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75-787: Stadiums had standard dimensions of 98m, 122m, 98m. Teams also participated in five-game tournaments throughout the year such as the National Baseball Championships, the National Youth Baseball Championships and the Cross-Straits Baseball Tournament. In May 2023, 5, the 15th China Baseball League restarted with 10 teams kicked off in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. The league consists of three sub-stations in Wuxi, Chengdu, and Tianjin. The original four teams were

150-457: A biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) facility; some studies of inactivated SARS specimens can be done at biosafety level 2 facilities. Fear of contracting the virus from consuming infected wild animals resulted in public bans and reduced business for meat markets in southern China and Hong Kong. The WHO declared the end of the pandemic on March 24 2004. Chiba Lotte Marines The Chiba Lotte Marines ( 千葉ロッテマリーンズ , Chiba Rotte Marīnzu ) are

225-554: A "potential infectious source." The virus was also later found in raccoon dogs ( Nyctereuteus sp.), ferret badgers ( Melogale spp.), and domestic cats. In 2005, two studies identified a number of SARS-like coronaviruses in Chinese bats. Phylogenetic analysis of these viruses indicated a high probability that SARS coronavirus originated in bats and spread to humans either directly or through animals held in Chinese markets. The bats did not show any visible signs of disease, but are

300-606: A 69-73-1 record, and Tadahito Iguchi would be let go after that season, replaced by Masato Yoshii. The Marines would edge out the Hawks and Eagles in a close playoff race in 2023, finishing 2nd with a 70-68-5 record. They would defeat the Hawks in 3 games in the first stage, but lost in 5 games to the Buffaloes in the final stage, who also had a 1 win advantage for having the best record in Pacific League. That season would be

375-706: A Guangdong doctor who was treating patients at Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital . He arrived in February and stayed on the ninth floor of the Metropole Hotel in Kowloon , infecting 16 of the hotel visitors. Those visitors traveled to Canada, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam, spreading SARS to those locations. Another larger cluster of cases in Hong Kong centred on the Amoy Gardens housing estate. Its spread

450-576: A farmer from Shunde , Foshan , Guangdong, was treated in the First People's Hospital of Foshan. The patient died soon after, and no definite diagnosis was made on his cause of death. Despite taking some action to control it, Chinese government officials did not inform the World Health Organization of the outbreak until February 2003. This lack of openness caused delays in efforts to control the epidemic, resulting in criticism of

525-584: A flight to Singapore. The plane stopped in Hanoi , Vietnam, where the patient died in Hanoi French Hospital . Several of the medical staff who treated him soon developed the same disease despite basic hospital procedures. Italian doctor Carlo Urbani identified the threat and communicated it to WHO and the Vietnamese government; he later died from the disease. The severity of the symptoms and

600-818: A partner. Beijing will pair with the Yomiuri Giants , Sichuan with the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks , Shanghai with the Hanshin Tigers , Jiangsu with the Chiba Lotte Marines and Guangdong with the Hiroshima Toyo Carp . Tianjin will continue its existing relationship with the Yokohama BayStars which began in 2005. Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS )

675-702: A professional baseball team in Japan's Pacific League based in Chiba City , Chiba Prefecture , in the Kantō region , and owned by Lotte Holdings Co., Ltd. The Marines were a founding member of the Pacific League in 1950 as the Mainichi Orions when the Japanese Baseball League reorganized into Nippon Professional Baseball , where they won the inaugural 1950 Japan Series . Since 1992,

750-770: A risk of side effects like arm pain, fever, and headache. According to research papers published in 2005 and 2006, the identification and development of novel vaccines and medicines to treat SARS was a priority for governments and public health agencies around the world. In early 2004, an early clinical trial on volunteers was planned. A major researcher's 2016 request, however, demonstrated that no field-ready SARS vaccine had been completed because likely market-driven priorities had ended funding. Several consequent reports from China on some recovered SARS patients showed severe long-time sequelae . The most typical diseases include, among other things, pulmonary fibrosis , osteoporosis , and femoral necrosis , which have led in some cases to

