61-495: Centennial Hill is a district at the northern edge of Downtown Atlanta , Georgia . The name was originally coined by Hines Interests and applied only to their planned development in the area. Although the development was never started and the land later sold, the name remained and became associated with the whole neighborhood. Due in part to the Georgia Aquarium and to renewed interest in city living, Centennial Hill
122-613: A 1.25-million-square-foot (116,000 m ) mixed-used office building, contains the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia and offices for several other federal agencies, including the Department of Energy's regional office. Further north in the Fairlie-Poplar district of Downtown is the U.S. Court of Appeals . This court takes federal cases from the states of Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. It
183-507: A 72,000-square-foot (6,700 m ) full service athletic facility. Transit access is provided MARTA's Peachtree Center station that is directly connected to it. Centennial Yards is a $ 5 billion mixed-use development that is expected to be completed in 2026. The transformative 50-acre project will bring more restaurants, entertainment, housing, hotel rooms, and retail stores to downtown. The Consulate-General of Argentina , The Consulate-General of Germany , Consulate of Belgium , and
244-603: A W Hotel nearby. The center of the neighborhood is considered to be the intersection of Ivan Allen Boulevard and Ted Turner Drive. The boundaries of the neighborhood are generally acknowledged to be North Avenue to the north, Baker Street to the south, Luckie Street to the west and the Downtown Connector to the east. About half of that area consists of the Centennial Place residential community, which in 1996 replaced Techwood Homes , which in 1936 had been
305-472: A dedicated hotel-convention district that lay at the heart of the Downtown economy, even as the remainder of Downtown Atlanta deteriorated markedly. The closure of Underground Atlanta in 1979 due to an increase in crime contributed to perceptions that Downtown was dangerous, and the 1980s saw a significant decline in population. By 1990, Five Points was a "vacant shell of its former self," while Downtown as
366-628: A district for entertainment and shopping. It contains retail stores, restaurants that serve a variety of different foods, and several nightclubs in Kenny's Alley. The Mall at Peachtree Center , located on Peachtree Street, has 60 specialty shops, including six full-scale restaurants, as well as a regular food court, a conference center in the South Tower. It also includes the Peachtree Center Athletic Club, which contains
427-663: A fireworks display for the Independence Day holiday. Hurt Park with its lighted fountain was an attraction in the 1940s and 1950s, and is a reminder of a bygone time. Just north of Centennial Olympic Park is the Georgia Aquarium , the world's third largest aquarium, after Marine Life Park in Singapore built in 2012 and the Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in China built in 2010. The Georgia Aquarium remains
488-562: A million people attend conventions at the Georgia World Congress Center annually, and as many 125,000 people attend a single event. Located near the MARTA Five Points Station, Underground Atlanta is Downtown's shopping and entertainment district. During the 1920s, streets in the area were raised above the ground (and the railroad tracks) for a better flow of traffic. Under these viaducts is
549-448: A more diversified economic base, striving to wean the old capital from its dependence on government institutions such as Central State Hospital and state prisons. The state has recently closed some prisons and reduced jobs at Central State, due to tightening state budgets. Milledgeville is located at 33°5′16″N 83°14′0″W / 33.08778°N 83.23333°W / 33.08778; -83.23333 (33.087755, -83.233401) and
610-488: A much smaller downtown area measuring just one and two tenths square miles. This area is roughly bound by North Avenue to the north, Piedmont Avenue and the Downtown Connector to the east, Martin Luther King Jr Drive, Courtland Street, and Edgewood Avenue to the south, and the railroad tracks to the west. This area only includes the core central business district neighborhoods of Fairlie-Poplar, Five Points,
671-1028: A strong presence in Downtown. The U.S. Census Bureau has its Atlanta Regional Office in the Centennial Tower and the Atlanta Regional Census Center in Suite 1000 in the Marquis Two Tower in the Peachtree Center . The National Transportation Safety Board operates the Atlanta Aviation Field Office in the Atlanta Federal Center in Downtown Atlanta. The Martin Luther King, Jr. Federal Building
