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98-526: The Canberra Roller Derby League (CRDL) is a Canberra -based roller derby league. It was created in 2008, with the first bouts occurring in 2009. Canberra is a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA). The league features a four-team home league, plus the all-star Vice City Rollers, which represents the league in interleague play. At home bouts, the league has had attendances as high as 5,000, and has its own stable of officials who officiate

196-571: A Skywhale family , an event marked by Skywhale-themed pastries and beer produced by local companies as well as an art pop song entitled "We are the Skywhales". In 2014, Canberra was named the best city to live in the world by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , and was named the third best city to visit in the world by Lonely Planet in 2017. Canberra covers an area of 814.2 km (314.4 sq mi) and

294-597: A dairy on the site in 1832, now regarded as the oldest standing European building in Canberra, followed by the imposing stone house that is now the officers' mess of the Royal Military College, Duntroon . The Campbells sponsored settlement by other farmer families to work their land, such as the Southwells of " Weetangera ". Other notable early colonists included Henry Donnison, who established

392-1030: A 19 March 2011 bout against the Victorian Roller Derby League (VRDL) All Stars, a 9 July bout against the NBR Brawl Stars of the Brisbane Roller Derby League in Brisbane , and a 9 August bout against the SSRG Fancy Pants at AIS Arena. They competed at the Eastern Region Roller Derby Tournament Finals on 1 and 2 October in Penrith, New South Wales , where they came in first place. When the Vice City Rollers played VRDL, Canberra lost to

490-601: A Royal Commission in 1916 ruled his authority had been usurped by certain officials and his original plan was reinstated. Griffin's relationship with the Australian authorities was strained and a lack of funding meant that by the time he was fired in 1920, little work had been done. By this time, Griffin had revised his plan, overseen the earthworks of major avenues and established the Glenloch Cork Plantation. The Commonwealth government purchased

588-721: A contest with prizes incling entrance to the bouts and league related merchandise. The opening bout saw Surly Griffins compete against the Brindabelters for third place, the Griffins winning 142 to 130. The grand final bout pitted the Black n Blues and the Red Bellied Black Hearts. Teamwork, tactics and effective blocking eventually won a close bout for the Black Hearts, 138 to 134. The major sponsors for

686-604: A fairly sizeable butt and for the first time in my life it’s actually a total asset. Bambi von Smash'er The Vice City Rollers competed in their first interstate bout in June 2010 in the Great Southern Slam hosted by Adelaide Roller Derby . They lost to Adelaide in the pool stage, but beat the Van Diemen Rollers; their record was insufficient for the team to advance to the quarter-finals. In 2010,

784-567: A few days earlier. Planned development of the city slowed significantly during the depression of the 1930s and during World War II. Some projects planned for that time, including Roman Catholic and Anglican cathedrals, were never completed. (Nevertheless, in 1973 the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Christopher was remodelled into St. Christopher's Cathedral, Manuka , serving the Archdiocese of Canberra and Goulburn. It

882-435: A grid. Griffin's proposal had an abundance of geometric patterns, including concentric hexagonal and octagonal streets emanating from several radii. However, the outer areas of the city, built later, are not laid out geometrically. Lake Burley Griffin was deliberately designed so that the orientation of the components was related to various topographical landmarks in Canberra. The lakes stretch from east to west and divided

980-526: A number of new skaters join the competition squad for the 2011 bout season. The Red Bellied Black Hearts lost the opening bout of the 2011 season when they were defeated by the Surly Griffins. I'll be barracking for the Surly Griffins whose proud sponsors are said to include (although I've not yet been able to confirm this) the fun-loving Canberra chapter of The Walter Burley Griffin Society. The team

1078-503: A roller derby rodeo at the Southern Cross Stadium with tickets being sold at Smith's Bookshop. By 2011, tickets for the league's events would be sold through Ticketek . The league's presence in Canberra has helped change the perception of the sport in the capital from an entertaining sideshow to a mainstream women's participation sport. The popularity of roller derby in Canberra has meant that CRDL cannot accommodate all

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1176-405: A village and its disorganised collection of buildings was deemed ugly. Canberra was often derisively described as "several suburbs in search of a city". Prime Minister Sir Robert Menzies regarded the state of the national capital as an embarrassment. Over time his attitude changed from one of contempt to that of championing its development. He fired two ministers charged with the development of

1274-608: A week. This event coincided with a heatwave across south-eastern Australia during which the temperature in Canberra reached 108.5 degrees Fahrenheit (42.5 Celsius) on 11 January. On Friday, 13 January, the Black Friday bushfires caused 71 deaths in Victoria and Wells accompanied the Governor-General on his tour of areas threatened by fires. Immediately after the end of the war, Canberra was criticised for resembling