825-533: A tie in the third game and Orix having the better record at 70-55-18, allowed the Buffaloes to advance. On April 10, 2022, Rōki Sasaki threw a perfect game , NPB's first in 28 years and the 16th in NPB history. Sasaki tied an existing NPB record by striking out 19 batters, and setting a new record by striking out 13 consecutive batters. It didn't do much to help the season, as the Marines finished in 5th place with

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900-506: A two-game home and away round-robin match. The four Group B teams will also strive to finish sixth in Group A and secure promotion places next year. On May 5, 2023, the 15 China Baseball League with 10 teams kicked off in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. The league consists of three sub-stations in Wuxi, Chengdu and Tianjin, with a total of 2023 matches. On May 5, 2023, the 26 China Baseball League ended its first leg in Wuxi, and Shanghai Red Eagle won

975-488: A wave pattern to reflect the ocean currents off Chiba's coast. In 1995, this was changed to the logo's current design, while dropping pink and blue in favor of red, black and white (with red being dropped in 2019). The current logo's design features a baseball in the background with a seagull soaring, with the club's name around the circle. The team failed to reach the Japan Series again until 2005 . The Marines started

1050-409: Is a separateness of the team name. Originally Rine-chan wore a pink sports visor cap till the 2022 season when she wore the same baseball cap as her boyfriend while retaining the skirt, while Zu-chan wears the cap backwards and wears an apron instead of the jersey beginning 2022, before that he wore a shirt unless all three wear their team's special home uniforms. Mysterious fish (謎の魚, Nazo-no-sakana )

1125-609: Is a vaccine for SARS, although in March 2020 immunologist Anthony Fauci said the CDC developed one and placed it in the Strategic National Stockpile . That vaccine is a final product and field-ready as of March 2022. Clinical isolation and vaccination remain the most effective means to prevent the spread of SARS. Other preventive measures include: Many public health interventions were made to try to control

1200-631: Is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the virus SARS-CoV-1 , the first identified strain of the SARS-related coronavirus . The first known cases occurred in November 2002, and the syndrome caused the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak . In the 2010s, Chinese scientists traced the virus through the intermediary of Asian palm civets to cave-dwelling horseshoe bats in Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township , Yunnan . SARS

1275-541: Is common in people with SARS, the fecal–oral route does not appear to be a common mode of transmission. The basic reproduction number of SARS-CoV, R 0 , ranges from 2 to 4 depending on different analyses. Control measures introduced in April 2003 reduced the R to 0.4. SARS-CoV may be suspected in a patient who has: For a case to be considered probable, a chest X-ray must be indicative for atypical pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome . The WHO has added

1350-805: Is commonly used to treat SARS, there seems to have little to no effect on SARS-CoV, and no impact on patient's outcomes. There is currently no proven antiviral therapy. Tested substances, include ribavirin , lopinavir , ritonavir , type I interferon , that have thus far shown no conclusive contribution to the disease's course. Administration of corticosteroids , is recommended by the British Thoracic Society / British Infection Society / Health Protection Agency in patients with severe disease and O2 saturation of <90%. People with SARS-CoV must be isolated, preferably in negative-pressure rooms , with complete barrier nursing precautions taken for any necessary contact with these patients, to limit

1425-433: Is four to six days, although it is rarely as short as one day or as long as 14 days. The primary route of transmission for SARS-CoV is contact of the mucous membranes with respiratory droplets or fomites . As with all respiratory pathogens once presumed to transmit via respiratory droplets, it is highly likely to be carried by the aerosols generated during routine breathing, talking, and even singing. While diarrhea

1500-400: Is known as M☆Splash!!. They were formed in 2004. Alongside the team's mascots Mar-kun, Rine-chan and Zu-chan, they entertain the crowd during Marines games, with 27 members. Mar-kun (マーくん, Maa-kun ) is a main mascot character of the Marines. With his girlfriend Rine-chan (リーンちゃん, Riin-chan ) and his young brother Zu-chan (ズーちゃん, Zuu-chan ), he entertains spectators at team games. Their name

1575-412: Is suspected to have been facilitated by defects in its bathroom drainage system that allowed sewer gases including virus particles to vent into the room. Bathroom fans exhausted the gases and wind carried the contagion to adjacent downwind complexes. Concerned citizens in Hong Kong worried that information was not reaching people quickly enough and created a website called sosick.org, which eventually forced

