This is an accepted version of this page
128-730: The Catalonia national football team ( Catalan : Selecció de futbol de Catalunya ) is the official football team of Catalonia . It is organised by the Catalan Football Federation , founded in 1900. The team has been referred to by various names including Selecció Catalana , Selecció de Barcelona and the Catalan XI . As the Catalan Federation is affiliated with the Royal Spanish Football Federation as one of
256-747: A 2011 study the total number of Catalan speakers was over 9.8 million, with 5.9 million residing in Catalonia. More than half of them spoke Catalan as a second language, with native speakers being about 4.4 million of those (more than 2.8 in Catalonia). Very few Catalan monoglots exist; virtually all of the Catalan speakers in Spain are bilingual speakers of Catalan and Spanish, with 99.7% of Catalan speakers in Catalonia able to speak Spanish and 99.9% able to understand it. In Roussillon , only
384-621: A 2–2 draw to the Catalans, meaning Catalonia won the trophy for the first time in their history. Because of the absence of the Northern team , a second match was played between Catalonia and Centro, elucidating the title to a two-legged final. Catalonia's line-up was exactly the same for both games: Gibert ; Pakán , Sampere , Salvó I ; Casellas , Prat , Kinké , Monistrol ; Cabedo , López and Raich . Four of these players, Gibert, Pakán, Sampere and López, played for Espanyol at
512-529: A Paris XI, which they lost 1-3, with the author of the Catalan goals being Carles Comamala . The team was: Costa, Bru , Halden, Massana , Aguirreche , Sampere , Barenys , Angoso, Berdié , Comamala and Roteta. On 20 February 1912, they made their international friendly debut against France , losing 7–0 in Paris . The team was: Reñé , Irízar , Amechazurra , German, Peris , Kinké , Forns , Pepe Rodríguez , Comamala , Morales and Ramirez. On 1 December 1912,
640-424: A denomination based on cultural affinity and common heritage, that has also had a subsequent political interpretation but no official status. Various interpretations of the term may include some or all of these regions. The number of people known to be fluent in Catalan varies depending on the sources used. A 2004 study did not count the total number of speakers, but estimated a total of 9–9.5 million by matching
768-556: A friendly against Argentina, which ended in a Catalonia win, 4–2 at Camp Nou. On 28 December 2010, Catalonia played another friendly against Honduras winning 4–0 at Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys . On 30 December 2011, Catalonia played Tunisia in a goalless draw at the Lluís Companys. In their last game under Cruyff, on 2 January 2013, Catalonia drew with Nigeria at the Cornellà-El Prat , 1–1. Former player Gerard
896-715: A good month when on June 29 they beat the reigning official La Liga champions, Athletic Bilbao , 5–1. After the Spanish Civil War , caudillo Francisco Franco imposed several restrictions on Catalonia , abolishing the Generalitat de Catalunya and banning the official use of the Catalan language and the Catalan flag . Despite these restrictions, the Catalan XI continued to play regularly during this period and even played Spain twice. On 19 October 1947, at
1024-529: A large number of Catalan colonies that today continue to maintain the Catalan language. They also founded many Catalan casals (associations). One classification of Catalan is given by Pèire Bèc : However, the ascription of Catalan to the Occitano-Romance branch of Gallo-Romance languages is not shared by all linguists and philologists, particularly among Spanish ones, such as Ramón Menéndez Pidal . Catalan bears varying degrees of similarity to
1152-415: A lot, and De Miguel and Sansinenea, who, although obsessed with doing everything by themselves, played brilliantly. The 6–3 aggregate win meant Centro was proclaimed champions again, thus becoming the last winners of the competition's first stage as well as the first team to win the cup twice, doing so in consecutive editions, although the 1918 games sparked little interest in the fans. Two years later,
1280-500: A minority of French Catalans speak Catalan nowadays, with French being the majority language for the inhabitants after a continued process of language shift . According to a 2019 survey by the Catalan government, 31.5% of the inhabitants of Catalonia predominantly spoke Catalan at home whereas 52.7% spoke Spanish, 2.8% both Catalan and Spanish and 10.8% other languages. Spanish was the most spoken language in Barcelona (according to
1408-666: A network of community-run schools engaged in Catalan language immersion programs. In Alicante province , Catalan is being replaced by Spanish and in Alghero by Italian . There is also well ingrained diglossia in the Valencian Community , Ibiza , and to a lesser extent, in the rest of the Balearic islands . During the 20th century many Catalans emigrated or went into exile to Venezuela , Mexico , Cuba , Argentina , and other South American countries. They formed
SECTION 10
#17327804799221536-465: A score of 2–1, and then beat Biscay XI 1–0 in the semi-finals with the solitary goal being scored by Cristóbal Martí . The final was played on 24 February 1924 in San Mamés against a Castile/Madrid XI , and the game was a tremendously competitive clash, with back-and-forth drama on the scoreboard, but at the end of regulation time the match was tied at 3–3 with Samitier (twice) and Piera scoring
1664-457: A second friendly game and this time won 5–2 at the Camp Nou , where some months later Argentina defeated Catalonia 3–0. The last friendly matches have been against Paraguay , Costa Rica , Basque Country, Argentina and Colombia . On 2 November 2009, it was announced that Dutch legend and former Barcelona manager Johan Cruyff would be the new coach of Catalonia. On 22 December 2009, they played
1792-1064: A shared history with the Western Romance innovative core, especially Occitan. Like all Romance languages, Catalan has a handful of native words which are unique to it, or rare elsewhere. These include: The Gothic superstrate produced different outcomes in Spanish and Catalan. For example, Catalan fang "mud" and rostir "to roast", of Germanic origin, contrast with Spanish lodo and asar , of Latin origin; whereas Catalan filosa "spinning wheel" and templa "temple", of Latin origin, contrast with Spanish rueca and sien , of Germanic origin. The same happens with Arabic loanwords. Thus, Catalan alfàbia "large earthenware jar" and rajola "tile", of Arabic origin, contrast with Spanish tinaja and teja , of Latin origin; whereas Catalan oli "oil" and oliva "olive", of Latin origin, contrast with Spanish aceite and aceituna . However,
1920-534: A shocking 6–3 win in the first leg at the Campo de O'Donnell in Madrid . They then relinquished the trophy in 1917 after losing 2–0 to a weak Castile XI side. During the 1920s, a team featuring Josep Samitier , Paulino Alcántara , Sagibarba and Ricardo Zamora helped the Catalan XI win the competition in 1924 and 1926 . In the quarter-finals of the former, Catalonia defeated a Gipuzkoa XI featuring René Petit by
