54-671: Calumet County , Wisconsin , maintains three county parks Calumet County Park, Becker's Lake Park and Ledge View Nature Center and Brothertown and Stockbridge harbors. The Stockbridge harbor is on the List of Registered Historic Places in Wisconsin . Calumet County Park is under the Calumet County Park Group , an archeological site listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Ledge View Nature Center has
108-533: A demand for a new referendum from the Danish population in South Schleswig and some Danish politicians, including prime minister Knud Kristensen . However, the majority in the Danish parliament refused to support a referendum in South Schleswig, fearing that the "new Danes" were not genuine in their change of nationality. This proved to be the case and, from 1948 the Danish population began to shrink again. By
162-550: A general fertility rate of 52.0 births per 1000 women aged 15–44, the ninth lowest rate out of all 72 Wisconsin counties. Additionally, there were 14 reported induced abortions performed on women of Calumet County residence in 2017. The University of Wisconsin–Extension has compiled statistics on Calumet County's dairy industry. Calumet County has more bovines (cattle and calves) than people. As of 2010 there are 28,600 head of dairy cows and 65,000 head of bovine total (that includes dairy cows, beef cattle, and calves.) 73% of land in
216-423: A king holding a ducal title of which he as king was the fount and liege lord . The title and anomaly survived presumably because it was already co-regally held by the king's sons. Between 1544 and 1713/20, the ducal reign had become a common dominium , with the royal House of Oldenburg and its cadet branch House of Holstein-Gottorp jointly holding the stake. A third branch, the short-lived House of Haderslev ,
270-467: A main root of the dispute between the German states and Denmark in the 19th century, when the ideas of romantic nationalism and the nation-state gained popular support. The title of duke of Schleswig was inherited in 1460 by the hereditary kings of Norway, who were also regularly elected kings of Denmark simultaneously, and their sons (unlike Denmark, which was not hereditary). This was an anomaly –
324-583: A majority of 80% to remain part of Germany. In Southern Schleswig, no referendum was held, as the likely outcome was apparent. The name Southern Schleswig is now used for all of German Schleswig. This decision left substantial minorities on both sides of the new border. Following the Second World War , a substantial part of the German population in Southern Schleswig changed their nationality and declared themselves as Danish. This change
378-420: A nature center which explains the geology of the area. Ledge View Nature Center is located two miles south of Chilton, Wisconsin . The nature center was built in 1981. Visitors can walk or ski trails, or visit a nature center which explains the geology of the area, including the drumlins , Niagara Escarpment and other post-glacial features. There are several caves that visitors can tour by appointment. There
432-537: A new common constitution (the so-called November Constitution ) for Denmark and Schleswig in 1863. This was met by German states in two ways: The defeated Danish king had to leave Schleswig and Holstein to Austria and Prussia. They created a condominium over Schleswig and Holstein. Under the Gastein Convention of 14 August 1865, Lauenburg was given to Prussia, while Austria administered Holstein, and Prussia administered Schleswig. However, tensions between
486-401: A new cultural dividing line in the duchy because German was used for church services and teaching in the diocese of Schleswig and Danish was used in the diocese of Ribe and the archdeaconry of Haderslev. This line corresponds remarkably closely with the present border. In the 17th century, a series of wars between Denmark and Sweden—which Denmark lost—devastated the region economically. However,
540-434: A post-Civil War brickyard. There are several Native American effigy mounds in the upper campground portion of the park. It is open all year round. Based on its name, it seems possible that part or all of Calumet county park group, an archeological site listed on the national register of historic places, is within this or other Calumet County parks. The location of the archeological site is not disclosed. Becker's Lake Park
594-514: A son of his predecessor Eric I – Earl of Schleswig, a title used for only a short time before the recipient began to style himself duke . In the 1230s, Southern Jutland (the Duchy of Slesvig) was allotted as an appanage to Abel Valdemarsen , Canute's great-grandson, a younger son of Valdemar II of Denmark . Abel, having wrested the Danish throne to himself for a brief period, left his duchy to his sons and their successors, who pressed claims to