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1650-504: The 2005 season in first place behind American manager Bobby Valentine , who had returned after having managed the team to a 2nd place finish in 1995 behind the Orix BlueWave , but struggles between him and general manager Tatsuro Hirooka had him leave after that lone season, but fell behind the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks as the year progressed. Under the playoff format of the time, the preliminary five-game playoff round, prior to

1725-723: The Konami Cup Championships. In 2010 , the Marines clinched third place on the last day of the season to earn a berth into the Climax Series. They went on to become the first third place team to ever win the Climax Series, and faced off with the Chunichi Dragons in the 2010 Japan Series . The Marines defeated the Dragons in seven games, composed of four wins, two losses, and one tie, winning their second Japan Series in under ten years. In 2013 ,

1800-802: The Mainichi Orions , an inaugural member of the Pacific League , and were owned by the Mainichi Shimbun newspaper. The Orions were named after the constellation of the same name . The Marines won the inaugural Japan Series in 1950 . In 1958, the team was merged with the Daiei Unions and renamed the Daimai Orions , to reflect that both Daiei and Mainichi had a 50% stake in the team, with control being given to Daiei Film president Masaichi Nagata . In 1964 they became

1875-645: The Tokyo Orions , and the Lotte Orions in 1969. The franchise was slow to replicate its initial success: the Orions made the Japan Series in 1960 and 1970 , only to lose both years. The team played in central Tokyo until 1972. From 1973 to 1977 the Lotte Orions played in the northern Japanese city of Sendai . In 1974 , they beat the Chunichi Dragons , becoming the first Pacific League team to win

1950-510: The 28 China Baseball League Finals kicked off at the Tianjin Tuanbo Sports Center Baseball Stadium. In the first match, Jiangsu Juma, who finished at the top of the league standings, failed to continue their good form, losing 2023-3 to Shanghai Red Eagles. On July 7, the second game of the 29 China Baseball League Finals was held at the Tianjin Tuanbo Sports Center Baseball Stadium on the 2023th, and

2025-736: The Beijing Tigers two games to none to win their first-ever championship. The 2016 China Baseball League opened on May 5 at the baseball base in Wuxi, Jiangsu. The new season of the China Baseball League has a longer schedule than previous years, with more games, and the number of participating teams has increased from a minimum of 27 to 6. The 10 top domestic teams consisting of Beijing Tigers, Tianjin Lions, Shanghai Golden Eagles, Jiangsu Juma, Sichuan Jiaolong, Guangdong Cheetahs and Group B teams will play nearly 10 fierce battles in

2100-427: The Beijing Tigers, Tianjin Lions, Shanghai Eagles and Guangzhou Lightning. The Hope Stars and Dragons joined them in 2005. The Hope Stars were an under-21 team of promising players from around the country. Henan Elephants entered CBL as an expansion team in 2009. The first season ran from April 26 to May 25, 2002 with a one-game championship. In the 2004 season, the defending champion Beijing Tigers once again defeated

2175-735: The CBL returned with a six-game regular season with four teams - the Tigers and Pegasus in the North Division and the Leopards and Lions in the South Division. In the finals the Tigers defeated the Lions in the best-of-three finals two games to one. hotStar United began sponsoring the CBL in 2014. The 2015 regular season featured six teams from Division 1 playing 15 games each. Division 2 teams played six games each. The Jiangsu Pegasus swept

2250-468: The Dragons; while "Pirates" was disregarded because the Chiba Pirates name was used by a team in a baseball manga , and since the team in that manga is terrible, executives didn't want the team to be associated by a team that was supposed to be awful, supported by the fact that by then, the Orions had finished their 6th consecutive losing season, finishing in 6th in 3 of the last 4 seasons, alongside

2325-457: The Hong Kong government to provide information related to SARS in a timely manner. The first cohort of affected people were discharged from hospital on 29 March 2003. The first case of SARS in Toronto was identified on 23 February 2003. Beginning with an elderly woman, Kwan Sui-Chu, who had returned from a trip to Hong Kong and died on 5 March, the virus eventually infected 257 individuals in

