71-753: [REDACTED] Look up canaveral in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Canaveral may refer to: Cape Canaveral , a headland in Brevard County, Florida, USA which is the site of the Kennedy Space Center Cape Canaveral, Florida , a city in Brevard County, Florida, USA Cape Canaveral Space Force Station Kennedy Space Center , also referred to as "Canaveral" or "Cape Canaveral" in some sources Cape Canaveral Light , lighthouse on Cape Canaveral Port Canaveral ,
142-589: A crewed lunar landing by 1970 required an expansion of launch operations. On July 1, 1962, the Launch Operations Directorate was separated from MSFC to become the Launch Operations Center (LOC). Also, Cape Canaveral was inadequate to host the new launch facility design required for the mammoth 363-foot (111 m) tall, 7,500,000-pound-force (33,000 kN) thrust Saturn V rocket, which would be assembled vertically in
213-756: A fort from its timbers. In December 1571, Pedro Menéndez was wrecked off the Coast of Cape Canaveral and encountered the Ais Indians. From 1605 to 1606, the Spanish Governor of Florida Pedro de Ibarra sent Alvaro Mexia on a diplomatic mission to the Ais Indian nation. The mission was a success; diplomatic ties were made and an agreement for the Ais to receive ransoms for all the shipwrecked sailors they returned. The first Cape Canaveral Lighthouse
284-655: A gun club called the "Canaveral Club" at the Cape. This was founded by C. B. Horton of Boston and George H. Reed. A number of distinguished visitors including presidents Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison were reported to have stayed here. In the 1920s, the grand building fell into disrepair and later burned to the ground. In the 20th century, several communities sprang up in Cape Canaveral with names like Canaveral, Canaveral Harbor, Artesia and De Soto Beach. While
355-630: A large hangar and transported on a mobile platform to one of several launch pads. Therefore, the decision was made to build a new LOC site located adjacent to Cape Canaveral on Merritt Island . NASA began land acquisition in 1962, buying title to 131 square miles (340 km ) and negotiating with the state of Florida for an additional 87 square miles (230 km ). The major buildings in KSC's Industrial Area were designed by architect Charles Luckman . Construction began in November 1962, and Kennedy visited
426-405: A month. The frequent number of flights allowed for quick evolution of the vehicles, as engineers gathered data, learned from anomalies and implemented upgrades. In 1963, with the intent of KSC ELV work focusing on the ground support equipment and facilities, a separate Atlas/Centaur organization was formed under NASA's Lewis Center (now Glenn Research Center (GRC) ), taking that responsibility from
497-592: A municipality in Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain Cañaveral, Coclé , Panama See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "canaveral" on Misplaced Pages. All pages with titles containing Canaveral All pages with titles beginning with Canaveral Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Canaveral . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
568-638: A museum. The line was costing $ 1.3 million annually to maintain. Launch Complex 39 (LC-39) was originally built for the Saturn V , the largest and most powerful operational launch vehicle until the Space Launch System , for the Apollo crewed Moon landing program . Since the end of the Apollo program in 1972, LC-39 has been used to launch every NASA human space flight, including Skylab (1973),
639-515: A port at Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA Canaveral Groves, Florida , a community in Brevard County, Florida, USA Canaveral National Seashore , a national seashore in Brevard County, Florida, USA "Canaveral", a song by Shellac from their 2000 album 1000 Hurts "canaveral", a word for canebrake (from Spanish cañaveral = "canebrake") Cañaveral, Peru , a town in Contralmirante Villar, Tumbes, Peru Cañaveral, Spain ,
710-511: A science and technology display commemorating the U.S. Bicentennial . Concurrent with this event, the U.S. flag was painted on the south side of the VAB. During the late 1970s, LC-39 was reconfigured to support the Space Shuttle. Two Orbiter Processing Facilities were built near the VAB as hangars with a third added in the 1980s. KSC's 2.9-mile (4.7 km) Shuttle Landing Facility (SLF)
781-417: A single pad, the complex is capable of being expanded to two at a later date. As a part of promoting commercial space industry growth in the area and the overall center as a multi-user spaceport, KSC leases some of its properties. Here are some major examples: The Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex, operated by Delaware North since 1995, has a variety of exhibits, artifacts, displays and attractions on
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#1732772392724852-470: Is 34 miles (55 km) long and roughly six miles (9.7 km) wide, covering 219 square miles (570 km ). KSC is a major central Florida tourist destination and is approximately one hour's drive from the Orlando area. The Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex offers public tours of the center and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. From 1967 through 1973, there were 13 Saturn V launches, including