1372-425: Is called the Surly Griffins because, you see, roller derby bouts are all about sporty aggression and so every team of steely sheilas in the competition has a forbidding name. Ian Warden The Surly Griffins were the 2009 season champions, and 2010 runners up in 2010. The team's name is a play on Walter Burley Griffin , who designed Canberra. Seven new skaters joined the 2011 squad, which was captained by Dr. Hell;

1470-581: Is common in the winter months. Snow is rare in the CBD (central business district) due to being on the leeward (eastern) side of the dividing range, but the surrounding areas get annual snowfall through winter and often the snow-capped Brindabella Range can be seen from the CBD. The last significant snowfall in the city centre was in 1968. Canberra is often affected by foehn winds, especially in winter and spring , evident by its anomalously warm maxima relative to altitude. The highest recorded maximum temperature

1568-552: Is composed of members of the teams of the Canberra Roller Derby League, who compete as a team in interstate bouts as the "Vice City Rollers". The name is a play on the fact that Canberra has a legal "adult" industry. Women often don’t get the opportunity to play a really aggressive sport. And it’s a women’s sport first. We have a great women’s basketball team, but AFL and basketball, they’re really all about guys. For me, I feel empowered because I’ve always had

1666-568: Is influenced by the garden city movement and incorporates significant areas of natural vegetation. Its design can be viewed from its highest point at the Telstra Tower and the summit of Mount Ainslie. Other notable features include the National Arboretum , born out of the 2003 Canberra bushfires , and Lake Burley Griffin , named for Walter Burley Griffin. Highlights in the annual calendar of cultural events include Floriade ,

1764-427: Is known inside the league for its fast skating and hard hits, and were the 2010 season champions. The team had eight new skaters in the 2011 squad, which was captained by ShortStop and Melicious Damage. The squad's 2011 sponsors include Allsports Mouthguards, and Cactus – Tattoo Artist North Lyneham. The Brindabelters were formed at the start of 2010 season. The team's name is a play on Brindabella Ranges , located in

1862-660: Is located near the Brindabella Ranges (part of the Australian Alps ), approximately 150 km (93 mi) inland from Australia's east coast . It has an elevation of approximately 580 m (1,900 ft) AHD ; the highest point is Mount Majura at 888 m (2,913 ft). Other low mountains include Mount Taylor 855 m (2,805 ft), Mount Ainslie 843 m (2,766 ft), Mount Mugga Mugga 812 m (2,664 ft) and Black Mountain 812 m (2,664 ft). The native forest in

1960-499: Is the best city it's ever been. Ian Warden The Canberra Roller Derby League (CRDL) was established in 2008 as a volunteer organisation intended to promote roller derby , women's health and sport in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The league was created by Bullseye Betty (Kate Murphy) and Dr Hell (Helen Doyle). Other early members include Roulette Rouge (Lucy Quinn) and Peachy Keen. The league

2058-1092: Is the location of many social and cultural institutions of national significance such as the Australian War Memorial , the Australian National University , the Royal Australian Mint , the Australian Institute of Sport , the National Gallery , the National Museum and the National Library . The city is home to many important institutions of the Australian Defence Force including the Royal Military College Duntroon and

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2156-730: Is the only cathedral in Canberra. ) From 1920 to 1957, three bodies — successively the Federal Capital Advisory Committee , the Federal Capital Commission , and the National Capital Planning and Development Committee — continued to plan the further expansion of Canberra in the absence of Griffin. However, they were only advisory and development decisions were made without consulting them, which increased inefficiency. The largest event in Canberra up to World War II

2254-414: The 2019/2020 bushfires . On 1 January 2020, Canberra had the worst air quality of any major city in the world, with an AQI of 7700 (USAQI 949). Canberra is a planned city and the inner-city area was originally designed by Walter Burley Griffin , a major 20th-century American architect. Within the central area of the city near Lake Burley Griffin, major roads follow a wheel-and-spoke pattern rather than

2352-631: The Australian Defence Force Academy . It hosts all foreign embassies in Australia as well as regional headquarters of many international organisations, not-for-profit groups, lobbying groups and professional associations. Canberra has been ranked among the world's best cities to live in and visit. Although the Commonwealth Government remains the largest single employer in Canberra, it is no longer

2450-810: The Murrumbidgee north-west of Canberra, which in turn flows north-west toward the New South Wales town of Yass. The Queanbeyan River joins the Molonglo River at Oaks Estate just within the ACT. A number of creeks, including Jerrabomberra and Yarralumla Creeks, flow into the Molonglo and Murrumbidgee. Two of these creeks, the Ginninderra and Tuggeranong, have similarly been dammed to form Lakes Ginninderra and Tuggeranong . Until recently

