84-548: The Calcutta Review is a bi-annual periodical, now published by the Calcutta University press, featuring scholarly articles from a variety of disciplines. The Calcutta Review was founded in May 1844, by Sir John William Kaye and Reverend Alexander Duff . Through the journal, Sir John Kaye aimed "to bring together such useful information, and propagate such sound opinions, relating to Indian affairs, as will, it
168-591: A "Manuscript Conservation Centre" under the National Mission for Manuscripts , which was established in 2003. The university has the highest number of students who have cleared the doctoral entrance eligibility exam, known as National Eligibility Test , in Natural Science and Arts to become eligible to pursue research with a full scholarship awarded by the Government of India. The university
252-574: A book depot, which was established in the 20th century. It publishes textbooks, treatises, journals and confidential papers for all the examinations conducted by the university. It also publishes the journal The Calcutta Review , which is one of the oldest Asian university journals. The Calcutta Review was established by Sir John Kaye in May 1844. It has been issued biannually since 1913. They also have an associated journal with Sage Publishing , Arthaniti: Journal of Economic Theory and Practice [ d ] . Internationally,
336-567: A catchment area ranging from Kabul to Myanmar . It is accredited as an "A" grade university by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). The university has a total of fourteen campuses spread over the city of Kolkata and its suburbs. As of 2020, 151 colleges and 21 institutes and centres are affiliated with CU. The university was fourth in the Indian University Ranking 2021 list, released by
420-825: A fifth two-year term in 1921–23. Initially, the university was only an affiliating and examining body. All the academic and teaching work was done in constituent colleges, which were the Presidency College , the Scottish Church College , the Sanskrit College and the Bengal Engineering College . During that period, the Council Room of the Calcutta Medical College and private residence of
504-516: A key figure in the early Theosophical Society , is also an alumnus of Calcutta University. [REDACTED] Media related to University of Calcutta at Wikimedia Commons [REDACTED] Works related to Portal:University of Calcutta at Wikisource Raj Darbhanga The Darbhanga Raj , also known as Raj Darbhanga and the Khandwala dynasty , was a Maithil Brahmin dynasty and the rulers of territories, not all contiguous, that were part of
588-1000: A larger building, the Centenary Building, which opened in 1968. The Darbhanga Building and the Asutosh Building are the two other buildings opened in 1921 and 1926, respectively. Rashbehari Siksha Prangan (also known as University College of Science and Technology or more commonly Rajabazar Science College), is located on Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road in Rajabazar. Established in 1914, it houses several scientific and technological departments, including pure and applied chemistry, pure and applied physics, applied optics and photonics, radio physics, applied mathematics, psychology, physiology, biophysics, molecular biology, and others. Taraknath Palit Siksha Prangan (also known as University College of Science or commonly Ballygunge Science College) on Ballygunge Circular Road in
672-794: A year or a few years' duration. Research is conducted in specialized institutes as well as individual departments, many of which have doctoral programs. The University of Calcutta has the largest research center, which started from the 100th Science Congress of India in January 2013. This is the Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CRNN) on the Technology Campus of CU at Salt Lake, West Bengal. The university has 18 research centers, 710 teachers, 3000 non-teaching staff and 11,000 postgraduate students. The central library at
756-544: Is a public state university located in Kolkata , West Bengal , India . It has 151 affiliated undergraduate colleges and 16 institutes in Kolkata and nearby areas. It was established on 24 January 1857 and is the oldest multidisciplinary university of Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asian Region. Today, the university's jurisdiction is limited to a few districts of West Bengal, but at the time of its establishment it had
840-739: Is a member of the United Nations Academic Impact initiative. The university has a ground and tent in Maidan, where various sports are played. Inter-college tournaments in sports like football , archery , basketball , and hockey are also organised. The university rowing club started in the year 1983 at Rabindra Sarobar . The Calcutta University Students' Union organises social and cultural activities occasionally, which include blood donation camps, environmental awareness programmes, relief fund collection, teachers day celebrations, and Saraswati puja , among others. Most of
