82-509: Caxias may refer to: Places [ edit ] Brazil [ edit ] Caxias do Sul , Rio Grande do Sul Caxias (Maranhão) Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro Caxias River , a river of Maranhão state in northeastern Brazil Portugal [ edit ] Caxias, Oeiras Mars [ edit ] Caxias (crater) , a Martian impact crater Football clubs [ edit ] Sociedade Esportiva e Recreativa Caxias do Sul ,
164-537: A Brazilian football (soccer) club from Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul Caxias Futebol Clube , a Brazilian football (soccer) club from Joinville, Santa Catarina Duque de Caxias Futebol Clube , a Brazilian football (soccer) club from Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro CEPE-Caxias , a Brazilian women's football team, from Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro state See also [ edit ] Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias (1803–1880), Brazilian military leader, nobleman and statesman Topics referred to by
246-658: A better life from the Veneto , Lombardy , Trento ( northern Italy ) as well as other regions in Italy, began in 1875 in Nova Milano . Although they received governmental support such as tools, supplies, and seeds, everything had to be reimbursed to the federal government. Two years later, the colonial headquarters of the Indians' Field was given the name Caxias Colony. The town was created on July 20, 1890, and acknowledged in
328-767: A few eclectic houses built for rich families, public buildings and Neo-Gothic churches, like as the Cathedral and the Chapel of the Holy Sepulchre . The first houses of the immigrants, made of stone, and later traditional wooden buildings, nearly all disappeared as the city developed, but some survive in the rural area, as well as many old chapels. Current laws protect every building older than 50 years, but many have been destroyed or altered, despite official protection. The city nowadays has many intensely active museums and cultural centers, both private and official, and
410-492: A significant career in the city and around, like as Pietro Stangherlin , Francisco Meneguzzo and the Zambelli family. They left the first examples of artworks worth of mention, specially in sacred art and building decoration. Julio Calegari and Ulysses Geremia , both photographers, also deserve close attention for their huge collections of portraits and views of the old city. As of historical architecture, one may find
492-619: A system of canals and dykes . Fish ponds have been created there as well. The delta and the lagoon are a stopping-point for migratory birds . Veneto's morphology is characterised by its: The climate changes significantly from one area to another: while it is continental on the plains, it is milder along the Adriatic coast; around the Lake Garda and in the hilly areas. The lowlands are often covered by thick fog, in winter; precipitations that are scarce – 750 mm per year – close to
574-412: Is Liga Veneta , a founding component of Lega Nord . The current President of Veneto is Luca Zaia ( Liga Veneta – Lega Nord ), re-elected in 2020 with 76.8% of the vote. An autonomy referendum took place in 2017: 57.2% of Venetians turned out, 98.1% voting "yes" to "further forms and special conditions of autonomy". Having been for a long period in history a land of mass emigration, Veneto
656-600: Is 8 °C (46.4 °F); in January, the hottest, they are 26 °C (78.8 °F) and 16 °C (60.8 °F), respectively. Frosts are common in the winter and snow can occur, but it is less common. The last significant snowfalls were recorded in August 2013, when 10–15 cm of snow fell over the city, and in July 2021. In Caxias do Sul, several small, medium, large and multinational companies were founded. The city
738-649: Is a citizen of the city of Caxias do Sul. A possible anglicization of Caxiense would be Caxian . Caxiense is also the name of a bus line with headquarters in Caxias do Sul. Caxiense provides transport service with a fleet of coaches to cities in the Serra Gaúcha . Caxiense also offers a bus service from Caxias do Sul to Porto Alegre and the Porto Alegre Salgado Filho International Airport . The following table shows
820-556: Is also the head of the Regional Government . Legislative power is exerted by the Regional Council , the local parliament. The Statute (i.e. the law establishing and regulating the regional institution, which was first promulgated on 22 May 1971), uses the term "people" for Venetians, but, like in the case of Sardinians , this is not a legal recognition of any differences from other Italian citizens. Moreover,