2048-674: A total of 11 players have managed to score at both the Prince of Asturias Cup and at international level for Spain: Patricio , Domingo Acedo , Paulino Alcántara , Manuel Meana , Travieso , Vicente Piera , Juan Monjardín , José Luis Zabala , Josep Samitier , Carmelo and Eduardo Cubells , with Patricio and Alcántara being the only ones who scored in the first phase of the Prince of Asturias Cup (1915–18). Only 5 players have managed to score multiple goals on both sides: Alcántara (2/6), Travieso (3/2), Monjardín (6/3), Zabala (6/4) and Samitier (4/2). The only players to have scored in both phases of
2176-525: A transition from Medieval to Renaissance values, something that can also be seen in Metge 's work. The first book produced with movable type in the Iberian Peninsula was printed in Catalan. With the union of the crowns of Castille and Aragon in 1479, the Spanish kings ruled over different kingdoms, each with its own cultural, linguistic and political particularities, and they had to swear by
2304-610: A visiting player (probably Artur Cella ) due to the protests, to which the Catalan team left the match in protest. Atlético's Saturno Villaverde was the star of the tournament, being the top scorer with 3 goals - a brace against Catalonia in a 2–2 draw and the winner against Cantabria in a 3–2 win - thus going from an utter unknown of the masses to the tournament's surprise package and a loved hero in Madrid. Note: Some sources claim that both of Catalonia's goals were actually two first-half own goals from Centro's Yáñez. Note: After
2432-644: Is a Western Romance language . It is the official language of Andorra , and an official language of three autonomous communities in eastern Spain : Catalonia , the Balearic Islands and the Valencian Community , where it is called Valencian ( valencià ). It has semi-official status in the Italian comune of Alghero , and it is spoken in the Pyrénées-Orientales department of France and in two further areas in eastern Spain:
2560-415: Is mandatory in all schools, but it is possible to use Spanish for studying in the public education system of Catalonia in two situations—if the teacher assigned to a class chooses to use Spanish, or during the learning process of one or more recently arrived immigrant students. There is also some intergenerational shift towards Catalan. More recently, several Spanish political forces have tried to increase
2688-412: Is much less frequent in the 21st century. With the notable exception of Alfredo Di Stéfano , most were playing for Barcelona or Espanyol at the time. Some of these players, such as Andrés Iniesta , César Rodríguez , Francisco Bru , Guillermo Amor and Pepe Reina had lived a large part of their lives in Catalonia due to their football careers. Catalan language Catalan ( català )
SECTION 20
#17327804799222816-485: Is no record of the result, while the first recorded game between the two teams took place on 3 January 1915 at San Mamés Stadium , which ended in a 6–1 loss to the Catalan side. Between 1915 and 1926, the Catalan XI competed in the Copa Príncep d'Astúries , an inter-regional competition. They finished as runners-up in 1915 and won for the first time in 1916, beating a Castile/Madrid XI 8–5 over two games, including
2944-600: Is pronounced [kətəˈla] in the Eastern Catalan dialects, and [kataˈla] in the Western dialects. In the Valencian Community and Carche , the term valencià [valensiˈa] is frequently used instead. Thus, the name "Valencian", although often employed for referring to the varieties specific to the Valencian Community and Carche, is also used by Valencians as a name for
3072-403: Is the only game in the competition's history in which a team scored at least 5 goals. Oddly, this was the only time Cabedo found the back of the net in the Prince of Asturias Cup, but despite that his 4-goal haul alone makes him one of the all-time top goal scorer in the competition's history . It's also worth mentioning that some reports list José Luis Zabala as the author of the opening goal of
3200-458: The 1915 Copa del Rey Final . Centro's line-up: Pelous , Carruana , Beguiristain , Eulogio Aranguren , Feliciano Rey , Machimbarrena , Quintana , René Petit , Álvarez , Montero , Sotero Aranguren ( Bernabéu ). Catalonia's line-up: Luis Bru , Reguera ( Santiago Massana ), Miguel Matifoll ( Casellas ), Torralba , Alfredo Massana , Alcántara , Monistrol , Mallorquí , Baró , Peris and Martínez ( Kinké ). The following year
3328-427: The 1915 Copa del Rey Final . Centro's line-ups: Cárcer ( Pascual ); Erice (La Serna), Carruana ; E. Aranguren ( Tejedor ), René Petit ( Castell ), Quintana ; Álvarez , Santiago Bernabéu , E. Uribarri ( Pelous ), Larrañaga and De Miguel . Four of these players, Erice, Petit, Álvarez and De Miguel, played for Madrid FC at the 1917 Copa del Rey Final . The third edition of the tournament suffered again
3456-426: The 1922–23 final on 25 February 1923, which together with his second-half brace makes for another hat-trick in the competition, and one that handed Asturias a 3-1 win over Galicia at Coia . Zabala and Monjardín, the competition's top scorers, also hold the record for the most braces, with two each. Cubells, Monjardín and Herrera are the only ones to have scored a brace for a losing side. Ramón Herrera scored
3584-553: The 1923 Copa del Rey Final . Asturias side: Benjamín ; Quirós , Cuesta ; Bango , Menéndez, Corsino ; Matón, Avilesu , Herrera , Braulio and Argüelles (Quirós being replaced by Nico and Benjamín by Picú during the match). Notable figures with two goals include Santiago Bernabéu (1 goal in 1915 and 1916), René Petit (1 goal in 1915 and 1923–24), Paulino Alcántara (1 goal in 1915 and 1926), Ramón Polo Pardo (2 goals in 1922-23), Cristóbal Martí (1 goal in 1922–23 and 1923–24) and Vicente Piera (2 goals in 1923–24). From
3712-615: The Centro federation for winning two editions (1917 & 1918). In July 1922 it was agreed to introduce a new trophy called the Interregional Championship , which would be held on the road and with the mandatory participation of all regional federations associated with the Spanish FA. The high economic costs of travel again led to the disappearance of the competition, with a final tournament being played in 1926 with
3840-749: The Crown of Aragon , and Catalan was present all over the Mediterranean world. During this period, the Royal Chancery propagated a highly standardized language. Catalan was widely used as an official language in Sicily until the 15th century, and in Sardinia until the 17th. During this period, the language was what Costa Carreras terms "one of the 'great languages' of medieval Europe". Martorell 's novel of chivalry Tirant lo Blanc (1490) shows
3968-590: The Federación Española de Clubs de Football (FECF), a forerunner of the RFEF, in honour of the donator of the trophy, don Alfonso, Prince of Asturias , the first-born son of King Alfonso XIII and Prince of Asturias . This took place when Juan Padrós Rubio (the 2nd official President of Real Madrid ) held the FECF presidency. Coincidence or not, just as Juan Padrós Rubio was the driving force behind
Catalonia national football team - Misplaced Pages Continue
