Canes Venatici ( / ˈ k eɪ n iː z v ɪ ˈ n æ t ɪ s aɪ / KAY -neez vin- AT -iss-eye ) is one of the 88 constellations designated by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). It is a small northern constellation that was created by Johannes Hevelius in the 17th century. Its name is Latin for ' hunting dogs ', and the constellation is often depicted in illustrations as representing the dogs of Boötes the Herdsman, a neighboring constellation.
23-410: Cor Caroli is the constellation's brightest star, with an apparent magnitude of 2.9. La Superba (Y CVn) is one of the reddest naked-eye stars and one of the brightest carbon stars . The Whirlpool Galaxy is a spiral galaxy tilted face-on to observers on Earth, and was the first galaxy whose spiral nature was discerned. In addition, quasar TON 618 is one of the most massive black holes with
46-426: A small barred spiral galaxy that is seen face-on. This was the first galaxy recognised as having a spiral structure, this structure being first observed by Lord Rosse in 1845. It is a face-on spiral galaxy 37 million light-years from Earth. Widely considered to be one of the most beautiful galaxies visible, M51 has many star-forming regions and nebulae in its arms, coloring them pink and blue in contrast to
69-548: A table of the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN, which included Cor Caroli for the star α Canum Venaticorum. In Chinese , 常陳 ( Cháng Chén ), meaning Imperial Guards , refers to an asterism consisting of α Canum Venaticorum, 10 Canum Venaticorum , Beta Canum Venaticorum , 6 Canum Venaticorum , 2 Canum Venaticorum and 67 Ursae Majoris . Consequently, the Chinese name for Alpha Canum Venaticorum itself
92-509: Is 常陳一 ( Cháng Chén yī , English: the First Star of Imperial Guards ). From this Chinese name, the name Chang Chen was derived. Alpha Canum Venaticorum is a binary star with a combined apparent magnitude of 2.81. The two stars are 19.6 arcseconds apart in the sky and are easily resolved in small telescopes. The system lies approximately 110 light-years from the Sun . It marks
115-546: Is a hyperluminous quasar and blazar in this constellation, near its border with the neighboring Coma Berenices . It possesses a black hole with a mass 66 billion times that of the Sun, making it one of the most massive black holes ever measured. There is also a Lyman-alpha blob . Cor Caroli Cor Caroli / ˌ k ɔːr ˈ k ær ə l aɪ / is a binary star designated Alpha Canum Venaticorum or α Canum Venaticorum . The International Astronomical Union uses
138-400: Is an F-type main-sequence star . It is considerably fainter than its companion and has an apparent visual magnitude of approximately 5.60. Cor Caroli was a U.S. Navy Crater -class cargo ship named after the star. List of largest cosmic structures#List of largest-known voids This is a list of the largest cosmic structures so far discovered. The unit of measurement used
161-493: Is bordered by Ursa Major to the north and west, Coma Berenices to the south, and Boötes to the east. The three-letter abbreviation for the constellation, as adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1922, is "CVn". The official constellation boundaries, as set by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte in 1930, are defined by a polygon of 14 sides. In the equatorial coordinate system ,
184-442: Is the light-year (distance traveled by light in one Julian year ; approximately 9.46 trillion kilometres ). This list includes superclusters , galaxy filaments and large quasar groups (LQGs). The structures are listed based on their longest dimension. This list refers only to coupling of matter with defined limits, and not the coupling of matter in general (such as, for example, the cosmic microwave background , which fills
207-491: Is thought to be due to some elements sinking down into the star under the force of gravity while others are elevated by radiation pressure. This star is the prototype of a class of variable stars , the so-called α Canum Venaticorum variables . The strong magnetic field of these stars is believed to produce starspots of enormous extent. Due to these starspots the brightness of α Canum Venaticorum stars varies considerably during their rotation. α Canum Venaticorum
230-618: The Eridanus Supervoid and smaller than the proposed KBC Void and 1,200 times the volume of expected typical voids. It was discovered in 1988 in a deep-sky survey. Its centre is approximately 1.5 billion light-years away. Canes Venatici contains five Messier objects , including four galaxies . One of the more significant galaxies in Canes Venatici is the Whirlpool Galaxy (M51, NGC 5194) and NGC 5195 ,
253-443: The right ascension coordinates of these borders lie between 12 06.2 and 14 07.3 , while the declination coordinates are between +27.84° and +52.36°. Covering 465 square degrees, it ranks 38th of the 88 constellations in size. Canes Venatici contains no very bright stars. The Bayer designation stars, Alpha and Beta Canum Venaticorum are only of third and fourth magnitude respectively. Flamsteed catalogued 25 stars in
SECTION 10