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2400-460: The Japan Series, saw the teams with the best first and second half records face off. The Marines defeated the Hawks three games to two in the Pacific League championship, winning the rubber match despite entering the eighth inning trailing, 2–1. The Marines thus qualified for the Japan Series , the first time they had reached the tournament since 1974, a 31-year drought. In a one-sided series,

2475-554: The Marines clinched third place to clinch a berth in the Climax Series and faced the Saitama Seibu Lions in the first stage. They defeated the Lions in 3 games to move onto the final stage. They would lose to the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles in 5 games, who would go on and defeat the Yomiuri Giants in 7 games to win their first (and still only) Japan Series title. They would make it back in

2550-467: The Marines swept the Hanshin Tigers in four games, scoring ten runs in each of the first three games. The apparent ease with which the Marines defeated the Tigers added fuel to the ongoing debate concerning the need for a playoff system in the Central League , which was finally added in 2007 (see Climax Series ). The Marines went on to defeat South Korea's Samsung Lions in the final round of

2625-472: The Marines' home ballpark has been ZOZO Marine Stadium , located in the Mihama Ward of Chiba, seating 30,118 people. The "Marines" name originates from the name of the stadium they play in, which is officially named Chiba Marine Stadium , because the stadium is located right on the water. Through 2024, the franchise's all-time record is 4874-4844-405 (.502). The Marines franchise began in 1950 as

2700-499: The Orions signed Major League Baseball player Leron Lee , who ended up playing for the team for eleven seasons, compiling a .320 career batting average and slugging 283 home runs with 912 career RBI. From his retirement to early 2018 (when surpassed by Norichika Aoki ), Lee held the Japanese record for career batting average (players with more than 4,000 at bats ). In 1978, Lee invited younger brother Leon Lee to play in Japan, and

2775-621: The People's Republic of China from the international community. China officially apologized for early slowness in dealing with the SARS epidemic. In 2003, when the virus broke out in China, a 72 year old with SARS infected multiple people on board an Air China Boeing 737 , causing 5 deaths. The viral outbreak was subsequently genetically traced to a colony of cave-dwelling horseshoe bats in Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township , Yunnan. The outbreak first came to

2850-528: The SARS genome in April 2003. Scientists at Erasmus University in Rotterdam , the Netherlands demonstrated that the SARS coronavirus fulfilled Koch's postulates thereby suggesting it as the causative agent. In the experiments, macaques infected with the virus developed the same symptoms as human SARS patients. In late May 2003, a study was conducted using samples of wild animals sold as food in

2925-614: The Series in ten years, as the Yomiuri Giants had claimed the prior nine titles behind the Oh – Nagashima attack. After beating the Dragons, their owners, Lotte Holdings, decided to hold their victory parade in Tokyo, which shocked fans in Sendai. This eventually caused their attendance there to crash, from sold out games in 1973, to only about 2000-3000 for their last few years in Sendai. In 1977,

3000-479: The Shanghai Red Eagles defeated Jiangsu Juma 29-3 to win the overall championship of the season with a total score of 0:2. In 2007, the CBL began a support relationship with Nippon Professional Baseball , Japan's baseball league. The agreement allows the Japanese clubs to send coaches and players to China and Chinese players to train at the Japanese facilities. All teams will have a Japanese team as

3075-514: The Tianjin Lions in the best-of-five finals. They came back from an 0-2 deficit to win the series 3 games to 2. The opening day of the 2005 season was April 1, 2005. The regular season ended on June 26. In the 2005 best-of-five championship series, the Beijing Tigers swept the Tianjin Lions, three games to none, giving the Tigers their third straight title. (The 2005 championship series was abbreviated to three games due to SARS .) In 2014

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3150-461: The age group of the patient. Patients under 24 were least likely to die (less than 1%); those 65 and older were most likely to die (over 55%). As with MERS and COVID-19 , SARS resulted in significantly more deaths of males than females. The SARS epidemic began in the Guangdong province of China in November 2002. The earliest case developed symptoms on 16 November 2002. The index patient ,

3225-570: The attention of the international medical community on 27 November 2002, when Canada's Global Public Health Intelligence Network (GPHIN), an electronic warning system that is part of the World Health Organization's Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN), picked up reports of a "flu outbreak" in China through Internet media monitoring and analysis and sent them to the WHO. While GPHIN's capability had recently been upgraded to enable Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish translation,

