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14-819: The nature reserve is located at the south-western part of the Valdai Hills , close to the divide between the drainage basins of the Atlantic (the Western Dvina and the Lovat ) and the Caspian Sea (the Volga ). It includes a part of the lake district which is formed at the divide. The landscape within the nature reserve is mainly hilly, with a large area occupied by swamps. The altitude varies between 220 metres (720 ft) to 270 metres (890 ft). The reserve

28-493: A result, the whole southern part was destroyed, and about 6 square kilometres (2.3 sq mi) of woods were cut in the northern part. On 1 April 1960 the nature reserve was re-established, with the area of 210 square kilometres (81 sq mi). In 1981, a protected area was created around the borders of the nature reserve. Timber logging is prohibited in this protected area. Valdai Hills The Valdai Hills , sometimes shortened to Valdai , are an upland region in

42-550: Is in the Sarmatic mixed forests ecoregion, a band of mixed oak/spruce/pine forests stretching from southern Sweden to the Ural Mountains. The climate is Humid continental climate, cool summer ( Köppen climate classification (Dfb) ). This climate is characterized by large swings in temperature, both diurnally and seasonally, with mild summers and cold, snowy winters The area is covered by forest, with spruce being

56-470: Is located to the north. A 189,100 hectares (467,000 acres) forested sector at the western end of the hills is a protected area under the name Vepsian Forest ( Veps : Vepsän mec ; Russian : Вепсский лес ). It was established in 1999. Lake Shimozero , located in the eastern part of the Vepsian Upland, is also a protected area since 1978. The Vepsian hilly area is a northward extension of

70-745: Is overlain by deposited glacial materials in the form of terminal moraines and other detritus . The Valdai Hills reach their maximum height of 346.9 m (1,138 ft) near Vyshny Volochyok . The Volga , the Daugava (the Western Dvina), the Lovat , the Msta , the Dnieper , the Syas , and other rivers originate in the Valdai Hills. The region thus is divided among the drainage basins of

84-939: The Caspian Sea (the Volga), the Black Sea (the Dnieper), and the Baltic Sea (the Msta and the Lovat via the Volkhov , the Syas via Lake Ladoga and the Neva , and the Daugava). It is a place of many lakes, among them Lake Volgo , Lake Peno , Lake Seliger , Lake Brosno , and Lake Valdayskoye . During the last glacial period , the Valdai Hills with its hard rocks posed an obstacle to

98-735: The Central Russian Upland , in the same manner as the Valdai Hills to the southeast. The south-west / northeast oriented Tikhvin Ridge connects the central part of the Valdai Hills to the Vepsian Upland in its north-eastern part. Together with the Tikhvin Ridge, part of the Valdai Hills, the Vepsian Upland separates the basins of the Baltic and the Caspian Seas . The upland stretches across Vytegorsky District , in

112-574: The glacier ice that advances from northwest, diverting the ice into the lowlands. 57°00′N 33°30′E  /  57.000°N 33.500°E  / 57.000; 33.500 Vepsian Upland The Vepsian Upland ( Russian : Вепсовская возвышенность, Вепсская возвышенность ; Veps : Vepsän ülüz ) is a hilly region of the East European Plain located in Vologda Oblast and Leningrad Oblast , Russia . Lake Onega

126-431: The most common tree, followed by silver birch , common aspen , and grey alder . The latter three species mainly grow in the areas damaged from timber logging in the 1950s. The reserve lies at the southernmost limit of the area where dwarf birch grows. As of 1988, 55 mammal species could be found in the reserve. These include Eurasian brown bear , lynx , red fox , moose , wild boar , and roe deer . Eurasian beaver

140-524: The nature reserve had to be established in the upper course of the Mezha. The nature reserve was established on 4 May 1930 and opened on 31 December 1931. It contained two parts, one at the current location and another one close to the Zemtsy railway station . The total area of the reserve was 350 square kilometres (140 sq mi). In 1951, the nature reserve was abolished, and timber production started. As

154-418: The north-west of central European Russia running north–south, about midway between Saint Petersburg and Moscow , spanning Leningrad , Novgorod , Tver , Pskov , and Smolensk Oblasts . The Valdai Hills are a popular tourist destination , particularly for fishing. The towns of Ostashkov and Valday are also known for their historical associations. Valdaysky National Park was established in 1990 in

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168-541: The southern part of Novgorod Oblast to protect the landscapes of the highest part of the hills. The park includes Lake Valdayskoye and the northern section of Lake Seliger, as well as the town of Valday. Since 2004, the National Park has the status of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve . The hills are a northward extension of the Central Russian Upland . To the northwest stretches the Vepsian Upland . The ridge

182-484: The western part of Vologda Oblast, as well as the Podporozhsky , Boksitogorsky and Tikhvinsky districts of the eastern side of Leningrad Oblast. The highest point is Malgora hill at 60°40′41″N 35°22′43″E  /  60.67806°N 35.37861°E  / 60.67806; 35.37861 . With a height of 304 metres (997 ft) above sea level, it is also the highest point of Vologda Oblast. Gapselga ,

196-464: Was reintroduced in 1936. There were 195 species of birds, 6 species of amphibians, and several reptile species as well. Field research aimed at establishing a nature reserve in Central Russia started in 1926. The area south of the current location of the nature reserve was designated, however, the nature reserve was not established, and timber companies quickly cut all the forest there, so that

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