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56-801: The post of Chaplain-General in the British Army dates from 1796, when the Army Chaplains' Department was formed. During the First World War , the chaplain-general John Taylor Smith was equivalent to a major general and under the control of the Permanent Under-Secretary of State. Llewellyn Henry Gwynne was from July 1915 deputy chaplain-general of the army in France, with the relative rank of major-general. Both had been colonial bishops prior to appointment. In

112-550: A freedom of information request on Ministry of Defence spending on chaplaincy, the National Secular Society proposed that £22m of spending should come directly from churches while professional counselling should continue to be funded by the taxpayer, in order to better serve the non-religious in the military. The proposal was rejected by the Church of England . In September 2021, Defence Humanists , through

168-649: A "young British prince much admired by Estonians", adding the party "would be most honoured if you would accept this rare request". Buckingham Palace declined the offer, saying that it was "a charming idea but a rather unlikely one". Edward is a Royal Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter , an Extra Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle , a Knight Grand Cross of

224-458: A CF1) is sometimes ranked as a monsignor . Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh (Edward Antony Richard Louis; born 10 March 1964) is a member of the British royal family . He is the youngest child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh , and the youngest sibling of King Charles III . He was born 3rd in the line of succession to

280-599: A brief stint in the Royal Marines , he worked as a theatre production assistant at the Really Useful Theatre Company before assisting in television production. He later formed his own company, Ardent Productions. Edward stepped down from the company in 2002 to begin full-time duties as a working member of the royal family , and undertook engagements on behalf of his mother. He holds patronage with over 70 charities and organisations, including

336-691: A letter to newspaper editors, in which he denied any wedding plans and asked the media to respect their privacy. Edward proposed to Sophie on holiday in the Bahamas in December 1998 and their engagement was announced on 6 January 1999. Edward proposed to Sophie with an Asprey and Garrard engagement ring worth an estimated £105,000: a two-carat oval diamond flanked by two heart-shaped gemstones set in 18-carat white gold. Their wedding took place on 19 June 1999 in St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle . This

392-473: A member of one of the following denominational Christian groups, a member of World Faiths or a Non-religious Pastoral Provider: There are also religious advisors from other faiths. An Army chaplain is expected to minister to and provide pastoral care to any soldier who needs it, no matter their denomination or faith or lack of it. In 2004, Defence Minister Ivor Caplin said: “It is our aspiration to have armed forces which are representative of UK society as

448-534: A production assistant on musicals such as The Phantom of the Opera , Starlight Express , and Cats . While there he met actress Ruthie Henshall , whom he dated for three years. Edward's first foray into television production was the programme The Grand Knockout Tournament , informally known as It's a Royal Knockout , on 15 June 1987, in which four teams sponsored by him, his siblings Anne and Andrew, and Andrew's wife Sarah competed for charity. The programme

504-630: A range of selected partner charities, and will expand its remit beyond supporting children and young people. In July 2019, the Earl and Countess visited Forfar on their first official visit to the royal burgh since the Queen granted Prince Edward the additional title Earl of Forfar in March 2019. The Earl was presented with 'Earl of Forfar' tartan , which was designed by Forfar's Strathmore Woollen Company to celebrate their new titles. In 2020, he took over

560-604: A submission to the Government’s Integrated Review of foreign policy, defence, security and international development, called for an independent review of pastoral support for the armed forces which takes into account the nation’s changing religion and belief demographics and the need for a multi-faith and belief approach. In November 2023, the Ministry of Defence announced the intent to recruit Non-Religious Pastoral Support Officers into chaplaincy in order to reflect

616-437: A sudden placental abruption ; and James Mountbatten-Windsor (then Viscount Severn, now Earl of Wessex), born on 17 December 2007. Edward's children since 2023 are styled as the children of a duke , rather than as Prince/ss and Royal Highness . The family's country seat is Bagshot Park ; their office and official London residence is at Buckingham Palace . The Earl and Countess of Wessex established their foundation,

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672-639: A suffragan of the Archbishop of Canterbury , the full title of the Bishop to the Forces is "The Archbishop of Canterbury's Episcopal Representative to the Armed Forces". The Bishop to the Forces is not a military chaplain . The current holder of the office is Tim Thornton , Bishop at Lambeth . There is sometimes confusion between the (Anglican) "Bishop to the Forces" and the (Roman Catholic) "Bishop of