902-579: Is bordered to the east by Friuli-Venezia Giulia , to the south by Emilia-Romagna , to the west by Lombardy and to the north by Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol . In its northernmost corner it also borders Austria . The north–south extension of Veneto is 210 km (130 mi) from the Austrian border to the mouth of the River Po . By area, 29% of its surface is mountainous ( Carnic Alps , eastern Dolomites and Venetian Prealps ). The highest massif in
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#1732772597163984-474: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Caxias do Sul Caxias do Sul ( Portuguese pronunciation: [kaˈʃi.ɐz du ˈsuw] ) is a city in Rio Grande do Sul , Southern Brazil , situated in the state's mountainous Serra Gaúcha region. It was established by Italian immigrants on June 20, 1890. Today it is the second largest city in
1066-547: Is divided into the Metropolitan City of Venice and 6 provinces and also divided in 581 municipalities. Of the seven provinces of the region, the Province of Padua is the most populous and has the greatest density, with 424. 81 persons per km , reaching 2268. 58 in the city of Padua . In contrast the capital city, Venice, has a moderate density of 646. 71. The province of least density is Belluno (58. 08), which
1148-603: Is home to the S.E.R. Caxias and Juventude football clubs. Even though both teams have claimed the Campeonato Gaúcho , Juventude has accomplished more at a national level, having played in the first division of the Campeonato Brasileiro for more than fifteen seasons and winning the 1999 edition of the Copa do Brasil . Caxias has been playing in the fourth division since 2016. Juventude made it back into
1230-604: Is often called "Pearl of the Colonies", is considered the center of the Italian presence in Southern Brazil. Today Caxias do Sul is one of the region's central hubs, hosting some of Brazil's most diverse economies besides its size; with its industrial parks, vast vineyards, wine commerce, cattle and plantation farms give the land a further dimension. A Caxiense ( Portuguese pronunciation: [kaʃiˈẽsi] )
1312-408: Is recognized as an Entrepreneurial-Exporting Hub in the country. Some of these companies are: Culture in Caxias do Sul was not greatly favoured by the first Italian settlers, as they were mostly involved with survival concerns in an area until then unexplored. In the beginning of the 20th century, however, there was some cultural interest developing, and some sculptors, painters and decorators made
1394-527: Is the fourth most populous region in Italy, with a population of about five million. Venice is the region's capital and the largest city. Veneto was part of the Roman Empire until the 5th century AD. Later, after a feudal period , it was part of the Republic of Venice until 1797. Venice ruled for centuries over one of the largest and richest maritime republics and trade empires in the world. After
1476-403: Is the largest in area and the most mountainous. The region has about 4.8 million inhabitants, ranking Veneto as the fifth most populated region in Italy. Veneto has one of the highest population densities among the Italian regions (265 inhabitants per km in 2008). This is particularly true in the provinces of Padua , Venice and Treviso , where the inhabitants per km are above 300. Belluno
1558-401: Is the least densely populated province, with 57 inhabitants per km . Like the other regions of Northern Italy and Central Italy , though with a certain time lag, Veneto has been experiencing a phase of very slow population growth caused by the dramatic fall in fertility. The overall population has so far been increasing – though only slightly – due to the net immigration started at the end of
1640-432: Is today one of the greatest immigrant-receiving regions in the country, with 487,493 foreigners (9.9% of the regional population; January 2018), notably including Romanians (25.2%), Moroccans (9.3%), Chinese (7.1%), Moldovans (7.0%) and Albanians (6.9%). Veneto is the 8th largest region in Italy, with a total area of 18,398.9 km (7,103.9 sq mi). It is located in the north-eastern part of Italy and
1722-679: The Lex Pompeia de Transpadanis . Later in 49 BC, by the Lex Roscia granted full Roman citizenship to the Veneti. The Via Claudia would be completed in AD 46 to connected Altinum, Tarvisium (modern Treviso), Feltria (modern Feltre ), and Tridentum (modern Trento). From Tridentum it continued northwards to Pons Drusus and further to Augusta Vindelicorum (modern Augsburg ), and southwards from Trento to Verona and Mutina (modern Modena ). After
