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23-668: For the surname, see Carell , Carrel , and Carrell . Carel is a given name, and may refer to: Arts [ edit ] Carel Blotkamp , Dutch artist and art historian Carel de Moor , Dutch etcher and painter Carel Fabritius , Dutch painter and one of Rembrandt's most gifted pupils Carel van Mander , Flemish painter, poet and biographer Carel Vosmaer , Dutch poet and art-critic Jacques-Philippe Carel ( fl.  1723–1760 ), Parisian cabinet-maker Education [ edit ] Carel Gabriel Cobet , Dutch classical scholar Carel van Schaik , Dutch professor and director of

46-571: A pyramid. These are the "Great Temple/Great Pyramid", "Central Pyramid", "Quarry Pyramid", "Lesser Pyramid", "Pyramid of the Gallery", and "Pyramid of the Huanca". The associated residential structures around each of these pyramids contain evidence of elite living, including food remnants that would have been exclusive to elite lifestyles, such as sea lion bones. In the Upper Half of Caral, many of

69-857: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Carell Carell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Lianella Carell (1927–2000), Italian film actress and screenwriter Monroe J. Carell Jr. (1932–2008), American businessman and philanthropist Nancy Carell (born 1966), American actress, comedian and writer. Wife of Steve Carell Paul Carell (1911–1997), German non-fiction writer Steve Carell (born 1962), American comedian, actor, producer and writer Thomas Carell (born 1966), German biochemist See also [ edit ] Caral Carel Carrel Carrell Caril Carol (given name) Caroll Carrol Carroll Caryl Caryll Carryl [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with

92-492: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Caral The Caral culture developed between 3000 and 1800 B.C (Late Archaic and Lower Formative periods). In America, it is the oldest of the pre-Hispanic civilizations, developing 1,500 years earlier than the Olmec civilization , the first Mesoamerican complex society. Closely related to the city of Caral was an early fishing city, Áspero or El Áspero , located on

115-434: The quipu also may have recorded logographic information in the same way writing does. Gary Urton has suggested that the quipus used a binary code that could record phonological or logographic data. The main temple complex ( Spanish : Templo Mayor ) is 150 meters (490 ft) long, 110 meters (360 ft) wide and 28 meters (92 ft) high. The date of its construction is unknown. Shady's findings suggest it

138-503: The surname Carell . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carell&oldid=1258766039 " Categories : Surnames English-language surnames French-language surnames Surnames from given names Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

161-726: The Anthropological Institute and Museum at the University of Zürich, Switzerland Other fields [ edit ] Carel Godin de Beaufort , Dutch nobleman and Formula One driver Carel Victor Gerritsen (1850–1905), Dutch radical politician Carel Jan Scheneider , Dutch foreign service diplomat and writer Carel Struycken , character actor in film, television, and stage Johan Carel Marinus Warnsinck , Dutch naval officer and naval historian Tobias Michael Carel Asser , Dutch jurist [REDACTED] Name list This page or section lists people that share

184-492: The coast near the mouth of the Supe River. There, remains of human sacrifices (two children and a newborn) have been found. In 2016, the remains were found of a woman, who presumably belonged to the local elite of 4,500 years ago. Caral was inhabited between approximately 26th century BC and 20th century BC , and the site includes an area of more than 60 hectares (150 acres). Caral has been described by its excavators as

207-496: The ground among circular stone lines near Caral. This image, known as a geoglyph , is located on the desert floor just west of the main site at Caral. The lines form the design of a human face with long, streaming hair and a gaping mouth. This geoglyph is similar to bleeding figures with a similar gaping mouths found etched onto the stone walls at a site called Cerro Sechín , in the Casma Valley 240 kilometres (150 mi) to

230-447: The north. What this figure represents is unclear. It is believed to have been constructed around the same time as Caral and to have been associated with a nearby ceremonial site known as Chupacigarro . Another significant find at the site was a collection of musical instruments, including 37 cornetts made of deer and llama bones and 33 flutes of unusual construction. The flutes were radiocarbon dated to 2170±90 BC. The city of Caral

