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74-466: The CME Church was organized on December 16, 1870, in Jackson, Tennessee , by 41 former enslaved congregants, with the full support of their white sponsors in their former Methodist Episcopal Church, South . They met to form an organization that would allow them to establish and maintain their own polity. They ordained their own bishops and ministers without their being officially endorsed or appointed by

148-531: A Superior Court and Sheriff (as an officer of the court ), both located in a designated "shire town". Bennington County, Vermont has two shire towns; the court for "North Shire" is in the shire town Manchester , and the Sheriff for the county and court for "South Shire" are in the shire town Bennington. In 2024, Connecticut , which had not defined their counties for anything but statistical, historical and weather warning purposes since 1960, along with ending

222-581: A poll tax , and resulted in reducing voting by many blacks and poor whites. After Reconstruction, white violence increased against blacks. In 1886, Eliza Woods , an African-American woman, was lynched in Jackson after being accused of poisoning and killing her employer, Jessie Woolen. Woolen's husband later confessed to the crime. Two other African Americans were known to have been lynched by whites in Madison County in this period that extended into

296-560: A Union position on the Mississippi north of Memphis. Forrest returned to Jackson again later that year in preparation for an attack on Federal river traffic on the Tennessee River east of Paris and the supply base at Johnsonville. With the emancipation of slaves and passage of US constitutional amendments granting suffrage to African-American males, Jackson's freedmen and formerly free people of color began to participate in

370-452: A city council or board of commission, to be elected from single-member districts. As a result, more African-American and women candidates have been elected as representatives from those jurisdictions. The dissolution of the former government in Jackson resulted in the need for an elected city school board, since one of the commissioners had previously managed education. The city commissioners chose to consolidate their school system with that of

444-410: A county seat may be an independent city surrounded by, but not part of, the county of which it is the administrative center; for example, Fairfax City is both the county seat of Fairfax County, Virginia and completely surrounded by Fairfax County, but the city is politically independent of the county. When the county seat is in the independent city, government offices such as the courthouse may be in

518-601: A merger. This "Birmingham Plan" was approved by the CME General Conference but did not win enough support in the annual conferences. in the late 20th century, the CME Church engaged in new talks with the AME Zion Church on a merger, with CME General Conference delegates approving a union in principle in 1986, and AME Zion delegates giving the same approval in 1988. Bishops of each church reopened

592-681: A severe thunderstorm hit Jackson, dropping 13 inches of rain in a short period of time. Flash floods destroyed many homes and streets. Jackson developed rapidly just prior to the Civil War as a railroad junction and maintenance shop for several early railroads, including the Mississippi Central , the Tennessee Central and the Mobile and Ohio lines. Located over seventy miles east of Memphis, Jackson lies along

666-593: Is an administrative center, seat of government , or capital city of a county or civil parish . The term is in use in five countries: Canada , China , Hungary , Romania , and the United States . An equivalent term, shire town , is used in the U.S. state of Vermont and in several other English-speaking jurisdictions, such as Venezuela . In Canada , the provinces of Ontario , Quebec , New Brunswick , Prince Edward Island , and Nova Scotia have counties as an administrative division of government below

740-491: Is displayed in the area includes murals, performance art shows, galleries, live concerts, and theatrical/ballet productions. The district is also home to a number of small shops. Built in 1973, the Carl Perkins Civic Center is a multi purpose events facility with seating for 2,200. It is named for singer Carl Perkins . The center is located on the south side of the downtown square. The city of Jackson

814-796: Is home to a number of institutions of higher learning which offer collegiate sports, including Union University , Lane College , and Jackson State Community College . Union University has won six national titles (NAIA- 1998, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010 and NCCAA- 2014) in women's basketball. In 2018, the Lady Bulldogs advanced to the Final Four of the NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament . In addition to success in women's basketball, Union boasts NCCAA national titles in volleyball (2003), men's soccer (2004), and softball (2001, 2002, 2004, 2013). County seat A county seat