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#17327725971631804-563: The Via Postumia was completed connecting Aquileia to Genoa . In 131 BC, the Via Annia joined Adria to Patavium (modern Padua ) to Altinum to Concordia to Aquileia. The Roman Republic gradually transformed its alliance with the Veneti into a relationship of dominance. After the 91 BC Italic rebellion, the cities of the Veneti, together with the rest of Transpadania , were granted partial rights of Roman citizenship according to
1886-483: The Battle of Cannae (216 BC). In 181 BC a Roman triumvirate of Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica , Caius Flaminius , and Lucius Manlius Acidinus founded a Latin colony at Aquileia as a base to protect the territory of the Veneti from incursions of the hostile Carni and Histri . From then on, Roman influence over the area increased. In 169 BC 1,500 more colonising families were sent by Rome to Aquileia. In 148 BC
1968-554: The Battle of Philippi (42 BC) ended the Roman Civil War , the lands of the Veneti, together with the rest of Cisalpine Gaul , ceased to be a province. Between 8 and 6 BC, Augustus reorganized Italia into 11 regions. The territory of modern Veneto along with Istria , modern Friuli and Trentino-Alto Adige and eastern Lombardy (including its cities of Mantua , Cremona , Brescia , and Sondrio ) became Region X ( Venetia et Histria ). Aquileia, although not officially
2050-769: The First World War on the side of the France and the United Kingdom , after extricating itself from its alliance with Germany and the Austro-Hungarian Empire . Veneto became a major battlefront. After the Italians suffered an enormous defeat at Caporetto in November 1917, the combined Austro-Hungarian and German forces advanced almost unhindered through Veneto towards Venice until reaching
2132-739: The Italian Social Republic , while the province of Belluno was part of the Prealpine Operations Zone . Many towns in the region were bombed by the Allies during the Second World War. The most hit were Treviso and Vicenza, as well as the industrial area around Marghera . Veneto is a semi-presidential representative democracy . The President of Veneto , colloquially nicknamed Governor or even Doge in remembrance of Venice's traditional head of state,
2214-719: The Lombard League ) was formed among the Venetian cities such as Padua, Treviso, Vicenza, and Verona with other cities of Northern Italy to assert their rights against the Holy Roman Emperor . The Second Treaty of Constance in 1183 confirmed the Peace of Venice of 1177 in which the cities agreed to remain part of the Empire as long as their jurisdiction over their own territories was not infringed upon. The league
2296-527: The Monti Lessini chain in the province of Verona , has an explored depth of 985 m (3,232 ft), being the deepest cave in Italy. Fossil deposits are also abundant there. The Po Valley , covering 57% of Veneto, extends from the mountains to the Adriatic sea , broken only by some low hills: Euganean Hills , Berici Hills Colli Asolani and Montello , which constitute the remaining 14% of
2378-793: The Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna , the former Republic was combined with Lombardy and re-annexed to the Austrian Empire as the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia , until that was merged with the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence and of a plebiscite . Besides Italian , most inhabitants also speak Venetian . Since 1971, the Statute of Veneto has referred to
2460-713: The Piave River. The Battle of the Piave River prevented their troops from advancing further and was celebrated in La Leggenda del Piave . Between 24 October and 3 November 1918, Italy launched the decisive Battle of Vittorio Veneto . The battle's outcome assured Italy's victory. The Armistice of Villa Giusti which ended warfare between Italy and Austria-Hungary in World War I , was signed at Villa Giusti near Padua. Between 1943 and 1945, Veneto belonged to
2542-701: The Roman Rite replaced the Aquileian Rite . By the 6th century the bishop of Aquileia claimed the title of patriarch . Rejection of the Second Council of Constantinople (553) led to a schism wherein the bishops of Aquileia , Liguria , Aemilia , Milan and of the Istrian peninsula all refused to condemn the Three Chapters leading to the churches of Veneto to break communion with