924-541: Is done. Located on College Street, it is spread over an area of 2.7 acres (1.1 ha). It houses the Arts and Language department, administrative offices, museum, the central library, an auditorium etc. Exhibits like folk art of Bengal are present in the Asutosh Museum of Indian Art. Senate House was the first university building situated on this campus; it opened in 1872. In 1960, it was demolished to make way for
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#17327723394201008-426: Is hoped, conduce, in some small measure, directly or indirectly, to the amelioration of the condition of the people". The periodical proved to be successful, and was published as a quarterly up until 1912. Sir John Kaye was Editor of four issues, and then retired due to ill health. He remained the owner of the review until 1855, when it was purchased by Meredith Townsend. Thacker, Spink and Company bought it in 1857. It
1092-482: Is the humanities campus of the university. The departments of history, ancient Indian history and culture, Islamic history and culture, South and Southeast Asian studies, archaeology, political science, business management and museology are situated on this campus. The Technology Campus, also known as the Tech Camps, is the newest on the university. It brings together the three engineering and technical departments:
1176-618: The Asutosh Siksha Prangan was started around the 1870s. Apart from 39 departmental libraries, it has a central library, two campus libraries, and two libraries at the advanced centers spread across the seven campuses. Students at affiliated colleges can also access the central library. The university library has over one million books and more than 200,000 bound journals, proceedings, manuscripts, patents and other valuable collections. The university has its own publishing house called University Press and Publications along with
1260-625: The Calcutta Medical College , was affiliated with the university in 1857. The first college for women in India, Bethune College , is also affiliated with the university. From 1836 to 1890, Government Science College, Jabalpur , the first Indian science college, was affiliated with the University of Calcutta. The first university library began functioning in the 1870s. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and Joddu Nath Bose became
1344-726: The Central India Agency , Rajputana Agency , United Provinces of Agra and Oudh etc. went to the hands of University of Allahabad; Northern and North-Western provinces and states went under the University of Punjab. Jurisdiction of schools and colleges in Eastern India was retained by Calcutta University. By 1907, two colleges in Punjab, three in the Central Province, five in the State of Rajputana Agency, six in
1428-670: The East India Company sent a dispatch, known as Wood's despatch , to the Governor General of India in Council, to establish universities in Calcutta , Madras and Bombay . The Calcutta University Act came into force on 24 January 1857, and a 41-member Senate was formed as the policy-making body of the university. The land for the establishment of the university was given by Maharaja Maheshwar Singh Bahadur, who
1512-664: The Kshatriya surname of Singh and also made use of force when it came to pursuing their interests. They defended their domains against raiders from Nepal and fought battles against local Rajput Rajas. The Raj Darbhanga also made the Senas of Makwanpur in Nepal their subordinates with the Senas having to pay tribute to the Rajas of Darbhanga. The Raj Darbhanga used its military to help
1596-651: The Mithila region , now divided between India and Nepal. The rulers of Raj Darbhanga were Maithil Brahmins and their seat in the town of Darbhanga became the core of the Mithila region as the rulers were patrons of Maithil culture and the Maithili language . At its peak, the dynasty encompassed over 4000 square miles (10,360 km ) and is described as the "largest and richest of the North Bihar zamindaris and one of
1680-688: The National Institutional Ranking Framework of the Ministry of Education . Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state and government , social reformers, prominent artists, the only Indian Dirac Medal winner, many Fellows of the Royal Society and six Nobel laureates as of 2019. The Nobel laureates associated with this university are Ronald Ross , Rabindranath Tagore , C. V. Raman , Amartya Sen , and Abhijit Banerjee . The university has
1764-858: The chief justices of the Supreme Court of India associated with the University are Bijan Kumar Mukherjea , Sudhi Ranjan Das , Amal Kumar Sarkar , Ajit Nath Ray , Sabyasachi Mukharji and Altamas Kabir . Others have also served as judges in the Supreme Court, and as chief justices and judges in state high courts. Heads of state from other countries associated with the university include four presidents of Bangladesh ( Sheikh Mujibur Rahman , Mohammad Mohammadullah , Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem , and Abdus Sattar ) two prime ministers of Bangladesh ( Muhammad Mansur Ali and Shah Azizur Rahman ), three prime ministers of Pakistan ( Mohammad Ali Bogra , Hussein Shaheed Suhrawardy , and Nurul Amin ),
