45-450: Chermside may refer to: People [ edit ] Herbert Chermside (1850–1929), British general and governor of Queensland, Australia Robert Alexander Chermside (1792–1860), British physician Places [ edit ] Chermside, Queensland , a major suburb of the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Chermside bus station ,
90-540: A bus station at Chermside, Queensland, Australia Westfield Chermside , a large shopping centre in Queensland, Australia Chermside West, Queensland , a suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Electoral district of Chermside , an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in Queensland, Australia Electoral results for the district of Chermside Topics referred to by
135-433: A consul is a consulate and is usually subordinate to the state's main representation in the capital of that foreign country (host state), usually an embassy or – between Commonwealth countries – high commission . Like the terms embassy or high commission , consulate may refer not only to the office of consul, but also to the building occupied by the consul and their staff. The consulate may share premises with
180-442: A consulate general and is a consul of the highest rank serving at a particular location. A consul general may also be responsible for consular districts which contain other, subordinate consular offices within a country. The consul general serves as a representative of their state in the country where they are located, although ultimate jurisdiction over the right to speak on behalf of a home country within another country belongs to
225-495: A government's diplomatic corps or foreign service , and thus enjoys certain privileges and protections in the host state, albeit without full diplomatic immunity . Unlike an ambassador , who serves as the single representative of one government to another, a state may appoint several consuls in a foreign nation, typically in major cities; consuls are usually tasked with providing assistance in bureaucratic issues to both citizens of their own country traveling or living abroad and to
270-564: A minor power may accredit a single ambassador with several neighbouring states of modest relative importance that are not considered important allies). Consuls are posted in a nation's capital, and in other cities throughout that country, especially centres of economic activity and cities with large populations of expatriates . In the United States for example, most countries have a consulate-general in New York City (the home of
315-601: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Herbert Chermside Lieutenant-General Sir Herbert Charles Chermside , GCMG , CB (31 July 1850 – 24 September 1929) was a British Army officer who served as Governor of Queensland from 1902 to 1904. Chermside was born in the town of Wilton in Wiltshire on 31 July 1850. His parents were Rev. Richard Seymour Conway Chermside, rector of Wilton and son of Sir Robert Alexander Chermside, and Emily Dawson. He
360-491: Is not admitted publicly, consulates, like embassies, may also gather intelligence information from the assigned country. Contrary to popular belief, many of the staff of consulates may be career diplomats, but they do not generally have diplomatic immunity unless they are also accredited as such. Immunities and privileges for consuls and accredited staff of consulates ( consular immunity ) are generally limited to actions undertaken in their official capacity and, with respect to
405-563: The Arctic in 1873. In 1876, Chermside was sent to Ottoman Turkey to work with the Turkish forces after Serbia and Montenegro declared war on the country in July. He was working as a military attaché to Turkey in 1877, when Russia also declared war. After six months with the Turkish boundary commission, he was appointed Military Vice Consul to Anatolia in July 1879. In 1882, Chermside
450-552: The United Nations ), and some have consulates-general in other major cities . Consulates are subordinate posts of their home country's diplomatic mission (typically an embassy , in the capital city of the host country). Diplomatic missions are established in international law under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations , while consulates-general and consulates are established in international law under
495-490: The Vienna Convention on Consular Relations . Formally, at least within the US system, the consular career (ranking in descending order: consul-general, consul, vice-consul, honorary consul) forms a different hierarchy from the diplomats in the strict sense. However, it is common for individuals to be transferred from one hierarchy to the other, and for consular officials to serve in a capital carrying out strictly consular duties within
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#1732791467467540-471: The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations , there are few formal requirements outlining what a consular official must do. For example, for some countries, consular officials may be responsible for the issue of visas; other countries may limit "consular services" to providing assistance to compatriots, legalization of documents, etc. Nonetheless, consulates proper will be headed by consuls of various ranks, even if such officials have little or no connection with
585-441: The consular section of a diplomatic post, e.g., within an embassy. Between Commonwealth countries, both diplomatic and consular activities may be undertaken by a High Commission in the capital, although larger Commonwealth nations generally also have consulates and consulates-general in major cities. For example, Toronto , Sydney and Auckland are of greater economic importance than their respective national capitals, hence
630-718: The Australian commission had been renamed the consulate-general in 1986. Owing to Hong Kong's status as a special administrative region of China , some countries' consulates-general in Hong Kong report directly to their respective foreign ministries , rather than to their embassies in Beijing , such as those of Canada , the United Kingdom and the United States . Some consuls are not career officials of
675-987: The British troops there and serving as military commissioner from 1896. In 1899 Chermside returned to Britain, but was soon sent to South Africa to command the 14th Brigade and the 3rd Division during the Second Boer War . He was back in the United Kingdom to take up command of the Curragh Camp in Ireland from January 1901. In January the following year he was, however, appointed the first post- Federation Governor of Queensland . Chermside arrived in Australia in early March 1902, landing in Fremantle . On arrival he stated to local reporters that one of
