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19-592: Chalkyitsik ( / ˌ t ʃ æ l k i ˈ ɪ t s ɪ k / CHAL -key- IT -sick ) ( Jałgiitsik in Gwich'in ), meaning "to fish with a hook, at the mouth of the creek", is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area , Alaska , United States. It is located on the left (south) bank of the Black River , 45 miles northeast of Fort Yukon . At the 2010 census the population

38-523: A Bible and a hymn book which was written in Gwichʼin in 1898. McDonald used English orthography as his model when representing Gwichʼin. This was unusual for missionaries at the time: other missionaries were translating the Bible from French into languages such as northern Slavey . After 1960, Wycliffe Bible translator Richard Mueller introduced a new modified spelling system. The purpose of his writing system

57-517: A big situation that had and do still cause cultural disruptions. There are two main dialects of Gwichʼin, eastern and western, which are delineated roughly at the Canada–US border . There are several dialects within these subgroupings, including Fort Yukon Gwichʼin, Arctic Village Gwichʼin, Western Canada Gwichʼin (Takudh, Tukudh, Loucheux), and Arctic Red River. Each village has unique dialect differences, idioms, and expressions. The Old Crow people in

76-543: A recognized language in 2014. The Gwich'in language is taught regularly at the Chief Zzeh Gittlit School in Old Crow, Yukon. Projects are underway to document the language and enhance the writing and translation skills of younger Gwich'in speakers. In one project, lead research associate and fluent speaker Gwichʼin elder Kenneth Frank works with linguists and young Gwich'in speakers affiliated with

95-584: A verb read from the right to left, so full understanding is obtained. In the PBS Kids television show Molly of Denali , the main character Molly comes from a family of Gwich'in background, and therefore uses words in the Gwich'in language such as 'Mahsi' Choo' throughout the show. Molly shares her Gwich'in background with the show's creative producer, Princess Daazhraii Johnson. Robert McDonald (missionary) Too Many Requests If you report this error to

114-418: A verb. A verb can be composed by using a stem, which is then accompanied by smaller word parts, i.e. prefixes. A prefix gives off a lot of information. It informs an individual about whether the word is in the past or present tense. A prefix can also inform the individual about the number of people participating. The stem can be found at the end of the word and the prefix follows right behind the stem when reading

133-423: Is water. Chalkystik has a bitter subarctic climate. Chalkyitsik has a continental subarctic climate ( Köppen climate classification Dwc ) with mild summers and cold winters. Precipitation is very low, but significantly higher in summer than at other times of the year. A weather station was operated from August 1962 to November 1972; the weather record is thus very sparse. Yukon Flats School District operates

152-645: The Alaska Native Language Center at the University of Alaska in Fairbanks to document traditional knowledge of caribou anatomy (Mishler and Frank 2020). Gwich’in is spoken by many First Nations and residential schools played a factor in creating a cultural disruption and a language shift. During the time that residential schools were open their main goal was to change the way indigenous communities operated entirely. Another goal of

171-534: The CDP was $ 11,509. There were 54.5% of families and 52.6% of the population living below the poverty line , including 100.0% of under eighteen and none of those over 64. The city is served by Chalkyitsik Airport with one commercial airline. With only 69 residents, Chalkytsik has one of the lowest per-airline averages of residents in the United States. Gwich%27in language The ejective affricate in

190-591: The Tsuk Taih School. Chalkyitsik first appeared as an unincorporated village on the 1930 U.S. Census under the name of Fishhook, which is the literal translation of the native name, not to be confused with the present census-designated place, Fishhook in the Matanuska-Susitna Borough . It appeared again in 1940, but failed to appear in 1950. It was returned in 1960 formally as Chalkyitsik, and has appeared on every successive census. It

209-808: The World's Languages in Danger, Gwichʼin is now "severely endangered." There are about 260 Gwichʼin speakers in Canada out of a total Gwichʼin population of 1,900. About 300 out of a total Alaska Gwichʼin population of 1,100 speak the language. In 1988, the NWT Official Languages Act named Gwich'in as an official language of the Northwest Territories, and the Official Languages of Alaska Law as amended declared Gwich'in

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228-419: The age of 18 living with them, 28.6% were married couples living together, 2.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.4% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.29. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.7% under

247-462: The age of 18, 13.3% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 14.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 137.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 185.7 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $ 16,250, and the median income for a family was $ 16,875. Males had a median income of $ 41,250 versus $ 13,750 for females. The per capita income for

266-404: The name Gwichʼin is usually written with symbol U+2019 ’ RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK , though the correct character for this use (with expected glyph and typographic properties) is U+02BC ʼ MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE . The missionary Robert McDonald first started working on the written representation of Van Tat and Dagoo dialects Gwichʼin. He also produced

285-608: The northern Yukon have approximately the same dialect as those bands living in Venetie and Arctic Village, Alaska . Gwich’in speakers located in Old Crow speak several dialects including Kâachik and Tâachik. They are spoken in Johnson Creek village. The consonants of Gwichʼin in the standard orthography are listed below (with IPA notation in brackets): A verb in Gwich’in contains smaller word parts that come together to make

304-515: The residential schools was to wipe out the indigenous culture and replace it with the European culture , also causing the indigenous children to abandon their heritage language. This process was done by taking the children away from their families and placing them in a school. Fortunately, the Gwich’in and the Dinjii Zhuh culture did survive the residential schools. Residential schools were

323-492: Was 69, down from 83 in 2000. Chalkyitsik is located at 66°39′6″N 143°43′38″W  /  66.65167°N 143.72722°W  / 66.65167; -143.72722 (66.651529, -143.727356). According to the United States Census Bureau , the CDP has a total area of 9.1 square miles (24 km), of which, 8.7 square miles (23 km) of it is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km) of it (3.76%)

342-448: Was made a census-designated place (CDP) in 1980. As of the census of 2000, there were 83 people, 35 households, and 17 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 9.5 inhabitants per square mile (3.7/km). There were 62 housing units at an average density of 7.1 per square mile (2.7/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 2.41% White and 97.59% Native American . There were 35 households, out of which 25.7% had children under

361-571: Was to better distinguish the sounds of the Gwichʼin language. Later on, Mueller's writing system was officially adopted by the Yukon Territory . The new writing system helped preserve the Gwichʼin language: previously, young people found it difficult to understand written Gwichʼin. Few Gwichʼin speak their heritage language as a majority of the population shifts to English. According to the UNESCO Interactive Atlas of

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