2548-702: The Yarralumla estate—now the site of the official residence of the Governor-General of Australia—in 1827, and John Palmer who employed Duncan Macfarlane to form the Jerrabomberra property in 1828. A year later, John MacPherson established the Springbank estate, becoming the first British owner-occupier in the region. The Anglican church of St John the Baptist , in the suburb of Reid,

2646-488: The districts of Woden Valley and Belconnen commenced in the mid and late 1960s respectively, followed by the district of Tuggeranong in the mid 1970s. Many of the new suburbs were named after Australian politicians such as Barton , Deakin , Reid , Braddon , Curtin , Chifley and Parkes . On 9 May 1988, a larger and permanent Parliament House was opened on Capital Hill as part of Australia's bicentenary celebrations. The Commonwealth Parliament moved there from

2744-521: The eighth-largest Australian city overall . The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory at the northern tip of the Australian Alps , the country's highest mountain range. As of June 2023, Canberra's estimated population was 466,566. The area chosen for the capital had been inhabited by Aboriginal Australians for up to 21,000 years, by groups including the Ngunnawal and Ngambri . European settlement commenced in

2842-542: The 100th anniversary of the naming of Canberra. On 11 March 2014, the last day of the centennial year, the Canberra Centenary Column was unveiled in City Hill . Other works included The Skywhale , a hot air balloon designed by the sculptor Patricia Piccinini , and StellrScope by visual media artist Eleanor Gates-Stuart. On 7 February 2021, The Skywhale was joined by Skywhalepapa to create

2940-409: The 2011 season were Allsports Mouthguards, CJ's Style, Can Print, Jake's Performance, Bridges Canberra, Tattoo artist – North Lyneham, Impact Comics, Atlas Sports Physiotherapy, Stryking Signs, GXO, SkaterHQ, Elite Physique, Scope – Mount Stromlo, The Blue Olive, Fitsistas, and Jordo's Chop Shop. Bouts included live music being played during the half time intermission. Musical acts that performed during

3038-623: The ACT's first government, led by the Chief Minister Rosemary Follett , who made history as Australia's first female head of government. The 1990s also saw urban development begin in the district of Gungahlin in the far north of the ACT. Parts of Canberra were engulfed by bushfires on 18 January 2003 that killed four people, injured 435 and destroyed more than 500 homes as well as the major research telescopes of Australian National University's Mount Stromlo Observatory . Throughout 2013, several events celebrated

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3136-501: The ACT. The team had a number of new skaters join the competition squad for the 2011 season. The Red Bellied Black Hearts were formed at the start of 2010 season. The name is a play on the name of a local snake, the Red-bellied Black Snake . The squad is known for their good looks and their willingness to pick fights. The 2011 squad was captained by Roulette Rouge. The Vice Captain was Bambi von Smash'er. The team had

3234-568: The Black Bellied Black Hearts competed against the Black N Blue Belles (Belles win). The fifth was on 27 August when the Red Bellied Black Hearts competed against the Surly Griffins (Black Hearts win). The sixth was on 24 September when the Brindabelters competed against the Black N Blue Belles. The 2011 Derby Darby Cup, dubbed Skate-Icus , was held on 22 October, and was a double header at AIS Arena featuring all four all teams. The Canberra Weekly Magazine ran

3332-798: The Bloody Marys of the Geelong Roller Derby League . The Roller Derby World Cup is the major international roller derby event, with nations sending representative teams, and Vice City Rollers Amykazee, Bambi von Smash'er, King Cam, and Short Stop were chosen for Team Australia for the 2011 edition . In 2018, Canberra qualified for the WFTDA post-season for the first time, for the North American West Continental Cup held in Omaha , Nebraska in

3430-435: The Canberra Roller Derby League on his show. The league was one of several Australian based teams to appear in the movie, This Is Roller Derby . Canberra Canberra ( / ˈ k æ n b ər ə / KAN -bər-ə ) is the capital city of Australia . Founded following the federation of the colonies of Australia as the seat of government for the new nation, it is Australia's largest inland city and

3528-701: The Canberra area include the Ngunnawal , Ngunawal and Ngambri peoples. Other groups claiming a connection to the land include the Ngarigo (who also lived directly to the south) and the Ngambri-Guumaal. Neighbouring groups include the Wandandian to the east, the Walgulu also to the south, Gandangara people to the north and Wiradjuri to the north-west. The first British settlers into the Canberra area described two clans of Ngunnawal people resident to

3626-411: The Canberra region was almost wholly eucalypt species and provided a resource for fuel and domestic purposes. By the early 1960s, logging had depleted the eucalypt, and concern about water quality led to the forests being closed. Interest in forestry began in 1915 with trials of a number of species including Pinus radiata on the slopes of Mount Stromlo. Since then, plantations have been expanded, with

