Lai Ching-te ( DPP )
46-699: The Chinese Unification Promotion Party , also known as the Unionist Party , is a minor far-right political party in Taiwan that promotes Chinese unification . On 9 May 2004, Chang An-lo established the NGO "Defending China's Great Alliance" in Guangzhou , China, with the help of the Bamboo Union triad (who he was formerly a leader of). Chang then helped register the Taiwan branch of his organization as
92-672: A mail bomb to then- Governor of Taiwan Province Hsieh Tung-min , who suffered serious injuries to both hands as a result. The Kuomintang's heavy-handed oppression in the Kaohsiung Incident , alleged involvement in the Lin family massacre and the murders of Chen Wen-chen and Henry Liu , and the self-immolation of Cheng Nan-jung galvanized the Taiwanese community into political actions and eventually led to majority rule and democracy in Taiwan. The concept of unification replaced
138-590: A multi-party system , during what has become known as the Democratization of Taiwan . The PRC has never recognized the sovereignty of Taiwan. PRC asserts that the ROC ceased to exist in the year 1949 when the PRC was proclaimed. Officially, PRC refers to the territory controlled by Taiwan as Taiwan area , and to the government of Taiwan as the Taiwan authorities. PRC continues to claim Taiwan as its 23rd Province, and
184-944: A continuation of the Southern Ming ), the Qing dynasty and the Empire of Japan. Taiwan first came under direct Chinese control when it was invaded by the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in 1683. The island remained under Qing rule until 1895 when it was ceded to the Empire of Japan under the Treaty of Shimonoseki. Following the Axis powers ' defeat in World War II in 1945, the Kuomintang-led Republic of China gained control of Taiwan. Some Taiwanese resisted ROC rule in
230-1643: A matter of minutes" ( 這只是我們對你的第一次警告，搞死你分鐘的事 ). The New Power Party responded to the incident by urging the Taiwan government to dissolve and ban the Unionist Party. They also referred to the previous assaults against Joshua Wong , Denise Ho and other Hong Kong democrats conducted by members of Unionist Party, and criticized the government for its inaction. Chinese unification Hsiao Bi-khim ( DPP ) Cho Jung-tai ( DPP ) 11th Legislative Yuan Han Kuo-yu ( KMT ) Shieh Ming-yan acting Vacant Vacant Vacant Control Yuan Chen Chu Lee Hung-chun Local government Central Election Commission Kuomintang Democratic Progressive Party Taiwan People's Party Others New Power Party Taiwan Statebuilding Party People First Party Taiwan Solidarity Union New Party Non-Partisan Solidarity Union Newspapers United Daily News Liberty Times China Times Taipei Times Propaganda Censorship Film censorship Lin Chia-lung Cross-Strait relations Special state-to-state relations One Country on Each Side 1992 Consensus Taiwan consensus Chinese Taipei Australia–Taiwan relations Canada–Taiwan relations France–Taiwan relations Russia–Taiwan relations Taiwan–United Kingdom relations Taiwan–United States relations Republic of China (1912–1949) Chinese Civil War One-China policy China and
276-468: A political party on 9 September 2005, under the name "Chinese Unification Promotion Party". In 2017, the party claimed to have over 30,000 members, many of whom were accused by authorities of having ties to organized crime , something Chang himself does not deny. Other sources have put their membership at approximately 60,000. In November 2024, a husband and wife couple affiliated with the CUPP and funded by
322-591: A pro-Beijing bloc within the Taiwanese electorate. Within Taiwan, unification supporters tend to see "China" as a larger cultural entity divided by the Chinese Civil War into separate states or governments within the country. In addition, supporters see Taiwanese identity as one piece of a broader Chinese identity rather than as a separate cultural identity. However, supporters do oppose desinicization inherent in Communist ideology such as that seen during
368-416: A sovereign state. This is mainly due to the fact that the ROC was previously recognized as the legitimate government of China, providing an extensive framework for unofficial diplomatic relations to be conducted between the ROC and other countries. In the years following the ROC's retreat to Taiwan, Taiwan has gone through a series of significant social, political, economic, and cultural shifts, strengthening