923-736: Is a cape in Brevard County, Florida , in the United States , near the center of the state's Atlantic coast. Officially Cape Kennedy from 1963 to 1973, it lies east of Merritt Island , separated from it by the Banana River . It is part of a region known as the Space Coast , and is the site of the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station . Since many U.S. spacecraft have been launched from both
994-577: Is also a Visitor Complex on site that is open to the public. Since 1949, the military had been performing launch operations at what would become Cape Canaveral Space Force Station . In December 1959, the Department of Defense transferred 5,000 personnel and the Missile Firing Laboratory to NASA to become the Launch Operations Directorate under NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center . President John F. Kennedy 's 1961 goal of
1065-525: Is among the longest runways in the world. On October 28, 2009, the Ares I-X launch from Pad 39B was the first uncrewed launch from KSC since the Skylab workshop in 1973. Beginning in 1958, NASA and military worked side by side on robotic mission launches (previously referred to as unmanned), cooperating as they broke ground in the field. In the early 1960s, NASA had as many as two robotic mission launches
1136-640: Is the third oldest surviving European place name in the United States. The first application of the name, according to the Smithsonian Institution , was from the 1521–1525 explorations of Spanish explorer Francisco Gordillo . A point of land jutting out into an area of the Atlantic Ocean with swift currents, it became a landing spot for many shipwrecked sailors. An early alternative name was "Cape of Currents". By at least 1564,
1207-470: The Apollo , Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and operate facilities on each other's property. Though the first Apollo flights and all Project Mercury and Project Gemini flights took off from
1278-635: The Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (1975), and the Space Shuttle program (1981–2011). Since December 1968, all launch operations have been conducted from launch pads A and B at LC-39. Both pads are on the ocean, 3 miles (4.8 km) east of the VAB. From 1969 to 1972, LC-39 was the "Moonport" for all six Apollo crewed Moon landing missions using the Saturn V, and was used from 1981 to 2011 for all Space Shuttle launches. Human missions to
1349-529: The Cape Canaveral Space Force Station is the easternmost near the tip of the cape. In 1999, the North American Numbering Plan Administration allocated telephone area code 321 (as in a launch countdown ) to the Cape Canaveral area in homage to its spacefaring heritage. A post office in the area was built and listed in the U.S. Post Office application as "Artesia" and retained this name from 1893 to 1954. It
1420-670: The Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984 , after which NASA only coordinated its own and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ELV launches. Companies were able to "operate their own launch vehicles" and utilize NASA's launch facilities. Payload processing handled by private firms also started to occur outside of KSC. Reagan's 1988 space policy furthered the movement of this work from KSC to commercial companies. That same year, launch complexes on Cape Canaveral Air Force Force Station started transferring from NASA to Air Force Space Command management. In
1491-639: The Intracoastal Waterway ; and its southern latitude, which gives a velocity advantage to missions launched in easterly near-equatorial orbits. Disadvantages included: its inability to safely launch military missions into polar orbit , since spent boosters would be likely to fall on the Carolinas or Cuba; corrosion from the salt air; and frequent cloudy or stormy weather. Although building a new site at White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico
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#17327723927241562-681: The Mars Science Laboratory have been processed at KSC before being transferred to a launch pad on Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. On 16 November 2022, at 06:47:44 UTC the Space Launch System (SLS) was launched from Complex 39B as part of the Artemis I mission. As the International Space Station modules design began in the early 1990s, KSC began to work with other NASA centers and international partners to prepare for processing before launch onboard
1633-519: The Moon required the large three-stage Saturn V rocket, which was 363 feet (111 meters) tall and 33 feet (10 meters) in diameter. At KSC, Launch Complex 39 was built on Merritt Island to accommodate the new rocket. Construction of the $ 800 million project began in November 1962. LC-39 pads A and B were completed by October 1965 (planned Pads C, D and E were canceled), the VAB was completed in June 1965, and
1704-813: The Mosquito Lagoon , to the north of the Cape, was occupied by the Surruque people. The Surruque were allied with the Ais, but it is not clear whether the Surruque spoke a Timucua language , or a language related to the Ais language . In the early 16th century, Cape Canaveral was noted on maps, although without being named. It was named by Spanish explorers in the first half of the 16th century as Cabo Cañaveral . The name "Canaveral" ( cañaveral in Spanish , meaning ' reed bed ' or ' sugarcane plantation ')