728-774: A trustee of the DofE since 1988 and of the International Award since 2006. Edward later went on to become Chair of trustees of the Duke of Edinburgh's International Award in 2015, and was named patron of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award in 2023. He has promoted the charity's work on different occasions. Edward is also a trustee of the International Award Association, which "encompasses the DofE UK and all its other 61 National Award Authorities across

784-780: A visit to sites affected by the volcanic eruptions in Montserrat. In 2013, the couple visited South Africa. The Queen appointed the Earl of Wessex as Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland for 2014. In 2015, for his contributions to projects associated with badminton, Edward was awarded the President's Medal by the Badminton World Federation President Poul-Erik Høyer . In May 2016,

840-479: A whole.” The move might also help when dealing with soldiers in other armies from different faiths. At the time there were about 740 personnel that declared themselves to be from the four other main religions, but only Christian chaplains are employed by the Ministry of Defence . The number of non religious Ministry of Defence personnel including those in uniform numbered in the tens of thousands. In 2011, following

896-567: Is an honorary member and patron respectively. The Earl and Countess of Wessex represented the Queen at the 50th Anniversary Celebrations of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah's Accession to the Throne of Brunei in October 2017. In February 2018, the Earl and Countess toured Sri Lanka , participating in the 70th Independence Day celebrations in Colombo . In April 2018, the Earl visited Australia to attend

952-717: Is the most recent child to be born to a reigning British monarch. His birth was the only one witnessed by his father. He was baptised on 2 May 1964 in the private chapel at Windsor Castle . As with his three older siblings, Charles , Anne , and Andrew , a governess was appointed to look after Edward and was responsible for his early education at Buckingham Palace before he attended Collingham College , Kensington (then known as Gibbs School). In September 1972, he joined Heatherdown School , near Ascot in Berkshire. Later, as his father and elder brothers had done before him, he moved to Gordonstoun in northern Scotland , where he

1008-524: Is where the money is". The criticism prompted him to issue a statement, clarifying "that offending the British public was the very last thing I would have wanted to do". In 2011, close associates of Jonathan Rees , a private investigator connected to the News International phone hacking scandal , stated that he had penetrated Edward and Sophie's bank accounts and sold details about them to

1064-552: The Sunday Mirror . Until his marriage, Edward was known as "His Royal Highness The Prince Edward". On 19 June 1999, he became "His Royal Highness The Earl of Wessex". Buckingham Palace announced the intention that Edward would eventually be created Duke of Edinburgh , a title then held by his father, Prince Philip, once it had merged in the Crown upon the death of both his parents. On 10 March 2019, his 55th birthday, Edward

1120-525: The British Army . The Army Chaplains' Department (AChD) was formed by Royal Warrant of 23 September 1796; until then chaplains had been part of individual regiments , but not on the central establishment. Only Anglican chaplains were recruited until 1827, when Presbyterians were recognised, but not commissioned until 1858. Roman Catholic chaplains were recruited from 1836, Methodist chaplains from 1881, and Jewish chaplains from 1892. During

1176-767: The Duke of Edinburgh's Award (DofE) scheme, attending Gold Award ceremonies around the world. In September 2007, the Earl visited Israel in his capacity as Chairman of the International Council of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award to attend a number of events organised by the Israel Youth Award program, an affiliate of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award . Edward was himself a recipient of the Award's gold medal in 1986 for "a 60-mile, four-day trek from Blair Atholl to Tomintoul " that he had planned. He has been

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1232-1029: The Edinburgh International Festival , the Royal Birmingham Conservatoire , the Production Guild, and the National Youth Theatre . The Earl of Wessex assumed many duties from his father, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, as Prince Philip reduced his commitments before retiring from royal duties. Prince Edward opened the 1990 Commonwealth Games in New Zealand and the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Malaysia and became vice-patron of Commonwealth Games Federation in 2006, picking up his father's ceremonial duties who had served as president. He has also taken over his father's role in

1288-650: The National Youth Theatre , the Sport and Recreation Alliance and the British Paralympic Association . His charity work focuses on the arts , athletics , and the development of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award , which centres around fitness, wellbeing and community service. Edward was given the title of Earl of Wessex prior to marrying Sophie Rhys-Jones in 1999. They have two children: Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor and James Mountbatten-Windsor, Earl of Wessex . Edward's mother conferred him