414-535: Is specifically about China's policy towards post-colonial Hong Kong and Macao, and "Chinese Unification" is specifically about Taiwan. Taiwan has also been offered the resolution of "One Country, Two Systems”. Taiwan has a complicated history of being at least partially occupied and administered by larger powers including the Dutch East India Company , the Kingdom of Tungning (purporting to be
460-770: The 2000 Taiwanese presidential election , which brought the independence-leaning Democratic Progressive Party's candidate President Chen Shui-bian to power, the Kuomintang, faced with defections to the People First Party, expelled Lee Teng-hui and his supporters and reoriented the party towards unification. At the same time, the People's Republic of China shifted its efforts at unification away from military threats (which it de-emphasized but did not renounce) towards economic incentives designed to encourage Taiwanese businesses to invest in mainland China and aiming to create
506-537: The 2004 presidential election , Lien Chan proposed a confederation -style relationship. Beijing objected to the plan, claiming that Taiwan was already part of China, and was not a state and, as such, could not form a confederation with it. Developments in Hong Kong have caused the population of Taiwan in recent years to find "One China, Two Systems" to be "unpersuasive, unappealing, and even untrustworthy." Unification proposals were not actively floated in Taiwan and
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#1732787495037552-704: The Cultural Revolution , along with the effort to emphasize a Taiwanese identity as separate from a Chinese one. As of the 2008 election of President Ma Ying-jeou , the KMT agreed to the One China principle, but defined it as led by the Republic of China rather than the People's Republic of China. Military clashes between the two sides include the First , Second and Third Taiwan Strait Crisis . According to
598-1024: The Pan-Blue Coalition , which comprises the Kuomintang, the People First Party and the New Party is to eventually incorporate the mainland into the ROC, while the position of the Pan-Green Coalition , composed of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and the Taiwan Solidarity Union , is to pursue Taiwanese independence. In 2024, the Chinese government issued a directive to the courts stating that "diehard" independence supporters could be tried in absentia with capital punishment imposed. The concept of Chinese unification
644-634: The Potsdam Declaration and the Cairo Communique . Around this time, the ROC nullified the Treaty of Shimonoseki, declaring it to be one of the many " Unequal Treaties " imposed on China during the so-called " Century of Humiliation ". At the time, the Kuomintang (KMT) was the ruling party of the ROC, and was widely recognized as its legitimate representative, especially due to the collaboration of its leader Chiang Kai-shek with
690-546: The Treaty of Shimonoseki . In 1912, the Qing dynasty was overthrown and was succeeded by the Republic of China (ROC). Based on the theory of the succession of states , the ROC originally lay claim to the entire territory which belonged to the Qing dynasty during the time of its collapse, except for Taiwan, which the ROC recognized as belonging to the Empire of Japan at the time. The ROC managed to attain widespread recognition as
736-688: The 1970s, the Kuomintang's authoritarian military dictatorship in Taiwan, led by the Chiang family was becoming increasingly untenable due to the popularity of the Tangwai movement and Taiwanese nationalism. In 1970, then-Vice Premier, Chiang Ching-kuo survived an assassination attempt in New York City by Cheng Tzu-tsai and Peter Huang , both members of the World United Formosans for Independence . In 1976, Wang Sing-nan sent
782-474: The 1995 proposal outlined by CCP General Secretary and paramount leader Jiang Zemin , Taiwan would lose sovereignty and the right to self-determination, but would keep its armed forces and send a representative to be the "number two leader" in the PRC central government, in accord with the One China, Two Systems approach adopted for Hong Kong and Macau. Thus, under this proposal, the Republic of China would become fully defunct. Few Taiwanese are in support of
828-648: The Allied Powers. However, throughout much of the rule of the ROC, China had been internally divided during a period called the Warlord Era . According to the common narrative, the ROC was divided into many different ruling cliques and secessionist states , which were in a constant struggle following the power vacuum which was created after the overthrowing of the Qing Dynasty. During this period, two ruling cliques eventually came out on top; that of