3724-530: The Molonglo River had a history of sometimes calamitous floods; the area was a flood plain prior to the filling of Lake Burley Griffin. Under the Köppen-Geiger classification , Canberra has an oceanic climate ( Cfb ). In January, the warmest month, the average high is approximately 29 °C (84 °F); in July, the coldest month, the average high drops to approximately 12 °C (54 °F). Frost

3822-722: The Provisional Parliament House, now known as Old Parliament House. In December 1988, the Australian Capital Territory was granted full self-government by the Commonwealth Parliament, a step proposed as early as 1965. Following the first election on 4 March 1989, a 17-member Legislative Assembly sat at temporary offices at 1 Constitution Avenue, Civic, on 11 May 1989. Permanent premises were opened on London Circuit in 1994. The Australian Labor Party formed

3920-478: The Red Bellied Black Hearts. Half-time entertainment was by local rock group, "The London Circuit ". Bouts are filmed and are aired on television on Channelvision at a later date. ChannelVision also creates highlight films that appear on the network. 666 ABC Canberra sent journalists to a practice to cover and report on the league. In 2009, Bullseye Betty and Roulette Rouge joined Greg Bayliss in 666 ABC's studio to teach him how to block. The pair also discussed

4018-408: The Southern Cross Stadium. The first was on 2 April when the Surly Griffins competed against the Black N Blue Belles (Griffins win). The second was on 20 April when the Red Bellied Black Hearts competed against the Brindabelters (Black Hearts win). The third was on 28 May when the Surly Griffins competed against the Brindabelters (Brindabelters win). The fourth was on 18 June when

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4116-612: The United States. The Continental Cups model groups teams regionally by geography, and without sufficient numbers to hold a standalone tournament in the Asia Pacific region, Canberra was sent to Omaha. Canberra was the second seed at Omaha, and went unbeaten in capturing first place. The Black N Blue Belles were created in 2009. The team's name is a play on the ACT floral emblem, the Canberra Bluebell . The team

4214-422: The WFTDA announced its new apprentice program for aspiring member leagues that replaced its traditional membership application process. The program is designed to act as a "WFTDA 101" tutorial, and will match new leagues with an established WFTDA mentor, who will guide the apprentice through the processes and requirements necessary to becoming a full member. Upon completion of the program, apprentice leagues will have

4312-400: The area 21,000 years previously. Still today, Ngunnawal men into the present conduct ceremony on the banks of the river, Murrumbidgee River. They travel upstream as they receive their Totems and corresponding responsibilities for land management. 'Murrum' means 'Pathway' and Bidgee means 'Boss'. The submerged limestone caves beneath Lake Burley Griffin contained Aboriginal rock art, some of

4410-677: The benefit of reducing erosion in the Cotter catchment, and the forests are also popular recreation areas. The urban environs of the city of Canberra straddle the Ginninderra plain , Molonglo plain , the Limestone plain, and the Tuggeranong plain (Isabella's Plain). The Molonglo River which flows across the Molonglo plain has been dammed to form the national capital's iconic feature Lake Burley Griffin . The Molonglo then flows into

4508-482: The board advised that it could not support the Griffins' plan in its entirety and suggested an alternative plan of its own devising. This plan ostensibly incorporated the best features of the three place-getting designs as well as of a fourth design by H. Caswell, R.C.G. Coulter and W. Scott-Griffiths of Sydney, the rights to which it had purchased. It was this composite plan that was endorsed by Parliament and given formal approval by O'Malley on 10 January 1913. However, it

4606-430: The city for poor performance. Menzies remained in office for over a decade and in that time the development of the capital sped up rapidly. The population grew by more than 50 per cent in every five-year period from 1955 to 1975. Several Government departments, together with public servants, were moved to Canberra from Melbourne following the war. Government housing projects were undertaken to accommodate

4704-477: The city in two; a land axis perpendicular to the central basin stretches from Capital Hill —the eventual location of the new Parliament House on a mound on the southern side—north northeast across the central basin to the northern banks along Anzac Parade to the Australian War Memorial . This was designed so that looking from Capital Hill, the War Memorial stood directly at the foot of Mount Ainslie . At

4802-439: The city's growing population. The National Capital Development Commission (NCDC) formed in 1957 with executive powers and ended four decades of disputes over the shape and design of Lake Burley Griffin — the centrepiece of Griffin's design — and construction was completed in 1964 after four years of work. The completion of the lake finally laid the platform for the development of Griffin's Parliamentary Triangle . Since