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#1732802505069732-582: A target for the Union Army . In 1864, General William T. Sherman burned Atlanta to the ground during his March to the Sea , making Atlanta the only major American city to be destroyed by war. Atlanta's first resurgence began during Reconstruction . In 1868, Georgia's state capital was moved to the city from Milledgeville . By the 1920s, a downtown business sector ringed by residential districts had emerged. Professional sports came to Atlanta in 1965 with
793-602: A transformation that includes the construction of new condos and lofts, renovation of historic buildings, and arrival of new residents and businesses. Downtown is bound by North Avenue to the north, Boulevard to the east, Interstate 20 to the south, and Northside Drive to the west. This definition includes central areas like Five Points , the Hotel District , and Fairlie-Poplar , and outer neighborhoods such as SoNo and Castleberry Hill . The Atlanta Downtown Improvement District (ADID) organization, though, defines
854-557: A university-led transformation of Downtown that sought to make Georgia State "a part of the city, not apart from the city." Dubbed the Main Street Master Plan, Patton's vision has been executed through billions of dollars of urban construction, boosting Downtown's economy and population. On March 14, 2008, at approximately 9:40 pm Eastern Daylight Time , an EF2 tornado hit Downtown with winds up to 135 miles per hour (217 km/h). It caused damage to Philips Arena,
915-555: A whole was largely an "archepelagic assemblage of fortified enclaves inhabited in the daylight hours by government office workers, conventioners, and college students, and in the night by a substantial population of homeless persons." The 1996 Olympic Games , along with the transformation of Georgia State University from a commuter school to a traditional college, initiated a resurgence of Downtown that continues today. They resulted in Centennial Olympic Park , which
976-561: Is 330 feet (100 m) above sea level. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 20.6 square miles (53.3 km ), of which 20.4 square miles (52.9 km ) is land and 0.15 square miles (0.4 km ), or 0.74%, is water. U.S. Route 441 is the main route through the city, leading north 21 mi (34 km) to Eatonton and south 22 mi (35 km) to Irwinton . Georgia State Routes 22 , 24 , and 49 also run through
1037-589: Is a city in and the county seat of Baldwin County in the U.S. state of Georgia . It is northeast of Macon , bordered on the east by the Oconee River . The rapid current of the river here made this an attractive location to build a city. It was the capital of Georgia from 1804 to 1868, including during the American Civil War . Milledgeville was preceded as the capital city by Louisville and
1098-748: Is a music concert hall built in 1910 for the Tabernacle Baptist Church. In 1996 it was converted into a House of Blues Club for the Olympics. It was renamed "The Tabernacle" in 1998. The concert hall is four stories and can seat 2600. AmericasMart is a wholesale trade center consisting of four buildings totaling seven million square feet. The Mart hosts several trade shows every year including Market Wednesday, Atlanta Apparel, Atlanta Spring Immediate Delivery, and The Atlanta International Gift and Home Furnishings Market. Some permanent showrooms are open daily, though many are open only part of
1159-497: Is a reinvigorated Downtown, especially in the areas around Woodruff Park and Sweet Auburn . Downtown Atlanta is in Atlanta Public Schools (APS). Zoned schools are: Centennial Place Academy ( K-8 school ), and Midtown High School (formerly Henry W. Grady High School). Downtown is a transportation hub for the entire region. The Downtown Connector runs north and south through the district. The Connector
1220-636: Is located South Downtown . Its gold dome is visible from the Downtown Connector . The Fulton County Government Center, the seat of the Fulton County Government, is located on Pryor Street. The Fulton County Courthouse is located directly across the street from the Fulton County Government Center. A few blocks away from the U.S. Court of Appeals is the State Bar of Georgia building, the former location of