4096-467: The Gascon dialect ) is similar to the distance among different Occitan dialects. Catalan was considered a dialect of Occitan until the end of the 19th century and still today remains its closest relative. Catalan shares many traits with the other neighboring Romance languages (Occitan, French, Italian , Sardinian as well as Spanish and Portuguese among others). However, despite being spoken mostly on
4224-485: The Honor Award of Catalan Letters (1969). The first Catalan-language TV show was broadcast in 1964. At the same time, oppression of the Catalan language and identity was carried out in schools, through governmental bodies, and in religious centers. In addition to the loss of prestige for Catalan and its prohibition in schools, migration during the 1950s into Catalonia from other parts of Spain also contributed to
4352-486: The Iberian Peninsula , Catalan has marked differences with the Iberian Romance group ( Spanish and Portuguese ) in terms of pronunciation , grammar, and especially vocabulary; it shows instead its closest affinity with languages native to France and northern Italy, particularly Occitan and to a lesser extent Gallo-Romance ( Franco-Provençal , French , Gallo-Italian ). According to Ethnologue ,
4480-464: The Soviet Union at the Camp Nou on 6 June 1976. The team included Carles Rexach , guest Netherlands players Johan Cruyff and Johan Neeskens and Chilean international Carlos Caszely who played for Espanyol . The game finished 1–1 with Neeskens scoring for the Catalan XI. Cruyff's son, Jordi , would subsequently play regularly for the Catalan XI. Since the restoration of democracy in
4608-527: The Spanish national team made its official debut at the 1920 Olympic Games in Antwerp , and despite being their first-ever taste of an international major tournament they still managed to win the silver medal. Notably, the author of Spain's first-ever goal, Patricio , also scored in the first tournament of the Prince of Asturias Cup in 1915. This good run by the Spanish side increased football's popularity in
4736-514: The consul in Barcelona was also asked. He declared that Catalan "is taught in schools, it is printed and spoken, not only among the lower class, but also among people of first quality, also in social gatherings, as in visits and congresses", indicating that it was spoken everywhere "with the exception of the royal courts". He also indicated that Catalan was spoken "in the Kingdom of Valencia, in
4864-627: The eastern strip of Aragon and the Carche area in the Region of Murcia . The Catalan-speaking territories are often called the Països Catalans or "Catalan Countries". The language evolved from Vulgar Latin in the Middle Ages around the eastern Pyrenees . Nineteenth-century Spain saw a Catalan literary revival , culminating in the early 1900s. The word Catalan is derived from
4992-519: The fenced field that Atlético Madrid had between the streets of Narváez and O'Donnell. The new competition pitted the regional teams of Catalonia (which encompassed Barcelona , Lleida and Tarragona ), Castile — under the denomination of the Centro team (which encompassed Madrid and the wider Castile region) — and Basque Country — under the denomination of Norte team (which encompassed Basque Country and Cantabria ). The opening match between
5120-562: The final phase of the Copa del Rey) and controversies of another nature prevented the participation of the best players. Therefore, the edition that was held in Madrid between 20 and 23 January of that same year, was going to be the last in the first stage of this competition, and only the central team and the Cantabrian team participated, as they were the only ones that could put together a team with which to compete. The Castilian team won
5248-576: The laws of each territory before the respective parliaments . But after the War of the Spanish Succession , Spain became an absolute monarchy under Philip V , which led to the assimilation of the Crown of Aragon by the Crown of Castile through the Nueva Planta decrees , as a first step in the creation of the Spanish nation-state ; as in other contemporary European states, this meant
Catalonia national football team - Misplaced Pages Continue
5376-619: The 11th and 14th centuries. During the 11th and 12th centuries the Catalan rulers expanded southward to the Ebro river , and in the 13th century they conquered the lands that would become the Kingdoms of Valencia and the Majorca . The city of Alghero in Sardinia was repopulated with Catalan speakers in the 14th century. The language also reached Murcia , which became Spanish-speaking in
5504-672: The 15th century. In the Low Middle Ages , Catalan went through a golden age, reaching a peak of maturity and cultural richness. Examples include the work of Majorcan polymath Ramon Llull (1232–1315), the Four Great Chronicles (13th–14th centuries), and the Valencian school of poetry culminating in Ausiàs March (1397–1459). By the 15th century, the city of Valencia had become the sociocultural center of
5632-540: The 1920s also saw the Catalan XI play several international friendly matches. On 13 March 1924, at the Camp de Les Corts , the Catalan XI played Spain for the first time. The Spain XI included Josep Samitier and Zamora, two of the best Catalan players of the era, while the Catalan XI featured Alcántara and Sagibarba. Samiter scored twice to help Spain to a 7–0 win. On 13 December 1925, Samitier, Zamora, Alcántara and Sagibarba were on
5760-437: The 1970s, the Catalonia representative team has regularly played international friendly matches. They put together a string of successful results against countries like Bulgaria , Nigeria , Yugoslavia , Lithuania and Chile . On 5 May 2002, Catalonia hosted Brazil in a warm up friendly game before the official 2002 World Cup . Brazil, who went on to win the official competition, beat Catalonia 3–1. In 2004, Brazil returned for
5888-459: The 19th century saw a Catalan literary revival ( Renaixença ), which has continued up to the present day. This period starts with Aribau 's Ode to the Homeland (1833); followed in the second half of the 19th century, and the early 20th by the work of Verdaguer (poetry), Oller (realist novel), and Guimerà (drama). In the 19th century, the region of Carche , in the province of Murcia
6016-469: The Arabic element is generally much more prevalent in Spanish. Situated between two large linguistic blocks (Iberian Romance and Gallo-Romance), Catalan has many unique lexical choices, such as enyorar "to miss somebody", apaivagar "to calm somebody down", and rebutjar "reject". Traditionally Catalan-speaking territories are sometimes called the Països Catalans (Catalan Countries),
6144-657: The Catalan goals. In extra-time Juan Monjardín appeared to have won the game for the Castile/Madrid XI when he scored past Zamora, but with two minutes remaining Emili Sagi-Barba leveled the scores at 4–4 when no one was expecting it anymore, and the draw forced a replay two days later and this time Catalonia ended up winning 3–2 with goals from Carulla , Samitier and Piera, thus becoming champion. The Catalan team that lined-up that day was: Zamora, Massaguè , Montané , Caicedo , Sancho , Carulla , Piera , Martí , Peidró , Samitier and Sagibarba. The last edition of