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2624-518: The Siege of Venice ended. The Austrian imperial government was unpopular among upper and middle classes because of Metternich 's anti- liberal politics, turned by Emperor Franz Joseph into neo-absolutism after 1848, and for not granting Lombardo–Venetia any real autonomy (it was considered less than a puppet state ). At the same time, it was appreciated for the efficient and honest administration, especially among lower classes, after 1848–1849 there
2706-579: The Treaty of Campoformio signed on 17 October 1797, part of the Venetian mainland was handed over to Francis II of the Holy Roman Empire and a western part was annexed to the French backed Cisalpine Republic . The territory soon reverted to Napoleon in 1801. In 1805–1806, Veneto was conquered by Napoleon's armies and included in the Kingdom of Italy . During 1809, the region revolted against
2788-724: The Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS) which sponsors an art gallery, a museum, a huge library and a symphonic orchestra . The city hosted the 2022 Summer Deaflympics between May 1 to 15, 2022, postponed two times due to the COVID-19 pandemic , becoming the first ever Deaflympics to be ever held in South America and the Latin America. The city has many tourist attractions: museums, churches, culture, music and all types of leisure activities. Nature can be found in
2870-728: The Veneti (often called the Palaeoveneti ) came from Paphlagonia in Anatolia at the time of the Fall of Troy (12th century BC), led by prince Antenor , a comrade of Aeneas . Other historians link Venetic origins with Celts . In the 7th–6th centuries BC the local populations of Veneto entered into contact with the Etruscans and the Greeks . Venetic culture reached a high point during
2952-1100: The Venetian Republic enjoyed 1100 years of uninterrupted influence throughout the Mediterranean . By the 16th century, the Venetian Republic dominated Veneto, Friuli , parts of Lombardy and Romagna , Istria , Dalmatia , the Ionian Islands of Corfu, Cefalonia, Ithaca and Zante. From the 13th to 17th centuries, it held the island of Crete and from the mid-15th to mid-16th century, the island of Cyprus . Venetian mainland holdings led to Venetian involvement in European and in particular, Italian politics. Cities had to be fortified, two impressive examples are Nafplio in Peloponnese and Palmanova in Friuli. The wise rule and prosperity brought by
3034-658: The river Po , but are more abundant – from 750 to 1100 mm per year – at higher altitudes; the highest values – up to 3200 mm per year – are recorded in the Bellunese Prealps, near Mount Pasubio and on the Asiago plateau . Between the 2nd and 1st millennium BC, the region was inhabited by the Euganei . According to ancient historians, who perhaps wanted to link Venetic origins to legend of Roman origins in Troy ,
3116-534: The "Serenissima" (most serene republic) made the cities of the terra firma willing subjects. Eastern Islands served as useful ports for Venetian shipping. However, as the Ottoman Empire grew more powerful and aggressive, Venice was often put on the defensive. Ottoman control of the eastern Mediterranean and the discoveries of sea routes to Asia around Africa and of the Americas had a debilitating effect on
3198-485: The 1848 First Italian War of Independence , Venetia rose against the central Austrian government, forming the Republic of San Marco , which lasted 17 months. It asked to be annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia to form an Italian confederation against Austria, then using the Italian tricolour in its flag, but, after the other Italian states left the war (May 1848) and Sardinia surrendered (August 1848, then March 1849), Venetia stood alone. It surrendered on 24 August 1849, when
3280-510: The 1970s and 1980s, demanding more autonomy, a special statute or even independence, and promoting Venetian culture, language and history. This is the political background in which the Liga Veneta was launched in 1980. Other regionalist/nationalist groupings, including Liga Veneta Repubblica , North-East Project and the avowed separatist Veneto State , Venetian Independence and Plebiscito.eu , emerged but they have never touched