874-612: The Chairman of the People's Congress Standing Committee Ye Jianying announced the "Nine Policies" for China's stance on Cross-Strait relations, with "Chinese Peaceful Unification" ( 祖国和平统一 ) as the first policy. According to Xinhua, since then, " one country, two systems " and "Chinese reunification" have been emphasized at every National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party as the principles to deal with Hong Kong , Macau and Taiwan . "One Country, Two Systems"
920-527: The Chinese Civil War resumed, and the CCP quickly gained a huge advantage over the KMT (ruling the ROC). In 1949, the KMT evacuated its government , its military, and around 1.2–2 million loyal citizens to Taiwan, which had only been ruled by the KMT for around four years by this time. Back in mainland China, the CCP proclaimed the "People's Republic of China (PRC)", effectively creating a reality of Two Chinas . Following
966-641: The Fujianese territories still under Taiwanese control as parts of Fujian Province . PRC has established the one China principle in order to clarify its intention. The CCP classifies Taiwan independence supporters as one of the Five Poisons . In 2005, the 10th National People's Congress passed the Anti-Secession Law authorizing military force for unification. Most Taiwanese people oppose joining PRC for various reasons, including fears of
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#17327874950371012-749: The KMT, backed by the United States , and that of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), backed by the Soviet Union . The power struggle between these two specific political parties has come to be known as the Chinese Civil War . The Chinese Civil War was fought sporadically throughout the ROC's history; it was interrupted by the Second Sino-Japanese War. After the Second Sino-Japanese War concluded,
1058-462: The One Country, Two Systems policy while some unification supporters argued to uphold the status quo until mainland China democratized and industrialized to the same level as Taiwan. In the 2000 presidential election, independent candidate James Soong proposed a European Union -style relation with mainland China (this was echoed by Hsu Hsin-liang in 2004) along with a non-aggression pact. In
1104-515: The PRC as " Special state-to-state relations ". Until the mid-1990s, unification supporters on Taiwan were bitterly opposed to the CCP. Since the mid-1990s a considerable warming of relations between the CCP and Taiwanese unification supporters, as both oppose the pro-Taiwan independence bloc. This brought about the accusation that unification supporters were attempting to sell out Taiwan. They responded saying that closer ties with mainland China, especially economic ties, are in Taiwan's interest. After
1150-443: The Qing emperors, to Japan in 1932. From the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1950 until the mid-1970s the concept of unification was not the main subject of discourse between the governments of the PRC and the ROC. The Kuomintang believed that they would, probably with American help, one day retake mainland China, while Mao Zedong's communist regime would collapse in a popular uprising and the Kuomintang forces would be welcomed. By
1196-567: The United Nations Chinese unification Taiwan independence movement Taiwanese nationalism Tangwai movement Chinese unification , also known as Cross-Strait unification or Chinese reunification , is the potential unification of territories currently controlled, or claimed, by the People's Republic of China ("China" or "Mainland China") and the Republic of China ("Taiwan") under one political entity, possibly
1242-666: The United Nations Chinese unification Taiwan independence movement Taiwanese nationalism Tangwai movement The Non-Partisan Solidarity Union is a political party in Taiwan . It was established on 16 June 2004, led by founding Chairwoman Chang Po-ya and emerged a major player in the national political scene during the 2004 Legislative Yuan election , with 26 candidates running for local constituency and aboriginal seats, and 6 others nominated for proportional representation seats. At its founding, it
1288-513: The United Nations . In recent years, membership in the United Nations has become almost an essential qualifier of statehood. Most states with limited recognition are not at all recognized by most governments and intergovernmental organizations. However, the ROC is a unique case, given that it has still managed to attain a significant degree of unofficial international recognition , even though most countries do not officially recognize it as