6272-469: The Catalan team in most of their fixtures, this has led to the results falling in their favour more often than might be expected compared to other nations perceived to have a similar standard of players. The following players were called up for the friendly match against [REDACTED] Panama , on 29 May 2024. All caps and goals as of 29 May 2024 after match against [REDACTED] Panama . The following players have been called up for
6400-481: The Catalans and the Castilians was held on 10 May 1915, and was attended by his Majesty King Alfonso XIII , who chatted with the players during the break. The author of the competition's first-ever goal was Catalonia's Paulino Alcántara , who was only 18 years old at the time, and although Centro fought back and found an equaliser through René Petit , it was Catalonia who found the winner via Antonio Baró to beat
6528-569: The Centro team 2–1, with all the goals coming in the first half. Two days later the North team entered the fray, and they beat Catalonia with a solitary late goal from Juan Legarreta , despite the fact that Catalonia played better. Finally, the teams from the Center and the North met for the decisive game, and the Basques, who were playing without their biggest star Pichichi , managed to go ahead after
SECTION 50
#17327804799226656-549: The FIFA squad (usually Spain ) takes precedence. Clubs are also not obligated to release their players, and the request is sometimes refused by clubs outside the Spanish leagues, or when the fixture takes place during the domestic season and the club has important upcoming fixtures. Eligible players can also choose not to be involved. This means the Catalan squads are frequently below what would be considered their 'full strength', but also means those who do take part are fully committed to
6784-556: The Military Academies (made up of the Infantry Academy ), the latter withdrawing before the start of the tournament. The tournament was held in Madrid during the anniversary of the Prince of Asturias on 11 and 12 May 1913. The first leg was won by the North team 2–1 . The North won the second leg too, but in a controversial way. With only ten minutes played, it started hailing hard and shortly after that
6912-467: The Prince of Asturias Cup are Paulino Alcántara (1915 and 1926), Antonio De Miguel (1916 and 1923–24) and Kinké (1916 and 1922–23/1923–24). Eulogio Aranguren and Enrique Peris hold the peculiar distinction of being the only ones to have participated in the Prince of Asturias Cup as both a player and referee : Both of them played in the first edition of the competition with Centro and Catalonia respectively, and then, both refereed one quarter-final in
7040-402: The Prince of Asturias Cup under the umbrella of the national committee of the RFEF (Spanish FA), the first of which was organised in 1915. The first editions (1914 to 1918) of the competition were held in Madrid and the registration of the regional federations was voluntary. At the end of the fourth edition, the competition was stopped due to a lack of interest, and the trophy was awarded to
7168-465: The Prince of Asturias Cup, his brother, Carlos Padrós Rubio , was the driving force behind the Copa del Rey . The squads were selected by the clubs of each region, rather than by regional federations like in the next RFEF tournaments. The teams registered were the Center team (made up of players from Madrid FC , Gimnástica de Madrid and Español ), the North team (made up solely by Racing de Irún ) and
7296-427: The Prince of Asturias Cup, the results had not met the expectations generated in the competition. The intransigence of the clubs to allow the transfer of their players meant that there were few federations that could gather a complete team to participate, and when this was achieved, it could not be said that it was made up of the best players in the region. On the other hand, the incompetence of some federative leaders and
7424-894: The Roman province of Hispania Tarraconensis to the south. From the 8th century onwards the Catalan counts extended their territory southwards and westwards at the expense of the Muslims , bringing their language with them. This process was given definitive impetus with the separation of the County of Barcelona from the Carolingian Empire in 988. In the 11th century, documents written in macaronic Latin begin to show Catalan elements, with texts written almost completely in Romance appearing by 1080. Old Catalan shared many features with Gallo-Romance , diverging from Old Occitan between
7552-488: The Sarrià and with a team featuring Juan Velasco , Marià Gonzalvo , Joan Segarra and César , they beat Spain 3–1. On 9 August 1953, Spain avenged this defeat with a 6–0 win. During this era, several notable Barcelona players, including the Spanish players László Kubala , Luis Suárez , Evaristo and later Chus Pereda , played for the Catalan XI. On 26 January 1955, in a friendly game against Bologna at Les Corts, Kubala
7680-595: The Spanish province of Alicante settled around Oran , while those from French Catalonia and Menorca migrated to Algiers . By 1911, there were around 100,000 speakers of Patuet , as their speech was called. After the Algerian declaration of independence in 1962, almost all the Pied-Noir Catalan speakers fled to Northern Catalonia or Alicante. The French government only recognizes French as an official language. Nevertheless, on 10 December 2007,
7808-409: The Spanish mainland. Once again the proposal got an excellent reception among the clubs and the fans. Matches were now played at different venues, but due to logistic and financial problems, it was decided to stop the competition after the third edition, which was played between the winners of the first two with the sole objective of deciding which region obtained the cup to keep. The first edition of
SECTION 60
#17327804799227936-649: The absence of the Northern Team , whose Basque Football Federation was going through a convulsive period between the teams from Biscay and Gipuzkoa , culminating in a pivotal championship match between Athletic Bilbao (Biscay) and Real Sociedad (Gipuzkoa) being abandoned, and so, the recently created Federation of Cantabria took advantage of the absence of the Northern Team that was still in internal disputes, and sent its representation to Madrid to compete with Centro and Catalonia. The 1917 edition
8064-423: The aim of awarding ownership of the second trophy in dispute, and the champion was Catalonia . The Prince of Asturias Cup is among the oldest Spanish football competitions along with the Copa de la Coronación and the Copa del Rey . Notable figures of this tournament are Santiago Bernabéu , Pichichi , Ricardo Zamora , Josep Samitier and Paulino Alcántara . The competition was originally created in 1913 by
8192-399: The break with a goal from Patricio , but the hosts fought back and equalised shortly after courtesy of Santiago Bernabéu . René Petit missed a penalty that would have done justice to the Castilians' best game, and the miss was attributed to the fact that the field was not grass. In any case, the game was formidable and the draw was enough for the Basques to win the cup, although according to