3362-410: The 1980s, after more than 20 years of massive exodus from the poorer areas of the region. Nearly 3 million Venetians left their country between 1861 and 1961 to escape poverty. Many emigrated to Brazil and Argentina . After World War II , they moved to other European countries. In 2008, there were 260,849 Venetian citizens living outside of Italy (5.4% of the region's population), the largest number
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3444-707: The 3rd century BC, the Veneti , together with the Cenomani Celts on their western border, sided with the Romans , as Rome expanded and struggled against the Insubres and Boii ( Celts ). During the Second Punic War (218 – 202 BC), the Veneti even sent a contingent of soldiers to fight alongside the Romans against Hannibal and the invading Carthaginians. These Venetians were among those slaughtered at
3526-458: The 4th century BC. These ancient Veneti spoke Venetic , an Indo-European language akin to, but distinct from Latin and the other Italic languages . Meanwhile, the Veneti prospered through their trade in amber and breeding of horses. Este , Padua , Oderzo , Adria , Vicenza , Verona , and Altino became centres of Venetic culture. Over time, the Veneti began to adopt the dress and certain other customs of their Celtic neighbours. During
3608-408: The Dolomites is the Marmolada -massif at 3,342 m (10,965 ft). Other dolomitic peaks are the Tre Cime di Lavaredo and the Pale di San Martino . The Venetian Prealps are not as high and range between 700 m (2,300 ft) and 2,200 m (7,200 ft). A distinctive landmark of the Pre-alps are the cave formations, including chasms and sink holes; the Spluta Della Preta , situated in
3690-429: The French-Italian rule, supporting the advancing Austrian troops during the War of the Fifth Coalition . It was mainly a peasant revolt, less organised than the nearby Andreas Hofer 's revolt, while urban national guard troops fought on the French-Italian side. After the Congress of Vienna , 1814–1815, Venetia was the eastern half of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia , a separate kingdom of the Austrian Empire . During
3772-402: The Huns devastated the area. Attila laid siege to Aquileia and turned it into a ruin in 452 AD. Many of the mainland inhabitants sought protection in the nearby lagoons which would become Grado in the east and Venice more to the west. On the heels of the Huns came the Ostrogoths who not only invaded, but also settled down in the region, especially near Treviso where the penultimate king Totila
3854-399: The Venetian economy. In 1797, Napoleon invaded the territory of the Venetian Republic . Overwhelmed by more powerful forces, Doge Ludovico Manin resigned and retired to his villa at Passariano in Friuli and the thousand year old Republic disappeared as an independent state . This proved very unpopular in the mainland cities where sympathies were strong with the Republic of Venice. By
3936-463: The Venetian origin of their inhabitants. In recent years, people of Venetian descent from Brazil and Argentina have been migrating to Italy. Due to the impressive economic growth of the last two decades, Veneto has turned into a land of immigration and has been attracting more and more immigrants since the 1990s. In 2008, the Italian national institute of statistics ISTAT estimated that 403,985 foreign-born immigrants live in Veneto, equal to 8.3% of
4018-421: The Venetian population sought refuge on some of the isolated and unoccupied islands in the lagoon, from which the city of Venetiae or Venice was born. After a period of Byzantine domination in 8th century, Venice became an independent maritime Republic ruled by its elected doge . The Republic became a commercial superpower and its influence lasted through the Middle Ages and the Renaissance . In fact,
4100-426: The capital was the chief municipium of the region. Meanwhile, under the Pax Romana , Patavium developed into one of the most important cities of northern Italy. Other Venetic cities such as Opitergium (modern Oderzo ), Tarvisium, Feltria, Vicetia (modern Vicenza), Ateste (modern Este), and Altinum (modern Altino) adopted the Latin language and the culture of Rome. By the end of the 1st century AD Latin had displaced
4182-429: The city and the surroundings. The city also hosts the National Grape and Wine Festival, which celebrates the Italian heritage. It's one of the most famous events in the country and it's called Festa da Uva , when lots of merrymaking, wine-drinking, grapes and people animate the month of February, every two years (on even-numbered years). Visitors may eat cheese, grapes and various Brazilian wines. Visitors interested in