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#17327723394201848-525: The British and kept trying to be accorded gun salutes and other privileges but it never materialised. Rulers of Darbhanga included: Darbhanga has several palaces that were built during the Darbhanga Raj era. They include Nargona Palace , which was constructed after the 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake and has since been donated to Lalit Narayan Mithila University , and Lakshmivilas Palace . which
1932-639: The British era, their area of ownership was smaller than the area that they were granted under earlier sanad arrangements. A particularly significant reduction occurred when the influence of the British Raj caused them to lose control of the territories that were in Nepal but, nonetheless, their holdings were considerable. One estimate suggests that when their rule came to an end, the territories comprised around 6,200 square kilometres (2,400 sq mi), with around 4500 villages. The area that now comprises
2016-513: The Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the A.K.C. School of Information Technology and the Department of Applied Optics and Photonics, in Sector 3, JD Block, Salt Lake . The university is governed by a board of administrative officers, which includes the vice-chancellor, pro-vice-chancellor for academic affairs, pro-vice-chancellor for business affairs and finance, the registrar,
2100-791: The Goenka Hospital Diagnostic Research Centre for the University College of Medicine was opened as the university health service. Until 1960, Senate House was one of the city's most prominent landmarks. In 1968, the Centenary Building opened on the former location of the Senate House. Currently, it houses the Central Library, the Asutosh Museum of Indian Art , the centenary auditorium and a number of university offices. By
2184-961: The Hazra Road Campus, the University Press and Book Depot, the B. T. Road Campus, the Viharilal College of Home Science Campus, the University Health Service, the Haringhata Campus, the Dhakuria Lakes (University Rowing Club) and the University Ground and Tent at Maidan. Asutosh Siksha Prangan (commonly called the College Street Campus) is the university's main campus where the administrative work
2268-643: The Indian Council of Agricultural Research) in 1926. Although it was shut down in 1941 due to World War II . Then, in 1954, a postgraduate department in agriculture was started in Ballygunge Science College by the university, with agricultural botany as the only subject; two years later, a Veterinary Science Institute was included and the department was upgraded into a faculty called agriculture and veterinary science. In 2002 university decided to reopen undergraduate agriculture courses in
2352-645: The Institute of Agricultural Science was established under the University of Calcutta. It was founded by Pabitra Kumar Sen , who was the Khaira Professor of Agriculture (another endowment chair) in the early 1950s. Initial efforts began as early as 1913, but the first institute was set up only in 1939 at Barrackpore (a city near Kolkata) by the university, following the establishment of the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research (now known as
2436-476: The NAAC awarded its highest grade of 'A' to the University of Calcutta in the second and third cycle of the university's accreditation. In 2019, the university's central library and 40 departmental libraries were opened to the public. They have over one million books and more than 200,000 journals, proceedings and manuscripts. The seal has changed multiple times over the years. The first seal dates back to 1857. It
2520-644: The Nawabs of Bengal in suppressing rebellions from Bettiah , the chieftains of the Terai and Banjaras although the Rajas of Darbhanga themselves still refused to pay taxes or tribute to the Nawabs. In 1750, Alivardi Khan of Bengal sent a force against Narendra Singh of Darbhanga following his refusal to remit revenue however this force was defeated. The descendants of Mahesh Thakur gradually consolidated their power in social, agrarian, and political matters and came to be regarded as kings of Madhubani . Darbhanga became
2604-744: The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh and seven in Ceylon were disaffiliated. A series of disaffiliations continued till 1948. Schools and colleges in Orissa and Bihar province went under University of Patna after its establishment in 1917. University of Rangoon was established in 1920 and the Burma region went under it in 1921. In the same year, University of Dacca was established and some colleges in East Bengal went under it and whole control
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2688-719: The University of Calcutta was ranked 801–1000 in the QS World University Rankings of 2023 and 181 in Asia. It was ranked 1001–1200 in the world by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings of 2023, 401–500 in Asia in 2022 and in the same band among emerging economies. It was ranked 901–1000 in the Academic Ranking of World Universities of 2022. In India, the University of Calcutta