1281-637: Is officially named the Elbert P. Tuttle U.S. Court of Appeals building, named after a former Chief Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (the predecessor court to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit). Downtown is also marked by its state, county, and city government facilities. The Georgia State Capitol , the seat of the government for the State of Georgia,
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#17328025050691342-873: Is the primary freeway artery for the city. Downtown is also served by Interstate 20, which creates the southern border of Downtown. Downtown also has many surface streets that serve as alternatives to the Downtown Connector. MARTA 's east–west and north–south subway lines converge in the middle of Downtown at the Five Points station . The North-South Line has four additional stops at Garnett (in South Downtown ), Peachtree Center , and Civic Center (in SoNo ). The east–west line has two additional stops at Dome/GWCC/Philips Arena/CNN Center and Georgia State . Milledgeville, Georgia Milledgeville
1403-424: Is undergoing a development boom estimated at over US$ 1 billion [1] . This includes Allen Plaza, an eight-block complex that spans many side streets and borders Ivan Allen. The seasoned developer's project had already delivered the north end of downtown a modern fresh look, with glass buildings that accommodated Southern Co. (and now, Menlo Equities) and Ernst & Young looming over the Downtown Connector and
1464-600: The Altamaha River and then south to the Atlantic Ocean . Lake Sinclair , a man-made lake, is about 5 miles (8 km) northeast of Milledgeville on the border of Baldwin , Putnam and Hancock counties. Milledgeville is composed of two main districts: a heavily commercialized area along the highway known to locals simply as " 441 ," extending from a few blocks north of Georgia College & State University to 4 miles (6 km) north of Milledgeville, and
1525-568: The Bank of America Plaza building, is situated between Midtown Atlanta and Downtown. Rising at 1,023 feet (312 m), Bank of America Plaza is also the tallest building in any of the U.S. state capitals, and one of the tallest buildings in the United States outside of New York City and Chicago . Downtown is the heart and the largest of the three business districts of the city. This area contains striking architecture dating as far back as
1586-791: The Celebration Bowl , and the Peach Bowl . In its vicinity is State Farm Arena , the home of the Atlanta Hawks , the city's NBA team. It is located directly across Centennial Olympic Park Drive from the CNN Center. Just south of Interstate 20 are the Georgia State University baseball, basketball, and football stadiums—the latter built from the legacy of the defunct Centennial Olympic Stadium and Turner Field . The Tabernacle , located on Luckie Street,
1647-605: The Consulate-General of South Korea are located in Peachtree Center . The Consulate-General of the United Kingdom is located in the Georgia-Pacific Tower . Woodruff Park , named after Robert W. Woodruff , is a 6-acre (24,000 m ) park in Downtown located a block away from Five Points . The park is the location of the iconic Phoenix Memorial , which memorializes Atlanta's rise from
1708-621: The Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta before it moved to its Midtown location in 2001. Downtown is home to most of the city's major sporting venues. Mercedes-Benz Stadium is home to the Atlanta Falcons , the city's NFL team, and Atlanta United FC , the city's MLS team. Mercedes-Benz Stadium also hosts major college football events, including the annual Aflac Kickoff Game , the SEC Championship Game ,
1769-527: The Georgia Railroad , suggested that Marthasville's name be changed. The first suggestion was "Atlantica-Pacifica", which was shortened to "Atlanta". In 1847, Atlanta was incorporated, with the town limits extending in a one-mile (1.6 km) radius from the mile marker at the railroad depot. By the outbreak of the Civil War, Atlanta was a major railroad hub and manufacturing center, making it
1830-589: The Presbyterian church. Skilled black carpenters, masons, and laborers were forced to construct most of the handsome antebellum structures in Milledgeville. Two events epitomized Milledgeville's status as the political and social center of Georgia in this period: By 1854 Baldwin County had a total population of 8,148, of whom 3,566 were free (mostly white), and 4,602 were African American slaves. On January 19, 1861, Georgia convention delegates passed