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#17327725971634264-399: The development of the number of inhabitants according to census data of IBGE . Portuguese is the official national language, and thus the primary language taught in schools. Elderly people can often speak Talian , a regional language based on Venetian but also very much influenced by other Italian dialects and by Portuguese. Caxias do Sul is a city in Rio Grande do Sul , situated in
4346-442: The division of Veneto from Friuli. The invasion provoked another wave of migration from the mainland to the Byzantine controlled coast and islands. In 643 AD the Lombards conquered the Byzantine base at Oderzo and took possession of practically all of Veneto (and Friuli) except for Venice and Grado. The 36 Lombard duchies included the Venetian cities of Ceneda , Treviso, Verona, and Vicenza. A reminder of Lombard rule can be seen in
4428-409: The first division in 2020. Juventude has the third-largest fan base in the state, just behind the two major teams of the state capital city, Porto Alegre . Veneto Veneto ( US : / ˈ v ɛ n ə t oʊ , ˈ v eɪ n -/ VEN -ə-toh, VAYN - ; Italian: [ˈvɛːneto] ) or the Venetia is one of the 20 regions of Italy , located in the north-east of the country . It
4510-419: The first train arrived connecting the region to the state capital. Although the immigrants were farmers, many of them worked in other economic sectors. They settled down, urbanized the region, and started a fast-paced process of industrialization. In the countryside, subsistence agriculture concentrates on the cultivation of grapes, wheat, and corn. Home-based manufacturing started to emerge and overproduction
4592-450: The historical identity of the Venetian people and civilisation". Despite these affirmations, approved by the Italian Parliament , Veneto is not among the autonomous regions with special statute , unlike its north-eastern and north-western neighbours, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol respectively. Veneto is home to a notable nationalist movement, known as Venetian nationalism or Venetism. The region's largest party
4674-440: The largest lake in Italy, Lake Garda , belongs to Veneto. The coastline covers approximately 200 km (120 mi), of which 100 km (62 mi) are beaches. The coasts of the Adriatic Sea are characterised by the Venetian Lagoon , a flat terrain with ponds, marshes and islands. The Po Delta to the south features sandbars and dunes along the coastline. The inland portion contains cultivable land recently reclaimed by
4756-412: The original Venetic language . In 166 AD the Quadi and Marcomanni invaded Venetia. It was the beginning of many barbarian invasions. Marcus Aurelius retaining the regions of Italia , superimposed another layer of administration by ascribing Regions X and XI to the district of Transpadana under a iuridicus . The end of the 3rd c. brought further administrative changes when Diocletian abolished
4838-407: The place names beginning with the word Farra . By the middle of the 8th century, the Franks had assumed political control of the region and the mainland of Veneto became part of the Carolingian Empire . Though politically dominant, these Germanic invaders were gradually absorbed into the Venetian population over the centuries. In the late 9th century, Berengar , Margrave of the March of Friuli
4920-539: The popularity of Liga Veneta, which was a founding member of Lega Nord in 1991. Venetian Independence and other alike groups have been long proposing a referendum on the independence of Veneto from Italy . After the Regional Council approved a resolution on self-determination (with an explicit reference to a referendum) in November 2012, a referendum bill was proposed in April 2013. Plebiscite 2013 organised an online referendum , with no official recognition, for 16–21 March 2014. According to organisers, turnout
5002-501: The region is not granted a form of autonomy comparable to that of neighbouring Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol . This is the reason why many municipalities have held referendums in order to be united to these regions. Traditionally a very Catholic region, Veneto was once the heartland of Christian Democracy , which won a record 60.5% of the vote in the 1948 general election , polled above 50% in each and every general and regional election until 1983 and governed