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#1732788086805648-589: A source of continuous dispute. The Treaty of Heiligen was signed in 811 between the Danish King Hemming and Charlemagne , by which the border was established at the Eider. During the 10th century, there were several wars between East Francia and Denmark. In 1027, Conrad II and Canute the Great again fixed their mutual border at the Eider. In 1115, King Niels created his nephew Canute Lavard –
702-489: A treaty of 1907 with Germany that, by the agreement between Austria and Prussia, the frontier between Prussia and Denmark had finally been settled. The Treaty of Versailles provided for plebiscites to determine the allegiance of the region. Thus, two referendums were held in 1920, resulting in the partition of the region. Northern Schleswig voted by a majority of 75% to join Denmark, whereas Central Schleswig voted by
756-410: Is a tower where visitors can view the countryside and Chilton. The park features three natural solution caves. Calumet County Park is located approximately four miles northwest of Stockbridge, Wisconsin along the east shore of Lake Winnebago . Visitors can camp in the summer, walk trails in the summer, and downhill ski in the winter. The Niagara Escarpment is prominent in the park. The park contains
810-476: Is the newest addition to the park system. Prairie grass has been planted, and wetlands have been constructed. The harbors are located near the city of Stockbridge , and the town of Brothertown , and both are part of the Calumet County Parks system. The Stockbridge harbor is on the list of registered historic places in Wisconsin. Calumet County Calumet County is a county located in
864-546: The 1920 plebiscites and partition , each side applying its preferred name to the part of the territory remaining in its possession – though both terms can, in principle, still refer to the entire region. Northern Schleswig was, after the 1920 plebiscites, officially named the Southern Jutland districts ( de sønderjyske landsdele ), while Southern Schleswig then remained a part of the Prussian province, which became
918-761: The German Confederation of which Holstein (and Lauenburg ) was a member state. Although Schleswig was never a part of the Confederation, the Confederation (and the short-lived German Empire of that time) treated Schleswig largely as such. The ideological argument was not only an ethnic but also a historical one: the German side referred to a medieval treaty that claimed that Schleswig and Holstein should be forever united (in Low German: up ewig ungedeelt ). The federal and then imperial troops consisted mainly of Prussian divisions. Under pressure of
972-718: The German state of Schleswig-Holstein in 1946. From early medieval times, the area's significance was its role as a buffer zone between Denmark and the powerful Holy Roman Empire to the south, as well as being a transit area for the transfer of goods between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea , connecting the trade route through Russia with the trade routes along the Rhine and the Atlantic coast (see also Kiel Canal ). In
1026-462: The U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 397 square miles (1,030 km ), of which 318 square miles (820 km ) is land and 79 square miles (200 km ) (20%) is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in Wisconsin by land area and fourth-smallest by total area. The west boundary is largely in Lake Winnebago . The Niagara Escarpment runs north–south several miles east of
1080-663: The U.S. state of Wisconsin . As of the 2020 census , the population was 52,442. The county seat is Chilton . The county was created in 1836 (then in the Wisconsin Territory ) and organized in 1850. Calumet County is included in the Appleton , WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Appleton- Oshkosh - Neenah , WI Combined Statistical Area . The Holyland is partially located in southern Calumet County. The county's name originated from
1134-455: The 1840s. The county was legally organized on February 5, 1850, by Chapter 84 Laws of 1850. Calumet County figures prominently in the 2015 Netflix television series Making a Murderer , which documents the arrests and trials of Manitowoc County resident Steven Avery , which involves from 2005 the Calumet sheriff's department and district attorney's office of Ken Kratz . According to
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#17327880868051188-473: The 19th century therefore had a clear Danish nationalist connotation of laying a claim to the territory and objecting to the German claims. "Olsen's Map", published by the Danish cartographer Olsen in the 1830s, used this term, arousing a storm of protests by the duchy's German inhabitants. Even though many Danish nationalists, such as the National Liberal ideologue and agitator Orla Lehmann , used