4900-535: The current national champions, in front of a crowd of 3,500 spectators. In August the Vice City Rollers lost to the Sun State Roller Girls' Fancy Pants, the number two-ranked team in the nation at the time. Shaggle Frock was Canberra's leading jammer, scoring twenty of Canberra's forty-eight points. The Vice City Rollers are scheduled to have a 5 November 2011 bout in Geelong, Victoria against

4998-838: The derivative name "Canberra" started to appear from around 1857. Numerous local commentators, including the Ngunnawal elder Don Bell, have speculated upon possible meanings of "Canberra" over the years. These include "meeting place", "woman's breasts" and "the hollow between a woman's breasts". Alternative proposals for the name of the city during its planning included Austral, Australville, Aurora, Captain Cook, Caucus City, Cookaburra, Dampier, Eden, Eucalypta, Flinders, Gonebroke, Home, Hopetoun, Kangaremu, Myola, Meladneyperbane, New Era, Olympus, Paradise, Shakespeare, Sydmelperadbrisho, Swindleville, The National City, Union City, Unison, Wattleton, Wheatwoolgold, Yass-Canberra. The first peoples of

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5096-526: The first half of the 19th century, as evidenced by surviving landmarks such as St John's Anglican Church and Blundells Cottage . On 1 January 1901, federation of the colonies of Australia was achieved. Following a long dispute over whether Sydney or Melbourne should be the national capital, a compromise was reached: the new capital would be built in New South Wales , so long as it was at least 100 mi (160 km) from Sydney. The capital city

5194-482: The growth of a boy into a man. In October 1820, Charles Throsby led the first British expedition to the area. Four other expeditions occurred between 1820 and 1823 with the first accurate map being produced by explorer Mark John Currie in June 1823. By this stage the area had become known as the Limestone Plains. British settlement of the area probably dates from late 1823, when a sheep station

5292-721: The initial construction of the lake, various buildings of national importance have been constructed on its shores. The newly built Australian National University was expanded and sculptures as well as monuments were built. A new National Library was constructed within the Parliamentary Triangle, followed by the High Court and the National Gallery . Suburbs in Canberra Central (often referred to as North Canberra and South Canberra ) were further developed in the 1950s and urban development in

5390-450: The knowledge (and the recommendations) needed to apply for full WFTDA membership. The program ensures that applicants adhere to WFTDA standards for games, events and structure, and once accepted into the WFTDA, member teams qualify for international rankings . In November 2009 the WFTDA opened for worldwide membership and the London Rollergirls became the first league outside North America to join as apprentice members. In June 2010,

5488-479: The largest flower festival in the Southern Hemisphere, the Enlighten Festival , Skyfire , the National Multicultural Festival and Summernats . Canberra's main sporting venues are Canberra Stadium and Manuka Oval . The city is served with domestic and international flights at Canberra Airport , while interstate train and coach services depart from Canberra railway station and the Jolimont Centre respectively. City Interchange and Alinga Street station form

5586-533: The league and interstate bouts. The league's bouts are aired on ChannelVision , and they have had media coverage from 666 ABC Canberra . Canberra's representative team (which one imagines may struggle to attract ACT Government funding with such a name) is the Vice City Rollers. As I never tire of saying, the sheer diversity of Canberra life now, as exemplified by our having both a prostate-tinglingly terrific symphony orchestra and something as maniacal as an all-Amazon Roller Derby League, supports my belief that Canberra

5684-447: The league are drawn from many backgrounds, and include medical doctors, mothers, finance workers, electricians and tradies. The CRDL is considered the most professional league in the country. The league is structured to protect the safety of its skaters, and new roller derby competitors advance through tiers. At each level, they learn and perfect specific derby skills, experience and general fitness, which helps to avoid injury and improve

5782-433: The league had 26 skaters. The first public bout in 2009 took place at Southern Cross Stadium , Tuggeranong , before a sell out crowd. At the end of the 2009 season, additional information nights were held at The Front Cafe and Gallery on 25 August and The Hush Lounge in Phillip on 30 August, and the league held a demonstration at the 2009 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships . On 21 November 2009, it held

5880-483: The locals who wish to participate, resulting in the formation of Varsity Derby League as a student organisation at Australian National University in 2011. CRDL helped other leagues in the country. In 2009, members of the league competed as substitutes for the Sydney Roller Derby League 's Screaming Assault Sirens in its grand final, after one member of the Sirens was quarantined with swine flu , and several other skaters were out injured. Canberra Roller Derby League

5978-514: The main hub of Canberra's bus and light rail transport network. The word "Canberra" is derived from the Ngunnawal language of a local Ngunnawal or Ngambri clan who resided in the area and were referred to by the early British colonists as either the Canberry , Kanberri or Nganbra tribe. Joshua John Moore , the first European land-owner in the region, named his grant "Canberry" in 1823 after these people. "Canberry Creek" and "Canberry" first appeared on regional maps from 1830, while

