A freehold , in common law jurisdictions such as England and Wales , Australia , Canada , Ireland , and twenty states in the United States , is the common mode of ownership of real property , or land, and all immovable structures attached to such land.
33-470: Chelsea Pitch Owners plc is a nonprofit organisation which is part of Chelsea Football Club, tasked with the upkeep of the stadium. It owns both the freehold of the Stamford Bridge stadium and the naming rights of Chelsea Football Club . Chelsea suffered serious financial troubles during the 1970s and 1980s following a large-scale attempt to renovate Stamford Bridge. The financial crisis and
66-515: A hotel, while the former warehouse is used as a parking structure. The inaugural concert was held in January 2017. Source: There have been a lot of discussions about whether Herzog & de Meuron has a specific style. Even though people have tried to describe an 'H&dM style', the office always declines to have one: In an interview, founding partner Jacques Herzog stated that Herzog & de Meuron "never aspired to anything that might be called
99-565: A leasehold) could quite easily be acquired by squatting before the Land Registration Act 2002 . Since its passage such rights are dominated by precisely fixing on the line of neighbouring plots in mutual-boundary disputes, after 12 years without formal contest. This is as there is otherwise a requirement to put the previous legal owner on written notice – which must have been received, or deemed received such as by recorded delivery, and be given fair opportunity to object. It
132-459: A mortgage or other secured lender, under the Land Registration Act 2002 . Trustees are bound by the terms of the trust, but the strict rules and maxims of equity and by any decision formally made by all of the adult beneficiaries . Inequities the Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996 (TLATA) resolved included the fact that it was hard to establish a trust without it coming under
165-482: A proposal to buy back the freehold land (owned by CPO) on which the football stadium at Stamford Bridge sits, which would pave the way for a move to a new ground. Chelsea chairman Bruce Buck , said: "Chelsea should always be grateful to those who invested in CPO. We know only too well how close the club came to losing our home prior to the formation of CPO, but that threat has now gone under Mr Abramovich 's ownership and with
198-446: A subsequent change of ownership at the club culminated in the sale of the club's freehold to property developers Marler Estates (and subsequently Cabra Estates). The move almost saw Chelsea lose the stadium. The future of the stadium (and hence the club) was only secured in 1992, when the property developers were bankrupted by a market crash , allowing the then-chair Ken Bates to do a deal with their bankers and to regain control of
231-542: A typical style of our own. […] To this day, we do not want to [design a series] of iconic buildings that would instantly communicate "Herzog & de Meuron" – as opposed to the new, specific location that can be created and communicated by a building. In that respect it's not wise to represent a style or a certain taste. We say that over and over again not out of modesty or to castigate ourselves but because we want to maintain our independence and because we are curious about new possibilities." Their recent work at Prada Tokyo,
264-493: Is a Swiss architecture firm headquartered in Basel (Switzerland), founded by Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron. In addition to their architectural practice, Herzog and de Meuron served as professors at ETH Zürich from 1999 to 2018, where they co-founded ETH Studio Basel in 1999 alongside architects Roger Diener and Marcel Meili within the department of architecture. They have also held teaching roles as visiting professors at
297-467: Is also more easily applicable to unregistered land, which is the status of a tiny number of parcels of non-agricultural freehold land in England. More than one legal owner means the land is deemed to be on trust. This doctrine is designed to bind the parties to act fairly to each other in the eyes of the law of equity . In default of other provision, such as mention of a trust deed, or background facts,
330-565: The Barcelona Forum Building , and the Beijing National Stadium for the 2008 Olympic Games suggest a changing attitude. The shapes and forms of some of the works suggest art glass and objects d'art that one would see on a coffee table, like an art deco ashtray or quirky container for chocolates – a building becomes a blown-up version of desk art because the computer can do it, mimic the plasticity of
363-731: The Harvard University Graduate School of Design , with Jacques Herzog serving as a visiting tutor at the Cornell University College of Architecture, Art, and Planning . Herzog & de Meuron was founded in Basel in 1978. In 2001, Herzog & de Meuron were awarded the Pritzker Prize , the highest honor in architecture. Jury chairman J. Carter Brown commented, "One is hard put to think of any architects in history that have addressed