253-567: The oldest urban center in the Americas. This claim has been challenged by the discovery of other ancient sites nearby, such as Bandurria, Peru . Accommodating more than 3,000 inhabitants, Caral is the best studied and one of the largest sites known of the Norte Chico civilization . The city was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2009. In early 2021, tensions arose between squatters claiming land rights and archaeologists researching

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276-579: The origins of the Andean civilizations and the development of its first cities. Among the artifacts found at Caral is a knotted textile piece that the excavators have labelled a quipu . They write that the artifact is evidence that the quipu record keeping system, a method involving knots tied in textiles that was brought to its highest development by the Inca Empire , was older than any archaeologist previously had determined. Evidence has emerged that

299-499: The people living in the Lower Half of Caral consisted mostly of agricultural plants and some fish. These diets were less rich than those of the elites living in the Upper Half. The current explanation for the divided city is that the city was intentionally planned in this way, with the monumental architecture and complexes of the Upper Half designed both to house elites and to physically indicate their political power. Conversely,

322-518: The region, he made some observations about the development of architecture in the Andes. Ruth Shady further explored this 4,000- to 4,600-year-old city in the Peruvian desert, with its elaborate complex of temples, an amphitheater, and ordinary houses. The urban complex is spread out over 150 hectares (370 acres) and contains plazas and residential buildings. Caral was a thriving metropolis at roughly

345-464: The remains of a baby, wrapped and buried with a necklace made of stone beads. Caral was flanked by 19 other temple complexes scattered across the 90 square kilometres (35 sq mi) area of the Supe Valley. The date of 2627 BC for Caral is based on the carbon dating of reed and woven carrying bags that were found on site. These bags were used to carry the stones for the construction of

368-441: The residents were wealthy elites, whose lives likely were associated with religious and social activities that would have taken place in the temples. By comparison, the residential buildings in the Lower Half have less evidence of elite populations. Instead of the large structures, exclusively elite residential complexes of the Upper Half, these residences are smaller and single rooms are used for more than one purpose. The diets of

391-413: The same given name . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carel&oldid=1116443311 " Categories : Given names Dutch masculine given names Masculine given names Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

414-586: The same time as the great pyramids were being built in Egypt, which is considered one of the earliest civilizations in the world. Caral is the largest recorded site in the Andean region, with dates older than 2000 BC. It appears to be the model for the urban design adopted by Andean civilizations that rose and fell over the span of four millennia. Scholars believe that research conducted in Caral may answer questions about

437-461: The site, as housing construction encroached on the site. Paul Kosok discovered Caral in 1948. The site received little attention at the time because it appeared to lack many of the typical artifacts that were sought at archaeological sites throughout the Andes. In 1975, the Peruvian architect Carlos Williams made a detailed record of most of the archaeological sites of the valley of Supe, among which he recorded Caral. Based on what he observed in

460-524: The temples. The material is an excellent candidate for high precision dating. The site may date even earlier, however, as samples from the oldest parts of the excavation have yet to be dated. Caral had a population of approximately 3,000 people. However, 19 other sites in the area (posted at Caral), allow for a possible total population of 20,000 people sharing the same culture in the Supe Valley. All of these sites share similarities with Caral, including small platforms or stone circles. Shady believes that Caral

483-451: Was a society built on commerce and pleasure. No indications of warfare, such as battlements, weapons, or mutilated bodies, have been found at Caral. This contrasts with the older site of Sechin Bajo , where depictions of weapons are found. In one of the Caral temples, researchers found 32 flutes made of condor and pelican bones and 37 cornetts of deer and llama bones. One find revealed

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506-589: Was split into two sections, an "Upper Half" and a "Lower Half". These halves were divided naturally by the Supe River Valley. In the Upper Half there are six monumental complexes, each of which includes a pyramid, open plaza, and assemblage of residential buildings. In the Lower Half there are residential buildings, small pyramids, and one monumental complex called the "Temple of the Amphitheater". The Upper Half complexes were all constructed around

529-460: Was the focus of this civilization. It is believed to be part of an even more vast cultural complex, trading with the coastal communities and the regions farther inland. She suggests that a depiction of monkeys may be evidence of trade with communities along the Amazon. In 2000, Marco Machacuay (the chief of excavations at the time) and his colleague, Rocío Aramburú, discovered a large shape etched on

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