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35-541: Cape Bird ( 77°10′S 166°41′E  /  77.167°S 166.683°E  / -77.167; 166.683 ) is a cape which marks the north extremity of Ross Island in Antarctica . It was discovered in 1841 by a British expedition under James Clark Ross , and named by him after Lieutenant Edward J. Bird of the ship HMS Erebus . Cape Bird Hut ( 77°13′05″S 166°26′09″E  /  77.218088°S 166.435795°E  / -77.218088; 166.435795 )

70-644: A U.S. Antarctic Project (USAP) sea ice specialist who worked in McMurdo Sod and diverse parts of the Southern Ocean for more than 25 years, dating from the 1976-77 austral season. Features in the center of the peninsula, from north to south, include 77°48′S 166°40′E  /  77.800°S 166.667°E  / -77.800; 166.667 . A rounded coastal point on the west side of Hut Point Peninsula. The feature lies 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) west of Castle Rock. The name

105-603: A plane table survey of the peninsula in 1912. 77°50′26″S 166°41′10″E  /  77.840604°S 166.686128°E  / -77.840604; 166.686128 . A crater with twin nested cones that rises behind McMurdo Station and 0.5 nautical miles (0.93 km; 0.58 mi) west of Crater Hill. This crater was named Middle Crater by Frank Debenham of the British Antarctic Expedition (British Antarctic Expedition), 1910-13, apparently for its location in relation to First Crater and Crater Hill, but

140-525: A rock outcrop 0.2 nautical miles (0.37 km; 0.23 mi) west of Twin Crater/Middle Crater. The name has been used in reports and maps since at least 1971. 77°51′S 166°37′E  /  77.850°S 166.617°E  / -77.850; 166.617 . A small bay immediately east of Hut Point, at the south end of Ross Island. Discovered by the BrNAE, 1901-04, and so named because

175-718: A series of basaltic scoria cones , craters and domes that were formed in the last 1.34 million years. Other features around the Hut Point Peninsula include Sultans Head Rock, Descent Cliff, Hutton Cliffs, Turtle Rock, Knob Point, Danger Slopes, Arrival Heights, Crater Hill, Hut Point, Cape Armitage, Observation Hill, The Gap and Pram Point. 77°50′S 166°39′E  /  77.833°S 166.650°E  / -77.833; 166.650 . A crater on Arrival Heights, located 0.75 nautical miles (1.39 km; 0.86 mi) north of Hut Point. Named by Debenham in 1912 on his local survey of Hut Point Peninsula during

210-538: Is Mount Bird , with Shell Glacier and Endeavour Piedmont Glacier on its slopes. The Erebus hotspot is thought to be responsible for the island's volcanic activity. The base of the Hut Point Peninsula is home to McMurdo Station and Scott Base . Scott's Hut is further north on the west coast, at Cape Evans . North of this at Cape Royds is Shackleton's Hut . Finally, the Cape Bird Hut

245-647: Is 0.3 nautical miles (0.56 km; 0.35 mi) long, located 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km; 0.92 mi) north-northwest of Ford Rock in central Hut Point Peninsula. The name is allusive; snow that cuts across parts of the nunatak gives it a segmented appearance resembling that of a centipede. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN), 2000. 77°46′04″S 166°47′02″E  /  77.767734°S 166.783895°E  / -77.767734; 166.783895 . A point 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) northeast of Knob Point on

280-511: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Ross Island This area was discovered by Sir James Clark Ross in 1841, but he thought it formed part of the mainland of Victoria Land. It was determined to be an island and named Ross Island by the British National Antarctic Expedition (1901-04), led by Robert Falcon Scott , in honor of Sir James Clark Ross. Ross Island was the base for many of