1242-794: The Brothertown and Stockbridge Indians, who had moved to New York after the American Revolutionary War . The Oneida shared land on their reservation with these peoples, who had been displaced by the years of colonization in New England, warfare and disease. Many of the early European residents in the Holyland region in the southern part of the county were emigrants from the Schleswig - Holstein region in Germany in
1296-478: The German Confederation, and ethnically entirely German with no Danish population, use of that name implied that both provinces should belong to Germany and that their connection with Denmark should be weakened or altogether severed. After the German conquest in 1864, the term Sønderjylland became increasingly dominant among the Danish population, even though most Danes still had no objection to
1350-489: The Wisconsin Department of Agriculture described Calumet County as "one of the most important producers of American cheese among the counties of Wisconsin." No interstate highways run through Calumet County. There are several U.S. routes in the county. U.S. Route 10 runs east–west across the north edge of the county. U.S. Route 151 runs north–south near the west edge of the county, and turns east–west at
1404-583: The bodies were entombed in wooden coffins originally, but only the iron nails remained. Towards the end of the Early Middle Ages , Schleswig formed part of the historical Lands of Denmark as Denmark unified out of a number of petty chiefdoms in the 8th to 10th centuries in the wake of Viking expansion. The southern boundary of Denmark in the region of the Eider River and the Danevirke was
1458-665: The county and surrounding communities. It is located just west of New Holstein . Nearly the entire west boundary of the county is located in Lake Winnebago . The first non-natives to enter the county most likely came in the county from the lake through the Fox River . The Manitowoc River and Sheboygan River both run through the county and flow into Lake Michigan through neighboring counties. Calumet County has three county parks , and two county run harbors . Calumet County celebrated its 150th annual fair in 2006. The fairgrounds held dirt track stockcars races on Friday nights in
1512-489: The county is owned by farmers. 2400 residents are employed in farming. Agriculture results in $ 338 million in economic activity, and it contributes $ 68.2 million in income to the county total income (including $ 7.2 million towards taxes). As of 2007, 99.3% of farms are owned by individuals, families, family partnerships or family corporations. Only 0.7% are owned by non-family corporate entities. As of April 1, 2010, Calumet county had 174 farms with dairy herd licenses. In 1931,
1566-594: The distinction between unfree labour and paid work was often vague. The feudal system was gradually abolished in the late 18th century, starting with the crown lands in 1765 and later the estates of the nobility. In 1805 all serfdom was abolished and land tenure reforms allowed former peasants to own their own farms. From around 1800 to 1840, the Danish-speaking population on the Angeln peninsula between Schleswig and Flensburg began to switch to Low German and in
1620-676: The duchy be incorporated into the Danish kingdom under the slogan "Denmark to the Eider". This caused a conflict between Denmark and the German states over Schleswig and Holstein , which led to the Schleswig-Holstein question of the 19th century. When the National Liberals came to power in Denmark in early 1848, it provoked an uprising of ethnic Germans in the duchies. This led to the First Schleswig War (1848–51). The Schleswig-Holsteiners were supported by
1674-500: The earliest records, no distinction is made between North Jutland and South Jutland. Roman sources place the homeland of the tribe of Jutes north of the river Eider and that of the Angles south of it. The Angles in turn bordered the neighbouring Saxons . By the early Middle Ages, the region was inhabited by three groups: During the 14th century, the population on Schwansen began to speak Low German alongside Danish, but otherwise
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1728-469: The early 1950s, it had nevertheless stabilised at a level four times higher than the pre-war number. In the Copenhagen-Bonn declaration of 1955, West Germany (later Germany as a whole) and Denmark promised to uphold the rights of each other's minority population. Today, both parts co-operate as a cross-border Euroregion : Region Sønderjylland–Schleswig . As Denmark and Germany are both part of
1782-547: The emergence of a unified Danish state. In May 1931, scientists of the National Museum of Denmark announced that they had unearthed eighteen Viking graves with the remains of eighteen men in them. The discovery came during excavations in Schleswig. The skeletons indicated that the men were bigger proportioned than twentieth-century Danish men. Each of the graves was laid out from east to west. Researchers surmised that
