The Cabo Orange National Park ( Portuguese : Parque Nacional do Cabo Orange ) is a National park located in Amapá state in the north of Brazil , near the border between Brazil and French Guiana .
20-427: The Cabo Orange National Park has an area of 657,318 hectares (1,624,270 acres). It covers parts of the municipalities of Calçoene and Oiapoque . To the southwest the park adjoins the 2,369,400 hectares (5,855,000 acres) Amapá State Forest , a sustainable use conservation unit established in 2006. The Park is significant because it is situated on the coastline of Brazil; the only one in the rainforest that enjoys such
40-629: A large bay bordering on Cape Orange . The mouth of the Oyapock is the northern end of Brazil's coastline , as it is where the border between Brazil and French Guiana meets the ocean, but nearby Cape Orange, which separates the Bay of Oyapock from the Atlantic Ocean, is the northernmost point of the Brazilian coast. In Brazil, both the cape and the mouth of the Oyapock are often mistaken for
60-555: A location. This means that the faunal and floral species found here are quite different from those of the areas situated further inland. The park is accessible by boat and provides a fascinating look at the very different ecosystems of the coast and the jungle, juxtaposed with one another. The Cabo Orange National Park covers varied ecosystems, examples of which are mangroves , natural fields, fluvial marine forests, floodable areas, and terra firm, besides rich fauna. The natural beauties, rather well preserved and with evident tourist appeal –
80-430: A territorial dispute between Brazil and France was resolved through Swiss diplomatic arbitration. In addition to the small towns of Oiapoque (Amapá) and Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock (French Guiana), there are some small villages scattered along the bank of the Oyapock, such as Camopi and Clevelândia do Norte . The Oyapock River Bridge has been built across the river to connect the Brazilian town of Oiapoque and
100-644: Is a municipality located in the east of the state of Amapá in Brazil . It is located on the Atlantic Ocean in the Amazon jungle basin near French Guiana . Calçoene covers 14,269 square kilometres (5,509 sq mi) and has a population is 11,306. The name Calçoene is a corruption of "Calço N" (North Wedge, one of four mining zones defined by the Brazilian Government at the beginning of
120-686: Is a 403-kilometre (250 mi) long river in South America that forms most of the border between the French overseas department of French Guiana and the Brazilian state of Amapá . The Oyapock runs through the Guianan moist forests ecoregion. It rises in the Tumuk Humak ( Portuguese : Tumucumaque ) mountain range and flows into the Atlantic Ocean , where its estuary forms
140-438: Is bordered on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean , to the south by the municipalities of Amapá and Pracuúba , and to the west by the municipalities of Oiapoque and Serra do Navio . Calçoene is 272 kilometres (169 mi) from the state capital of Macapá . The municipality contains 23.23% of the 2,369,400 hectares (5,855,000 acres) Amapá State Forest , a sustainable use conservation unit established in 2006. One of
160-466: Is on a hill and has 127 large stones blocks of granite, each 3 metres (9.8 ft) high, and dug firmly into the ground. Archaeologist Mariana Petry Cabral of the Amapa Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (IEPA) said that the observatory has been designed to align with the winter solstice . Other agricultural societies also developed sophisticated ways to track important times in
180-817: Is part of the Amapá Biodiversity Corridor , created in 2003. The park is supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program . Protected species in the park include the giant armadillo ( Priodontes maximus ), giant anteater ( Myrmecophaga tridactyla ), jaguar ( Panthera onca ), oncilla ( Leopardus tigrinus ), black bearded saki ( Chiropotes satanas ), green sea turtle ( Chelonia mydas ), smalltooth sawfish ( Pristis pectinata ), West Indian manatee ( Trichechus manatus ) and Amazonian manatee ( Trichechus inunguis ). Cal%C3%A7oene Calçoene ( Portuguese pronunciation: [kawsoˈẽni] )
200-517: The 20th century). The city has the highest rainfall of any in Brazil, with an annual average of 4,165 millimetres (164.0 in). Calçoene is noted for its ancient megalithic observatory , often referred to as the "Amazon Stonehenge". The borders between French Guiana and Brazil were not clear, and in the 19th century, it was decided that the area between the Amazon and the Oyapock River