3300-519: The brothers formed a feared cleanup for the Orions for five seasons — in 1980, Leron had 33 home runs, 90 RBI, and a batting average of .358; while Leon slugged 41 home runs and drove in 116 runs, with a batting average of .340. In 1978 the team returned to the Tokyo area, settling in Kawasaki 's Kawasaki Stadium, at one time home to the Taiyo Whales (today's Yokohama DeNA Baystars ). In 1992,

3375-489: The category of "laboratory confirmed SARS" which means patients who would otherwise be considered "probable" and have tested positive for SARS based on one of the approved tests ( ELISA , immunofluorescence or PCR ) but whose chest X-ray findings do not show SARS-CoV infection (e.g. ground glass opacities, patchy consolidations unilateral). The appearance of SARS-CoV in chest X-rays is not always uniform but generally appears as an abnormality with patchy infiltrates. There

3450-450: The championship with nine victories. On June 6, 2023, the 5 China Baseball League Chengdu Station ended, and Jiangsu Juma won the championship On July 7, 2023, the 18 China Baseball League Tianjin kicked off, Sichuan Jiaolong defeated Guangdong Cheetahs 2023:5, Jiangsu Juma narrowly defeated Shandong Blue Whale 4:9, Beijing Tigers defeated Shanghai Red Eagles 8:7, and Tianjin Lions at home defeated Henan Wolf Warriors 6:7. On July 7, 2023,

3525-434: The chances of getting sick up to 80% compared to no mask. A screening process was also put in place at airports to monitor air travel to and from affected countries. SARS-CoV is most infectious in severely ill patients, which usually occurs during the second week of illness. This delayed infectious period meant that quarantine was highly effective; people who were isolated before day five of their illness rarely transmitted

3600-415: The chances of medical personnel becoming infected. In certain cases, natural ventilation by opening doors and windows is documented to help decreasing indoor concentration of virus particles. Some of the more serious damage caused by SARS may be due to the body's own immune system reacting in what is known as cytokine storm . Vaccines can help the immune system to create enough antibodies and decrease

3675-540: The complete loss of working ability or even self-care ability of people who have recovered from SARS. As a result of quarantine procedures, some of the post-SARS patients have been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder . SARS was a relatively rare disease; at the end of the epidemic in June 2003, the incidence was 8,422 cases with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 11%. The case fatality rate (CFR) ranges from 0% to 50% depending on

3750-537: The danger to China, there appeared to be a change in official policy when SARS began to receive a much greater prominence in the official media. Some have directly attributed this to the death of an American teacher, James Earl Salisbury , in Hong Kong. It was around this same time that Jiang Yanyong made accusations regarding the undercounting of cases in Beijing military hospitals. After intense pressure, Chinese officials allowed international officials to investigate

3825-491: The disease to others. As of 2017, the CDC was still working to make federal and local rapid-response guidelines and recommendations in the event of a reappearance of the virus. As SARS is a viral disease, antibiotics do not have direct effect but may be used against bacterial secondary infection. Treatment of SARS is mainly supportive with antipyretics , supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation as needed. While ribavirin

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3900-506: The early pace of the epidemic. He subsequently contracted the disease himself, and died in March 2003. Malik Peiris and his colleagues became the first to isolate the virus that causes SARS, a novel coronavirus now known as SARS-CoV-1 . By June 2003, Peiris, together with his long-time collaborators Leo Poon and Guan Yi , has developed a rapid diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-1 using real-time polymerase chain reaction . The CDC and Canada's National Microbiology Laboratory identified

3975-464: The end of June 2003. The official response by the Ontario provincial government and Canadian federal government has been widely criticized in the years following the outbreak. Brian Schwartz, vice-chair of Ontario's SARS Scientific Advisory Committee, described public health officials' preparedness and emergency response at the time of the outbreak as "very, very basic and minimal at best". Critics of

4050-405: The fact that they were unsure if they could even use it to begin with, due to Japanese copyright laws . "Marines" was ultimately chosen because the team believed it meant "heroes of the sea" (and because the letter "M" was available), yielding the club name Chiba Lotte Marines . Originally, the club used pink, blue, and white on their logo, which included a pirate ship, with a seagull below it, and