1836-565: The ethno-linguistic borders remained remarkably stable until around 1800, with the exception of the population in the towns that became increasingly German from the 14th century onwards. During the early Viking Age , Hedeby – Scandinavia's biggest trading centre – was located in this region, which is also the location of the interlocking fortifications known as the Danewerk or Danevirke . Its construction, and in particular its great expansion around 737, has been interpreted as an indication of
1890-578: The middle of the county. North-south state highways include 55 along the west edge, and 32 / 57 through the center. East-west state highways include 114 at the northwest corner of the county, and the now defunct 149 along the southeast corner. The Tri-County Expressway (WI 441) runs in an east–west to north–south curve in the extreme northwest corner of the county within Appleton city limits. New Holstein Municipal Airport (8D1) serves
1944-458: The name Schleswig , it began to assume a clear German nationalist character in the mid 19th century – especially when included in the combined term "Schleswig-Holstein". A central element of the German nationalistic claim was the insistence on Schleswig and Holstein being a single, indivisible entity (as they had been declared to be in the Treaty of Ribe 1460). Since Holstein was legally part of
1998-412: The nobility responded with a new agricultural system that restored prosperity. In the period 1600 to 1800 the region experienced the growth of manorialism of the sort common in the rye-growing regions of eastern Germany. The manors were large holdings with the work done by feudal peasant farmers. They specialized in high quality dairy products. Feudal lordship was combined with technical modernization, and
2052-583: The other great powers, Prussia had to retreat (in summer 1848 and again in summer 1850). This left the Schleswig-Holstein rebels to their fate. In 1851 the rebel government and its army were disbanded. In the London Protocol of 1852 the great powers confirmed that the king of Denmark was the duke of the duchies but also the status of the duchies as being distinct from Denmark proper. Denmark again attempted to integrate Schleswig by creating
2106-584: The population was 5.4% Hispanic or Latino of any race. As of the census of 2000, there were 40,631 people, 14,910 households, and 11,167 families residing in the county. The population density was 127 people per square mile (49 people/km ). There were 15,758 housing units at an average density of 49 units per square mile (19 units/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 96.68% White , 0.31% Black or African American , 0.34% Native American , 1.55% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.38% from other races , and 0.74% from two or more races. 1.07% of
2160-498: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 63.4% were of German ancestry. 96.0% spoke English , 1.7% Spanish and 1.2% German as their first language. There were 14,910 households, out of which 38.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.00% were married couples living together, 6.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.10% were non-families. 20.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.50% had someone living alone who
2214-528: The same period many North Frisians also switched to Low German. This linguistic change created a new de facto dividing line between German and Danish speakers north of Tønder and south of Flensburg. From around 1830, large segments of the population began to identify with either German or Danish nationality and mobilized politically. In Denmark, the National Liberal Party used the Schleswig question as part of their agitation and demanded that
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2268-912: The summer. The west boundary of the county is located almost entirely in Lake Winnebago. Boaters use the lake for recreational boating and fishing in the summer. The lake is the site of ice fishing in the winter, and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources manages a sturgeon spearing season in February. Calumet County has voted Republican in all but two elections since 1936, supporting Lyndon B. Johnson during his 1964 landslide and narrowly supporting Barack Obama in 2008. 44°05′N 88°13′W / 44.08°N 88.22°W / 44.08; -88.22 Schleswig The Duchy of Schleswig ( Danish : Hertugdømmet Slesvig ; German : Herzogtum Schleswig ; Low German : Hartogdom Sleswig ; North Frisian : Härtochduum Slaswik )
2322-406: The three duchies being governed jointly by Austria and Prussia . In 1866, they became a part of Prussia. In the 19th century, there was a naming dispute concerning the use of Schleswig or Slesvig and Sønderjylland ( Southern Jutland ). Originally the duchy was called Sønderjylland but in the late 14th century the name of the city Slesvig (now Schleswig ) started to be used for