2772-401: The affiliated undergraduate colleges located in the city have their own student hostels. The university has 17 hostels, of which eight (two for undergraduates and six for postgraduates) are for women. A total of 13 hostels are for paying guest students located across the city. In 1938, the then Vice-Chancellor Syama Prasad Mookerjee asked Rabindranath Tagore to compose a " university song " for
2856-556: The agricultural experiment farm campus at Baruipur , a city south of Calcutta. In the same year, the department was restructured as a separate Institute of Agricultural Science. The Faculty of Arts consists of 23 departments; commerce consists of three departments; education, journalism and library science consist of three departments; engineering and technology consist of eight departments; science has 22 departments and home science offers courses on subjects such as food and nutrition, human development, and home science. The Faculty of Law
2940-753: The centenary of Calcutta University, the building was demolished to make space for a more utilitarian building. In 1957, the university's centenary year, it received a grant of ₹ 1 crore (equivalent to ₹ 100 crore or US$ 12 million in 2023) from the University Grants Commission, which aided with the construction of the Centenary Building on the College Street campus and the Law College Building on Hazra Road campus. The Economics Department got its own building in 1958 near Barrackpore Trunk Road . In 1965,
3024-668: The day of Ram Navami in 1557. Akbar had been impressed with his "great erudition". Henningham was of the opinion that Akbar made use of Mahesh Thakur by helping the Maithil Brahmins to displace the Rajputs as the local ruling elite. In 1684, Aurangzeb issued a firman that had the effect of differentiating Raj Darbhanga from other estates of the region. The lands belonging to the Darbhanga family were theirs permanently and became private property rather than belonging to
3108-667: The empire. Raj Darbhanga from this point onwards was legally independent and no longer had to pay tribute to the Nawabs of Bengal . In a report to the Patna Committee of review, Shitab Rai, the naib diwan of Bihar, admitted that the weak state of the empire had rendered many of the zamindars, including Raj Darbhanga, independent. Henningham described the Raj Darbhanga as a "semi-independent chieftainship". The rulers of Darbhanga in keeping with their elevated status, adopted
3192-448: The end of the 18th century, the Sarkar of Tirhut was practically an independent kingdom until the conquest of Bengal and Bihar by the British. The Raj Darbhanga was also much larger when compared with many of the princely states in Western parts of India, many of whom only contained a population of 200 people. These princely states also lacked the magisterial powers that Raj Darbhanga had. Its annual income of approximately 4 million rupees
3276-471: The estate was impartible and succession was to be governed by primogeniture. Zamindari estates in the region, including Darbhanga, sought intervention from the Court of Wards from time to time because the stewardship of the British authorities, who invested funds wisely, had a tendency to boost their economic position. The estate had in any event been badly run prior to this time: a complex system influenced by both nepotism and sycophancy had dramatically affected
3360-446: The family's rental income. The bureaucratic system introduced by the Court, whose appointed officials had no ties to the area, resolved the issue although, being focussed entirely on what was best for the owners, it did so without considering the consequences for the tenants. Towards the end of the 19th century, 47 percent of the cropped area of the Darbhanga estate was used for the cultivation of rice. Three percent of total cultivation
3444-424: The first graduates of the university in 1858, and Kadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi Basu were the first Indian female graduates in 1882. The first chancellor and vice-chancellor of the Calcutta University were Governor General Lord Canning and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Sir William Colvile , respectively. Ashutosh Mukherjee was the vice-chancellor for four consecutive two-year terms (1906–1914) and
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3528-454: The first premier of Burma under British rule, Ba Maw , the first president of Nepal , Ram Baran Yadav , and the first democratically elected prime minister of Nepal , Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala , as well as his successor Tulsi Giri . One of the prominent indigenous leaders from the Tripuri Community , Birendra Kishore Roaza , also graduated from the University. Notably, Gyanendra Nath Chakravarti , an influential Indian Theosophist and
3612-487: The greatest zamindaris of British India ". Despite not being recognised as a princely state by the British Raj, Darbhanga was larger and held more magisterial powers than many princely states, particularly those in Western India. The region was highly prosperous until the late 1990s. The Khandaval dynasty were Maithil Brahmins who came into prominence in the time of the Mughal emperor Akbar . The extent of their lands, which were not contiguous, varied over time, and by
