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21-403: The Cantareira State Park is divided between the municipalities of São Paulo : 4,278.50 hectares (10,572.4 acres), Guarulhos : 2,674.33 hectares (6,608.4 acres), Mairiporã : 798.00 hectares (1,971.9 acres) and Caieiras : 149.17 hectares (368.6 acres) in the state of São Paulo. It has a total area of 7,916.52 hectares (19,562.1 acres). It holds an important remnant of Atlantic Forest . It adjoins

42-655: Is R$ 12,793. São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport (GRU), one of the main Brazilian airports, is located there. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Guarulhos . The municipality contains part of the 7,917 hectares (19,560 acres) Cantareira State Park , created in 1962, which protects a large part of the metropolitan São Paulo water supply. It also contains part of the 292,000 hectares (720,000 acres) Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area , created in 1982 to protect

63-539: Is a Brazilian municipality . It is the second most populous city in the Brazilian state of São Paulo , the 13th most populous city in Brazil , and is also the most populous city in the country that is not a state capital. In the last few years it has outgrown Campinas . It is part of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo . Its population is 1,291,784 with an area of 318.68 km . The name comes from

84-516: The Tupi language , and means "Eaters", "big-bellied people"; a reference to the original indigenous inhabitants of the area. It ranks eighth by GDP among Brazilian cities; second in São Paulo state. (source:IBGE, Brazil's national institute of statistics. GDP by cities report, published in 2005 with data from 2002). It is the tenth largest suburb in the world. The per capita income for the municipality

105-463: The 174 hectares (430 acres) Albert Löfgren State Park to the south. It protects an area of the Serra da Cantareira that provides an important part of the city's water supply. There are four visitor centers: Pedra Grande, Engordador, Águas Claras and Cabuçu. The Pedra Grande center has a lookout over the city at 1,010 metres (3,310 ft) of altitude. The park is open for scheduled school groups during

126-814: The city witnessed the actions of the Federal Intervention and the Constitutional Movement (Reflections of the Revolution that marked the end of the "Old Republic" during the 1930s in Brazil). In 1940 the Monteiro Lobato Municipal Library was founded, in 1941, the first Health Center of the city, and ten years after that, the Holy House of Mercy of Guarulhos was established. On that decade arrive in

147-885: The creation of the Cantareira Tourist State Park. UNESCO recognized the park on 9 June 1994 as the nucleus of the Biosphere Reserve of the Green Belt of the City of São Paulo. The consultative council was created on 1 April 2003. As of 2009 the park was receiving about 60,000 visitors each year. As of 2016 the Cantareira water system, now operated by Sabesp , was one of the largest in the world, serving about 8.8 million people with 33,000 liters of water per second. Guarulhos Guarulhos ( Portuguese pronunciation: [ɡwaˈɾuʎus] )

168-925: The first line of the São Paulo Metro to serve Guarulhos, Line 19–Sky Blue . São Paulo Air Force Base - BASP , a base of the Brazilian Air Force , is located in Guarulhos. In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo . In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable). [REDACTED] Media related to Guarulhos at Wikimedia Commons Roman Catholic Diocese of Guarulhos The Roman Catholic Diocese of Guarulhos ( Latin : Dioecesis Guaruliensis )

189-582: The mountains and expanded the protected area to support construction of a series of dams: Cuca, Olaria, Itagussu, Divisa, Manino, Bispo, Guaraú, Cassununga and Engordador. By 1899 the population had grown to 240,000 inhabitants, and the protected area had been defined as a "forest reserve". State law 6.884 of 1962 transformed it into the Cantareira State Park. The state park was created on 29 August 1962, confirmed by decree 41,626 of 30 January 1963. State law 10.228 of 24 September 1968 provided for

210-486: The mountains to the north of São Paulo could be used to avoid any problems with water supply for the city. By 1870 the city had 20,000 people. The Cantareira Company was founded in 1878 to supply a city expected to have 60,000 inhabitants by the end of the century. The 1892 census showed there were 120,000 inhabitants. The governor of the state cancelled the Cantareira Company's contract, bought its properties in