1775-710: The Space Station Processing Facility . The following are current programs and initiatives at Kennedy Space Center: The KSC Industrial Area, where many of the center's support facilities are located, is 5 miles (8 km) south of LC-39 . It includes the Headquarters Building , the Operations and Checkout Building and the Central Instrumentation Facility . The astronaut crew quarters are in
1846-529: The Wayback Machine or through their more up-to-date Flickr gallery . A new Headquarters Building was completed in 2019 as part of the Central Campus consolidation. Groundbreaking began in 2014. The center operated its own 17-mile (27 km) short-line railroad . This operation was discontinued in 2015, with the sale of its final two locomotives. A third had already been donated to
1917-637: The final Mercury mission had concluded six months earlier. Although the name change was approved by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names of the Department of the Interior in December 1963, it was not popular in Florida from the outset, especially in the bordering city of Cape Canaveral . In May 1973, the Florida Legislature passed a law restoring the former 400-year-old name, and
1988-445: The 1990s, though KSC was not performing the hands-on ELV work, engineers still maintained an understanding of ELVs and had contracts allowing them insight into the vehicles so they could provide knowledgeable oversight. KSC also worked on ELV research and analysis and the contractors were able to utilize KSC personnel as a resource for technical issues. KSC, with the payload and launch vehicle industries, developed advances in automation of
2059-782: The 50th anniversary of the Apollo Program. NASA lists the following Historic Districts at KSC; each district has multiple associated facilities: There are 24 historic properties outside of these historic districts, including the Space Shuttle Atlantis , Vehicle Assembly Building , Crawlerway, and Operations and Checkout Building . KSC has one National Historic Landmark , 78 National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) listed or eligible sites, and 100 Archaeological Sites. Florida's peninsular shape and temperature contrasts between land and ocean provide ideal conditions for electrical storms, earning Central Florida
2130-476: The Board went along. The name restoration to Cape Canaveral became official on 9 October 1973. Senator Ted Kennedy had stated in 1970 that it was a matter to be decided by the citizens of Florida. The Kennedy family issued a letter stating they "understood the decision". NASA's Kennedy Space Center retains the "Kennedy" name. The Gemini , Apollo , and the first Skylab missions were all launched while
2201-398: The Cape Canaveral facility would be an appropriate memorial. Johnson recommended the renaming of the entire cape, announced in a televised address on November 28, 1963, six days after the assassination, on Thanksgiving evening. Accordingly, Cape Canaveral was officially renamed Cape Kennedy. Kennedy's last visit to the space facility was on 16 November 1963, six days before his death;
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2272-639: The Cape Kennedy pads 34 and 37 used for the Saturn IB were decommissioned, so Pad 39B was modified to accommodate the Saturn IB, and used to launch three crewed missions to Skylab that year, as well as the final Apollo spacecraft for the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project in 1975. As the Space Shuttle was being designed, NASA received proposals for building alternative launch-and-landing sites at locations other than KSC, which demanded study. KSC had important advantages, including its existing facilities; location on
2343-434: The Cape was a V-2 rocket named Bumper 8 from Launch Complex 3 on 24 July 1950. On 6 February 1959, the first successful test firing of a Titan intercontinental ballistic missile was accomplished. NASA 's Project Mercury and Gemini space flights were launched from Cape Canaveral, as were Apollo flights using the Saturn I and Saturn IB rockets. Cape Canaveral was chosen for rocket launches to take advantage of
2414-662: The Center Director, library, film and photo archives, a print shop and security. When the KSC Library first opened, it was part of the Army Ballistic Missile Agency. However, in 1965, the library moved into three separate sections in the newly opened NASA headquarters before eventually becoming a single unit in 1970. The library contains over four million items related to the history and the work at Kennedy. As one of ten NASA center libraries in
2485-618: The ELV launch and ground operations to enable competitiveness of U.S. rockets against the global market. In 1998, the Launch Services Program (LSP) formed at KSC, pulling together programs (and personnel) that already existed at KSC, GRC, Goddard Space Flight Center , and more to manage the launch of NASA and NOAA robotic missions. Cape Canaveral Space Force Station and VAFB are the primary launch sites for LSP missions, though other sites are occasionally used. LSP payloads such as