3696-414: The highest number of students who have cleared the National Eligibility Test . The University of Calcutta is a member of the United Nations Academic Impact . Fredrick John, the education secretary to the British Government in India, first tendered a proposal to them in London for the establishment of a university in Calcutta, along the lines of London University . In July 1854, the Court of Directors of
3780-470: The latter was adopted as the new university song. The university has produced many scientists, engineers, world leaders, Nobel laureates and teachers. As the oldest university of Bengal and India, it attracts students from diverse walks of life. Nobel laureates who either studied or worked there include Rabindranath Tagore , Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman , Ronald Ross , Amartya Sen and Abhijit Banerjee . The Academy Award winning director Satyajit Ray
3864-535: The leading founders of Pakistan, studied dentistry at the university. A nationalist leader and former president of the Indian National Congress , co-founder of the Indian National Army , and head of state of the Provisional Government of Free India , Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose also spent some time at the university. Other presidents of the Indian National Congress include Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee , Surendranath Banerjee , Anandamohan Bose , Romesh Chunder Dutt , Bhupendra Nath Bose and Madan Mohan Malaviya . Malaviya
3948-431: The main deities of the royal family. Even though they were deeply religious, they were also secular in their outlook. The palace area in Darbhanga has three tombs of Muslim saints and a small mosque. The walls of fort at Darbhanga was designed to leave an area so that the mosque is not disturbed. The tomb of a Muslim saint is located next to Anandbagh Palace. As part of their attempt to reintroduce old Hindu customs such as
4032-408: The mid-1970s, it had become one of the largest universities in the world. It had 13 colleges under its direct control and more than 150 affiliated colleges, along with 16 postgraduate faculties. In the year 2001, the University of Calcutta was awarded the 'Five-Star' status in the first cycle of the university's accreditation by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). In 2009 and 2017,
4116-450: The northern part of the Indian state of Bihar was under a state of lawlessness at the end of the Tughlaq Dynasty . The Tughlaq had attacked and taken control of Bihar and from the end of the Tughlaq Dynasty until the establishment of the Mughal Empire in 1526 there was anarchy and chaos in the region with various Rajput clans fighting for power. Akbar , the Mughal emperor, realised that taxes from Mithila could only be collected if there
4200-461: The number of places available. For some departments, entrance exams may take place at the sole discretion of the head of the department. Anyone can apply within five years of passing the Higher Secondary Examination . For engineering courses, admission is based on the West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination (WBJEE) rankings. Meanwhile, for postgraduate courses and doctoral degree courses, one has to take an entrance exam or written test given by
4284-446: The number of students and candidates. After almost sixty years, a second building, known as the Darbhanga Building, was erected in 1912 with a donation of ₹ 2.5 lakh (equivalent to ₹ 7.7 crore or US$ 930,000 in 2023) from Maharaja Maheshwar Singh Bahadur. The Darbhanga Building housed the University Law College , its library and some university offices and afforded space to hold university examinations on its top floor. In
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#17327723394204368-477: The objective of publishing Tantric texts in English and other languages. Darbhanga became one of the prominent centres of Hindustani classical music from the late 18th century. The kings of Raj Darbhanga were great patrons of music, art, and culture. Several famous musicians were associated with Raj Darbhanga. Prominent amongst them were Ustad Bismillah Khan, Gauhar Jaan , Pandit Ram Chatur Mallik, Pandit Rameshwar Pathak , and Pandit Siya Ram Tiwari. Raj Darbhanga
4452-568: The same through the seal's transitions. The university has a total of 14 campuses spread over the city of Kolkata and its suburbs. They are referred to as Sikhsa Prangan , which means education premises. Major campuses include the Central Campus (Ashutosh Shiksha Prangan) on College Street, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture (Rashbehari Shiksha Prangan or Rajabazar Science College or Science College) in Rajabazar , Taraknath Palit Shiksha Prangan in Ballygunge and Sahid Khudiram Siksha Prangan in Alipore . Other campuses include
4536-417: The same year, the Government of British India granted a sum of ₹ 8 lakh (equivalent to ₹ 25 crore or US$ 3.0 million in 2023) for the acquisition of a market, Madhab Babu's Bazar, situated adjacent to the Senate House, and construction of a new building for the teaching departments began. It opened in 1926, and was later named the Asutosh Building, after Asutosh Mukherjee, vice-chancellor of