231-578: The municipality Industries from different sectors: electricity; metallurgy; plastics; food; rubber; footwear; vehicles; clocks, and leather. In 1945 the São Paulo's Air Force Base (BASP) was transferred from Campo de Marte , a small airport in São Paulo, to the Cumbica neighborhood in Guarulhos. In 1958 the Rotary Club established a branch in the city. The Municipal Conservatory of Guarulhos

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252-461: The park. There are 388 species of vertebrates of which 97 are mammals, 233 are birds, 28 are amphibians, 20 are reptiles and 10 are fish. 478 species of invertebrates have been recorded including 91 of bees, 303 arachnids, 62 of ants and 22 species of culicidae. The urban areas that surround the park and the roads that cut through it result in waste disposal in the park and other forms of degradation. Studies as early as 1852 indicated that springs in

273-526: The population grew from 35,000 in 1950 to 101,000 in 1960, from 237,000 in 1970 to 532,726 in 1980. Most of these citizens devoted themselves to Industrial activities in Guarulhos (that hosts around 2,000 establishments), and São Paulo. In 1985 the Cumbica Airport was opened. Today it is called " International Airport of São Paulo–Guarulhos Governor André Franco Montoro " (Aeroporto Internacional de São Paulo–Guarulhos Governador André Franco Montoro),

294-546: The second-biggest airport in Latin America. Between 2000 and 2006, its population grew three times as much as São Paulo State. According to IBGE , Guarulhos is the second most populous city in the State after São Paulo's capital. Most of its population is economically active and evenly distributed in terms of gender. Climate is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout

315-581: The sources of the Paraíba do Sul river. Guarulhos was founded on December 8, 1560, by the Jesuit priest Manuel de Paiva and entitled Nossa Senhora da Conceição. Its origin is linked to five other small villages that were in charge of defending the boundaries of São Paulo de Piratininga Village against the Tamoios , a tribe of Indigenous people that lived in that region. In the sixteenth century, Guarulhos

336-406: The week, and to the general public on weekends. It is an important leisure alternative for the surrounding communities. It is used extensively for research, and is considered by BirdLife International as an important area for bird conservation in Brazil. The park is mostly covered in dense montane rainforest in various stages of regeneration that started at the end of the 19th century when the land

357-595: The year. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is " Cfa " (Humid Subtropical Climate). The main highway to serve Guarulhos is the Rodovia Presidente Dutra , from São Paulo to Rio de Janeiro . In 2018, the Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos commuter rail system's Line 13–Jade was opened, connecting São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport with Engenheiro Goulart . In 2021, construction will begin on

378-471: Was a strategic location: it bordered the future São Paulo's Capital and was surrounded by the Tietê (south), and Cabuçu de Cima (west) rivers. On that same period, was established, for similar purposes, São Miguel Village, called nowadays São Miguel Paulista District in São Paulo. In 1880, Guarulhos emancipated from São Paulo and was named Nossa Senhora da Conceição dos Guarulhos. Its current name, Guarulhos,

399-449: Was acquired for the water supply of the city of São Paulo. Most of the forest is in the middle stage of regeneration. There are few significant areas of forest in advanced or mature stages. Of the flora, 678 species have been identified in 338 genera and 120 families. 650 species are angiosperms ( Magnoliophyta ), one is a gymnosperm ( Pinophyta ) and 27 are pteridophytes ( Pteridophyta ). There are an estimated 866 species of fauna in

420-405: Was adopted later, after the enactment of the law #1.021, on November 6, 1906. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the city was remarked by the settlement of a railroad and the power electricity system ( Light & Power C.O. ), by numerous requests for the implantation of a telephone system, industrial building permits, by commercial activities, and public transportation. During the 1930s,

441-546: Was founded in 1961. In 1963 the Commercial & Industrial Association of Guarulhos was founded, nowadays, the institution is called Commerce & Business Association of Guarulhos (Associação Comercial e Empresarial de Guarulhos – ACE). With the big boom of the Industrial sector, a large number of manpower was drawn. This new population settled in an urban area on a continuous process of land occupation. At this rate

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