1334-501: The concept of liberation by the PRC in 1979 as it embarked, after Mao's death, on economic reforms and pursued a more pragmatic foreign policy. In Taiwan, the possibility of the ROC retaking mainland China became increasingly remote in the 1970s, particularly after the ROC's expulsion from the United Nations in 1971, the establishment of diplomatic relations between the PRC and United States in 1979, and Chiang Kai-shek's death in 1975. With
1380-480: The creation of Two Chinas, the PRC began to fight a diplomatic war against the ROC on Taiwan over official recognition as the sole legitimate government of China. Eventually, the PRC (mostly) won this war, and ascended to the position of " China " in the United Nations in 1971, evicting the ROC from that position. As a result, the ROC still governed Taiwan but was no longer recognized as a member state of
1426-478: The divide between Taiwan and mainland China. This has been further exacerbated by Taiwan's history as a colony of the Japanese Empire, which led to the establishment of a unique Taiwanese identity and the desire for Taiwan independence . The Taiwan independence movement has grown considerably stronger in recent decades, and has especially become a viable force on the island ever since the ROC's transition to
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1472-458: The end of authoritarian rule in the 1980s, there was a shift in power within the KMT away from the faction who had accompanied Chiang to Taiwan. Taiwanese who grew up under Japanese rule, which accounted for more than 85% of the population, gained more influence and the KMT began to move away from its ideology of cross-strait unification. After the exposure of 1987 Lieyu massacre in June, martial law
1518-606: The formation of a political union between the two republics. Together with full Taiwan independence , unification is one of the main proposals to address questions on the political status of Taiwan , which is a central focus of Cross-Strait relations . In 1895, the Manchu -led Qing dynasty of China lost the First Sino-Japanese War and was forced to cede Taiwan and Penghu to the Empire of Japan after signing
1564-410: The free exchange of ideas and culture. On 21 April 2020, Lam was splashed with paint by unidentified men while dining at a café. The Mainland Affairs Council posted on Facebook stating that Taiwan is a democratic country and cannot tolerate such behaviors. A self-proclaimed member of the Unionist Party left a message under the post, reading, "This is just our first warning to you, [we will] kill you in
1610-470: The importance of a unified Greater China area, which purportedly include Taiwan, arose in both the Kuomintang and the CCP in the years during and after the civil war. For the PRC, the claim of the Greater China area was part of a nationalist argument for territorial integrity. In the civil war years it set the communist movement apart from the ROC, which had lost Manchuria , the ancestral homeland of
1656-498: The issue remained moot under President Chen Shui-bian, who refused to accept talks under Beijing's pre-conditions. Under the PRC administration of Hu Jintao , incorporating Taiwan lost emphasis amid the reality that the DPP presidency in Taiwan would be held by pro-independence President Chen until 2008. Instead, the emphasis shifted to meetings with politicians who opposed independence. A series of high-profile visits in 2005 to China by
1702-448: The leaders of the three pan-Blue Coalition parties was seen as an implicit recognition of the status quo by the PRC government. Notably, Kuomintang chairman Lien Chan's trip was marked by unedited coverage of his speeches and tours (and some added positive commentary) by government-controlled media and meetings with high level officials including Hu Jintao. Similar treatment (though marked with less historical significance and media attention)
1748-620: The legitimate successor state to the Qing dynasty during the years following the fall of the Qing dynasty. In the year 1945, the ROC won the Second Sino-Japanese War , which was intertwined with World War II , and took control of Taiwan on behalf of the Allied Powers , following the Japanese surrender. The ROC immediately asserted its claim to Taiwan as " Taiwan Province, Republic of China ", basing its claim on