4620-463: The seat of power of the Raj Darbhanga family in 1762. They also had a palace at Rajnagar Bihar situated in Madhubani district. They bought land from local people. They became known as a Khandavala family (the richest landlord). For a period of twenty years (1860–1880), Darbhanga Raj was placed under the Court of Wards by the British Raj . During this period, Darbhanga Raj was involved in litigation regarding succession. This litigation decided that
4704-437: The site and ₹ 170,561 (equivalent to ₹ 78 million or US$ 940,000 in 2023) was sanctioned to construct the new building on College Street . It opened in 1873 and was called Senate House. It had meeting halls for the Senate, a chamber for the vice-chancellor, the office of the registrar, examination rooms and lecture halls. In 1904, postgraduate teaching and research began at the university, which led to an increase in
4788-434: The southern part of the city, houses the departments of agriculture, anthropology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, geography, genetics, statistics, zoology, neuroscience, marine science, biotechnology, and most notably geology, among others. It also houses S. N. Pradhan Centre For Neurosciences and the Institute of Agricultural Science. Sahid Khudiram Siksha Prangan, commonly known as Alipore Campus, located at Alipore,
4872-442: The study of Vedas and Vedic rites, the Maharaja reintroduced Samavedic study by inviting a few well-versed Samavedins from south India to teach there. Maharaja Rameshwar Singh established and was general president of Sri Bharat Dharma Mahamadal, a neo-conservative Hindu organisation that sought to make Hindu scriptures available to all castes and women. He was one of the main patrons of Agamanusandhana Samiti, an organisation with
4956-455: The university in 1906–14. Between 1912 and 1914, Taraknath Palit and Rash Behari Ghosh , two eminent lawyers, donated assets totalling ₹ 25 lakh (equivalent to ₹ 67 crore or US$ 8.0 million in 2023), and founded the University College of Science at Upper Circular Road (now known as Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road). Before the partition of India , twenty-seven colleges from East Bengal (now Bangladesh) were affiliated with
5040-1288: The university including the first Indian governors of Bihar and Odisha, Lord Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha of Raipur, Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh , governor of the Punjab and Uttar Pradesh, and Banwari Lal Joshi , the former governor of Delhi, Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh and the current governor of Uttarakhand. The former rulers of the Indian princely state of Coochbehar and of Saraikela were also alumni of this university, as were colonial-era prime ministers Albion Rajkumar Banerjee of Kashmir and A.K. Fazlul Huq of undivided Bengal. Among its former students are eight chief ministers of West Bengal : Prafulla Chandra Ghosh , Bidhan Chandra Ray , Prafulla Chandra Sen , Ajoy Mukherjee , Siddhartha Shankar Ray , Jyoti Basu , Buddhadeb Bhattacharya , and Mamata Banerjee ; three chief ministers each of Assam : Gopinath Bordoloi , Bishnuram Medhi and Golap Borbora ; chief ministers of Bihar : Krishna Sinha , Binodanand Jha and Ram Sundar Das ; two chief ministers of Meghalaya : B.B. Lyngdoh and S.C. Marak , and two chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh : Ravishankar Shukla , Kamal Nath . The chief ministers of Manipur , Rishang Keishing , Nagaland , S.C. Jamir and Sikkim B B Gurung were also students. Among
5124-423: The university librarian, the inspector of colleges, the system manager and 35 others. They monitor the operation of the university and its affiliated colleges and the university's funding. In 2017, Sonali Chakravarti Banerjee became the 51st vice-chancellor of the university. The university is funded by the University Grants Commission, the Government of West Bengal , other agencies for various research works and by
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#17327723394205208-642: The university or any national level exam related to the subject, held by the UGC. A merit list is prepared on the basis of the exam results. Undergraduates may enroll for a three- or four-year program in engineering. Students choose a major when they enter the university and cannot change it unless they opt later for the university's professional or self-financed postgraduate programs. Science and business disciplines are in high demand, largely in anticipation of better employment prospects. Most programs are organized on an annual basis, though some programs are semester dependent. Most departments offer master's programs of
5292-404: The university's accreditation. The UGC recognized the University of Calcutta as a "University with Potential for Excellence", on 8 December 2005. It was also awarded the status of "Centre with Potential for Excellence in Particular Area" in Electro-Physiological and Neuro-imaging studies including mathematical modeling . The Manuscript Library at the university has also been designated as