8320-547: The calendar of the competition that allowed the 1917 edition to be played on the same day as the 1917 Copa del Rey Final between Madrid FC and Arenas - something that prevented the Central Team from having the best players of Madrid and the Basques would have left them without the contribution of their champions, the Arenas Club - had caused the tournament to lose the splendor of the first two editions. Furthermore,
8448-444: The competition was a two-legged final between the winners of the previous two, Asturias XI and Catalonia, who faced each other only for the right to keep the trophy, and Catalonia won both games (2–0 and 4–3), thus earning the right to keep the trophy. The Catalan goalscorers were Domingo Broto (2), Josep Forgas (2), Juan Pellicer and Paulino Alcántara . As well as playing other regional teams from throughout Spain and Europe ,
8576-413: The competition was held in Madrid again, but this time it did not reach the sporting success and brilliance of the previous one. The title holders, the North Team , did not participate because they were unable to gather all their members due to disagreements that occurred within their own regional federation. Thus, the Catalan team and the central team were the ones appointed to dispute the title, despite
8704-418: The competition's first and only, although Centro still won), meaning that a playoff match between the local team and Catalonia had to be played, as both were level on three points. The decisive clash was played at O'Donnell on the 15 May and Centro showed their quality once again by beating its rival 2–0, with second-half goals from Mieg and Agüero, thus winning the tournament, lifting the trophy, and matching
8832-431: The competition's first-ever (and only) hat-trick when he netted 4 goals past Centro's goalkeeper Juan de Cárcer , who was thus replaced by Joaquín Pascual for the second leg, which was much more competitive and with a slight local superiority, who found themselves 2–0 up with 20 minute to go, knowing that a win would force a play-off for the title, but Kinké wrecked Centro's hopes with a quick late brace that salvaged
8960-417: The concept, and in many cases would have no other opportunities to experience international football so consider the match to be an important matter. This contrasts with their opponents, as the fixture does not contribute to their Association ranking points or individual cap totals and is thus one of the least significant matches out of several they would play each year. In combination with home advantage for
9088-505: The corresponding triangular format, a final playoff game had to be necessary since the Castilians and the Catalans were tied on three points after a draw and a victory each. Centro's winning squad: Joaquín Pascual , José Luis de Goyarrola , Ricardo Naveda , José María Castell (Yáñez), Ezequiel Montero , Adolfo Buylla ( Sócrates Quintana ), Ignacio Zabala , José Agüero , Saturno Villaverde , Miguel Mieg ( Pablo De Miguel ) and Larrañaga ( Ricardo Madariaga ). After three editions of
9216-483: The country, and to defend the success achieved and prepare the Spanish team for the next Olympic Games in 1924, the Spanish FA agreed on 20 July 1922, to reestablish the Prince of Asturias Cup (under the name Campeonato Interregional) as the basis for the composition of the national team, in order to facilitate the selection of players for the team. This time with the obligatory participation by all member regions on
9344-419: The diminished use of the language. These migrants were often unaware of the existence of Catalan, and thus felt no need to learn or use it. Catalonia was the economic powerhouse of Spain, so these migrations continued to occur from all corners of the country. Employment opportunities were reduced for those who were not bilingual . Daily newspapers remained exclusively in Spanish until after Franco's death, when
9472-482: The fact that the triangular format was established until the last moment. This new edition was played on the same venue as the previous one, with a double confrontation (due to the absence of the Basques) between both teams, the first of which was played on 11 May 1916 with a Catalan victory by 6–3, after showing total superiority over a disappointing local team. The star of the game was Francisco Cabedo , who scored
9600-492: The fastest brace in the competition with 2 goals in 2 minutes, while Josep Samitier's brace needed 3 minutes to be completed. Kinké also scored a very quick brace of around 5 minutes. Rogelio Barril is the only one to have scored a brace in extra-time with goals in the 125th and 144th. Although the competition failed to serve as the bases for the formation of a Spanish team , many of the players who participated in this inter-regional competition earned caps for Spain, in fact,
9728-406: The feats achieved by Norte and Catalonia in the previous two editions of the competition. However, the game, just like the tournament itself, was wrapped in controversy, because at 2–0 down, Catalonia had a goal from Monistrol disallowed in the 70th minute for having scored directly from a corner kick , a circumstance not allowed at the time, and that event led referee Julián Ruete to send off
9856-482: The final, and despite having failed to net in any other game, he still got the "silver boot". The sixth edition of this competition did not achieve the success of the previous one and failed to serve as the basis for forming the Spanish squad for the 1924 Summer Olympics and after the Spanish failure in Paris , the Prince of Asturias Cup ended up being definitively abolished by the Spanish FA on 26 June 1924. The last edition of this Inter-regional tournament
9984-492: The first leg 3–2 with goals from Sansinenea , Gomar and Feliciano Rey , while the away goals were scored by the Villaverde brothers, Senén and Fernando , with the former netting one more in the second leg in yet another loss as Centro won 3–1 thanks to a brace from Ramón Olalquiaga , who had not played the first leg. Both games were dominated by the Centro side, with special mention to Cárcer, Machim, Gomar, who trotted
10112-410: The first official tournament in 1915, until its last 11 years later, only one hat-trick was scored, and curiously, it was actually a poker. The first and last treble of the Prince of Asturias Cup was scored by Francisco Cabedo on 11 May 1916 in the second edition of the competition in a game between fierce rivals Catalonia and the Centro team , with the former winning 6-3, and interestingly, this
10240-508: The first one in Catalan since the end of the Civil War, Avui , began to be published in 1976. Since the Spanish transition to democracy (1975–1982), Catalan has been institutionalized as an official language, language of education, and language of mass media; all of which have contributed to its increased prestige. In Catalonia , there is an unparalleled large bilingual European non-state linguistic community. The teaching of Catalan
