26-559: Charles Murray may refer to: Politicians [ edit ] Charles Murray, 1st Earl of Dunmore (1661–1710), British peer Charles Murray (author and diplomat) (1806–1895), British author and diplomat Charles Murray, 7th Earl of Dunmore (1841–1907), Scottish peer and Conservative politician Charles James Murray (1851–1929), British politician Charles Murray, Lord Murray (1866–1936), Scottish Conservative politician, lawyer and judge Charles Murray Turpin (1878–1946), member of
52-515: A few barons , the great officers of state and royal household , and clerks, secretaries and other special counsellors (often friars and literate knights ). It was capable of drafting legislative acta —administrative orders issued as letters patent or letters close . During the reign of Henry III ( r. 1216–1272 ), a major theme of politics was the composition of the king's council. Barons frequently complained that they were inadequately represented, and efforts were made to change
78-430: A smaller council the curia was in constant session and in direct contact with the king. Originally, important legal cases were heard coram rege (Latin for "in the presence of the king himself"). But the growth of the royal justice system under Henry II ( r. 1154–1189 ) required specialization, and the judicial functions of the curia regis were delegated to two courts sitting at Westminster Hall :
104-456: The Court of King's Bench and the Court of Common Pleas . By 1237, the curia regis had formally split into two separate councils–the king's council and Parliament ; though, they had long been separate in practice. The king's council was "permanent, advisory, and executive". It managed day to day government and included the king's ministers and closest advisers. Its members always included
130-585: The House of Lords and the House of Commons , together with leading churchmen, judges, diplomats and military leaders. The Privy Council of England was a powerful institution, advising the sovereign on the exercise of the royal prerogative and on the granting of royal charters . It issued executive orders known as Orders in Council and also had judicial functions. In 1708, the Privy Council of England
156-817: The Kingdom of Great Britain , the English privy council was abolished by the Parliament of Great Britain and thereafter there was one Privy Council of Great Britain sitting in London. Nevertheless, long after the Act of Union 1800 the Kingdom of Ireland retained the Privy Council of Ireland , which came to an end only in 1922, when Southern Ireland separated from the United Kingdom, to be succeeded by
182-469: The Privy Council of Northern Ireland . The sovereign, when acting on the council's advice, was known as the " King-in-Council " or "Queen-in-Council". The members of the council were collectively known as "The Lords of His [or Her] Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council", or sometimes "The Lords and others of ..."). The chief officer of the body was the Lord President of the Council , one of
208-508: The Legislative Council of Hong Kong Charles Wyndham Murray (1844–1928), British Army officer and politician See also [ edit ] Charlie Murray (disambiguation) Chic Murray (Charles Murray, 1919–1985), Scottish comic [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
234-673: The Privy Council of England for more than a hundred years after the Union of the Crowns. By the end of the English Civil War , the monarchy, House of Lords and Privy Council had been abolished. A new government, the English Commonwealth , was established. The remaining house of Parliament, the House of Commons , instituted a Council of State to execute laws and to direct administrative policy. The forty-one members of
260-599: The Protector's Privy Council; its members were appointed by the Lord Protector, subject to Parliament's approval. In 1659, shortly before the restoration of the monarchy , the Protector's Council was abolished. Charles II restored the royal Privy Council, but he, like previous Stuart monarchs, chose to rely on a small committee of advisers. In 1708, one year after the Treaty and Acts of Union of 1707 created
286-604: The U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania Ed Murray (Tennessee politician) (Charles Edward Murray, 1928–2009), US politician, who was speaker of the Tennessee House of Representatives Writers [ edit ] Charles Murray (poet) (1864–1941), poet who wrote in the Doric dialect of Scots Charles Shaar Murray (born 1951), English rock music writer Entertainers [ edit ] Charles Murray (American actor) (1872–1941), American actor from
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#1732771819174312-504: The body to circumvent the courts and Parliament. For example, a committee of the council – which later became the Court of the Star Chamber – was during the fifteenth century permitted to inflict any punishment except death, without being bound by normal court procedure. During Henry VIII's reign, the sovereign, on the advice of the council, was allowed to enact laws by mere proclamation. The legislative pre-eminence of Parliament
338-485: The council were elected by the Commons; the body was headed by Oliver Cromwell , the de facto military dictator of the nation. In 1653, however, Cromwell became Lord Protector , and the Council was reduced to between thirteen and twenty-one members, all elected by the Commons. In 1657, the Commons granted Cromwell even greater powers, some of which were reminiscent of those enjoyed by monarchs. The council became known as
364-674: The council's membership. At the Oxford Parliament of 1258 , reformers forced a reluctant Henry to accept the Provisions of Oxford , which vested royal power in an elected council of fifteen barons. However, these reforms were ultimately overturned with the king's victory in the Second Barons War . The council of Edward I ( r. 1272–1307 ) played a major role in drafting and proposing legislation to Parliament for ratification. Powerful sovereigns often used