1891-464: The "Downtown" area, encompassing the college, buildings housing city government agencies, various bars and restaurants. This historic area was laid out in 1803, with streets named after other counties in Georgia. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 17,070 people, 5,895 households, and 2,852 families residing in the city. The Milledgeville City Council is the city's legislative body, with
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1952-453: The 1970s resulted in significant development in Downtown, most notably in Peachtree Center and the Hotel District . Economic development in these areas shifted the commercial center of the city to an area along Peachtree Street that was north of Five Points , however, despite the construction of the MARTA central station there in 1975. By the mid-1980s, Peachtree Center had become the core of
2013-542: The 19th century. Some of the most famous and/or tallest buildings in Downtown include: Downtown is divided into nine subdistricts: Downtown contains over 26 million square feet (2,400,000 m ) of office space; combined with Midtown as the central business district they make up over 48 million sq ft, more than the CBDs of Dallas , and Miami . Downtown's economy is also driven by its government facilities, venues, and retail options. The Federal government maintains
2074-686: The Georgia Dome, Centennial Olympic Park, the Westin Peachtree Plaza Hotel , the CNN Center, and the Georgia World Congress Center . It was the first time a tornado touched ground in Downtown since weather record keeping began in the 1880s. While there were dozens of injuries, there was only one fatality. Downtown contains some of the tallest buildings in Atlanta. The tallest building in Atlanta,
2135-511: The Hotel District, Centennial Hill, and South Downtown . The history of downtown began in 1826 with Wilson Lumpkin and Hamilton Fulton surveying a possible canal route between Chattanooga, Tennessee , and Milledgeville , Georgia's capital at the time. In 1833, Lumpkin, who had become governor, requested that the state legislature charter three railroad lines. By 1836, the state-financed Western and Atlantic Railroad , linking
2196-695: The November 2017 general election, incumbent Mayor Gary Thrower was defeated by Mary Parham-Copelan. She was sworn in as the city's first African American female mayor on December 29, 2017. Elected officials as of October 2023 : Milledgeville's public school system is governed by the Baldwin County School District . Milledgeville's public library system is part of the Middle Georgia Regional Library System . Mary Vinson Memorial Library
2257-605: The Ordinance of Secession, and on February 4, 1861, the "Republic of Georgia" joined the Confederate States of America . In November 1864, Union General William T. Sherman and 30,000 Union troops marched into Milledgeville during his March to the Sea . Governor Joseph E. Brown had already packed up the rugs and curtains from the Governor's Mansion, and fled town with other political and military leaders, leaving
2318-455: The United States' first public housing project. Previous to the 1930s the area was a slum called Tanyard Bottom or Tech Flats. 33°45′53″N 84°23′20″W / 33.76467°N 84.388959°W / 33.76467; -84.388959 Downtown Atlanta Downtown Atlanta is the central business district of Atlanta , Georgia , United States. The largest of the city's three commercial districts ( Midtown and Buckhead being
2379-507: The area, particularly in the area clustered around Centennial Olympic Park. In June 2008, Atlanta was selected for the future home of the National Health Museum. It will be near Centennial Olympic Park where it is estimated to attract between 1.1 and 1.4 million visitors per year. Georgia State University , a four-year public research institution, has been a major force in Downtown's resurgence. Downtown has benefited from
2440-561: The ashes of the Civil War. Built as a legacy of the 1996 Olympic Games , Centennial Olympic Park , located on 21-acre (85,000 m ) area of Downtown, is the largest downtown park in the United States developed in the last 25 years. A famous part of the park is the Fountain of Rings, the world's largest interactive fountain utilizing the Olympic symbol of five interconnecting rings. The park hosts many events, such as music concerts and
2501-540: The boundaries of the Milledgeville Historic District , which was also added to the NRHP. Milledgeville, named after Georgia governor John Milledge (1802–1806), was founded by European Americans at the start of the 19th century as the new centrally located capital of the state of Georgia . It served as the state capital from 1804 to 1868. In 1803 an act of the Georgia legislature called for