2376-584: The throne of Denmark for much of the next century, so that the Danish kings were at odds with their cousins, the dukes of Slesvig. Feuds and marital alliances brought the Abel dynasty into a close connection with the German Duchy of Holstein by the 15th century. The latter was a fief subordinate to the Holy Roman Empire , while Schleswig remained a Danish fief. These dual loyalties were to become
2430-589: The two German powers culminated in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. Following the Peace of Prague , the victorious Prussians annexed both Schleswig and Holstein, creating the Province of Schleswig-Holstein . Provision for the cession of northern Schleswig to Denmark was made pending a popular vote in favour of this. In 1878, however, Austria-Hungary went back on this provision, and Denmark recognized in
2484-409: The use of Schleswig as such (it is etymologically of Danish origin) and many of them still used it themselves in its Danish version Slesvig . An example is the founding of De Nordslesvigske Landboforeninger (The North Schleswig Farmers Association). In 1866, Schleswig and Holstein were legally merged into the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein . The naming dispute was resolved with
2538-546: The western boundary. The topography has been greatly influenced by glaciation. As of the census of 2020 , the population was 52,442. The population density was 164.8 people per square mile (63.6 people/km ). There were 21,511 housing units at an average density of 67.6 units per square mile (26.1 units/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 88.7% White , 2.4% Asian , 0.8% Black or African American , 0.5% Native American , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 2.9% from other races , and 4.6% from two or more races. Ethnically,
2592-425: The whole territory. The term Sønderjylland was hardly used between the 16th and 19th centuries, and in this period the name Schleswig had no special political connotations. However, around 1830 some Danes started to re-introduce the archaic term Sønderjylland to emphasize the area's history before its association with Holstein and its connection with the rest of Jutland . Its revival and widespread use in
2646-597: The word calumet , the French name for the ceremonial pipes used by Native Americans in councils on the east shore of Lake Winnebago . In the 1830s, the United States government relocated Native Americans from New York and New England to the southwest part of the county; these included the Brothertown Indians , Oneida Indians , and Stockbridge-Munsee Indians. This was a second migration for
2700-475: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.15. In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.60% under the age of 18, 7.20% from 18 to 24, 32.00% from 25 to 44, 21.40% from 45 to 64, and 10.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 100.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.00 males. In 2017, there were 478 births, giving
2754-620: Was a duchy in Southern Jutland ( Sønderjylland ) covering the area between about 60 km (35 miles) north and 70 km (45 mi) south of the current border between Germany and Denmark . The territory has been divided between the two countries since 1920, with Northern Schleswig in Denmark and Southern Schleswig in Germany. The region is also called Sleswick in English. Unlike Holstein and Lauenburg , Schleswig
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#17327880868052808-531: Was already extinct in 1580 by the time of John the Elder . Following the Protestant Reformation , when Latin was replaced as the medium of church service by the vernacular languages, the diocese of Schleswig was divided and an autonomous archdeaconry of Haderslev created. On the west coast, the Danish diocese of Ribe ended about 5 km (3 mi) north of the present border. This created
2862-404: Was caused by a number of factors, most importantly the German defeat and an influx of a large number of refugees from the former Prussian eastern provinces, whose culture and appearance differed from the local Germans, who were mostly descendants of Danish families who had changed their nationality in the 19th century. The change in demographics created a temporary Danish majority in the region and
2916-459: Was never a part of the German Confederation . Schleswig was instead a fief of Denmark, and its inhabitants spoke Danish, German, and North Frisian. Both Danish and German National Liberals wanted Schleswig to be part of a Danish or German national state in the 19th century. A German uprising in March 1848 caused the First Schleswig War which ended in 1852. The Second Schleswig War (1864) ended with
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