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6076-480: The majority employer. Other major industries have developed in the city, including in health care, professional services, education and training, retail, accommodation and food, and construction. Compared to the national averages, the unemployment rate is lower and the average income higher; tertiary education levels are higher, while the population is younger. At the 2016 Census, 32% of Canberra's inhabitants were reported as having been born overseas. Canberra's design

6174-422: The mountains. The area is generally sheltered from a westerly wind, though strong northwesterlies can develop. A cool, vigorous afternoon easterly change, colloquially referred to as a 'sea-breeze' or the 'Braidwood Butcher', is common during the summer months and often exceeds 40 km/h in the city. Canberra is also less humid than the nearby coastal areas. Canberra was severely affected by smoke haze during

6272-400: The national capital started during debates over federation in the late 19th century. Following a long dispute over whether Sydney or Melbourne should be the national capital, a compromise was reached: the new capital would be built in New South Wales, so long as it was at least 100 mi (160 km) from Sydney, with Melbourne to be the temporary seat of government while the new capital

6370-406: The northern side of the city, was designated the municipal axis. The municipal axis became the location of Constitution Avenue , which links City Hill in Civic Centre and both Market Centre and the Defence precinct on Russell Hill. Commonwealth Avenue and Kings Avenue were to run from the southern side from Capital Hill to City Hill and Market Centre on the north respectively, and they formed

6468-422: The only mainland Australian city where snow-capped mountains can be seen in winter, although snow in the city itself is uncommon. As the seat of the Government of Australia , Canberra is home to many important institutions of the federal government, national monuments and museums. These include Parliament House , Government House , the High Court building and the headquarters of numerous government agencies. It

6566-430: The only sites in the region. Galambary (Black Mountain) is an important Aboriginal meeting and business site, predominantly for men's business. According to the Ngunnawal and Ngambri people, Mt Ainslie is primarily for place of women's business. Black Mountain and Mount Ainslie are referred to as women's breasts. Galambary was also used by Ngunnawal people as an initiation site, with the mountain itself said to represent

6664-475: The pastoral property of Yarralumla in 1913 to provide an official residence for the Governor-General of Australia in the new capital. Renovations began in 1925 to enlarge and modernise the property. In 1927, the property was officially dubbed Government House. On 9 May that year, the Commonwealth parliament moved to Canberra with the opening of the Provisional Parliament House . The Prime Minister Stanley Bruce had officially taken up residence in The Lodge

6762-466: The previous meeting in Sydney between the two teams, Canberra lost by four points. The 2010 squad members were managed by Anne Thrax and Belly Up. The captain was Bambi Von Smash'er, and the vice-captain was Dr Hell. Squad members included Amykazee, Faunacat, King Cam, Melicious Damage, Ova Bearing, Aunty Aggro, Cassatrophic, Dee Nature, The Dutachass, Pink Mist, Roulette Rouge and Short Stop. The Vice City Rollers competed in several bouts in 2011, including

6860-433: The quality of the competition. The time between joining and getting to compete in a bout is generally nine to twelve months. Skaters practice for roughly eight total hours a week, mostly during two weekly practices that last around three hours. In April 2013, Canberra was accepted as a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association Apprentice Program, and graduated to full membership in October 2014. The all-star squad

6958-430: The region. Around 1825 James Ainslie , working on behalf of the wealthy merchant Robert Campbell , arrived to establish a sheep station. He was guided to the region by a local Aboriginal girl who showed him the fine lands of her Pialligo clan. The area then became the property of Campbell and it was initially named Pialligo before Campbell changed it to the Scottish title of Duntroon . Campbell and his family built

7056-632: The required territory as they did not accept the site. In 1906, the New South Wales Government finally agreed to cede sufficient land provided that it was in the Yass-Canberra region as this site was closer to Sydney. Newspaper proprietor John Gale circulated a pamphlet titled 'Dalgety or Canberra: Which?' advocating Canberra to every member of the Commonwealth's seven state and federal parliaments. By many accounts, it

7154-591: The season included Knight-Hammer, a medieval-Viking-lyrical themed-fusion 80s metal progressive parody band that wears Viking costumes while performing, and Mudpie Princess, a Canberra-based indie rock band. In 2011, the CDRL hosted official after parties after each league and interstate bout, which were held at the Hellenic Club in Tuggeranong. The round on 8 September 2012 was won by the Surly Griffins over

7252-510: The season, there were 20 skaters. The first public bout of the league's history had over 1,000 spectators in attendance and sold out within twenty-four hours of tickets going on sale. Including the finale, the season featured three bouts, the second of which were sold out within days. The Surly Griffins were the inaugural season Champions. The season's finale was played at the Southern Cross Stadium with tickets selling for A$ 10 . The Canberra Roller Derby League had an intake more than 90 skaters at