720-568: The King. This distinction between consular and diplomatic functions remains (at least formally) to this day. Modern consuls retain limited judicial powers to settle disputes on ships from their country (notably regarding the payment of wages to sailors). The consulado de mercaderes was set up in 1543 in Seville as a merchant guild to control trade with Latin America . As such, it had branches in
765-524: The Order of St Michael and St George in 1899. The Brisbane suburb of Chermside is named in Chermside's honour. Vice Consul A consul is an official representative of a government who resides in a foreign country to assist and protect citizens of the consul's country, and to promote and facilitate commercial and diplomatic relations between the two countries. A consul is generally part of
810-405: The citizens of the country in which the consul resides who wish to travel to or trade with the consul's country. In classical Greece , some of the functions of the modern consul were fulfilled by a proxenos , which means an arrangement which a citizen (chosen by the city) hosted foreign ambassadors at his own expense, in return for honorary titles from the state. Unlike the modern position, this
855-404: The consulate itself, to those required for official duties. In practice, the extension and application of consular privileges and immunities can differ widely from country to country. Consulates are more numerous than diplomatic missions, such as embassies . Ambassadors are posted only in a foreign nation's capital (but exceptionally outside the country, as in the case of a multiple mandate, e.g.,
900-407: The embassy itself. A consul of the highest rank is termed a consul-general and is appointed to a consulate-general . There is typically one or more deputy consuls-general , consuls , vice-consuls , and consular agents working under the consul-general. A country may appoint more than one consul-general to another nation. A consul general (CG) (plural: consuls general) is an official who heads
945-551: The first matters to which the Australian Commonwealth should attend, was the formation of a military college. He arrived in Brisbane on 24 March 1902 to find Queensland in the grip of a drought and economic recession . He immediately volunteered to forgo 15 per cent of his vice-regal salary, and his sacrifice and approachable nature made him a popular figure amongst the Queensland public. However, concerned by
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#1732791467467990-626: The governments which they represent. As a matter of U.S. policy, honorary consular officers recognized by the U.S. Government are American citizens, or permanent resident aliens who perform consular services on a part-time basis. The limited immunity afforded honorary consular officers is specified in Article 71 of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (VCCR). Such individuals do not enjoy personal inviolability, and may be arrested pending trial if circumstances should otherwise warrant. However, appropriate steps are provided to accord to such officers
1035-547: The highest magistrates of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire . The term was revived by the Republic of Genoa , which, unlike Rome, bestowed it on various state officials, not necessarily restricted to the highest. Among these were Genoese officials stationed in various Mediterranean ports, whose role included duties similar to those of the modern consul (i.e., helping Genoese merchants and sailors in difficulties with
1080-441: The job with their own (often commercial) private activities, and in some instances may not even be a citizen of the sending country. Such consular appointments are usually given the title of honorary consul or consul ad honorem . Such hosting and appointing varies from nation to nation, with some doing both, one or the other, or neither. The transparency also varies, with some nation-states not even including such information on
1125-531: The local authorities). The consolat de mar was an institution established under the reign of Peter IV of Aragon in the fourteenth century, and spread to 47 locations throughout the Mediterranean. It was primarily a judicial body, administering maritime and commercial law as lex mercatoria . Although the consolat de mar was established by the Cortes of Aragon , the consuls were independent from
1170-574: The marriage. Chermside retired from the British Army in 1907 at the rank of lieutenant-general . He died in London, aged 79, on 24 September 1929. Chermside was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1886. He was also made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1880, upgraded to Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1897, and Knight Grand Cross of
1215-498: The missions, United States Government policy requires that the maintenance and establishment of consular posts headed by honorary consular officers must be supported by documentation which makes it possible for the Department of State to be assured that meaningful consular functions will be exercised by honorary consular officers on a regular basis and that such consular officers come under the supervision of, and are accountable to,
1260-492: The more limited sense of consular service. Activities of a consulate include protecting the interests of their citizens temporarily or permanently resident in the host country, issuing passports ; issuing visas to foreigners and public diplomacy . However, the principal role of a consulate lies traditionally in promoting trade—assisting companies to invest and to import and export goods and services both inwardly to their home country and outward to their host country. Although it
1305-480: The nearest Finnish embassy or consulate. Certain types of notarized certificates can be acquired through an honorary consul. Together with diplomatic missions, an honorary consul promotes economic and cultural relations between Finland and the country in question and takes part in strengthening Finland's image abroad. An honorary consul can advise Finnish companies, for instance, in obtaining information about local business culture and in finding cooperation partners. Over
1350-407: The need for consulates there. When Hong Kong was under British administration , diplomatic missions of Commonwealth countries, such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand , India, Malaysia , and Singapore were known as commissions . After the transfer of sovereignty to China in 1997, they were renamed consulates-general , with the last commissioner becoming consul-general. However,