315-482: Is a long, narrow peninsula from 2 to 3 nautical miles (3.7 to 5.6 km; 2.3 to 3.5 mi) wide and 15 nautical miles (28 km; 17 mi) long, projecting south-west from the slopes of Mount Erebus on Ross Island , Antarctica. McMurdo Station (US) and Scott Base (NZ) are Antarctic research stations located on the Hut Point Peninsula. The British National Antarctic Expedition (1901–04) under Robert Falcon Scott built its Discovery Hut on Hut Point , at

350-408: Is a shelter, built in 1966 with the name of Harrison Laboratory , in order to give a facility to the researchers working at Cape Bird. The hut, which can accommodate six people, was built at Scott Base during the winter and lifted by helicopter to Cape Bird. The shelter was then rebuilt in 1991 nearby the old one designated, in the meantime, as ASPA 116 . This Ross Island location article

385-535: Is exposed on the point which is well defined and elevated at the juncture with McMurdo Ice Shelf. The name is allusive; when viewed from the west, the appearance of the point is suggestive of the head, neck, and fore part of an Arctic polar bear. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN), 2000. Features in the south of the peninsula, from west to east, include 77°50′17″S 166°39′49″E  /  77.838187°S 166.663478°E  / -77.838187; 166.663478 . A descriptive name for

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420-415: Is just south of Cape Bird . Capes and peninsulas include, clockwise from the south, the Hut Point Peninsula , Cape Evans , Cape Royds , Cape Bird , Cape Tennyson , Cape Crozier and Cape MacKay . Large bays include Erebus Bay , Wohlschlag Bay , Lewis Bay and Windless Bight . Major glaciers entering the sea or ice cap around the island include, clockwise from the south, Erebus Glacier and

455-730: The Antarctic Treaty . Both the cross (HSM 19) and the hut (HSM 18) have been designated Historic Sites or Monuments , following proposals by New Zealand and the United Kingdom to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting . The point is protected as Antarctic Specially Protected Area No.158 largely because of its historic significance as one of the principal sites of early human activity in Antarctica. Hut Point Peninsula consists of

490-503: The British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13 (BrAE), who made a plane table survey of the peninsula in 1912. 77°49′S 166°39′E  /  77.817°S 166.650°E  / -77.817; 166.650 . Clifflike heights which extend in a NE--southwest direction along the west side of Hut Point Peninsula, just north of Hut Point. Discovered and named by the BrNAE, 1901-04, under Scott. The name suggests

525-566: The Erebus Glacier Tongue , Barne Glacier , Shell Glacier , Terror Glacier and Aurora Glacier . [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Geological Survey . Hut Point Peninsula Hut Point Peninsula ( 77°47′S 166°51′E  /  77.783°S 166.850°E  / -77.783; 166.850 )

560-497: The early expeditions to Antarctica . It is the southernmost island reachable by sea. Huts built by Scott's and Shackleton's expeditions are still standing on the island, preserved as historical sites. Today Ross Island is home to New Zealand 's Scott Base and to the largest Antarctic settlement, the United States Antarctic Program 's McMurdo Station . Greenpeace established World Park Base on

595-725: The British Antarctic Expedition under Scott, 1910-13. Cone Hill has been approved for Scott's "Cone Hill I," but a new name suggested by A.J. Heine has been substituted for this prominent rock. M.R.J. Ford, New Zealand surveyor, established a survey beacon network for the McMurdo Ice Shelf Project, 1962-63. A survey beacon was established earlier on this rock by a United States Hydrographic Office survey team, 1955-56. 77°47′S 166°51′E  /  77.783°S 166.850°E  / -77.783; 166.850 . A hill 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) northeast of Castle Rock. The descriptive name "Cone Hill I"