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#17327725971635084-457: The region since its establishment in 1970 to 1994. After that, Veneto has been a stronghold of the centre-right coalition , which has governed the region since 1995, first under President Giancarlo Galan ( Forza Italia / The People of Freedom ) and, since 2010, Luca Zaia ( Liga Veneta – Lega Nord ). In the 2020 regional election Liga Veneta–Lega Nord won a combined 61.5% of the vote (sum of party list and Zaia's personal list), followed by
5166-407: The region's citizens as "the Venetian people". Article 1 defines Veneto as an "autonomous Region", "constituted by the Venetian people and the lands of the provinces of Belluno, Padua, Rovigo, Treviso, Venice, Verona and Vicenza", while maintaining "bonds with Venetians in the world". Article 2 sets forth the principle of the "self-government of the Venetian people" and mandates the Region to "promote
5248-416: The regions and districts and established provinciae . Thus, Region X ( Venetia et Histria ) became Province VIII ( Venetia et Histria ), being enlarged in the west up to the Adda River governed by a corrector until 363 and from 368 to 373 by a consularius seated at Aquileia. Venetia et Histria remained one of the 16 Provinces of Italy in the 5th century when both Alaric the Goth and then Attila and
5330-622: The regions wine can also visit the Château Lacave Castle, a 6th Century-style medieval structure that currently functions as a winery . Caxias do Sul is also one of the four settlements along the Caminhos da Colônia scenic tourist route in the Serra Gaúcha . Air transport is made through Hugo Cantergiani Regional Airport , with a runway measuring 1,939 meters in length, which accommodates Boeing 737-800 and Embraer 195E2 aircraft with capacities for 186 and 136 passengers respectively, with capacity to operate aircraft of up to 200 seats and annual capacity of 600 thousand passengers. Caxias do Sul
5412-447: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Caxias . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caxias&oldid=884941176 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
5494-406: The same year, on August 24. Many economic cycles marked the evolution of the city throughout that century. The first one is connected to the most significant aspect of its cultural identity: the cultivation of vineyards and the production of wine, first for its own consumption, and later on, for commercialization. On June 1, 1910, Caxias do Sul was elevated to the category of city. On the same day,
5576-498: The state of Rio Grande do Sul. In 2020, the population of Caxias do Sul was estimated at 517,451 people, many of whom are of Italian and German descent. The demonym of the citizens of Caxias do Sul is Caxiense . The history of Caxias do Sul began before the arrival of the Italian immigrants when the region was being roamed by cattlemen and occupied by Indigenous peoples . The region was called "Indians' Field" in that period. The arrival of Italian immigrants, mostly farmers in search of
5658-408: The state's mountainous Serra Gaúcha region. The city is located in the mountains of the Serra Gaucha, 760 metres (2,490 ft) above sea level. Under the Köppen climate classification , Caxias do Sul features an oceanic climate . The average annual temperature is 16 °C (60.8 °F). In July, the coldest month, the average high temperature is 17 °C (62.6 °F) and the average low
5740-422: The territory. The plain itself is subdivided into the higher plain (gravel-strewn and not very fertile) and the lower plain (rich in water sources and arable terrain). The lower plain is both a mainstay of agricultural production and the most populated part of the region. Several rivers flow through the region: the Po , Adige , Brenta , Bacchiglione , Livenza , Piave , and Tagliamento . The eastern shore of
5822-425: The three main Italian parties of the time, the Democratic Party (11.9%), the Brothers of Italy (9.6%) and Forza Italia (3.6%). According to Robert D. Putnam , the "institutional performance" of Veneto's regional government is higher than average in Italy and Veneto belongs to the "civic North". Venetian nationalism is a regionalist/nationalist political movement which gained prominence in Veneto during
5904-405: The total regional population. Veneto converted to Christianity during Roman rule. The region venerates as its patrons the 2nd-century bishop St. Hermagoras and his deacon St. Fortunatus, both of Aquileia and both martyrs. Aquileia became the metropolitan see of Venetia. Aquileia had its own liturgical rites which were used throughout the dioceses of Veneto until the later Middle Ages when