2556-566: The Earth's rotation. The linear velocity of the Earth's surface is greatest towards the equator ; the relatively southerly location of the cape allows rockets to take advantage of this by launching eastward, in the same direction as the Earth's rotation. It is also highly desirable to have the downrange area sparsely populated, in case of accidents; an ocean is ideal for this. The east coast of Florida has logistical advantages over potential competing sites. The Spaceport Florida Launch Complex 46 of
2627-503: The Launch Operations Center (aka KSC). Though almost all robotics missions launched from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS), KSC "oversaw the final assembly and testing of rockets as they arrived at the Cape." In 1965, KSC's Unmanned Launch Operations directorate became responsible for all NASA uncrewed launch operations, including those at Vandenberg Space Force Base . From the 1950s to 1978, KSC chose
2698-934: The O&;C; before it was completed, the astronaut crew quarters were located in Hangar S at the Cape Canaveral Missile Test Annex (now Cape Canaveral Space Force Station ). Located at KSC was the Merritt Island Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network station (MILA), a key radio communications and spacecraft tracking complex. Facilities at the Kennedy Space Center are directly related to its mission to launch and recover missions. Facilities are available to prepare and maintain spacecraft and payloads for flight. The Headquarters (HQ) Building houses offices for
2769-614: The Space Center will experience 5 to 8 inches of sea level rise by the 2050s. Launch Complex 39A, the site of the Apollo 11 launch, is the most vulnerable to flooding, and has a 14% annual risk of flooding beginning in 2020. Since KSC's formation, ten NASA officials have served as directors, including three former astronauts (Crippen, Bridges and Cabana): In addition to being frequently featured in documentaries, Kennedy Space Center has been portrayed on film many times. Some studio movies have even gained access and filmed scenes within
2840-567: The Space Shuttles. KSC utilized its hands-on experience processing the 22 Spacelab missions in the Operations and Checkout Building to gather expectations of ISS processing. These experiences were incorporated into the design of the Space Station Processing Facility (SSPF), which began construction in 1991. The Space Station Directorate formed in 1996. KSC personnel were embedded at station module factories for insight into their processes. From 1997 to 2007, KSC planned and performed on
2911-464: The Visitor Complex to make room for an upcoming high-tech attraction entitled "Heroes and Legends". The attraction, designed by Orlando-based design firm Falcon's Treehouse, opened November 11, 2016. In March 2016, the visitor center unveiled the new location of the iconic countdown clock at the complex's entrance; previously, the clock was located with a flagpole at the press site. The clock
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2982-713: The area for at least 12,000 years. During the middle Archaic period , from 5000 BC to 2000 BC, the Mount Taylor period culture region covered northeast Florida, including the area around Cape Canaveral. Late in the Archaic period, from 2000 BC to 500 BC, the Mount Taylor culture was succeeded by the Orange culture , which was among the earliest cultures in North America to produce pottery. The Orange culture
3053-716: The area was named Cape Kennedy. The first crewed launch under the restored name of Cape Canaveral was Skylab 4 , the final Skylab mission, on 16 November 1973. Kennedy Space Center The John F. Kennedy Space Center ( KSC , originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center ), located on Merritt Island , Florida , is one of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 's (NASA) ten field centers . Since 1968, KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of American spaceflight, research, and technology. Launch operations for
3124-550: The area was predominantly a farming and fishing community, some visionaries saw its potential as a resort for vacationers. However, the stock market crash of 1929 hampered its development. In the 1930s, a group of wealthy journalists started a community called "Journalista Beach", now called Avon by the Sea. The Brossier brothers built houses in this area and started a publication entitled the Evening Star Reporter that
3195-459: The building to the elements. Damage occurred to the south and east sides of the VAB. The shuttle's Thermal Protection System Facility suffered extensive damage. The roof was partially torn off and the interior suffered water damage. Several rockets on display in the center were toppled. Further damage to KSC was caused by Hurricane Wilma in October 2005. The conservative estimate by NASA is that
3266-509: The center's 144,000 acres (580 km ). Among the unique facilities at KSC are the 525-foot (160 m) tall Vehicle Assembly Building for stacking NASA's largest rockets, the Launch Control Center , which conducts space launches at KSC, the Operations and Checkout Building , which houses the astronauts' dormitories and suit-up area, a Space Station factory , and a 3-mile (4.8 km) long Shuttle Landing Facility . There
3337-439: The country, their collection focuses on engineering, science, and technology. The archives contain planning documents, film reels, and original photographs covering the history of KSC. The library is not open to the public but is available for KSC, Space Force, and Navy employees who work on site. Many of the media items from the collection are digitized and available through NASA's KSC Media Gallery Archived December 6, 2020, at