10368-491: The foreign goalscorers were Wallace and Stewart. The Catalan team was: Renyé, Amechazurra, Irízar, A. Massana, Sagnier, Quirante , Armet-Kinké, A. Comamala , C. Comamala, Janer and Forns. The Selection of foreigners was: Manchan, Braussendorf, Wallace , Rositzky , Greenwell , Morris , Allack , Kaiser, Steel , Stewart and McLean. In 1914, the Catalan XI played the Basque Country XI for the first time, but there
10496-648: The gap and established the final result, another Catalan victory by 4–3. With this win, Catalonia remained in the property of the Prince of Asturias Cup trophy. Asturian side: Benjamín ; Quirós , Trucha ; Justo, Menéndez, Corsino ; Domingo, Morilla , Herrera , Avilesu and Molinuco. Catalonia side: Pedret ; Serra , Montané ; Tena I , Pelaó , Mauricio ; Piera , Samitier , Sastre , Broto and Sagi-Barba . Catalonia side: Pedret ; Serra , Massague ; Soligo , Pelaó , Tena I ; Pellicer , Broto , Forgas , Alcántara and Sagi-Barba . 3 of these players, Serra, Pelaó and Pellicer, played for CE Europa at
10624-545: The idea of forming a national team to compete with other countries received a setback because of the global war that prevented international sports contacts. Thus, in January 1918, the clubs proposed to the National Federation the suppression of the competition, and this proposal was accepted in favour of a second category competition, since the tight schedule (in the previous edition the contest coincided with
10752-477: The imposition of the political and cultural characteristics of the dominant groups. Since the political unification of 1714, Spanish assimilation policies towards national minorities have been a constant. The process of assimilation began with secret instructions to the corregidores of the Catalan territory: they "will take the utmost care to introduce the Castilian language, for which purpose he will give
10880-476: The islands of Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza, Sardinia, Corsica and much of Sicily, in the Vall d "Aran and Cerdaña". The defeat of the pro-Habsburg coalition in the War of Spanish Succession (1714) initiated a series of laws which, among other centralizing measures, imposed the use of Spanish in legal documentation all over Spain. Because of this, use of the Catalan language declined into the 18th century. However,
11008-588: The language as a whole, synonymous with "Catalan". Both uses of the term have their respective entries in the dictionaries by the Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua (AVL) and the Institut d'Estudis Catalans (IEC). (See also status of Valencian below). By the 9th century, Catalan had evolved from Vulgar Latin on both sides of the eastern end of the Pyrenees , as well as the territories of
11136-606: The language in features closer to Occitan (and French ). There is evidence that, at least from the 2nd century AD, the vocabulary and phonology of Roman Tarraconensis was different from the rest of Roman Hispania. Differentiation arose generally because Spanish, Asturian , and Galician-Portuguese share certain peripheral archaisms (Spanish hervir , Asturian and Portuguese ferver vs. Catalan bullir , Occitan bolir "to boil") and innovatory regionalisms (Spanish novillo , Asturian nuviellu vs. Catalan torell , Occitan taurèl "bullock"), while Catalan has
11264-622: The lexical similarity between Catalan and other Romance languages is: 87% with Italian; 85% with Portuguese and Spanish; 76% with Ladin and Romansh ; 75% with Sardinian; and 73% with Romanian. During much of its history, and especially during the Francoist dictatorship (1939–1975), the Catalan language was ridiculed as a mere dialect of Spanish . This view, based on political and ideological considerations, has no linguistic validity. Spanish and Catalan have important differences in their sound systems, lexicon, and grammatical features, placing
11392-486: The linguistic census held by the Government of Catalonia in 2013) and it is understood almost universally. According to 2013 census, Catalan was also very commonly spoken in the city of 1,501,262: it was understood by 95% of the population, while 72.3% over the age of two could speak it (1,137,816), 79% could read it (1,246.555), and 53% could write it (835,080). The share of Barcelona residents who could speak it (72.3%)
11520-461: The linguistic varieties subsumed under the cover term Occitan language (see also differences between Occitan and Catalan and Gallo-Romance languages ). Thus, as it should be expected from closely related languages, Catalan today shares many traits with other Romance languages. Some include Catalan in Occitan, as the linguistic distance between this language and some Occitan dialects (such as
11648-466: The match was temporarily stopped. When the referee ordered to resume it, the Center players did not return to the pitch, so the North team scored an empty net goal and the match ended. Subsequently, the FECF Assembly agreed to repeat the second leg, ordering the two teams to fix a date and place. At the end of June there was still no date fixed. At the beginning of July it was reported that
11776-582: The match would take place at the end of that same month in Irun . Besides the Center team would travel accompanied by Ricardo Ruiz Ferry, at that time president of the FECF. In fact Ruiz Ferry went to Guipuzkoa at the end of July, but only to meet in San Sebastian with representatives of the Real Union Española de Clubs de Football (RUECF), a split from the FECF, and negotiate with them
11904-415: The merge of the two federations, something that culminated in the creation of the Royal Spanish Football Federation (RFEF). After its foundation on 1 September 1913, one of the first initiatives taken by the Royal Spanish Football Federation , was to promote the creation of a regional team championship that would serve as the first major "showcase" of Spanish football: To help spot the best players of
12032-495: The moment and consequently assemble a group of the players that made the best impression throughout the tournament to establish the bases for the formation of a Spanish team that could compete with other international teams. The tournament was officially established by the Ordinary Assembly of the RFEF in 1914. The first edition of this competition was held from 10 to 14 May 1915 in Madrid, and more specifically in
12160-489: The most temperate and disguised measures so that the effect is achieved, without the care being noticed". From there, actions in the service of assimilation, discreet or aggressive, were continued, and reached to the last detail, such as, in 1799, the Royal Certificate forbidding anyone to "represent, sing and dance pieces that were not in Spanish". The use of Spanish gradually became more prestigious and marked
12288-419: The opening goal against the local team, thus setting the scene for an incredible comeback at Barcelona, but Forgas killed off their momentum with an equaliser just 5 minutes later, which no longer moved until the break. After the break, the Catalans' game improved, and through Pellicer , Alcántara and Forgas they put the score in a clear 4–1, being Herrera who, with two goals in the last five minutes, closed