630-1189: The British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13. 77°49′S 166°40′E  /  77.817°S 166.667°E  / -77.817; 166.667 . A crater on Arrival Heights, situated 0.6 nautical miles (1.1 km; 0.69 mi) northeast of First Crater. Named by F. Debenham in 1912 on his local survey of Hut Point Peninsula during the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13. 77°48′19″S 166°50′30″E  /  77.805347°S 166.841572°E  / -77.805347; 166.841572 . A distinctive breached crater rising to 200 metres (660 ft) high about 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km; 0.92 mi) east of Castle Rock. Named in 2000 by New Zealand Geographic Board (NZGB) after Deirdre Jeanette Sheppard, DSIR Antarctic Division/NZAP/Antarctica NZ librarian, 1980-96, who worked one season at Vanda Station. 77°48′28″S 166°44′50″E  /  77.807744°S 166.747093°E  / -77.807744; 166.747093 . A crater 0.5 nautical miles (0.93 km; 0.58 mi) southwest of Castle Rock. Descriptively named for its shape by Frank Debenham of British Antarctic Expedition (British Antarctic Expedition), 1910-13, who made

665-517: The central ridge of Hut Point Peninsula. Discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (BrNAE) (1901-04) under Scott, who so named it because of its shape. 77°48′26″S 166°42′36″E  /  77.807266°S 166.710021°E  / -77.807266; 166.710021 . A descriptive name for cones 0.9 nautical miles (1.7 km; 1.0 mi) southwest of Castle Rock. Named by Frank Debenham of

700-442: The early 1970's. It is named after James W. Starr, steelworker, United States Navy, who was closely associated with the development of the lake as a source of station water. 77°50′S 166°43′E  /  77.833°S 166.717°E  / -77.833; 166.717 . A hill, 300 metres (980 ft) high, marked by a volcanic crater at its summit, about 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) north of Observation Hill in

735-438: The expedition ship Discovery was moored in the bay and "frozen-in" during the winter seasons of 1902 and 1903. 77°51′S 166°38′E  /  77.850°S 166.633°E  / -77.850; 166.633 . A small point lying 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) northwest of Cape Armitage, at the south end of Hut Point Peninsula. Discovered and named by the BrNAE (1901-04) under Scott, who established their hut on

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770-428: The expedition's arrival at its winter headquarters at nearby Hut Point. 77°49′S 166°40′E  /  77.817°S 166.667°E  / -77.817; 166.667 . An ice slope just south of Knob Point. The initial slope is very steep and it terminates west in a sheer drop to Erebus Bay. So named by BrNAE (1901-04) because Seaman Vince of BrNAE lost his life here in a blizzard when he slipped and fell into

805-541: The highest average elevation of any island. Major volcanic peaks include, from west to east, Mount Bird , Mount Erebus , Mount Terra Nova and Mount Terror . Mount Erebus is (3,794 metres (12,448 ft)) is the planet's southernmost active volcano. The dormant volcano Mount Terror (3,230 metres (10,600 ft)), is the second highest on the island. They were named by Captain James Ross after his ships HMS Erebus and HMS Terror . The third highest elevation

840-486: The island and ran it for five years, from 1987 to 1992. Because of the persistent presence of the ice sheet , the island is sometimes taken to be part of the Antarctic mainland. Only a small portion of the island is free of ice and snow. Its area is 2,460 square kilometres (950 sq mi). Despite its relatively small size, Ross Island is the world's 6th highest island and the highest island in Antarctica. It has

875-511: The name has fallen into disuse. Twin Crater, alluding to the nested cones in the crater, was applied as early as 1971 and the name has become established because of consistent use in current maps and reports. Download coordinates as: Features in the north of the peninsula, from north to south, include 77°44′50″S 166°53′32″E  /  77.747205°S 166.892322°E  / -77.747205; 166.892322 . A narrow nunatak that

910-459: The point. 77°51′S 166°40′E  /  77.850°S 166.667°E  / -77.850; 166.667 . Conical hill, 230 metres (750 ft) high, surmounting Cape Armitage at the south end of Hut Point Peninsula. Discovered by the BrNAE, 1901-04, under Scott, and so named because it forms an excellent lookout station. 77°51′S 166°40′E  /  77.850°S 166.667°E  / -77.850; 166.667 . Cape forming

