 3th largest in the state after Veracruz and Xalapa . Other townships include Olmec City (24,085 hab.), Allende (23,351 hab.), Villa San Martín (15,659 hab.) and Puerto Esmeralda (9,585 hab.). Coatzacoalcos

400-591: The name was changed to the current Coatzacoalcos. On 23 July 1940, Coatzacoalcos welcomed refugees from the Spanish Civil War who sought asylum in Mexico after travelling across the Atlantic aboard the SS Santo Domingo . In 1959, the city suffered damage from an M w   6.4 earthquake . Coatzacoalcos became a very important crossroads during the oil boom of the 1970s, connecting

425-486: The northern terminus of Mexican Federal Highway 185 , which links it with the Pacific Ocean at Salina Cruz , Oaxaca , on the other side of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec . Coatzacoalcos is the birthplace of actress Salma Hayek ; journalist María Antonieta Collins ; and footballers Sergio Ramirez, who played for FC Ararat Yerevan , in the Armenian Premier League and José Arturo Rivas , who played for

450-654: The port saw an increase of shipping via the Isthmus of Tehuantepec , particularly from the American-Hawaiian Steamship Company . The port saw a decrease in traffic after the opening of the Panama Canal from 1914 on, but traffic has started to build up since the oil boom of the 1970s. The railway is now known as the Ferrocarril Transístmico ("Trans-Isthmic Railroad"). The CG Railway operates train ferries between

475-542: The rest of the world. The Minatitlán/Coatzacoalcos National Airport is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) away in Cosoleacaque and has been an international airport since August 2006. The Port of Coatzacoalcos (Puerto México) is an international port of entry that provides transhipment of oil and petrochemicals. After an upgrade to the railway along the Tehuantepec Route was opened in 1907 by Porfirio Díaz

500-504: The river's mouth, is one of the most commercial and industrialized ports, considered the third most important in the Gulf of Mexico, offering one of the most important means of transportation for an international commerce whose products are important to the local industrial farming business, forestry, and commerce in general for the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. The Coatzacoalcos is also among the world's most contaminated rivers, partly because of

525-469: The river. Hernán Cortés sent Diego de Ordaz to explore the river as a possible port. The Coatzacoalcos River is one of the most important rivers in Mexico. The oldest map of this river was drawn by Francisco Gali in 1580. Unlike most maps made in New Spain in the last quarter of the sixteenth century, this map is purely European in style and is somewhat reminiscent of a nautical chart. Analysis of

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550-470: The southern shore of the Bay of Campeche through Coatzacoalcos to the Yucatán Peninsula . Highway 180 and a rail line to Allende have been carried over the Coatzacoalcos River via the 1910 built Coatza I bridge for more than a century. A second cable stayed bridge known as Coatza II or Antonio Dovalí Jaime was built to the south to carry more road traffic over the river. It was constructed starting in 1979 and

575-490: The state of Oaxaca in the region of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec , flowing for 325 kilometres (202 miles) toward the Gulf of Mexico . Tributaries include El Corte , Sarabia , Jaltepec , Chalchijalpa , El Chiquito, Uxpanapa , and Calzadas. The merging of all these rivers creates one of the largest current flows in the entire region. Two-thirds of the streams are navigable . Juan de Grijalva 's 1518 expedition encountered

600-562: The summer months. Occasionally, cold high pressure cells from North America drift south across the Gulf of Mexico and drive strong Tehuano winds across the Isthmus, with very strong wind concentration taking place in Chivela Pass in Oaxaca. The city's industry is dominated by the petrochemical sector. Four big industrial petrochemical complexes are located near the city (Pajaritos, Cosoleacaque, Morelos and Cangrejera) making it one of

625-399: Was opened by President Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado on 17 October 1984. Coatza II has a center span of 288 metres (945 ft) and an overall length of 698.25 metres (2,290.8 ft). A ferry operates between the city of Coatzacoalcos and Allende, which in 2017 was supplemented by a 1.1-kilometre (0.68 mi) underwater tunnel that carries four lanes of traffic. Coatzacoalcos is also

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