5376-478: The university's control was curtailed to Bengal (which included Orissa and Bihar), Assam and Burma provinces. In the act, the Governor-General-in-Council was given the power to the limit territorial jurisdiction of the five universities; Calcutta, Bombay , Madras , the Punjab and Allahabad. Following the Government of British India notification on 20 August 1904, Ceylon went under the University of Madras; provinces, states and agencies of Central India, such as
5460-569: The university's own initiatives like fees, sales proceeds, publications and service charges generated from endowment funds . At one time, the university had a huge catchment area in British India , ranging from Lahore in the west to Rangoon in east and Ceylon in the south. Colleges like Thomason Engineering College (now IIT Roorkee), Muhammedan Anglo-Oriental College (now Aligarh Muslim University ), Canning College, Lucknow (now University of Lucknow ), King George Medical College (now King George's Medical University ), etc. were affiliated to
5544-413: The university. Rabindranath composed two songs instead of one— " Cholo Jai, Cholo Jai " and " Subho Karmapathe Dharo Nirvayo Gaan " (in English, "Let's go, let's go" and "Take up fearless song on the path of good deeds" respectively). The former song was adopted and sung by parading students on the university's foundation day on 24 January 1937. In the post centenary golden jubilee year of the university,
5628-412: The university. Schools situated in districts like Rawalpindi , Lahore , Jaypur , Cawnpur, and Mussoorie used to prepare and send students for the university entrance examination. No provisions to curtail territorial control were made after establishment of University of Punjab and Allahabad in 1882 and 1887 respectively. After the Indian Universities Act of 1904 came in, however, for the first time,
5712-433: The university. The Government of West Bengal passed the Calcutta University Act of 1951, which substituted the earlier act of 1904 and ensured a democratic structure for the university. The West Bengal Secondary Education Act was passed in the same year linking the university with the school leaving examination. Gradually the requirements of the university grew, and the Senate House was becoming incapable of handling them. After
5796-457: The vice-chancellor used to house the Senate meetings. The faculty councils generally met at the residences of the presidents of the faculties concerned, in the Civil Engineering College or in the Writers' Building . Because of the lack of space, university examinations were conducted in the Kolkata Town Hall and in tents in the Maidan urban park. In 1866, a grant of ₹ 81,600 (equivalent to ₹ 37 million or US$ 450,000 in 2023) for
5880-425: Was Maharaja Bahadur Sir Kameshwar Singh . He died in 1962 without naming a successor. The origin of the royal family of Darbhanga is traced to a grant of the Sarkar of Tirhut to Mahesh Thakur by Akbar. The supporters of the theory that Raj Darbhanga was a kingdom argue that it was held by privy council , that the rulership was a hereditary one with succession governed by primogeniture . The supporters argue that by
5964-406: Was a Maharaja of Darbhanga . When the university was first established it had a jurisdiction from Kabul to Rangoon and Ceylon , the largest of any Indian university. Calcutta University was the first university east of Suez to teach European classics, English literature , European and Indian philosophy and Occidental and Oriental history. The first medical school in British India,
6048-571: Was a circular structure in front of Manokamna Temple, which was known as the bandstand. The band used to play music there in the evening. Today the floor of the bandstand is the only part still extant. Raj Darbhanga promoted various sports activities. The polo ground in Laheriasarai was a major centre for polo in pre-independence times in Bihar. The winner of a major polo tournament in Calcutta
6132-475: Was a king who could ensure peace there and by 1574 he had succeeded in defeating the Rajput Rajas of Tirhut . As per local tradition, Akbar summoned Rajpandit Chandrapati Thakur to Delhi and asked him to name one of his sons who could be made caretaker and tax collector for his lands in Mithila. Chandrapati Thakur named his middle son, Mahesh Thakur , whom Akbar then declared as the ruler of Mithila on
6216-526: Was a main patron of Dhrupad , a vocal style in Hindustani classical music. One of the three major schools of Dhrupad today is known as Darbhanga Gharana . Raj Darbhanga supported Murad Ali Khan, one of the foremost sarod players of his time. Khan is credited with being the first person to use metal strings and metal fingerboard plates on his sarod, which has today become the standard. Raj Darbhanga had its own symphony orchestra and police band. There
