The word dock (from Dutch dok ) in American English refers to one or a group of human-made structures that are involved in the handling of boats or ships (usually on or near a shore ). In British English , the term is not used the same way as in American English; it is used to mean the area of water that is next to or around a wharf or quay. The exact meaning varies among different variants of the English language .
16-615: Canada Dock is a dock on the River Mersey , England , and part of the Port of Liverpool . It is situated in the northern dock system in Kirkdale . Canada Dock consists of a main basin nearest the river wall with three branch docks and a graving dock to the east. It is connected to Brocklebank Dock to the north and Huskisson Dock to the south. The dock was the last and biggest designed by Jesse Hartley , opening in 1859. In 1862,
32-518: A dock is an enclosed area of water used for loading, unloading, building or repairing ships . Such a dock may be created by building enclosing harbour walls into an existing natural water space, or by excavation within what would otherwise be dry land. There are specific types of dock structures where the water level is controlled: Where the water level is not controlled berths may be: A dockyard (or shipyard) consists of one or more docks, usually with other structures. In American English , dock
48-552: A simple, hand-operated, chain pulled/lowered, worm drive or rack-and-pinion drive , or it may be electrically or hydraulically powered. A flap sluice, however, operates automatically, without external intervention or inputs. Sluice gates are one of the most common hydraulic structures used to control or measure the flow in open channels. Vertical rising sluice gates are the most common in open channels and can operate under two flow regimes: free flow and submerged flow. The most important depths in designing of sluice gates are: In
64-429: Is a sluice channeling water toward a water mill . The terms sluice , sluice gate , knife gate , and slide gate are used interchangeably in the water and wastewater control industry. "Sluice gate" refers to a movable gate allowing water to flow under it. When a sluice is lowered, water may spill over the top, in which case the gate operates as a weir . Usually, a mechanism drives the sluice up or down. This may be
80-467: Is also commonly used to refer to wooden or metal structures that extend into the ocean from beaches and are used, for the most part, to accommodate fishing in the ocean without using a boat. In American English , the term for the water area between piers is slip . In the cottage country of Canada and the United States , a dock is a wooden platform built over water, with one end secured to
96-460: Is technically synonymous with pier or wharf —any human-made structure in the water intended for people to be on. However, in modern use, pier is generally used to refer to structures originally intended for industrial use, such as seafood processing or shipping , and more recently for cruise ships , and dock is used for almost everything else, often with a qualifier, such as ferry dock , swimming dock, ore dock and others. However, pier
112-497: The Canada half-tide basin, which became Brocklebank Dock, was added by George Fosbery Lyster . Canada Dock dealt in timber being named after the main source of the trade, Canada . Fire was the greatest concern and the dock was initially kept isolated from the rest of the dock system for safety reasons. However, a fire did occur in 1893 causing £50,000 of damage. The original river entrance also presented navigational difficulties, with
128-482: The ancient Harappans must have possessed great knowledge relating to tides in order to build such a dock on the ever-shifting course of the Sabarmati , as well as exemplary hydrography and maritime engineering . This is the earliest known dock found in the world equipped to berth and service ships. It is speculated that Lothal engineers studied tidal movements and their effects on brick-built structures, since
144-433: The area affected by silting . Modifications to the basin took place in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, creating the branch docks and graving dock . The removal of the problematic tidal basin only took place after World War II , following a complete rebuild. Further improvements took place during the 1950s and 1960s as the dock became a base for cargo liner companies such as Harrison Line . The dock
160-642: The loading, unloading, building, or repairing of ships occurs. The earliest known docks were those discovered in Wadi al-Jarf , an ancient Egyptian harbor , of Pharaoh Khufu , dating from c.2500 BC located on the Red Sea coast. Archaeologists also discovered anchors and storage jars near the site. A dock from Lothal in India dates from 2400 BC and was located away from the main current to avoid deposition of silt . Modern oceanographers have observed that
176-464: The mountains of the United States, sluices transported logs from steep hillsides to downslope sawmill ponds or yarding areas. Nineteenth-century logging was traditionally a winter activity for men who spent summers working on farms. Where there were freezing nights, water might be applied to logging sluices every night so a fresh coating of slippery ice would reduce friction of logs placed in
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#1732787517062192-436: The shore. The platform is used for the boarding and offloading of small boats. Sluiced A sluice ( / s l u s / SLOOS ) is a water channel containing a sluice gate , a type of lock to manage the water flow and water level. It can also be an open channel which processes material, such as a river sluice used in gold prospecting or fossicking . A mill race , leet , flume , penstock or lade
208-489: The short path of the old track in case it requires reinstating. From 1893, passenger services were also provided by the Liverpool Overhead Railway via Canada Dock (LOR) station until 1956. Canada Dock remains in use, handling general bulk cargoes and as a site for scrap metal processing and storage. Dock (maritime) "Dock" may also refer to a dockyard (also known as a shipyard ) where
224-416: The sluice the following morning. Sluice boxes are often used in the recovery of black sands , gold , and other minerals from placer deposits during placer mining operations. They may be small-scale, as used in prospecting , or much larger, as in commercial operations, where the material is sometimes screened using a trommel , screening plant or sieve. Traditional sluices have transverse riffles over
240-488: The walls are of kiln -burnt bricks. This knowledge also enabled them to select Lothal's location in the first place, as the Gulf of Khambhat has the highest tidal amplitude and ships can be sluiced through flow tides in the river estuary . The engineers built a trapezoidal structure, with north–south arms of average 21.8 metres (71.5 ft), and east–west arms of 37 metres (121 ft). In British English ,
256-557: Was used as a ro-ro berth during the early 1990s. The dock was connected to the national rail network by the Canada Dock Branch Line . The short branch line from Atlantic Junction, just west of Kirkdale railway station , into the dock was closed on 12 September 1982. The terminus was Canada Dock railway station . Although the branch line closed to passengers in 1941, it remained in use for goods. The Route Utilisation Strategy states that there should be no building on
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