1344-465: The Second World War , the head of chaplaincy in the British Army was an ( Anglican ) chaplain-general, who was formally under the control of the Permanent Under-Secretary of State. An Assistant Chaplain-General was a Chaplain 1st class (full Colonel ) and a senior Chaplain was a Chaplain 2nd class ( Lieutenant Colonel ). In 1948 the first Bishop to the Forces was appointed; the Bishop is

1400-506: The University of St Andrews , which went against industry guidelines regarding the privacy of members of the royal family; William's father (Edward's elder brother Charles) was reportedly angered by the incident. In March 2002, Edward announced that he would step down as production director and joint managing director of Ardent to concentrate on his public duties and to support the Queen during her Golden Jubilee year. Ardent Productions

1456-546: The XXI Commonwealth Games and attend fundraising events for those participating in the Duke of Edinburgh Award challenges. Twenty years after its inception, the Wessex Youth Trust changed its name to the Earl and Countess of Wessex Charitable Trust, managed by the private office of the Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar. The trust will continue to develop sustainable relationships with

1512-485: The 12-month training. Media reported that Prince Philip, who was the Captain General Royal Marines , was displeased, but Prince Edward later said that his father had not put undue pressure on him to change his mind. Others stated that Philip was the most sympathetic family member toward his son's decision. Buckingham Palace said that Edward's decision came after "much consideration" and that he

1568-510: The Army in that they do not carry arms. Many chaplains have been decorated for bravery in action, including four awarded Victoria Crosses : James Adams , Noel Mellish , Theodore Hardy and William Addison . At services on formal occasions, chaplains wear their medals and decorations on their clerical robes. The RAChD's motto is " In this Sign Conquer " as seen in the sky before the Battle of

1624-428: The British throne and is now 14th. Born at Buckingham Palace during the reign of his mother, Edward studied at Heatherdown School and completed his A-Levels at Gordonstoun before spending part of his gap year teaching at Wanganui Collegiate School in New Zealand. He then went up to read history at Jesus College, Cambridge , graduating in 1986 with a Bachelor of Arts degree from Cambridge University . After

1680-476: The Earl visited Ghana . Alongside President Mahama, he presented young people with the Head of State Awards for their participation in the Duke of Edinburgh's International Award Scheme. In September 2016, Edward travelled to Chile as a part of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award's diamond anniversary, and visited projects by British and Commonwealth Fire and Rescue Company and Chilean-British Culture University, of which he

1736-747: The First World War some 4,400 Army Chaplains were recruited and 179 lost their lives on active service. The department received the "Royal" prefix in February 1919. During the Second World War another 96 British and 38 Commonwealth Army Chaplains lost their lives. From 1946 to 1996, the RAChD's Headquarters, Depot and Training Centre were at Bagshot Park in Surrey, now the home of The Duke and Duchess of Edinburgh . In 1996, they moved to

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1792-730: The Forces" : for this reason the latter is normally given his title in full, i.e. "The Roman Catholic Bishop of the Forces". Each of the three armed services has a chief chaplain (ranking as an archdeacon), for the navy the Chaplain of the Fleet , for the army the Chaplain-General, and for the Royal Air Force the Chaplain-in-Chief . The Museum of Army Chaplaincy holds archive material and information relating to

1848-757: The Grenadines, and Antigua and Barbuda to mark the Queen's Platinum Jubilee . Their planned visit to Grenada was postponed after talks with the island's government and governor-general , and the couple expressed their hopes to visit the country on a later date. In 2022 and in recognition of his role as patron of the Production Guild, the Earl of Wessex Award was created as part of the Guild's inaugural Talent Showcase to recognise UK film and TV organisations who have created "a successful way of inspiring local talent or skills, widening access or being more inclusive." After he

1904-856: The Milvian Bridge by the Roman Emperor Constantine. Its regimental march , both quick and slow, is the Prince of Denmark's March , erroneously known as the Trumpet Voluntary . The Royal Army Chaplains' Museum is at Shrivenham, in a new building opened by the Countess of Wessex on 17 May 2022. Its newly curated collection replaced the Museum of Army Chaplaincy which was at Amport House near Andover, Hampshire until 2019. Chaplains are either classified as Jewish,