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888-409: Is known as the seat of its county. Generally, the county legislature, county courthouse, sheriff's department headquarters, hall of records, jail and correctional facility are located in the county seat, though some functions (such as highway maintenance, which usually requires a large garage for vehicles, along with asphalt and salt storage facilities) may also be located or conducted in other parts of

962-534: Is the larger principal city of the Jackson-Humboldt CSA , a Combined Statistical Area that includes the Jackson metropolitan area ( Chester and Madison counties) and the Humboldt micropolitan area ( Gibson County ), which had a combined population of 180,509 at the 2020 census . In the 2020 United States census , there were 68,205 people, 25,925 households, and 16,075 families residing in

1036-854: The King James Version of the Bible . The official logo or symbol of the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church was originally authorized by Bishop B. Julian Smith for the Centennial General Conference held in Memphis, 1970. It was officially adopted by the General Conference in 1974 as the denomination's connectional marker. Designed by Will E. Chambers, the logo shows the place of the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church in

1110-575: The Madison County school system in 1990, creating the Jackson-Madison County School Board. This was also done to achieve desegregation goals. The nine-member board is elected from six districts across the county; three districts elect two members each and the other three each elect one member. All members are elected for four-year terms, with elections held on a staggered basis every two years. The demographics of

1184-627: The Tennessee River on December 17. Grant ordered a soldier concentration at Jackson under Brigadier General Jeremiah C. Sullivan and sent a cavalry force under Colonel Robert G. Ingersoll . Forrest's command defeated the Union cavalry in Lexington, Tennessee on December 18. As Forrest continued his advance the following day, Sullivan ordered Colonel Adolph Englemann to take a small force northeast of Jackson. At Old Salem Cemetery, acting on

1258-491: The doctrines and discipline of the Church. The General Conference, held every four years, comprises an equal number of clergy and lay delegates and is when a bishop can be elected. In each Annual Conference, CME bishops serve for four-year terms. CME Church bishops may be male or female. In 2006, there were an estimated 850,000 members in 3,500 churches. As of 2021, the CME Church has grown to more than 1.5 million members across

1332-623: The CME denomination commonly include a Responsive Reading from scripture . A leader reads a line of scripture and the congregation reads a response. Bible passages are not arranged by topic; responsive readings are. Often, a single responsive reading consists of excerpts from several Bible passages. The CME Responsive Readings are published in The Hymnal of the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church . Items 1–545 are songs, and items 546–604 are Responsive Readings. The official Responsive Readings are from

1406-511: The Dyersburg branch. Jackson had been a west Tennessee hub for passenger train service. Passengers had direct service to Memphis, Nashville, Meridian, Montgomery, Mobile, Birmingham, Jacksonville, Daytona, Miami, Centralia, Champaign-Urbana, Springfield, Chicago, St. Louis, and New Orleans. From the 1930s to the 1960s, multiple regularly scheduled passenger trains of the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio and

1480-608: The Illinois Central made stops at Union Station. Gulf, Mobile and Ohio trains included: Illinois Central trains included: According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 49.5 square miles (128 km ), all land. Jackson has a humid subtropical climate ( Cfa ) within the Köppen climate classification system, with hot, humid summers and cool winters. Jackson

1554-685: The South. Between December 11, 1862, and January 1, 1863, an engagement at Jackson occurred during Confederate Brigadier General Nathan Bedford Forrest 's expedition into West Tennessee. Forrest wanted to disrupt the rail supply line to Grant's army, which was campaigning along the route of the Mississippi Central Railroad . If Forrest destroyed the Mobile & Ohio Railroad running south from Columbus, Kentucky through Jackson, Grant would have to curtail or halt his operations altogether. Forrest's 2,100-man cavalry brigade crossed

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1628-549: The Tennessee Midland was abandoned east of Cordova with the exception of some track in Jackson. That track is now used to deliver goods to Jackson's east and west industrial parks. The Tennessee Midland Railway Company line from Memphis to Jackson was the forerunner of the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway . This line was often referred to as the "NC" by locals. Like all other railroads to enter Jackson, it