7350-466: The side of the majority of the board with the design by Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin of Chicago , Illinois , United States , being declared the winner. Second was Eliel Saarinen of Finland and third was Alfred Agache of Brazil but resident in Paris, France. O'Malley then appointed a six-member board to advise him on the implementation of the winning design. On 25 November 1912,

7448-408: The southwestern end of the land axis was Bimberi Peak , the highest mountain in the ACT, approximately 52 km (32 mi) south west of Canberra. The straight edge of the circular segment that formed the central basin of Lake Burley Griffin was perpendicular to the land axis and designated the water axis, and it extended northwest towards Black Mountain . A line parallel to the water axis, on

7546-563: The squad that refereed the Sydney City Assassins versus Vice City Rollers bout on 12 December 2010. John Ref Kennedy, Fair-as Bueller and Major Dyck were part of the referee squad for the Vice City Rollers bout against the Sunstate Roller Girls Fancy Pants on 6 August 2011. There were only two teams in the league in 2009, the Black N Blue Belles and the Surly Griffins. At the start of

7644-509: The start of the 2010 season during the Fresh Meat and Boot Camp intakes. The 2010 season saw the creation of two new teams, the Red Bellied Black Hearts and the Brindabelters. Canberra became only the second city and league in Australia to have four or more teams in their league when the teams were added at the start of the season, which kicked off on 11 September, with Brindabelters competing against The Black ‘n’ Blue Belles. The championship

7742-806: The team also played in bouts in Wollongong , Sydney and Melbourne . The October 2010 match in Sydney against the SydneyCity Assassins featured a Star Wars theme. On 11 December 2010, the Vice City Rollers competed against the Sydney Roller Derby League's all-star team, the Assassins, in a bout at AIS Arena billed as the "Lord of the Rink: The Two Towers", in their first home interstate bout. In

7840-632: The vice captains were Annethrax and Rainbow Spite. The team's sponsors for 2011 include Jake's Performance and CJ's Style. The Surly Griffins won their first bout in the 2011 season when they defeated the Red Bellied Black Hearts. The Canberra Roller Derby League has its own referee squad known as Team Zebra. For the 2011 season, the referees were Magic Strat, Refucious, J Ref. K, Fair-as Bueller, Sin Bin Laden, and Major Dyck. Canberra Roller Derby League referees have been involved with interstate bouts, and Refucious, John Ref Kennedy and Magic Strat were part of

7938-664: The vicinity. The Canberry or Nganbra clan lived mostly around Sullivan's Creek and had ceremonial grounds at the base of Galambary ( Black Mountain ), while the Pialligo clan had land around what is now Canberra Airport . The people living here carefully managed and cultivated the land with fire and farmed yams and hunted for food. Archaeological evidence of settlement in the region includes inhabited rock shelters, rock paintings and engravings, burial places, camps and quarry sites as well as stone tools and arrangements. Artefacts suggests early human activity occurred at some point in

8036-503: The war ended. The urban areas of Canberra are organised into a hierarchy of districts, town centres, group centres, local suburbs as well as other industrial areas and villages. There are seven residential districts, each of which is divided into smaller suburbs, and most of which have a town centre which is the focus of commercial and social activities. The districts were settled in the following chronological order: Women%27s Flat Track Derby Association Apprentice In July 2009,

8134-467: The west by the Brindabellas which create a strong rain shadow in Canberra's valleys. Canberra gets 100.4 clear days annually. Annual rainfall is the third lowest of the capital cities (after Adelaide and Hobart ) and is spread fairly evenly over the seasons, with late spring bringing the highest rainfall. Thunderstorms occur mostly between October and April, owing to the effect of summer and

8232-680: The western and eastern edges of the central basin. The area enclosed by the three avenues was known as the Parliamentary Triangle , and formed the centrepiece of Griffin's work. The Griffins assigned spiritual values to Mount Ainslie, Black Mountain, and Red Hill and originally planned to cover each of these in flowers. That way each hill would be covered with a single, primary colour which represented its spiritual value. This part of their plan never came to fruition, as World War I slowed construction and planning disputes led to Griffin's dismissal by Prime Minister Billy Hughes after

8330-458: The wife of Governor-General Lord Denman , announced that the city would be named "Canberra" at a ceremony at Kurrajong Hill, which has since become Capital Hill and the site of the present Parliament House . Canberra Day is a public holiday observed in the ACT on the second Monday in March to celebrate the founding of Canberra. After the ceremony, bureaucratic disputes hindered Griffin's work;