3408-413: The entire mission. Additionally, the center manages launch of robotic and commercial crew missions and researches food production and in-situ resource utilization for off-Earth exploration. Since 2010, the center has worked to become a multi-user spaceport through industry partnerships, even adding a new launch pad ( LC-39C ) in 2015. There are about 700 facilities and buildings grouped throughout
3479-450: The first Moon landing on July 20. The Apollo 11 launch included crewmembers Neil Armstrong , Michael Collins , and Buzz Aldrin , and attracted a record-breaking 650 million television viewers. Apollo 12 followed four months later. From 1970 to 1972, the Apollo program concluded at KSC with the launches of missions 13 through 17. On May 14, 1973, the last Saturn V launch put the Skylab space station in orbit from Pad 39A. By this time,
3550-454: The gates of the space center. If extras are needed in those scenes, space center employees are recruited (employees use personal time during filming). Films with scenes at KSC include: The location appears as a major plot point in the finale of Stone Ocean , the 6th part of the manga and anime series JoJo's Bizarre Adventure . KSC is also one of the two primary settings of the 1965–1970 television series I Dream Of Jeannie (along with
3621-548: The ground integration tests and checkouts of station modules : three Multi-Element Integration Testing (MEIT) sessions and the Integration Systems Test (IST). Numerous issues were found and corrected that would have been difficult to nearly impossible to do on-orbit. Today KSC continues to process ISS payloads from across the world before launch along with developing its experiments for on orbit. The proposed Lunar Gateway would be manufactured and processed at
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#17327723927243692-622: The history and future of human and robotic spaceflight. Bus tours of KSC originate from here. The complex also includes the separate Apollo/Saturn V Center , north of the VAB and the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame , six miles west near Titusville . There were 1.5 million visitors in 2009. It had some 700 employees. It was announced on May 29, 2015, that the Astronaut Hall of Fame exhibit would be moved from its current location to another location within
3763-445: The infrastructure by late 1966. The complex includes: Launch Complex 48 (LC-48) is a multi-user launch site under construction for small launchers and spacecraft. It will be located between Launch Complex 39A and Space Launch Complex 41 , with LC-39A to the north and SLC-41 to the south. LC-48 will be constructed as a "clean pad" to support multiple launch systems with differing propellant needs. While initially only planned to have
3834-453: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaveral&oldid=1058921593 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Cape Canaveral Cape Canaveral ( Spanish : Cabo Cañaveral )
3905-521: The name appeared on maps. English privateer John Hawkins and his journalist John Sparke gave an account of their landing at Cape Canaveral in the 16th century. A Presbyterian missionary was wrecked here and lived among the Indians. Other histories tell of French survivors from Jean Ribault 's colony at Fort Caroline , whose ship the Trinité wrecked on the shores of Cape Canaveral in 1565, and built
3976-442: The reputation as "lightning capital of the United States". This makes extensive lightning protection and detection systems necessary to protect employees, structures and spacecraft on launch pads. On November 14, 1969, Apollo 12 was struck by lightning just after lift-off from Pad 39A, but the flight continued safely. The most powerful lightning strike recorded at KSC occurred at LC-39B on August 25, 2006, while shuttle Atlantis
4047-443: The rocket and payload processing facilities for all robotic missions launching in the U.S., overseeing their near launch processing and checkout. In addition to government missions, KSC performed this service for commercial and foreign missions also, though non-U.S. government entities provided reimbursement. NASA also funded Cape Canaveral Space Force Station launch pad maintenance and launch vehicle improvements. All this changed with
4118-443: The site twice in 1962, and again just a week before his assassination on November 22, 1963. On November 29, 1963, the facility was named by President Lyndon B. Johnson under Executive Order 11129 . Johnson's order joined both the civilian LOC and the military Cape Canaveral station ("the facilities of Station No. 1 of the Atlantic Missile Range") under the designation "John F. Kennedy Space Center", spawning some confusion joining
4189-511: The station and the Kennedy Space Center on adjacent Merritt Island , the two are sometimes conflated with each other. Other features of the cape include Port Canaveral , one of the busiest cruise ports in the world, and the Cape Canaveral Lighthouse . The city of Cape Canaveral lies just south of the Port Canaveral District. Mosquito Lagoon , the Indian River , Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge and Canaveral National Seashore are also features of this area. Humans have occupied