1960-534: The United States and a documentary Edward made about his great-uncle Edward VIII (the late Duke of Windsor) in 1996 sold well worldwide. Nonetheless, the company reported losses every year it operated, with the exception of one when Edward did not draw a salary. An Ardent two-man film crew later allegedly invaded the privacy of Edward's nephew, Prince William , in September 2001, when he was studying at

2016-784: The Wessex Youth Trust, in 1999, with a focus on helping, supporting and advancing registered charities which provide opportunities specifically for children and young people. His patronages include: the British Paralympic Association , the International Real Tennis Professionals Association, the Commonwealth Games Federation , BadmintonScotland , the Tennis and Rackets Association , City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra and Chorus, London Mozart Players , Haddo House Choral and Operatic Society, Northern Ballet ,

2072-471: The additional title of Earl of Forfar in 2019. On Edward's 59th birthday in 2023, his brother Charles III granted him the title Duke of Edinburgh as a life peerage , a dukedom previously held by their father, who died in 2021, then briefly by Charles himself. Prince Edward was born at 8:20 p.m. on 10 March 1964 at Buckingham Palace , London, as the third son and the fourth and youngest child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh . He

2128-671: The changing demographics of the United Kingdom and HM Forces. Serving regular chaplains in the British Army can be Catholic, one of several Protestant denominations, or to the Jewish faith. Uniquely within the Army, the Royal Army Chaplains' Department has different cap badges for its Christian and Jewish officers. Army chaplains, although they are all commissioned officers of the British Army and wear uniform, do not have executive authority. They are unique within

2184-556: The changing demographics of the United Kingdom and HM Forces. The armed forces of the Netherlands have had Humanist chaplains since 1964, known as Humanist Counseling in the Dutch Armed Forces . Chaplains are the only British Army officers who do not carry standard officer ranks. They are instead designated Chaplain to the Forces (CF) (e.g. "The Reverend John Smith CF"). They do, however, have grades which equate to

2240-580: The globe". He was also Chairman of the DofE's international council and in 1999 founded the International Special Projects Group "to provide a capital fund to broaden the reach of the Award". In 2018, Edward, as patron of the Tennis and Rackets Association, played on all 50 real tennis courts around the world and raised over £2 million for the Duke of Edinburgh's Award scheme. In June 2011, Edward visited Baltimore to meet

2296-641: The history of the Chaplains General to the British Army both past and present. Chaplain General is also used as a term outside the Anglican Church, referring to the senior chaplain in a nation's military (sometimes called the Chief of Chaplains , as in the United States military ). Some nations, like South Africa , Israel , and Canada , have one Chaplain General or Chief of Chaplains for

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2352-507: The jewels to be sold, and the proceeds used for the benefit of the Bahraini people . In February and March 2012, the couple visited the Caribbean for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee . The itinerary consisted of Saint Lucia ; Barbados , Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ; Grenada ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Montserrat ; Saint Kitts and Nevis ; Anguilla ; Antigua and Barbuda . Highlights included Independence Day celebrations in Saint Lucia, addressing Senate and Assembly of Barbados jointly, and

2408-404: The joint service Armed Forces Chaplaincy Centre at Amport House near Andover , Hampshire. Since 2020 the joint centre has been based at Beckett House , part of the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, just outside Shrivenham , Oxfordshire. In November 2023, the Ministry of Defence announced the intent to recruit Non-Religious Pastoral Support Officers into chaplaincy in order to reflect

2464-410: The military as a whole; others, like the United States , have one for each branch of the armed forces; while others have one for each major religion or faith group represented among its military personnel. Royal Army Chaplains%27 Department#List of Chaplains General The Royal Army Chaplains' Department ( RAChD ) is an all-officer department that provides ordained clergy to minister to

2520-479: The patronage of London Youth from his father who had held the position for 73 years. In February 2022, Edward was appointed president of the Royal Windsor Horse Show , a position previously held by his father Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh . In the following month, he visited Kenya to oversee the progress of the Duke of Edinburgh's International Award in the country. In April 2022, the Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar toured Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and

2576-439: The standard ranks and wear the insignia of the equivalent rank. Chaplains are usually addressed as "Padre" / ˈ p ɑː d r eɪ / , never by their nominal military rank. The senior Church of England chaplain is ranked within the church hierarchy as an archdeacon , and he or she holds the appointment of Archdeacon for the Army whether or not he or she is also the Chaplain-General . The senior Roman Catholic Chaplain (usually