1702-685: The United States with mission and sister churches in Haiti, Jamaica and fourteen African nations. The foundational doctrines of the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church are found in what is commonly referred to in Wesleyan Methodism as The Articles of Religion. The Articles of Religion were derived from the Church of England and abridged by John Wesley, Founder of Methodism, for Methodists in America in 1784. Sunday worship services in

1776-884: The United States, followed by Towson , the county seat of Baltimore County, Maryland . Likewise, some county seats may not be incorporated in their own right, but are located within incorporated municipalities. For example, Cape May Court House, New Jersey , though unincorporated, is a section of Middle Township , an incorporated municipality. In some states, often those that were among the original Thirteen Colonies , county seats include or formerly included "Court House" as part of their name, such as Spotsylvania Courthouse, Virginia . Most counties have only one county seat. However, some counties in Alabama , Arkansas , Georgia , Iowa , Kentucky , Massachusetts , Mississippi , Missouri , New Hampshire , New York , and Vermont have two or more county seats, usually located on opposite sides of

1850-716: The United States, in actions authorized by the Indian Removal Act of 1830 and ratified by the US Senate. European-American settlement of Jackson began along the Forked Deer River before 1820, primarily by migrants from eastern areas of the Upper South, such as Virginia and Kentucky. Originally named Alexandria, the city was renamed in 1822 to honor General Andrew Jackson , a hero of the War of 1812 . He

1924-447: The United States, with 624.6 violent crimes per 100,000 residents. According to Morgan Quitno 's 2010 Metropolitan Crime Rate Rankings the Jackson metropolitan area had the 13th highest crime rate in the United States. In 2007, Jackson ranked 9th most dangerous. In 2006, it had been listed as the 18th most dangerous. Jackson was the site of the now permanently closed International Rock-A-Billy Hall of Fame Museum, which recognized

1998-460: The ability of African Americans to register and vote. The City Charter was amended to include run-off elections within two weeks in cases of one candidate not receiving a majority of votes. This created an extra burden on campaigns by less wealthy candidates. In Jackson, the total effect of these changes to the city electoral system was to reduce the ability of African Americans in the 20th century to elect candidates of their choice and to participate in

2072-432: The area as it was developed. As county seat, Jackson was a trading town and retail center for surrounding agricultural areas. But developing as a railroad hub of several lines was most important to Jackson's industrial and population growth, from 1852 on for the next hundred years. In 1862 Tennessee came under the control of Union forces and was occupied until General Ulysses S. Grant decided to concentrate his efforts to

2146-406: The average family size was 3.03. In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 13.4% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.7 males. The median income for a household in the city

2220-569: The city's significant minority of African-American residents. (According to the 1980 Census, the city population was 49,074, of whom 16,847, or 34.3%, were black.) Since 1915, no black person had ever been elected to, or served on, the Board of Commissioners. The court found this commission electoral system to be discriminatory in effect. Over the decades, the African-American minority was effectively closed out of city government. The case

2294-595: The city. In the census of 2010, there were 65,211 people, 25,191 households, and 15,951 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,317 inhabitants per square mile (508/km ). There were 28,052 housing units at an average density of 566.3 per square mile (218.6/km ). Since the 2010 Census, the city has added 9.4459 (24.5/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 49.2% White , 45.07% African American , 0.2% Native American , 1.2% Asian , 0.02% Pacific Islander , 2.3% from other races , and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.0% of

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2368-479: The contributions of Tennessee musicians to this genre. In 1956, the city of Jackson purchased the Chester Street home of famed locomotive engineer, Casey Jones, to turn into a museum and tourist attraction. The museum opened to the public on April 30, and Governor Frank Clement was the main speaker for the ceremony. In 1978, a proposal to move the home and museum north to a plot of land next to Interstate 40

2442-526: The counties after his unification, there were about 1,000. Under the Eastern Han dynasty , the number of counties increased to above 1,000. About 1400 existed when the Sui dynasty abolished the commandery level (郡 jùn), which was the level just above counties, and demoted some commanderies to counties. In Imperial China, the county was a significant administrative unit because it marked the lowest level of