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#1732776857130396-438: The integument of architecture with greater imagination and virtuosity", in reference to HdM's use of exterior materials and treatments, such as silkscreened glass. Architecture critic and Pritzker juror Ada Louise Huxtable summarized HdM's approach stating, "They refine the traditions of modernism to elemental simplicity while transforming materials and surfaces through the exploration of new treatments and techniques." The firm
429-470: The Bridge and I should be clear that we have not identified a site for a new stadium elsewhere." The proposal was brought in a general CPO meeting on 27 October 2011 but failed to pass as only 61.6% of the total votes were cast in favour of the proposal, below the 75% minimum requirement. In May 2012, Chelsea Football Club confirmed that they had lodged a bid to buy the site of Battersea Power Station , with
462-490: The CPO structure in place we cannot plan with certainty for the future. I hope all shareholders vote in favour of the proposal." Chelsea chief executive Ron Gourlay said: "I am sure all Chelsea fans have enjoyed the football and success we have witnessed at Stamford Bridge since 2003 and Chelsea Football Club and Mr Abramovich are determined to ensure that the club continues to compete at the highest level of world football." He added: "We continue to look at options for expanding
495-524: The auspices of the Settled Land Act 1925 . That earlier Act brought a range of problems. In particular, the co-owners of property were regarded as having beneficial interests in money and not in the land. Problems arose where partners disagreed over when they wanted to sell a property – usually in the case of separation. This led to situations where spouses and children could find themselves removed from their customary home inequitably. One of
528-412: The beneficiaries will be deemed to be the trustees (those named on the registered title) themselves. If a trustee dies then the statutory trustees take their place, or those appointed by a probated Will. Similarly if a company is wound up then the right to act as the trustee and be registered as a legal trustee vests in the liquidator. As regards third parties interesting in lending against or purchasing
561-500: The body " or "heirs of the blood"). There were also freehold estates not of inheritance, such as an estate for life and copyhold was promoted into freehold by the Act. All estates can be subject to payments to an influential prior owner – or land management person or body for multi-property (communal) benefit (estate rentcharges). The most viable form is the form for a neutral or pre-agreed source to collect communal benefit payments,
594-437: The estate rentcharge . Either type is usually protected by registering the deed of rentcharge against the land. They can be extinguished by a compensation-based statutory procedure, which removes the regular administrative burden on both parties. Estate rentcharges are potentially subject to abuse, known as " fleecehold ". Any existing rentcharges other than estate rentcharges will be extinguished on 22 August 2037. Should
627-400: The first team play their home matches at Stamford Bridge. This means that should Chelsea move to another stadium in the future, they would not be able to use the name Chelsea Football Club without permission from 75% of CPO shareholders. The company is a non-profit organisation and is not listed on any stock exchange . Its purpose is to raise the money needed to pay off the loan and then lease
660-483: The freehold back to the club, on the strictly-defined proviso that the ground may only be used for football purposes. Fans are encouraged to purchase shares to secure the club's future. As of 2023, around 23,000 CPO shares have been sold, and approximately £2 million of the debt has been paid off. Former club captain John Terry is the current president of the CPO. On 3 October 2011 Chelsea Football Club made
693-418: The freehold to Chelsea Pitch Owners, the intention was to ensure that Stamford Bridge could never again be sold to property developers. Irrespective of how many shares are owned by an individual, voting rights are limited to 100 per shareholder to prevent any one person or organisation gaining control of CPO. CPO also owns the name Chelsea Football Club Ltd, which is licensed back to the club on condition that
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#1732776857130726-552: The interviewer, to which Jacques Herzog responded that the influence of the architect on the construction process is declining rapidly. On the other hand, some scholars, such as Deyan Sudjic , have stated that the very building of the stadium sent a signal from the Western architecture firm to the Chinese government to change societal norms. However, others have argued that this statement would go with any stadium design, decreasing
759-575: The key features of TLATA is its imposition of statutory considerations to be taken into account when dealing with the disposition of trusts and ordering a sale of a family home. St John's Cathedral is the only freehold land in Hong Kong, with a statutory requirement that the land must be used for religious purposes of the Church of England. All other lands are granted in leasehold. Herzog %26 de Meuron Herzog & de Meuron Basel Ltd.