6300-442: Was also on par with many a princely state. The opponents of the theory argue that Raj Darbhanga was never a kingdom but rather a zamindari with all the trappings of a princely state. The rulers of Raj Darbhanga were the largest landowners in India, and thus were called Raja, and later Maharaja and Maharajadhiraja. They were given the status of ruling prince. According to Arvind, they were "robber barons", who curried favour from
6384-571: Was also the founder of the Banaras Hindu University . Among the presidents of India associated with this university are Rajendra Prasad (who studied there) and Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan (who taught there), and Pranab Mukherjee , who both studied and taught at affiliated colleges of the university. The former vice president of India , Mohammad Hamid Ansari studied there, as did a former deputy prime minister of India , Jagjivan Ram . Many governors of Indian states studied at
6468-673: Was an alumnus of the university, as was the composer of the national song of India, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay , as was Padma Shri Award winning director Tarun Majumdar . Some of the industrialists who studied at the university include Sir Rajen Mookerjee , Rama Prasad Goenka , Lakshmi Mittal , and Aditya Birla . Notable scientists, medical doctors and mathematicians associated with the university include Jagadish Chandra Bose , Prafulla Chandra Ray , Meghnad Saha , Anil Kumar Gain , Satyendra Nath Bose , Subir Kumar Ghosh , Ashoke Sen , Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay , C. R. Rao , Asima Chatterjee , and Ujjwal Maulik . Fatima Jinnah , one of
6552-617: Was changed when the Government of India Act 1858 was passed by the British parliament . This brought the government and territories of the East India Company , including the University of Calcutta, under the British Crown . Seal three, four and five were introduced in 1930s, The fourth seal faced criticism locally. The current university seal is the modified version of the sixth seal. The motto Advancement of Learning has remained
6636-780: Was cut with the partition of India in 1947 . In 1948, all the schools and colleges in Assam left the university after the establishment of Gauhati University . As of 2020, 151 colleges and 22 institutes and centers, in West Bengal are affiliated with the university. Some of the affiliated colleges include: The university has 60 departments organized into seven faculties: arts, commerce, social welfare and business management, education, journalism and library science, engineering and technology, fine arts, music and home science, law and science; and an agriculture institute with six departments. To provide agricultural education and research,
6720-683: Was established in January 1909 as the University College of Law. It was granted status as the university's department of law in February 1996. This campus is popularly known as Hazra Law College . The faculty has many luminaries associated with it, including Rajendra Prasad, Rashbehari Ghose, and Chittaranjan Das. For undergraduate courses—Arts (BA), Commerce (B.Com.) and Science (BSc) streams (except engineering courses)—one can apply directly for multiple courses based on their Higher Secondary School Certificate examination or any equivalent exam results. Students are shortlisted according to their marks and
6804-458: Was given over to indigo at that time, making the estate one of the most important centres in the region for this crop prior to the introduction of chemical dyes. After the independence of India from British rule in 1947, the Government of India initiated several land reform actions and the Zamindari system was abolished. The fortunes of Darbhanga Raj dwindled. The last ruler of Raj Darbhanga
6888-629: Was printed by Sanders and Cowes until 1857, when it moved to the Serampore Press. When Rev. T. Ridsdale took over as editor, it was published by R. C. Lepage and Company. The journal was not published in 1912. In its second series, from 1913 to 1920, it was published bi-annually. In 1921, it was acquired by the Calcutta University press, which now releases it bi-annually. Calcutta University The University of Calcutta , informally known as Calcutta University ( CU ),
6972-492: Was ranked 26th overall by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2024 and 18th among universities. In 2001, the University of Calcutta was awarded "Five-Star" status in the first cycle of the university's accreditation by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). In 2009 and 2017, NAAC awarded its highest grade of 'A' to the University of Calcutta in the second and third cycle of
7056-773: Was severely damaged in the 1934 earthquake, rebuilt, and later donated to Kameshwar Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University and Darbhanga Fort . Darbhanga Raj also had several palaces in other towns in India, including the Rajnagar Palace Complex at Rajnagar , in Madhubani District of Bihar, and Darbhanga House (currently the Loreto Convent Tara Hall school) at Kaithu, Shimla. The Maharajas of Darbhanga were devoted to Sanskrit traditions and were supporters of orthodox Hindu practices in both caste and religion. Shiva and Kali were
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