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23-601: The California Military Department and the California National Guard are sometimes referred to interchangeably. The Adjutant General (TAG) is the commander of all State of California military forces and is subordinate only to the Governor. TAG is: In the 1850 law establishing the California Militia, the office of Adjutant General was separate from that of Quartermaster General. In 1852,

46-613: A National Guard unit is federalized it is moved from state command to the Department of Defense and placed under an Army or Air Force command. Twenty-three adjutants general have responsibility for military land forces that comprise state level militias under the command of the various governors and generally have state support missions. Eight of which maintain a naval militia division. Two adjutants general, Puerto Rico and Texas, are also responsible for an air support component. Some adjutant generals are responsible for oversight of

69-403: A popular referendum, the holder of this position is now appointed by the governor . Each adjutant general shares a common responsibility for the state's National Guard plus a unique set of other responsibilities defined by the state's constitution, state statutes, and other state-level directives. In addition to their state responsibilities, each TAG is responsible to the federal government for

92-496: A substitute for physical education—a decision each school or district makes based on the course of instruction provided, the instructors' credentials, and the alignment of the curriculum with state standards. California State Content Standards in health, science, physical education, social science, language arts, English language development, and mathematics are embedded in the CACC curriculum's content and activities. The CACC serves as

115-525: Is a paramilitary youth organization in California open to students in the college, high school, middle school and elementary school grades. Established through statute in 1911, it has trained more than a million young people. It is one of five budgeted youth programs of the CMD. The California Military and Veterans Code (MVC Section 517) authorizes CACC units as part of all regular schools, for all children in

138-484: Is the de facto commander of a state's military forces, including the National Guard residing within the state, the state's naval militia , and any state defense forces . This officer is known as TAG (The Adjutant General), and is subordinated to the chief executive (generally the state's governor). They do not have authority over police forces, only military forces. In 49 states, Puerto Rico , Guam , and

161-501: Is the fourth component of the state militia, comprising, like the other three active militia components, all able-bodied male residents of the state between 18 and 45 years of age and other persons who have voluntarily applied and are otherwise eligible to serve. The unorganized militia may be called for active duty in case of "war, rebellion, insurrection, invasion, tumult, riot, breach of the peace, public calamity or catastrophe, or other emergency, or imminent danger" of such an event by

184-917: The Adjutants General Association of the United States (AGAUS) which strives to enhance both state and national military security. A professional military guard organization, the National Guard Association of the United States serves to lobby both Congress and the Executive branch about common needs of the Guard as a whole and also provide support to members of the National Guard. Each adjutant general commands their state's Army and Air National Guard units which are not on federal active duty. When

207-707: The United States Virgin Islands , the adjutant general is appointed by the governor . The exceptions are Vermont , where the adjutant general is appointed by a vote of the Vermont General Assembly , and the District of Columbia , where a commanding general is appointed by the President of the United States of America . Until 2016, South Carolina chose its adjutant general in statewide general elections, but after passage of

230-681: The CACC's individual units is a shared responsibility of the local school authorities and the CMD. Commandants must be credentialed by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing and appointed by the Adjutant General. In accordance with Sections 509–512 of the California Military and Veterans Code, the CMD is responsible for providing uniforms and equipment, developing curriculum, and conducting state level competitions, activities, and awards programs for

253-399: The Governor or officers designated by the Governor. That is, the unorganized militia consists of ordinary persons not in active military service but liable or willing to serve, who may be called for active duty by the Governor in case of utter emergency. The name unorganized militia is confusing because of the dated language of the statute; it refers simply to the selective service pool of

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276-417: The business world, where communication and leadership skills are essential. The CaCC's current objectives are to: These expanded goals provide personal growth and leadership opportunities for cadets from middle school through high school levels. Activities include summer encampments, field training (including land navigation), marksmanship, and military drill competitions. The development and maintenance of

299-437: The cadets. The CMD provides in-service and pre-service training for adult commandants and volunteers across the state. The CMD is also responsible for issuing state orders for officers and enlisted personnel and updating Commandant and Cadet Regulations. The CACC program is offered through the school as a component of its school mission and curriculum. The CACC military science class can be taken as an elective, or for credit as

322-441: The command of a military , train alongside them, or have permission to use their resources, despite not actually being part of them. Under the law of war , a state may incorporate a paramilitary organization or armed agency (such as a law enforcement agency or a private volunteer militia ) into its combatant armed forces. Some countries' constitutions prohibit paramilitary organizations outside government use . Depending on

345-413: The responsibility for overseeing homeland security . In other states, this responsibility may be assigned to the state's law enforcement agency instead. Some states place their veteran's affairs organization in the state's military department under the oversight of the state adjutant general. Other states have an independent veteran's affairs department. Each adjutant general is the senior officer in

368-424: The state military in modern sense. In particular, it must not be confused with paramilitary organizations , colloquially called "militias" in the modern language, which operate outside of the state military authority. Paramilitary organizations are prohibited by law in California. State adjutants general Each state in the United States has a senior military officer, as the state adjutant general , who

391-497: The state's emergency management organization. These groups are non-military organizations but have a close working relationship with the state's National Guard and any state defense forces. They are the state level agency that works directly with the Federal Emergency Management Agency in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from disasters. Some states have assigned their adjutant general

414-400: The state's military structure. Many hold federal rank as active duty general officers, but others may for a variety of reasons, including mandatory federal military retirement age, only hold general officer rank from their state. Paramilitary A paramilitary is a military that is not a part of a country's official or legitimate armed forces. The Oxford English Dictionary traces

437-490: The state. The CACC is a statewide, school-based, applied leadership program conducted within a military framework. Its primary goal was originally to prepare young men to be officers in the United States military, after Brigadier General Edwin A. Forbes saw that the Germans already had such programs before World War I. The program's goal has since expanded not only to prepare young men and women for military service, but also for

460-518: The two offices were consolidated when William H. Richardson resigned and Quartermaster General William Chauncey Kibbe became Adjutant General. Adjutants General have included: The Office of the Adjutant General (OTAG) is enumerated in CA Military & Veteran's Code § 161 (recently amended by SB807 on 9/17/12) and consists of: The department's Sunburst Youth Academy is run by the California National Guard. The California Cadet Corps (CACC)

483-654: The use and care of federal assets under the state's control. The National Guard Bureau (NGB) in the Department of Defense provides a centralized administrative, funding, and procurement process to support the states' military departments. The Chief of the National Guard Bureau also provides input as a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on national military activities as they relate to the National Guard. The 54 adjutants general collectively form

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506-795: The use of the term "paramilitary" as far back as 1934. Though a paramilitary is, by definition, not a military , it is usually equivalent to a light infantry or special forces in terms of strength, firepower, and organizational structure. Paramilitaries use combat-capable kit/equipment (such as internal security / SWAT vehicles ), or even actual military equipment (such as long guns and armored personnel carriers ; usually military surplus resources), skills (such as battlefield medicine and bomb disposal ), and tactics (such as urban warfare and close-quarters combat ) that are compatible with their purpose, often combining them with skills from other relevant fields such as law enforcement , coast guard , or search and rescue . A paramilitary may fall under

529-420: The “national model” for school-based applied leadership programs, and is designed to: The CACC provides a structured learning environment to facilitate academic success, leadership development, physical training and improved self-esteem through attaining achievable goals. It continues to receive support from the education community and civic leaders throughout California. The unorganized militia of California

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