2632-462: The students and staff of the Living Classrooms Foundation and encourage them to participate in the Duke of Edinburgh's Award's programme. In December 2011, the Earl and Countess of Wessex visited troops in Afghanistan. On the same trip, the royal couple visited Bahrain , and received two gifts of jewels from the Bahraini royal family and Prime Minister . Given concern about human rights abuses in Bahrain, this gift attracted controversy, with calls for

2688-445: The university despite poor A-Level results caused some comment. Edward graduated in 1986 with a Bachelor of Arts degree ( Lower Second Hons ). After graduating in 1986, Edward joined the Royal Marines , who had reportedly sponsored his tuition at Cambridge on condition of future service. He had signed up to join the Royal Marines in September 1983. In January 1987, he dropped out of the commando course having completed one-third of

2744-579: Was a departure from the weddings of his elder brothers, which were large, formal events at Westminster Abbey or St Paul's Cathedral , and had ended in divorce. On his wedding day, Prince Edward was created Earl of Wessex , with the subsidiary title of Viscount Severn (alluding to the Welsh roots of the Countess's family), breaking from a tradition whereby sons of the sovereign were created royal dukes . Sophie had an ectopic pregnancy in 2001. Edward and Sophie have two children: Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor , born prematurely on 8 November 2003 due to

2800-633: Was accused in the media of using his royal connections for financial gain, and the company was referred to by some industry insiders as "a sad joke" due to a perceived lack of professionalism in its operations. Andy Beckett , writing in The Guardian , opined that "to watch Ardent's few dozen hours of broadcast output is to enter a strange kingdom where every man in Britain still wears a tie, where pieces to camera are done in cricket jumpers, where people clasp their hands behind their backs like guardsmen. Commercial breaks are filled with army recruiting advertisements". Ardent's productions were better received in

2856-426: Was appointed head boy in his last term. Edward obtained a C-grade in English and two D-grades in history and politics at A-level , and after leaving school spent a gap year abroad, working as a house tutor and junior master for two terms at the Wanganui Collegiate School in New Zealand. Upon his return to the United Kingdom, Edward studied at Jesus College, Cambridge , where he read history. His admission to

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2912-570: Was created Duke of Edinburgh on his 59th birthday, Edward and Sophie visited Edinburgh to meet with members of the Ukrainian and Eastern European communities in the city, some of whom were displaced following the Russian invasion of Ukraine . Edward became patron of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award upon being raised to the dukedom. In 1999, Edward was criticised by Labour MPs John Cryer and Lindsay Hoyle for comments he made during an interview with The New York Times , in which he stated that in Britain "They hate anyone who succeeds" and "America

2968-401: Was criticised by the media and the public, and it was later reported that the Queen was not in favour of the event, with her courtiers having advised against it. The programme raised over £1,500,000 for its selected charities. In 1993, Edward founded the television production company Ardent Productions. Ardent was involved in the production of a number of documentaries and dramas, but Edward

3024-519: Was granted the additional title of Earl of Forfar for use in Scotland . On his 59th birthday, 10 March 2023, Edward was created Duke of Edinburgh, thus becoming "His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh". His ducal title is not hereditary, so it will revert to the crown on his death. In 1994, the Independent Royalist Party of Estonia , aspiring to make Estonia a monarchy, sent a letter to Queen Elizabeth II requesting permission to crown Prince Edward as King of Estonia. The letter had called Edward

3080-425: Was leaving with great regret "but has concluded that he does not wish to make the service his long-term career". After leaving military service, Edward opted to pursue a career in entertainment. He commissioned the 1986 musical Cricket from Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice , for his mother's 60th birthday celebration, which led to a job offer at Lloyd Webber's Really Useful Theatre Company , where he worked as

3136-434: Was voluntarily dissolved in June 2009, with assets reduced to just £40. Edward met Sophie Rhys-Jones for the first time in 1987 when he was dating her friend. They met again at a promotion shoot for the Prince Edward Summer Challenge to raise money for charity in 1993, and the two began their relationship soon afterwards. In December 1993 and amid growing speculation about whether they were planning to marry, Edward wrote

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