4125-673: The infection among hospital staff alarmed global health authorities, who were fearful of another emergent pneumonia epidemic. On 12 March 2003, the WHO issued a global alert , followed by a health alert by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Local transmission of SARS took place in Toronto , Ottawa, San Francisco, Ulaanbaatar , Manila , Singapore, Taiwan, Hanoi and Hong Kong whereas within China it spread to Guangdong, Jilin , Hebei, Hubei , Shaanxi, Jiangsu , Shanxi, Tianjin , and Inner Mongolia . The disease spread in Hong Kong from Liu Jianlun,

4200-630: The last for ZOZO Marine Stadium public address announcer Emi Taniho . Originally, she was given a farewell ceremony on October 7, 2023, her supposed last home game, which included many former Marines players, but she was given extended duty, as the Marines were appearing to make a run for the Climax Series. That game was also her 2,100th game announcing. Her actual last day with the team was on December 20. Pitchers Catchers Infielders Outfielders Manager Coaches Catchers Outfielders Manager Coaches Active: Former: Retired: The Marines' cheer dancing squad

4275-454: The league. The 2016 China Baseball League was divided into two stages: the regular season and the finals. The regular season will run for ten weeks, with 30 rounds and the finals lasting two weeks, using a best-of-five format, with the team that wins three games first to win the championship. Every weekend, from May 5 to September 3, the baseball league will feature nine pinnacle showdowns in three different cities. The six Group A teams will play

4350-565: The likely natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses. In late 2006, scientists from the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention of Hong Kong University and the Guangzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention established a genetic link between the SARS coronavirus appearing in civets and in the second, 2004 human outbreak, bearing out claims that the disease had jumped across species. It took 14 years to find

4425-608: The local market in Guangdong, China. The study found that "SARS-like" coronaviruses could be isolated from masked palm civets ( Paguma sp.). Genomic sequencing determined that these animal viruses were very similar to human SARS viruses, however they were phylogenetically distinct, and so the study concluded that it was unclear whether they were the natural reservoir in the wild. Still, more than 10,000 masked palm civets were killed in Guangdong Province since they were

4500-418: The original bat population likely responsible for the SARS pandemic. In December 2017, "after years of searching across China, where the disease first emerged, researchers reported ... that they had found a remote cave in Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township , Yunnan province, which is home to horseshoe bats that carry a strain of a particular virus known as a coronavirus. This strain has all the genetic building blocks of

4575-521: The playoffs in 2015. They defeated the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters in 3 games in the first round, then got swept by the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks , who received a one game advantage for having the best record in the Pacific League. The following season, they returned to the playoffs. They would make a much earlier exit, as they were swept by the Hawks in 2 games in the first stage. It would not be until 2020 when they returned to

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4650-528: The playoffs. The Hawks, with a 1 game advantage, would sweep them again in the first stage. They bounced back the following year by defeating the Eagles in 2 games in the first stage, including a tie in the second game which allowed them to advance as they had the better record at 67-57-19, while the Eagles had a 66-62-15 record. They got swept by the Orix Buffaloes in the final stage in 3 games, however

4725-607: The province of Ontario. The trajectory of this outbreak is typically divided into two phases, the first centring around her son Tse Chi Kwai, who infected other patients at the Scarborough Grace Hospital and died on 13 March. The second major wave of cases was clustered around accidental exposure among patients, visitors, and staff within the North York General Hospital . The WHO officially removed Toronto from its list of infected areas by

4800-440: The response often cite poorly outlined and enforced protocol for protecting healthcare workers and identifying infected patients as a major contributing factor to the continued spread of the virus. The atmosphere of fear and uncertainty surrounding the outbreak resulted in staffing issues in area hospitals when healthcare workers elected to resign rather than risk exposure to SARS. In late February 2003, Italian doctor Carlo Urbani

4875-540: The situation there. This revealed problems plaguing the aging mainland Chinese healthcare system, including increasing decentralization, red tape , and inadequate communication. Many healthcare workers in the affected nations risked their lives and died by treating patients, and trying to contain the infection before ways to prevent infection were known. The epidemic reached the public spotlight in February 2003, when an American businessman traveling from China, Johnny Chen, became affected by pneumonia-like symptoms while on