4260-438: The ten remaining Apollo missions after Apollo 7. The first of two uncrewed flights, Apollo 4 (Apollo-Saturn 501) on November 9, 1967, was also the first rocket launch from KSC. The Saturn V's first crewed launch on December 21, 1968, was Apollo 8 's lunar orbiting mission. The next two missions tested the Lunar Module : Apollo 9 (Earth orbit) and Apollo 10 (lunar orbit). Apollo 11 , launched from Pad A on July 16, 1969, made
4331-401: The test site for missiles when the legislation for the Joint Long Range Proving Ground was passed by the 81st Congress and signed by President Harry Truman on 11 May 1949. Work began on 9 May 1950, under a contract with the Duval Engineering Company of Jacksonville, Florida , to build the Cape's first paved access road and its first permanent launch site. The first rocket launched at
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#17327723927244402-443: The then-Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, the launches were managed by KSC and its previous organization, the Launch Operations Directorate. Starting with the fourth Gemini mission, the NASA launch control center in Florida ( Mercury Control Center , later the Launch Control Center ) began handing off control of the vehicle to the Mission Control Center in Houston , shortly after liftoff; in prior missions it held control throughout
4473-486: The two in the public mind. NASA Administrator James E. Webb clarified this by issuing a directive stating the Kennedy Space Center name applied only to the LOC, while the Air Force issued a general order renaming the military launch site Cape Kennedy Air Force Station . Located on Merritt Island, Florida , the center is north-northwest of Cape Canaveral on the Atlantic Ocean, midway between Miami and Jacksonville on Florida's Space Coast , due east of Orlando . It
4544-429: Was "Port Canaveral" from 1954 to 1962, and then the City of Cape Canaveral from 1962 to 1963, when a larger post office was built. In 1963, President Lyndon Johnson issued an executive order renaming the area "Cape Kennedy", after President John F. Kennedy , who had set the goal of landing on the Moon . After Kennedy's assassination in November 1963, his widow, Jacqueline Kennedy , suggested to Johnson that renaming
4615-529: Was being prepared for STS-115 . NASA managers were initially concerned that the lightning strike caused damage to Atlantis , but none was found. On September 7, 2004, Hurricane Frances directly hit the area with sustained winds of 70 miles per hour (110 km/h) and gusts up to 94 miles per hour (151 km/h), the most damaging storm to date. The Vehicle Assembly Building lost 1,000 exterior panels, each 3.9 feet (1.2 m) x 9.8 feet (3.0 m) in size. This exposed 39,800 sq ft (3,700 m ) of
4686-511: Was completed in January 1848 to warn ships of the coral shoals off the coast. The hurricane of August 1885, pushed a "wall of water" over the barrier island (elevation, 3.1 m (10 ft)) devastating Cape Canaveral and adjacent areas. The ocean waves flooded the homesteaders and discouraged further settlement in the area. The beach near the lighthouse was severely eroded prompting its relocation 1.6 km (0.99 mi) west inland. The 1890 graduating class of Harvard University started
4757-404: Was followed by the St. Johns culture , from 500 BC until after European contact. The area around the Indian River was in the Indian River variant of the St. Johns culture, with influences from the Belle Glade culture to the south. During the first Spanish colonial period the area around the Indian River , to the south of Cape Canaveral, was occupied by the Ais people , while the area around
4828-399: Was originally built and installed in 1969 and listed with the flagpole in the National Register of Historic Places in January 2000. In 2019, NASA celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Apollo program , and the launch of Apollo 10 on May 18. In summer of 2019, Lunar Module 9 (LM-9) was relocated to the Apollo/Saturn V Center as part of an initiative to rededicate the center and celebrate
4899-430: Was seriously considered, NASA announced its decision in April 1972 to use KSC for the shuttle. Since the Shuttle could not be landed automatically or by remote control, the launch of Columbia on April 12, 1981 for its first orbital mission STS-1 , was NASA's first crewed launch of a vehicle that had not been tested in prior uncrewed launches. In 1976, the VAB's south parking area was the site of Third Century America,
4970-403: Was the forerunner of the Orlando Sentinel . Construction of Port Canaveral for military and commercial purposes was started in July 1950 and dedicated on 4 November 1953. Congress approved the construction of a deep-water port in 1929, half a century after it was first petitioned by the U.S. Navy in 1878. It is now the major deep-water port of Central Florida . Cape Canaveral became
5041-416: Was the orbiters' primary end-of-mission landing site, although the first KSC landing did not take place until the tenth flight, when Challenger completed STS-41-B on February 11, 1984; the primary landing site until then was Edwards Air Force Base in California, subsequently used as a backup landing site. The SLF also provided a return-to-launch-site (RTLS) abort option, which was not utilized. The SLF
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