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2562-466: The capital. Much of the surrounding countryside was developed by slave labor for cotton plantations, which was the major commodity crop of the South. Cotton bales regularly were set up to line the roads, waiting to be shipped downriver to Darien . Public-spirited citizens such as Mayor Tomlinson Fort (1847–1848) promoted better newspapers, learning academies, and banks. In 1842 Central State Hospital )
2623-505: The city as well. GA-22 leads northeast 24 mi (39 km) to Sparta and southwest 20 mi (32 km) to Gray . GA-24 leads east 29 mi (47 km) to Sandersville and north to Eatonton with U.S. 441. GA-49 leads southwest 30 mi (48 km) to Macon . Milledgeville is located on the Atlantic Seaboard fall line of the United States. The Oconee River flows a half mile east of downtown on its way south to
2684-483: The colonial era of Georgia . Milledgeville is the principal city of the Milledgeville micropolitan statistical area , a micropolitan area that includes Baldwin and formerly Hancock county until 2023. It had a population of 43,799 at the 2020 census . The Old State Capitol is located here; it was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Much of the original city is contained within
2745-539: The construction of Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium and the relocation of the Braves from Milwaukee . The National Football League awarded the city the Falcons expansion team in 1966. The Hawks arrived in 1968, even though Omni Coliseum , the city's basketball arena, did not open until 1972. Two of the teams continue to play their home games downtown at Mercedes-Benz Stadium and Philips Arena . Business growth in
2806-450: The establishment and survey of a town to be named in honor of the current governor, John Milledge. The Treaty of Fort Wilkinson (1802) had recently forced Native American tribes to cede territory immediately west of the Oconee River . The white population of Georgia continued to press west and south in search of new farmland. The town of Milledgeville was developed in an area that had long been occupied by indigenous peoples. In December 1804
2867-531: The flurry of GSU-related construction and land acquisitions as the institution undergoes its transformation from a commuter school to a traditional university. In the early 2000s, under then-president Carl Patton, the university undertook the creation of a master plan that would make GSU "a part of the city, not apart from the city." The resulting $ 1 billion master plan has led to 14 new or renovated university buildings, including academic structures, student dormitories, dining halls, and sporting facilities. The result
2928-562: The largest aquarium in the United States and in the Western Hemisphere, with more than 8 million US gallons (30,000 m ) of fresh and marine water. It is listed as one of the "1,000 Places to See Before You Die". The World of Coca-Cola , situated near the Georgia Aquarium at Pemberton Place , is a permanent exhibition to the history of Coca-Cola . Downtown is in the process of bringing new attractions to
2989-451: The middle of Georgia to the other states north and west, was granted a charter by the legislature, which was signed into law by Lumpkin. As a result, the town named Terminus was founded in 1837, named for the end of the railroad line. Terminus received a name change in 1842 when the town's 30 inhabitants voted to change the town's name to Marthasville, in honor of Governor Lumpkin's daughter. By 1845, John Edgar Thomson , chief engineer of
3050-401: The others), it is the location of many corporate and regional headquarters; city , county , state , and federal government facilities; Georgia State University ; sporting venues; and most of Atlanta's tourist attractions. It measures approximately four square miles, and had 26,850 residents as of 2017. Similar to other central business districts in the United States, it has recently undergone
3111-612: The power to enact all ordinances and resolutions and controls the funding of all designated programs. Six council members are elected to represent their district, while the mayor is elected at-large, by city voters, for a four-year term. City Council meetings are held on the second and fourth Tuesday of the month. Meetings are open to the public and televised locally on MBC TV-4 Milledgeville/Baldwin County Governmental/Educational Access Cable Channel on local Charter Communications. In