4950-507: The spread of the disease, which is mainly spread through respiratory droplets in the air, either inhaled or deposited on surfaces and subsequently transferred to a body's mucous membranes. These interventions included earlier detection of the disease; isolation of people who are infected; droplet and contact precautions; and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), including masks and isolation gowns. A 2017 meta-analysis found that for medical professionals wearing N-95 masks could reduce

5025-453: The system was limited to English or French in presenting this information. Thus, while the first reports of an unusual outbreak were in Chinese, an English report was not generated until 21 January 2003. The first super-spreader was admitted to the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital in Guangzhou on 31 January, which soon spread the disease to nearby hospitals. In early April 2003, after a prominent physician, Jiang Yanyong , pushed to report

5100-419: The team moved to Chiba City 's Chiba Marine Stadium on the eastern shore of Tokyo Bay . They held a fan vote for a new name for the team; the name "Dolphins" won, while another popular choice was "Pirates". However, the name "Dolphins" was thrown out because though an unrelated team named the Nagoya Golden Dolphins (later known as Nagoya Kinko ) was long defunct, the letter "D" in broadcasts was already taken by

5175-414: The type that triggered the global outbreak of SARS in 2002." The research was performed by Shi Zhengli , Cui Jie, and co-workers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology , China, and published in PLOS Pathogens . The authors are quoted as stating that "another deadly outbreak of SARS could emerge at any time. The cave where they discovered their strain is only a kilometre from the nearest village." The virus

5250-421: Was a character known simply as Bubble-Boy (バブル坊や, Bable-Boya ) who only appeared as a logo. In 2005, the Marines introduced a mascot named Cool-kun ( かっこいいくん, Kakkoi-kun ), a penguin who was known for his acrobatic stunts and would often challenge mascots like Doala and B.B to acrobatic stunt contests at rival games. He also would be stuck up and rude at times, but he would burst to tears or show great emotion at

5325-415: Was a mascot character that was introduced in May 2017. He is a weird fish with legs. He has collaborated with Hawaiian Airlines that former Marines' player Benny Agbayani works for, since 2018. However, the person playing the mascot announced after the 2021 season that he would retire, which also meant the mascot was officially retired. Back when the team were known as the "Lotte Orions", their mascot

5400-768: Was a relatively rare disease; at the end of the epidemic in June 2003, the incidence was 8,422 cases with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 11%. No cases of SARS-CoV-1 have been reported worldwide since 2004. In December 2019, a second strain of SARS-CoV was identified: SARS-CoV-2 . This strain causes coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ), the disease behind the COVID-19 pandemic . SARS produces flu-like symptoms which may include fever, muscle pain , lethargy , cough, sore throat , and other nonspecific symptoms . SARS often leads to shortness of breath and pneumonia , which may be direct viral pneumonia or secondary bacterial pneumonia . The average incubation period for SARS

5475-563: Was achieved through successful public health measures. In the following months, four SARS cases were reported in China between December 2003 and January 2004. While SARS-CoV-1 probably persists as a potential zoonotic threat in its original animal reservoir, human-to-human transmission of this virus may be considered eradicated because no human case has been documented since four minor, brief, subsequent outbreaks in 2004. After containment, there were four laboratory accidents that resulted in infections. Study of live SARS specimens requires

5550-485: Was called into The French Hospital of Hanoi to look at Johnny Chen, an American businessman who had fallen ill with what doctors thought was a bad case of influenza . Urbani realized that Chen's ailment was probably a new and highly contagious disease. He immediately notified the WHO. He also persuaded the Vietnamese Health Ministry to begin isolating patients and screening travelers, thus slowing

5625-569: Was ephemeral and seasonal in bats. In 2019, a similar virus to SARS caused a cluster of infections in Wuhan , eventually leading to the COVID-19 pandemic. A small number of cats and dogs tested positive for the virus during the outbreak. However, these animals did not transmit the virus to other animals of the same species or to humans. The World Health Organization declared severe acute respiratory syndrome contained on 5 July 2003. The containment

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