220-479: The French town of Saint-Georges-de-l'Oyapock. It is the first international land border connection of French Guiana; although completed since 2011, as of February 2017, it had remained closed to traffic due to payment delays for construction and building crews, staffing issues within the Brazilian customs facilities, plus some minor disagreements between the Brazilian and French governments. The inauguration ceremony of
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#1732765420759240-734: The Oiapoque River in the first years of the 16th century. It has been rendered Japoc, Yapoc, Iapoco, Wiapoco, and even called the Vicente Pinzón River. Early European colonists referred to the river as the Wiapoco , and it was the site of early settlements by the Englishman Robert Harcourt in 1608 and the Dutchman Jan van Ryen in 1627. The name Oiapoque has been officially used from 1900, when
260-503: The bridge finally took place on 18 March 2017. Starting from 08:00 on 20 March 2017, the bridge has been open to members of the public. The widespread Brazilian Portuguese expression "do Oiapoque ao Chuí" ("from the Oyapock to the Chuí [rivers]") is used to refer to the whole nation, by mentioning the waterways that mark respectively the northern and southern extremities of the Brazilian coastline (as noted above, they are often mistaken for
280-489: The case of the Cassiporé, Cunani, Uaçá, and Oiapoque – allow for boat, canoe, and launch trips and the practice of rafting. The vast biodiversity makes possible visitation for contemplating vegetal and animal species, above all birds, in addition to projects of environmental education and scientific research (main objectives of the national parks). The Cabo Orange National Park was created by decree 84.913 of 15 July 1980 with
300-477: The government of Brazil has named it the 12th Wetland of International Importance, under Ramsar Convention. The park is classified as IUCN protected-area category II (national park). The basic objective is the preservation of natural ecosystems of great ecological relevance and scenic beauty. This enables the conduct of scientific research, the development of educational activities and environmental interpretation, recreation in contact with nature and eco-tourism. It
320-576: The most popular tourist attraction is the Goiabal beach on the Atlantic Ocean , which is located 14 kilometers from the town of Calçoene. The beach is 4 kilometres long and the water is dark due to the influence of the Amazon. In May 2006, archeologists announced they had found a pre-colonial astronomical observatory , possibly 500 to 2,000 years old, near Calçoene. The age is based on pottery sherds on site that have been dated to 2,000 years old. The site
340-631: The objective of protecting flora, fauna and natural beauty. It is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio). The consultative council was created by IBAMA on 9 March 2006. The management plan was approved on 17 January 2011. On 22 March 2012 ICMBio and the Oiapoque fishermen came to an agreement mediated by the Federal Public Ministry over fishing in the park's waters. On 2013,
360-564: The solar calendar. At one time, researchers did not think any cultures in the Amazon Basin had developed such complexity as to build such a site. This has altered their thinking. The municipality of Calçoene contains three districts: Oyapock River The Oyapock or Oiapoque ( / ˈ ɔɪ . ə p ɒ k , ɔɪ . ə ˈ p oʊ k i / OY -ə-pok, OY -ə- POH -kee ; French : Fleuve Oyapock [flœv ojapɔk] ; Portuguese : Rio Oiapoque [ˈʁi.u ɔjɐˈpɔki] )
380-428: The whole country's northernmost point (rather than just of its coastline), and in the past this information could even be found in geography schoolbooks. Yet the true northernmost point in Brazil is actually far inland, on Monte Caburaí , in the state of Roraima , hundreds of kilometers from the Oyapock and almost a full degree more to the north. Vicente Yáñez Pinzón was said to be the first European person to see
400-478: Was a neutral territory. Paul Quartier had a meeting with the village chiefs of Cunani and Carsewenne (nowadays: Calçoene) in 1885. In 1886, the Republic of Independent Guiana was founded by a group of French adventurers and two village chiefs with Cunani as the capital. The unrecognised republic lasted until 1891. In 1900, the territory was awarded to Brazil. Calçoene became a municipality in 1956. Calçoene
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