2516-438: The county in 2012 for major ethnic groups were 60.3% white and 37% African American. In 2008 the school system was still under a court order supervising its desegregation progress. In the post- World War II era, the railroad industry underwent restructuring and mergers. (See section below). By the end of the 1960s, it sharply reduced passenger service to Jackson; there were related losses of associated industrial jobs supporting

2590-418: The county, especially if it is geographically large. A county seat is usually an incorporated municipality . The exceptions include the county seats of counties that have no incorporated municipalities within their borders, such as Arlington County, Virginia , where the county seat is the entire county. Ellicott City , the county seat of Howard County, Maryland , is the largest unincorporated county seat in

2664-420: The county. Examples include Harrison County, Mississippi , which has both Biloxi and Gulfport as county seats, and Hinds County, Mississippi , which has both Raymond and the state capital of Jackson . The practice of multiple county seat towns dates from the days when travel was difficult. There have been few efforts to eliminate the two-seat arrangement, since a county seat is a source of civic pride for

2738-454: The defensive, Englemann's two infantry regiments repulsed a Confederate mounted attack, then withdrew a mile closer to the city. The fight amounted to no more than a feint and show of force intended to hold Jackson's Union defenders in position, while two mounted Confederate columns destroyed railroad track to both the north and south of the town, then returned. Forrest withdrew from the Jackson area to attack Trenton and Humboldt after this mission

2812-475: The early 20th century. In 1915, Jackson was one of several cities in the state to adopt a commission form of government, changing its electoral scheme to at-large voting citywide for three designated positions: a mayor and two commissioners. This resulted in a government dominated by the majority, with no representatives elected from minority populations. (Other cities to make this change included Clarksville , Chattanooga , Knoxville and Nashville .) Although

2886-465: The first woman bishop in 2010. In 2022, the church elected its second woman bishop. In addition, Jefferson-Snorton became the "first woman to give the episcopal address" during the quadrennial General Conference. Jackson, Tennessee Jackson is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, Tennessee , United States. Located 70 miles (110 km) east of Memphis , it is a regional center of trade for West Tennessee . Its total population

2960-643: The founders of Jackson are buried. The cemetery's acres of old trees and many of the statues, monuments, and graves were damaged during the tornado. Parts of the Union University campus were damaged in November 2002 . The downtown area was devastated in May 2003 by an F4 tornado, and there were eight deaths. Many dormitories at the Union campus were demolished in a storm in February 2008 . On May 1, 2010,

3034-424: The imperial bureaucratic structure; in other words, it was the lowest level that the government reached. Government below the county level was often undertaken through informal non-bureaucratic means, varying between dynasties. The head of a county was the magistrate , who oversaw both the day-to-day operations of the county as well as civil and criminal cases. The current number of counties mostly resembled that of

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3108-585: The increase of Han Chinese population in Taiwan, the number of counties also grew by time. By the end of Qing era, there were 11 counties in Taiwan. Protestant missionaries in China first romanized the term as hien . When Taiwan became a Japanese colony in 1895, the hierarchy of divisions also incorporated into the Japanese system in the period when Taiwan was under Japanese rule. By September 1945, Taiwan

3182-573: The independent city under an agreement, such as in Albemarle , or may in be enclaves of the county surrounded by the independent city, such as in Fairfax . Others, such as Prince William , have the courthouse in an enclave surrounded by the independent city and have the county government, the Board of Supervisors, in a different part of the county, far from the county seat. The following counties have their county seat in an independent city: Bedford

3256-758: The later years of the Qing dynasty . Changes of location and names of counties in Chinese history have been a major field of research in Chinese historical geography, especially from the 1960s to the 1980s. There are 1,355 counties in Mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions. In Taiwan , the first counties were first established in 1661 by the Kingdom of Tungning . The later ruler Qing empire inherited this type of administrative divisions. With

3330-530: The political system. In 1977, the former company town of Bemis just south of Jackson, was annexed by the city of Jackson. In 1977, three city residents filed suit against the city in US District Court, in Buchanan v. City of Jackson (1988), (683 F.Supp. 1515), challenging the structure and electoral system of the city government because the at-large voting had diluted the voting power of