#1732780703076276-537: The 17th century, when it was named Cor Caroli , which means "Charles's Heart". There has been some uncertainty whether it was named in honour of King Charles I of England , who was executed in 1649 during the English Civil War , or of his son, Charles II , who restored the English monarchy to the throne in 1660. The name was coined in 1660 by Sir Charles Scarborough , physician to Charles II, who claimed
299-616: The Greek astronomer Ptolemy's Almagest was translated from Greek to Arabic , the translator Hunayn ibn Ishaq did not know the Greek word and rendered it as a similar-sounding compound Arabic word for a kind of weapon, writing العصا ذات الكُلاب al-'aşā dhāt al-kullāb , which means 'the staff having a hook'. When the Arabic text was later translated into Latin, the translator, Gerard of Cremona , mistook كُلاب kullāb ('hook') for كِلاب kilāb ('dogs'). Both written words look
322-544: The constellation, labelling them 1 to 25 Canum Venaticorum (CVn); however, 1 CVn turned out to be in Ursa Major, 13 CVn was in Coma Berenices, and 22 CVn did not exist. The Giant Void , an extremely large void (part of the universe containing very few galaxies), is within the vicinity of this constellation. It is regarded to be the second largest void ever discovered, slightly larger than
345-430: The entire universe). All structures in this list are defined as to whether their presiding limits have been identified. There are some reasons to be cautious about this list: Voids are immense spaces between galaxy filaments and other large-scale structures. Technically they are not structures. They are vast spaces which contain very few or no galaxies. They are theorized to be caused by quantum fluctuations during
368-464: The mass of 66 billion solar masses . The stars of Canes Venatici are not bright. In classical times, they were listed by Ptolemy as unfigured stars below the constellation Ursa Major in his star catalogue . In medieval times , the identification of these stars with the dogs of Boötes arose through a mistranslation: some of Boötes's stars were traditionally described as representing the club ( Greek : κολλοροβος , kollorobos ) of Boötes. When
391-459: The name "Cor Caroli" specifically for the brighter star of the binary. Alpha Canum Venaticorum is the brightest point of light in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici . α Canum Venaticorum , Latinised to Alpha Canum Venaticorum , is the system's Bayer designation . The brighter of the two stars is designated α Canum Venaticorum , the fainter α Canum Venaticorum . In the western world Alpha Canum Venaticorum had no name until
414-519: The name's first appearance on a star map was in the 1673 chart of Francis Lamb, who labelled it Cor Caroli Regis Martyris ('the heart of Charles the martyred king'), clearly indicating that it was seen as referring to Charles I. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN's first bulletin of July 2016 included
437-671: The northern vertex of the asterism known as the Great Diamond or the Diamond of Virgo. α Canum Venaticorum has a spectral type of A0, and has an apparent visual magnitude which varies between 2.84 and 2.98, with a period of 5.47 days. It is a chemically peculiar star with a strong magnetic field, about 5,000 times as strong as the Earth's, and is also classified as an Ap/Bp star . Its atmosphere has overabundances of some elements, such as silicon , mercury and europium . This
460-465: The older yellow core. M 51 has a smaller companion, NGC 5195, that has very few star-forming regions and thus appears yellow. It is passing behind M 51 and may be the cause of the larger galaxy's prodigious star formation. Other notable spiral galaxies in Canes Venatici are the Sunflower Galaxy (M63, NGC 5055), M94 (NGC 4736), and M106 (NGC 4258). Ton 618
483-478: The same in Arabic text without diacritics , leading Gerard to write it as Hastile habens canes ('spearshaft-having dogs'). In 1533, the German astronomer Peter Apian depicted Boötes as having two dogs with him. These spurious dogs floated about the astronomical literature until Hevelius decided to make them a separate constellation in 1687. Hevelius chose the name Asterion for the northern dog and Chara for
SECTION 20
#1732780703076506-507: The southern dog, as Canes Venatici , 'the hunting dogs', in his star atlas . In his star catalogue, the Czech astronomer Antonín Bečvář assigned the names Asterion to β CVn and Chara to α CVn. Although the International Astronomical Union dropped several constellations in 1930 that were medieval and Renaissance innovations, Canes Venatici survived to become one of the 88 IAU designated constellations . Canes Venatici
529-460: The star seemed to shine exceptionally brightly on the night of Charles II's return to England. In Star Names , R.H. Allen claimed that Scarborough suggested the name to Edmond Halley and intended it to refer to Charles II. However, Robert Burnham Jr. notes that "the attribution of the name to Halley appears in a report published by J. E. Bode at Berlin in 1801, but seems to have no other verification". In Star Tales , Ian Ridpath points out that
#75924