8428-412: Was 44.0 °C (111.2 °F) on 4 January 2020. Winter 2011 was Canberra's warmest winter on record, approximately 2 °C (4 °F) above the average temperature. The lowest recorded minimum temperature was −10.0 °C (14.0 °F) on the morning of 11 July 1971. Light snow falls only once in every few years, and is usually not widespread and quickly dissipates. Canberra is protected from

8526-720: Was boycotted by the Royal Institute of British Architects , the Institution of Civil Engineers and their affiliated bodies throughout the British Empire because the Minister for Home Affairs King O'Malley insisted that the final decision was for him to make rather than an expert in city planning. A total of 137 valid entries were received. O'Malley appointed a three-member board to advise him but they could not reach unanimity. On 24 May 1911, O'Malley came down on

8624-601: Was built to educate local settlers children, including the Blundell children who lived in nearby Blundell's Cottage . As the European presence increased, the Indigenous population dwindled largely due to the destruction of their society, dislocation from their lands and from introduced diseases such as influenza , smallpox , alcoholism and measles . The district's change from a rural area in New South Wales to

8722-455: Was built. A survey was conducted across several sites in New South Wales with Bombala , southern Monaro , Orange , Yass , Albury , Tamworth , Armidale , Tumut and Dalgety all discussed. Dalgety was chosen by the federal parliament and it passed the Seat of Government Act 1904 confirming Dalgety as the site of the nation's capital. However, the New South Wales government refused to cede

8820-422: Was consecrated in 1845 and is now the oldest surviving public building in the city. St John's churchyard contains the earliest graves in the district. It has been described as a "sanctuary in the city", remaining a small English village-style church even as the capital grew around it. Canberra's first school, St John's School (now a museum), was situated next to the church and opened in the same year of 1845. It

8918-558: Was decisive in the selection of Canberra as the site in 1908 as was a result of survey work done by the government surveyor Charles Scrivener . The NSW government ceded the district to the federal government in 1911 and the Federal Capital Territory was established. An international design competition was launched by the Department of Home Affairs on 30 April 1911, closing on 31 January 1912. The competition

9016-425: Was featured in the 2012 documentary This Is Roller Derby . Bullseye Bettie was the league president from 2008 to 2009, followed by Cherry Axe-Wound from 2010 onwards. The league previously allowed only female skaters to participate, but now affirms WFTDA's gender policy and states that membership is also open to "any other gender identities who most closely identify with women’s flat track roller derby". Members of

9114-514: Was formed on what is now the Acton Peninsula by James Cowan, the head stockman employed by Joshua John Moore . Moore had received a land grant in the region in 1823 and formally applied to purchase the site on 16 December 1826. He named the property "Canberry". On 30 April 1827, Moore was told by letter that he could retain possession of 1,000 acres (405 ha) at Canberry. Other colonists soon followed Moore's example to take up land in

9212-585: Was founded and formally named as Canberra in 1913. A plan by the American architects Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin was selected after an international design contest, and construction commenced in 1913. Unusual among Australian cities, it is an entirely planned city . The Griffins' plan featured geometric motifs and was centred on axes aligned with significant topographical landmarks such as Black Mountain , Mount Ainslie , Capital Hill and City Hill . Canberra's mountainous location makes it

9310-515: Was held on 13 November 2010. The Black N Blue Belles were season champions in 2010, with the Surly Griffins as runners up. At bouts in 2010 and 2011, attendance was as high as 5,000 people per bout and the league had its own training venue. Tickets continued to sell out within 24 hours of going on sale during the 2010 season. Four hundred women signed up for the 2011 Fresh Meat intake, and many potential derby players were wait listed. The 2011 season had six scheduled bouts, all of which were held at

9408-520: Was intended to resemble the burlesque , and was the first roller derby league in the ACT. The league's first practices took place in parking lots around the Territory. Dr Hell and Bullseye Betty helped arrange a screening of Roller Derby Dolls , a documentary, on 28 July 2008 at The Front Cafe and Gallery in Lyneham in order to generate membership in the new league. At the start of its first season,

9506-562: Was the 24th Meeting of ANZAAS in January 1939. The Canberra Times described it as "a signal event ... in the history of this, the world's youngest capital city". The city's accommodation was not nearly sufficient to house the 1,250 delegates and a tent city had to be set up on the banks of the Molonglo River. One of the prominent speakers was H. G. Wells , who was a guest of the Governor-General Lord Gowrie for

9604-512: Was the Griffin plan which was ultimately proceeded with. In 1913, Walter Burley Griffin was appointed Federal Capital Director of Design and Construction and construction began. On 23 February, King O'Malley drove the first peg in the construction of the future capital city. In 1912, the government invited suggestions from the public as to the name of the future city. Almost 750 names were suggested. At midday on 12 March 1913, Lady Denman ,

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