792-428: The land the general doctrine helping them is the bona fide purchaser without actual nor constructive notice doctrine. This is however subject to all of the prudent surveyors, conveyancer's and physical checks having been carried out well which is formulated in the countering doctrine of caveat emptor (buyer beware). A beneficiary in patent actual possession can still enjoy rights as against a purchaser, or more commonly
825-521: The medium, and make it possible as a feat of engineering. Herzog & de Meuron have faced criticism for their vision for migrant workers in Beijing during the construction of the Beijing National Stadium . In a July 2008 interview with the German magazine Der Spiegel , Jacques Herzog was criticised for not having done more to ensure the conditions under which migrant workers constructed the stadium by
858-515: The owner be guaranteed to benefit or wish to benefit from a communal infrastructure that requires maintenance, not funded by taxation, then Halsall v Brizell (regarding an estuary wall) and Re Ellenborough Park (regarding a communal garden) confirm that in those circumstances positive covenants run with freehold land. This means active duties to pay can exist – in very closely analogous cases – but are otherwise generally void as to freeholds. Freeholds (rather leaseholds if subject to
891-582: The possibility of the club relocating to a 60,000-seater capacity stadium. Chairman Bruce Buck did concede that there were "a number of hurdles to jump," including "winning the support of our fans, the CPO shareholders and local Wandsworth residents [near the Battersea site], as well as securing the approval of Wandsworth Council, the Greater London Authority and heritage authorities." The Battersea Power Station proposal did not proceed, with
924-437: The renovation of the stadium. Freehold (law) It is in contrast to a leasehold , in which the property reverts to the owner of the land after the lease period expires or otherwise lawfully terminates. For an estate to be a freehold, it must possess two qualities: immobility (property must be land or some interest issuing out of or annexed to land) and ownership of it must be forever ("of an indeterminate duration"). If
957-478: The site redeveloped for residential and commercial uses. In December 2015 Chelsea announced intention to build a 60,000-seater stadium at Stamford Bridge to a design by Herzog & de Meuron . Planning permission was achieved in 2017, In May 2018, the club announced suspension of the rebuild due to the "unfavourable investment climate." In July 2022 it was reported that the club's new owner Todd Boehly had appointed American architect Janet Marie Smith to oversee
990-547: The stadium for the football club. Following this, Chelsea Pitch Owners was created, and in 1997 it purchased the Stamford Bridge freehold, the turnstiles, the pitch and the Chelsea FC name with the aid of a non-recourse loan of £10 million from Chelsea Village plc, the parent company of the club. CPO in turn granted the club a 199-year lease on Stamford Bridge at a peppercorn rent. In granting control of
1023-453: The time of ownership can be fixed and determined, it cannot be a freehold. It is "An estate in land held in fee simple , fee tail or for term of life." The default position subset is the perpetual freehold , which is "an estate given to a grantee for life, and then successively to the grantee's heirs for life." In England and Wales, before the Law of Property Act 1925 , the default position
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1056-605: Was listed as "one of the most admired design companies in the world" in The New York Times Magazine in 2006." As part of the urban development project known as HafenCity, the Hamburg government approved the construction of the Elbe Philharmonic designed by Herzog & de Meuron. On a former warehouse in the port of Hamburg, rises a huge glass sail that houses a large concert hall, offices, and
1089-416: Was of a freehold transferable to the owner's " heirs and assigns " (successors by inheritance, or purchase/gift, respectively). Those three words were often included in a conveyance to stress fee simple status. A fee simple estate. A fee tail estate describes when transfer (by inheritance or otherwise) was limited to lineal descendants of the first person to whom the estate was given (known as " heirs of
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