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#17328025050693172-416: The public unprotected. Sherman largely spared the town destruction, though burned some buildings with military uses. Sherman's troops are claimed to have poured sorghum and molasses down the pipes of the organ at St. Stephen's Episcopal Church; the organ was replaced by New York Life Insurance Company. In 1868, during Reconstruction , the state legislature moved the capital to Atlanta—a city emerging as
3233-785: The state legislature declared Milledgeville the new capital of Georgia. The new planned town, modeled after Savannah and Washington, D.C. , stood on the edge of the frontier at the Atlantic fall line, where the Upper Coastal Plain meets the foothills and plateau of the Piedmont . The area was surveyed, and a town plat of 500 acres (2.0 km ) was divided into 84 4-acre (16,000 m ) squares. The survey also included four public squares of 20 acres (81,000 m ) each. After 1815 Milledgeville became increasingly prosperous and more respectable. Wealth and power gravitated toward
3294-676: The symbol of the New South as surely as Milledgeville symbolized the Old South . Milledgeville struggled to survive as a city after losing the business of the capital. The energetic efforts of local leaders established the Middle Georgia Military and Agricultural College (later Georgia Military College ) in 1879 on Statehouse Square. Where the crumbling remains of the old penitentiary stood, Georgia Normal and Industrial College (later Georgia College & State University )
3355-411: The time or during trade shows. Clustered around the Mercedes-Benz Stadium and the CNN Center, the Georgia World Congress Center is a state-owned convention center. Opened in 1976, it was the first state owned and operated major convention center in the United States. As the fourth largest convention center in the United States and with 1.4 million square feet (130,000 m ) of space, more than
3416-432: The town's social and economic identity. In the 1980s and 1990s Milledgeville began to capitalize on its heritage by revitalizing the downtown and historic district. It encouraged restoration of historic buildings and an urban design scheme on Main Street to emphasize its character. By 2000 the population of Milledgeville and Baldwin County combined had grown to 44,700. Community leaders have made concerted efforts to create
3477-540: Was built and "designed and constructed to accommodate the rapidly expanding volume of the Postal Service , which was then oriented around a single, central processing facility." The Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center is the ninth largest federal building in the United States and the largest in the southeast. It "houses 5,000 employees for dozens of federal agencies and combines four distinct structural elements in central downtown, equaling 2 million square feet (190,000 m )." The Richard B. Russell Federal Building ,
3538-462: Was built as a physical memorial to the games in the former industrial area west of Five Points. In the following decade, Centennial Olympic Park spurred the creation of a Downtown tourist district anchored by the World of Coca-Cola , the Georgia Aquarium , the CNN Center , the Center for Civil and Human Rights , and the College Football Hall of Fame . Following the 1996 games, Georgia State University president Carl Patton, an urban planner, initiated
3599-412: Was built here. Oglethorpe University , where the poet Sidney Lanier was later educated, opened its doors in 1838. (The college, forced to close in 1862 during the war, was rechartered in 1913. It moved its campus to Atlanta.) The cotton boom in this upland area significantly increased the demand for slave labor . The town market, where slave auctions took place, was located on Capital Square, next to
3660-424: Was founded in 1889. In part because of these institutions, as well as Central State Hospital , Milledgeville developed as a less provincial town than many of its neighbors. In the 1950s the Georgia Power Company completed a dam at Furman Shoals on the Oconee River , about 5 miles (8 km) north of town, creating a huge reservoir called Lake Sinclair . The lake community became an increasingly important part of
3721-454: Was succeeded by Atlanta , the current capital. Today U.S. Highway 441 connects Milledgeville to Madison , Athens , and Dublin . As of April 1, 2020, the population of Milledgeville was 17,070, down from 17,715 at the 2010 U.S. census. Milledgeville is along the route of the Fall Line Freeway , which is under construction to link Milledgeville with Augusta , Macon , Columbus , and other Fall Line cities. They have long histories from
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