390-480: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_Murray&oldid=1231237424 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Charles Murray, 1st Earl of Dunmore Charles Murray, 1st Earl of Dunmore PC (24 February 1661 – 19 April 1710)
416-502: The reign of Elizabeth I , gaining political experience, so that there were real differences between the Privy Council of the 1560s and that of the 1600s. Elizabeth I was succeeded by James I , who was already King James VI of Scotland. James' accession marked the Union of the Crowns of England and Scotland; however, the two kingdoms continued to have separate privy councils. The Privy Council of Scotland continued in existence along with
442-607: The reign of the House of Normandy , the English monarch was advised by a curia regis ( Latin for "royal court"), which consisted of magnates , clergy and officers of the Crown . This body originally concerned itself with advising the sovereign on legislation, administration and justice. At certain times, the curia was enlarged by a general summons of magnates (the "great council" or magnum concilium in Latin), but as
468-941: The silent era, also called Charlie Murray Charles Murray (Scottish actor) (1754–1821), Scottish actor and dramatist Others [ edit ] Charles P. Murray Jr. (1921–2011), American soldier and Medal of Honor recipient Charles Murray (political scientist) (born 1943), American policy writer, co-wrote The Bell Curve and Losing Ground Charles Murray (boxer) (born 1968), American boxer, former Light Welterweight Champion Charles Murray (bishop) (1889–1950), Anglican Bishop of Riverina, Australia Charles Murray (trade unionist) (died 1889), British trade unionist and socialist activist Charles Fairfax Murray (1849–1919), English painter, dealer, collector, benefactor and art historian Charles I. Murray (1896–1977), United States Marine Corps general Charles Oliver Murray (1842–1923), Scottish engraver Charles Wilson Murray (1820–1873), English businessman and member of
494-558: Was a British peer , previously Lord Charles Murray . Lord Charles Murray was born on 24 February 1661. He was the second son of Lady Amelia Anne Sophia Stanley and John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl , a leading Scottish royalist and defender of the Stuarts during the English Civil War of the 1640s, until after the rise to power of William and Mary . His elder brother John Murray , who inherited their father's marquessate in May 1703,
520-612: Was a Colonel in the Scots Greys before rising to become a general in the British Army . He was created Earl of Dunmore and Lord Murray of Blair, Moulin and Tillimet , and Viscount of Fincastle , all on 16 August 1686 in the Peerage of Scotland . Lord Dunmore was imprisoned as a suspected Jacobite in 1689, again, in 1692, and lastly in 1696. Nevertheless, he served as Master of Horse to Princesses Mary and Anne . He
546-494: Was a grandfather of William Cochrane, 5th Earl of Dundonald , Lady Anne Cochrane (who married James Hamilton, 5th Duke of Hamilton ), Lady Susan Cochrane (wife of Charles Lyon, 6th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne , and, after his death, George Forbes, Master of the Horse , to Prince Charles Edward Stuart ), and Lady Catherine Cochrane (wife of Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway ). Through his daughter Lady Catherine, he
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#1732771819174572-445: Was a grandfather of one grandson who survived infancy, John Murray (father of William Murray Nairne, 5th Lord Nairne ). Privy Council of England The Privy Council of England , also known as His (or Her ) Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council ( Latin : concilium familiare, concilium privatum et assiduum ), was a body of advisers to the sovereign of the Kingdom of England . Its members were often senior members of
598-511: Was abolished and replaced by the Privy Council of Great Britain . According to the Oxford dictionary the definition of the word "privy" in Privy Council is an obsolete one meaning "Of or pertaining exclusively to a particular person or persons; one's own", insofar as the council is personal to the sovereign. During the reign of Elizabeth I , the council is recorded under the title "The Queens Majesties Most Honourable Privy-Council". During
624-441: Was appointed Privy Counsellor in 1703. On 8 December 1682, Murray married Catherine Watts, daughter and heiress of Richard Watts of Great Munden , Hertfordshire . Together they had five sons and three daughters: Lord Dunmore died on 19 April 1710 and was succeeded by his son, John , as his eldest son, James, who was styled Viscount Fincastle, had died unmarried and without issue in 1704. Through his daughter Lady Anne, he
650-543: Was created 1st Duke of Atholl in June 1703. Among his younger brothers were Lord James Murray and William Murray, 2nd Lord Nairne . His maternal grandparents were John Murray, 1st Earl of Atholl and Jean Campbell (a daughter of Sir Duncan Campbell, 1st Baronet ). His maternal grandparents were James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby and Charlotte de La Trémoille (a daughter of Claude de La Trémoille, duc de Thouars and Countess Charlotte Brabantina of Nassau ). By 1685, he
676-411: Was not restored until after Henry VIII's death. Though the royal council retained legislative and judicial responsibilities, it became a primarily administrative body. By the end of the six year reign of Edward VI in 1553, the council consisted of forty members. but the sovereign relied on a smaller committee, which later evolved into the modern Cabinet . The council developed significantly during
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