1794-432: The loss of Taiwan's democracy , human rights , and Taiwanese nationalism . Opponents either favor maintaining the status quo of the Republic of China administrating Taiwan or the pursuit of Taiwan independence. The Constitution of the Republic of China states that its territory includes the mainland, but the official policy of the Taiwanese government is dependent on which coalition is currently in power. The position of
1840-741: The mainland Taiwan Affairs Office were indicted for contravening the Anti-Infiltration Act and election laws. The Ministry of the Interior stated that it would seek to forcibly disband the CUPP for engaging in illegal election interference on behalf of the Chinese Communist Party . The controversy about the China Unification Promotion Party mainly revolves around its pro- Chinese Communist Party position, intimidating pro-democracy activists from Hong Kong and Pan-Green Coalition leaders in Taiwan, using
1886-546: The triad background of their members. Lam Wing-kee , the owner of Causeway Bay Books , announced in September 2019 that he planned to re-open the store in Taiwan. The store focuses on the history, social economy and other cultural related books of Hong Kong, Taiwan, and mainland China. The store publishes the works of dissident creators, and serve as a connection and mutual assistance base for people in Taiwan and Hong Kong, dedicated to preserving Hong Kong culture and promoting
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1932-773: The years following World War II. The ROC violently suppressed this resistance which culminated in the February 28 Incident in 1947. At the de facto end of the Chinese Civil War in 1950, KMT and CCP government faced each other across the Strait, with each aiming for a military takeover of the other. From 1928 to 1942, the CCP maintained that Taiwan was a separate nation. In a 1937 interview with Edgar Snow , Mao Zedong stated "we will extend them (the Koreans) our enthusiastic help in their struggle for independence. The same thing applies for Taiwan." The irredentist narrative emphasizing
1978-657: Was developed in the 1970s as part of the CCP's strategy to address the " Taiwan issue " as China started to normalize foreign relations with a number of countries including the United States and Japan. According to the state-run China Internet Information Center , in 1979, the National People's Congress published the Message to Compatriots in Taiwan ( 告台湾同胞书 ) which included the term "Chinese reunification" as an ideal for Cross-Strait relations . In 1981,
2024-511: Was finally lifted in Taiwan on 15 July 1987. Following the Wild Lily student movement , President Lee Teng-hui announced in 1991 that his government no longer disputed the rule of the CCP in China, leading to semi-official peace talks (leading to what would be termed as the " 1992 Consensus ") between the two sides. The PRC broke off these talks in 1999 when President Lee described relations with
2070-1595: Was given during subsequent visits by PFP chairman James Soong and New Party chairman Yok Mu-ming. The CCP and the Pan-Blue Coalition parties emphasized their common ground in renewed negotiations under the 1992 consensus, opening the Three Links , and opposing Taiwan's formal independence. Non-Partisan Solidarity Union Lai Ching-te ( DPP ) Hsiao Bi-khim ( DPP ) Cho Jung-tai ( DPP ) 11th Legislative Yuan Han Kuo-yu ( KMT ) Shieh Ming-yan acting Vacant Vacant Vacant Control Yuan Chen Chu Lee Hung-chun Local government Central Election Commission Kuomintang Democratic Progressive Party Taiwan People's Party Others New Power Party Taiwan Statebuilding Party People First Party Taiwan Solidarity Union New Party Non-Partisan Solidarity Union Newspapers United Daily News Liberty Times China Times Taipei Times Propaganda Censorship Film censorship Lin Chia-lung Cross-Strait relations Special state-to-state relations One Country on Each Side 1992 Consensus Taiwan consensus Chinese Taipei Australia–Taiwan relations Canada–Taiwan relations France–Taiwan relations Russia–Taiwan relations Taiwan–United Kingdom relations Taiwan–United States relations Republic of China (1912–1949) Chinese Civil War One-China policy China and
2116-404: Was something of a big tent party in that it lacked a central ideology and fielded various candidates who ran more on their personal qualities rather than a well-articulated commonality. The party won six seats in the 6th Legislative Yuan (2005–2008), three seats in the 7th Legislative Yuan (2008–2012), two seats in the 2012 election and one in the 2016 election . This article about
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