1395-563: The next two years repelling Mahdist incursions at Sarras. Although still a captain in the Royal Engineers, Chermside was brevetted major in 1883, lieutenant-colonel in 1884 and colonel in 1887. In 1888 he returned to consular duties, spending a year in Kurdistan and seven years as military attaché to Constantinople . He then was assigned to reorganise the gendarmerie of the newly-autonomous Cretan State , later taking command of
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1440-454: The parliamentary attitude to the role of governor, Chermside decided to resign in 1904, although he delayed the announcement until a political crisis had been dealt with by granting a dissolution of parliament to Premier Sir Arthur Morgan after several failed attempts to establish a stable government. Once he had opened the new parliament, Chermside announced his retirement and left Queensland on 8 October on pre-retirement leave. Chermside
1485-628: The principal cities of the Spanish colonies. The connection of "consul" with trade and commercial law is retained in French. In Francophone countries, a juge consulaire (consular judge) is a non-professional judge elected by the chamber of commerce to settle commercial disputes in the first instance (in France, sitting in panels of three; in Belgium, in conjunction with a professional magistrate). In
1530-469: The represented country's coat of arms, and with that country confirming the consul's son or other heir in the position on the death of the previous consul. As repeatedly referenced by Mann, a consul's wife was known as "Konsulin" and continued to bear that title even on the death of her husband. Characters in the book are mentioned as consuls for Denmark , the Netherlands and Portugal . The office of
1575-412: The represented state. They may be local people with the nationality of the sending country, and in smaller cities, or in cities that are very distant from full-time diplomatic missions, a foreign government which feels that some form of representation is nevertheless desirable may appoint a person who has not hitherto been part of their diplomatic service to fulfill this role. Such a consul may well combine
1620-415: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Chermside . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chermside&oldid=1085757753 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1665-432: The single ambassador. Another definition is the leader of the consular section of an embassy. This consul general is a diplomat and a member of the ambassador's country team. Consuls of various ranks may have specific legal authority for certain activities, such as notarizing documents. As such, diplomatic personnel with other responsibilities may receive consular letters patent (commissions). Aside from those outlined in
1710-494: The social life of 19th-century Lübeck as depicted in Thomas Mann 's novel Buddenbrooks – based on Mann's thorough personal knowledge of his own birthplace – an appointment as the consul of a foreign country was a source of considerable social prestige among the city's merchant elite. As depicted in the book, the position of a consul for a particular country was in practice hereditary in a specific family, whose mansion bore
1755-413: The websites of their foreign ministries. Furthermore, some do not use the honorary consul system at all. The United States of America limits whom it will recognise as honorary consuls and grants only some limited rights. In some cases "accused terror financiers, arms traffickers and drug runners" have misused their position as honorary consuls. Despite their other roles, honorary consular officers (in
1800-610: The widest use of the term) in some instances also have responsibility for the welfare of citizens of the appointing country within their bailiwick . For example, the Embassy of Finland states that the tasks of Finland's Honorary Consulate include monitoring the rights of Finns and permanent residents of Finland residing in the area in which the consulate is located, providing advice and guidance for distressed Finnish citizens and permanent residents traveling abroad to that area, and assisting them in their contacts with local authorities or
1845-460: The years, Honorary Consulates have assumed growing importance particularly for Low and Middle Income Countries and for countries looking at cutting costs and has emerged as a powerful diplomatic pillar of strength. The United States Government appreciates that honorary consular officers provide important services both to the governments which they represent and to United States citizens and entities. Nevertheless, for reasons previously communicated to
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1890-478: Was a citizen of the host polity (in Greece, a city-state ). The proxenos was usually a wealthy merchant who had socioeconomic ties with another city and who helped its citizens when they were in trouble in his own city. The position of proxenos was often hereditary in a particular family. Modern honorary consuls fulfill a function that is to a degree similar to that of the ancient Greek institution. Consuls were
1935-753: Was a scholar at Eton College and then attended the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich , where he graduated at the top of his year and was commissioned in the Royal Engineers in 1870. In 1871, Chermside and several other officers visited Paris during the Paris Commune , and were accused of supporting the Communards , narrowly escaping execution. After a posting in Ireland, he joined Benjamin Leigh Smith 's expedition to
1980-792: Was promoted to captain , and appointed to the British Army 's intelligence staff in Egypt. He was given command of the Egyptian Army's 1st Battalion by the army's Sirdar , Evelyn Wood , and spent four years in Egypt where he took part in the Suakin Expedition of 1884, against Muhammad Ahmad 's Mahdist forces and served as governor-general of the Red Sea littoral . He was transferred to Wadi Halfa in October 1886, and spent
2025-599: Was the second son of the rector of Wilton, Reverend Richard Seymour Conway Chermside, and his wife, Emily Dawson. His paternal grandfather was the military surgeon Sir Robert Chermside . Chermside was married twice. His first marriage was in 1899 to Geraldine Katherine Webb, daughter of W. F. Webb, of Newstead Abbey , Nottinghamshire . They had a stillborn son on 9 October 1902 in Brisbane, and she childless died in 1910. He remarried in 1920 to Clementine Maria Reuter (daughter of Paul Reuter ), and there were no children of
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