12416-507: The other hand, there are several language shift processes currently taking place. In the Northern Catalonia area of France, Catalan has followed the same trend as the other minority languages of France, with most of its native speakers being 60 or older (as of 2004). Catalan is studied as a foreign language by 30% of the primary education students, and by 15% of the secondary. The cultural association La Bressola promotes
12544-469: The percentage of speakers to the population of each area where Catalan is spoken. The web site of the Generalitat de Catalunya estimated that as of 2004 there were 9,118,882 speakers of Catalan. These figures only reflect potential speakers; today it is the native language of only 35.6% of the Catalan population. According to Ethnologue , Catalan had 4.1 million native speakers and 5.1 million second-language speakers in 2021. According to
12672-460: The population self-identifies with both Catalan and Spanish equally, 36.4% with Catalan and 47.5% only Spanish. In 2003 the same studies concluded no language preference for self-identification within the population above 15 years old: 5% self-identified with both languages, 44.3% with Catalan and 47.5% with Spanish. To promote use of Catalan, the Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalonia's official Autonomous government) spends part of its annual budget on
12800-570: The press, they were not the best team. As for the top scorers, there was a six-fold tie at one goal as six different players scored all the goals of this first edition of the tournament. These accolades were also distributed among the three teams, as they all also finished tied at two goals each. Norte's line-up: Eizaguirre , Carrasco , Hurtado , Artola , Belauste I , Peña , Legarreta , Patricio , Belauste II , Pagaza and Echevarría ( Pedro Barturen ). 4 of these players, Belauste I, Belauste II and Echevarría, played for Athletic Bilbao at
12928-455: The previous edition); and Atlético's Yañez, Miguel Mieg , Quintana , Agüero , and Saturno Villaverde , with the captain of this team being Madrid FC's only representative, José María Castell , and yet, against all odds, the "second options" managed to win the tournament for the first time in the team's history. Centro and Catalonia opened the competition on 9 May 1917, also at O'Donnell's ground, and despite playing away from home, everyone
13056-404: The promotion of the use of Catalan in Catalonia and in other territories, with entities such as Consorci per a la Normalització Lingüística (Consortium for Linguistic Normalization). In Andorra , Catalan has always been the sole official language. Since the promulgation of the 1993 constitution , several policies favoring Catalan have been enforced, such as Catalan medium education. On
13184-452: The region in question, meaning that players did not need to be native to the region. The tournament was created in 1913 by the FECF ( Federación Española de Clubs de Football ), a forerunner of the RFEF , in honour of the donator of the trophy, don Alfonso, Prince of Asturias , the first-born son of King Alfonso XIII and Prince of Asturias . After that, there have been seven tournaments for
13312-422: The rest of the territories. (% of the population 15 years old and older). (% of the population 15 years old and older). Copa Pr%C3%ADncep d%27Ast%C3%BAries The Prince of Asturias Cup ( Spanish : La Copa Príncipe de Asturias , Catalan : Copa Príncep d'Astúries ) was an inter-regional football competition contested by the regional selections of Spain – selections of players from clubs from
13440-417: The revived tournament (and fifth overall) was won by Asturias after beating the tournament's surprise package Galicia in the final 3–1, courtesy of a second-half brace from José Luis Zabala , who was the star of the tournament and its top scorer with 5 goals, including a last-minute winner against Catalonia in the semi-finals. The second edition of the revived tournament (and sixth overall)
13568-548: The same side as the Catalan XI beat Czechoslovakia at the Estadi de Sarrià . After conceding a penalty and going down 1–0, Sagibarba then equalized with another penalty before Samitier clinched a 2–1 win. On 7 July 1926, the Catalan XI played Czechoslovakia in Prague . Despite Samitier putting the Catalans 1–0 ahead, they eventually lost 2–1. During the 1930s, Catalonia continued playing friendly games against an array of teams; 1934
13696-615: The several Spanish regional football federations, Catalonia cannot be affiliated with either FIFA or UEFA as a national member association and is therefore not allowed to participate in official competitions for national teams such as the FIFA World Cup or the UEFA European Championship . Other than in certain cases where other nationalities are involved, Catalan players are full Spanish citizens who are eligible to play for Spain , and often do. Since 1904,
13824-502: The social level, including in schools and the University of Barcelona . The Catalan language and culture were still vibrant during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), but were crushed at an unprecedented level throughout the subsequent decades due to Francoist dictatorship (1939–1975), which abolished the official status of Catalan and imposed the use of Spanish in schools and in public administration in all of Spain , while banning
13952-613: The sole official language of the region. Shortly after the French Revolution (1789), the French First Republic prohibited official use of, and enacted discriminating policies against, the regional languages of France, such as Catalan, Alsatian , Breton , Occitan , Flemish , and Basque . After the French colony of Algeria was established in 1830, many Catalan-speaking settlers moved there. People from
14080-521: The start of the decline of Catalan. Starting in the 16th century, Catalan literature came under the influence of Spanish, and the nobles, part of the urban and literary classes became bilingual . With the Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659), Spain ceded the northern part of Catalonia to France , and soon thereafter the local Catalan varieties came under the influence of French , which in 1700 became
14208-482: The team has played nearly 200 games against various national, regional and club teams. International friendly games have been played more regularly since 1997. Among the teams they have played are Nigeria , Brazil , and Argentina . The Catalonia team made their debut in 1905 Initially they played against various club teams such as Club Espanyol , Madrid CF , FC Barcelona and Irún Sporting Club . On 24 July 1910, they played their first-ever international game against
14336-422: The team within the last played matches and are still available for selection. Because Catalonia is not a member of either UEFA or FIFA due to it being a region of Spain and plays only in unofficial friendly matches, normal eligibility rules based on birthplace do not apply, and a number of players who were not born in Catalonia and played for other international teams have guested for the Catalan XI, although this