945-482: The sea. 77°50′S 166°40′E  /  77.833°S 166.667°E  / -77.833; 166.667 . A small meltwater lake which is a source of water for McMurdo Station. The lake is situated in the area of constant snow cover on Hut Point Peninsula, approximately 0.5 nautical miles (0.93 km; 0.58 mi) north of the station and midway between First Crater and Crater Hill. The name Starr Lake came into general use at McMurdo Station for this feature in

980-497: The south end of Hut Point Peninsula and the southernmost point of Ross Island. Discovered by the BrNAE, 1901-04, under Scott, and named by him for Lieutenant (later Captain) Albert B. Armitage, second in command and navigator on the Discovery. 77°51′S 166°41′E  /  77.850°S 166.683°E  / -77.850; 166.683 . A cluster of low rock summits 0.5 nautical miles (0.93 km; 0.58 mi) north of

1015-405: The south end of the peninsula via this low level passage. 77°51′S 166°45′E  /  77.850°S 166.750°E  / -77.850; 166.750 . Low rounded point on the southeast side of Hut Point Peninsula, about 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) northeast of Cape Armitage. Discovered by the BrNAE, under Scott, 1901-04, who so named it because it is necessary during

1050-456: The south part of Hut Point Peninsula. Discovered and named by the BrNAE under Scott, 1901-04. 77°48′59″S 166°51′06″E  /  77.816287°S 166.851715°E  / -77.816287; 166.851715 . An ice-covered point 1.2 nautical miles (2.2 km; 1.4 mi) southeast of Castle Rock on the east side of Hut Point Peninsula. A breached crater stands 0.7 nautical miles (1.3 km; 0.81 mi) north-northwest, but no rock

1085-452: The southern headland of the peninsula. Members of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13 (BAE), under Scott, wintering on Cape Evans and often using the hut during their journeys, came to refer to the whole peninsula as the Hut Point Peninsula. Several features on Hut Point, including the cross memorial for George Vince and the store hut for the Scott expeditions, are protected under

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1120-434: The summit of Observation Hill on Hut Point Peninsula. A descriptive name given by members of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13, under Scott. 77°51′S 166°43′E  /  77.850°S 166.717°E  / -77.850; 166.717 . A pass between Crater Hill and Observation Hill at the south end of Hut Point Peninsula. Charted and named by the BrNAE, 1901-04, under Scott. BrNAE sledge parties traversed

1155-478: The west side of Hut Point Peninsula. Named by New Zealand Geographic Board (NZGB) (2000) after Thelma Rodgers , scientific officer, who was the first woman to winter-over at Scott Base, 1979. 77°46′S 166°53′E  /  77.767°S 166.883°E  / -77.767; 166.883 . A prominent rock 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) northeast of Cone Hill. Cone Hill and this rock were designated "Cone Hill I" and "Cone Hill II," respectively, by

1190-592: Was adopted by US-ACAN on the recommendation of Gerald L. Kooyman, USARP biologist who studied physiological characteristics related to diving in the Weddell seal in this vicinity, 1963-64 and 1964-65. Kooyman reported that this descriptive name was already in use by other field workers in the area. 77°48′S 166°46′E  /  77.800°S 166.767°E  / -77.800; 166.767 . Bold rock crag, 415 metres (1,362 ft) high, standing 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) northeast of Hut Point on

1225-595: Was used by the British Antarctic Expedition under Robert Falcon Scott , 1910-13, but the form Cone Hill has come into general use. 77°47′22″S 166°55′13″E  /  77.789466°S 166.920391°E  / -77.789466; 166.920391 . An ice-covered point 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) southeast of Cone Hill on the east side of Hut Point Peninsula. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 2000 after Stephen F. Ackley, Snow and Ice Division, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), Hanover, New Hampshire,

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