5986-465: The wars ended, the Treaty of Vienna ceded the region to neutral France, but left the fortresses under Austrian control for a time. Following protests, the Austrians left and the French ceded it to Italy on 20 October. A referendum – where only 30% of the adult population voted as was custom in the period, and did so under government pressure – was held on 21–22 October and ratified the handover. There
6068-723: The world. Many settled down in South America, especially in Brazil ; others in Australia , Canada , and the United States of America . After the Second World War , many Venetians emigrated to Western European countries. In many of these places, their descendants have maintained the use of their ancestral Venetian dialects. Those who remained in Veneto would experience the turmoil of two World Wars . In 1915, Italy entered
6150-641: Was elected king of Italy. Under his tumultuous reign, the March of Friuli was absorbed into the March of Verona so that Verona's territory contained a large portion of Roman Venetia. In the 10th century, the mainland of Veneto, after suffering raids from the Magyars and the Slavs , was incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire . Gradually, the communes of the mainland grew in power and wealth. In 1167 an alliance (called
6232-477: Was 63.2% (2.36 million voters) and 89.1% of participants (56.6 of all eligible voters) voted yes. Several news sources, however, contested these results, saying that participants were at most 135,000 (3.6% of eligible voters) based on public independent web traffic statistics. On 22 October 2017 an official autonomy referendum took place in Veneto: 57.2% of Venetians participated and 98.1% voted "yes". Veneto
6314-415: Was a 99.99% majority for Italy. During the fascist era , due to the nationalist policy the Venetian language, as other local languages, was banned in public spaces. Due to uneven economic development reducing many to poverty, the 19th century and the first half of the 20th became a period of emigration. Millions of Venetians left their homes and their native land to seek opportunities in other parts of
6396-659: Was born. During the mid-6th century, Justinian reconquered Venetia for the Eastern Roman Empire . An Exarch was established at Ravenna while a military tribune was set up in Oderzo. Greek-Byzantine rule did not last long. Starting in 568 AD, the Lombards crossed the Julian Alps . These invaders subdivided the territory of Venetia into numerous feuds ruled by Germanic dukes and counts, essentially creating
6478-437: Was commercialized. Home-based manufacturing and Caxias do Sul evolved from having small home-based workshops to large scale factories, some of which are known internationally. Nowadays, Caxias do Sul is an important city, and due to its industrious colonists, is home to vast vineyards, wineries, a varied industrial park, and a rich and dynamic market. Those attributes grant the land great importance; for such reason Caxias do Sul
6560-526: Was dissolved at the death of Emperor Frederick II in 1250. This period also witnessed the founding of the second oldest university in Italy, the University of Padua founded in 1222. Around this time, Padua also served as home to St. Anthony , the beloved Saint called simply "il Santo" ("the Saint") by the inhabitants of the town. As the barbarians were interested in the wealth of the mainland, part of
6642-544: Was found in Brazil, with 57,052 Venetians, followed by Switzerland , with 38,320, and Argentina , with 31,823. There are several million people of Venetian descent around the world, particularly in Brazil, in the states of Rio Grande do Sul , Santa Catarina and Paraná . Local names in Southern Brazil such as Nova Schio, Nova Bassano , Nova Bréscia , Nova Treviso, Nova Veneza , Nova Pádua and Monteberico indicate
6724-616: Was no revolt against the Austrian rule. Venetia remained under Austrian control until the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, when the Kingdom of Italy joined on the Prussian side and was promised Venetia in exchange for its assistance. Austria offered to sell Venetia to Italy, but the Italians refused, seeing it as a dishonourable act. This caused another southern front for Austria, the Third Italian War of Independence . Once
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