14464-462: The term referring to a person first appears in the mid 14th century as Catelaner , followed in the 15th century as Catellain (from Middle French ). It is attested a language name since at least 1652. The word Catalan can be pronounced in English as / ˈ k æ t ə l ə n , - æ n / KAT -ə-lən, -lan or / ˌ k æ t ə ˈ l æ n / KAT -ə- LAN . The endonym
14592-522: The territorial name of Catalonia , itself of disputed etymology. The main theory suggests that Catalunya ( Latin : Gathia Launia ) derives from the name Gothia or Gauthia ('Land of the Goths '), since the origins of the Catalan counts, lords and people were found in the March of Gothia , whence Gothland > Gothlandia > Gothalania > Catalonia theoretically derived. In English,
14720-865: The then General Council of the Pyrénées-Orientales officially recognized Catalan as one of the départment's languages and seeks to further promote it in public life and education. In 1807, the Statistics Office of the French Ministry of the Interior asked the prefects for an official survey on the limits of the French language . The survey found that in Roussillon , almost only Catalan was spoken, and since Napoleon wanted to incorporate Catalonia into France, as happened in 1812,
14848-462: The two teams met again in Barcelona and this time the Catalans won 1–0 thanks to a goal from Genaro de la Riva of RCD Espanyol . On 8 December 1912, Catalonia faced a selection of foreigners at the Camp de la Indústria in a benefit match for the Sindicat de Periodistes , ending in a 5–2 win for the Catalans with goals from Massana (2), C. Comamala , Wallace ( own goal ) and Forns , while
14976-403: The use of Catalan in them. Between 1939 and 1943 newspapers and book printing in Catalan almost disappeared. Francisco Franco's desire for a homogeneous Spanish population resonated with some Catalans in favor of his regime, primarily members of the upper class, who began to reject the use of Catalan. Despite all of these hardships, Catalan continued to be used privately within households, and it
15104-609: The use of Spanish in the Catalan educational system. As a result, in May 2022 the Spanish Supreme Court urged the Catalan regional government to enforce a measure by which 25% of all lessons must be taught in Spanish. According to the Statistical Institute of Catalonia , in 2013 the Catalan language is the second most commonly used in Catalonia, after Spanish , as a native or self-defining language: 7% of
15232-598: Was a particularly good year. On 2 February, they played Spain and lost 2–0 at Les Corts. Four months later, they played Brazil twice. On 17 June, the Catalan XI beat Brazil 2–1 at Les Corts and then on 24 June, they held them to a 2–2 draw at the Vista Alegre in Girona . The Brazil team had been in Europe to play in the official 1934 FIFA World Cup and included the legendary Leônidas in their team. The Catalan XI completed
15360-498: Was able to survive Franco's dictatorship. At the end of World War II , however, some of the harsh measures began to be lifted and, while Spanish language remained the sole promoted one, limited number of Catalan literature began to be tolerated. Several prominent Catalan authors resisted the suppression through literature. Private initiative contests were created to reward works in Catalan, among them Joan Martorell prize (1947), Víctor Català prize (1953) Carles Riba award (1950), or
15488-455: Was also joined by another guest player, Alfredo Di Stéfano . The Catalan XI won 6–2 with two goals from Kubala and one from Di Stéfano. On 1 September 1956, Di Stéfano returned to Les Corts with Real Madrid, recent winners of the first official European Cup , and played a Selecció de Barcelona . Real won the game 7–3. The Catalan XI marked the end of the Franco era with a friendly game against
15616-531: Was appointed new coach for the Catalan team for two years. His first match with the team took place on 30 December 2013 against Cape Verde at the Olímpic Lluís Companys. Due to the unofficial status of the Catalonia team and others, many of the usual conventions of international football do not apply. Players who have already appeared for a FIFA national team can play for the Catalans in addition, but if they are simultaneously called up for both,
15744-667: Was expecting a comfortable win for the Catalan side, but the Castilian team showed their worth and hold the huge favourites to a 2–2 draw, thanks to a brace from Saturno Villaverde. These two sides then both beat the Cantabrians, but while Catalonia did it with a tight 1–0 thanks to a lonely goal from Josep Gumbau , Centro surprised everyone when they found themselves leading 3–0 at the break with goals from captain Castell ( pen. ), Agüero and Villaverde, in an eventual 3–2 win (Centro's goalkeeper Joaquín Pascual scored an own goal ,
15872-640: Was lower than that of the overall Catalan population, of whom 81.2% over the age of 15 spoke the language. Knowledge of Catalan has increased significantly in recent decades thanks to a language immersion educational system. An important social characteristic of the Catalan language is that all the areas where it is spoken are bilingual in practice: together with French in Roussillon, with Italian in Alghero, with Spanish and French in Andorra, and with Spanish in
16000-567: Was played several months later, in September 1926, between the previous two champions, Asturias and Catalonia , for the right to keep the trophy. On 5 September 1926, the first leg of this ultimate final was played in El Molinón , ending in a 2–0 win for the Catalans, with both goals being scored by Domingo Broto . On the 19th of the same month at the Camp del Guinardó , the second leg was held, and Asturias only needed 5 minutes to score
16128-590: Was repopulated with Valencian speakers. Catalan spelling was standardized in 1913 and the language became official during the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939). The Second Spanish Republic saw a brief period of tolerance, with most restrictions against Catalan lifted. The Generalitat (the autonomous government of Catalonia, established during the Republic in 1931) made a normal use of Catalan in its administration and put efforts to promote it at
16256-409: Was won by Catalonia after beating Centro 3–2 in the replay of the final , after the original game finished in a dramatic 4–4 draw thanks to a last-minute equaliser from Emili Sagi-Barba . The top scorer of the tournament was Centro's Juan Monjardín with 5 goals, of which three came in the final, scoring twice in a 2–3 loss to Catalonia in the replay. Josep Samitier also scored three goals in
16384-546: Was wrapped in controversy because it was allowed to be played on the same day as the final of the 1917 Copa del Rey between Madrid FC and Arenas , which prevented the Central Team from having the players of Madrid FC, and thus, in order to assemble a team which could compete, they had to call-up the players from Athletic Madrid and Racing de Madrid , meaning they sent a weaker team with lesser-known players such as Racing's Pascual , Buylla , Zabala and Pablo De Miguel (the brother of Antonio , who had played and scored in
#921078