3404-574: The political system. But secret vigilante groups, such as the Ku Klux Klan , developed chapters in Tennessee and throughout the South that intimidated and attacked freedmen in order to exercise white supremacy . As Reconstruction continued, they worked to suppress the black Republican vote. In the late 19th century, the white-dominated state legislature passed several laws that made voter registration and voting more difficult, including payment of

3478-411: The population. There were 25,191 households, out of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.6% were married couples living together, 21.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.7% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.59% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and

3552-528: The produce of the region to market in Jackson and Dyersburg. The Birmingham and Northwestern Railway Company had four locomotives, five passenger cars, and 92 freight cars. When Isaac B. Tigrett became President of the GM&;N in 1920, he ceased to direct the affairs of the Birmingham and Northwestern Railroad Company. After he became president of the GM&O, the railroad was purchased and merged to become

3626-775: The provincial level, and thus county seats. In the provinces of Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia the term "shire town" is used in place of county seat. County seats in China are the administrative centers of the counties in the People's Republic of China . Xian have existed since the Warring States period and were set up nationwide by the Qin dynasty . The number of counties in China proper gradually increased from dynasty to dynasty. As Qin Shi Huang reorganized

3700-576: The question in 1999, adopting a timeline for an eventual merger. In May 2012, The Christian Methodist Episcopal Church entered into full communion with the United Methodist Church , African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church , African Union Methodist Protestant Church , African Methodist Episcopal Church , and Union American Methodist Episcopal Church . These Churches agreed to "recognize each other's churches, share sacraments, and affirm their clergy and ministries." The church elected

3774-575: The railroads in the late 19th century with the construction of railroads after the American Civil War . Through the 1960s, the city was served by 15 passenger trains daily, but industry restructuring reduced such service and caused the loss of jobs. The economy has adjusted to new businesses, with major manufacturing in the area. This area was occupied by the historic Chickasaw people at the time of European encounter. They were pushed out by European-American settlers under various treaties with

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3848-471: The railroads, causing economic problems in the region. Between 1999 and 2008, several violent tornadoes struck large portions of the city. The McKellar-Sipes Regional Airport was severely damaged in January 1999 , a storm that resulted in eleven fatalities. The 1999 tornado also damaged the 30-acre (120,000 m ) Riverside Cemetery , where 40 known Confederate soldiers, 140 unknowns, and many families of

3922-715: The rapidly changing urbanized society and its relation to God's people. The logo is composed of: Since the early 20th century the CME Church has explored the possibility of merging with other African American Methodist churches that are very similar in doctrine and practice. In 1918 representatives of the CME Church, the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church, and the African Methodist Episcopal Zion (AME Zion) Church met in Birmingham, Alabama where they agreed to propose

3996-484: The seat of justice were Alexandria, Golden's Station, and Jackson. The larger portion of the settlers at that time were living on Cotton Grove Road, and as Jackson was closer to them than either of the other settlements, this settlement was determined to be the more suitable site for the seat of justice. At the time of the second Tennessee State Constitution in 1834, when the Tennessee Supreme Court

4070-568: The shortest rail route between Cairo, IL ; Jackson, Mississippi (Mississippi's capital); and New Orleans , Louisiana. As the railroad was extended from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico , Jackson, Tennessee was perfectly situated as a station along the north–south line; and, to serve as a junction between the north–south line, and lines east and west between Memphis and Nashville , the major cities of West and Middle Tennessee . The first

4144-431: The state in 1913 enacted a law enabling cities to adopt the commission form of government independently, Jackson was chartered by the state for this change. The commissioners each were allocated specific responsibilities, for instance, for the school system and city departments. In the late 19th century, the state of Tennessee had already adopted residency requirements, voting process, and poll taxes that sharply reduced

4218-618: The state until after passage of federal constitutional amendments following the Civil War that granted them citizenship and suffrage. This area was initially developed for agricultural purposes, especially cotton plantations for producing the chief commodity crop of the Mississippi Valley and Deep South. Cotton plantations were dependent on the labor of Slavery in the United States/enslaved African Americans, and thousands were brought into

4292-777: The state's area, has no borough government or borough seat. One borough, the Lake and Peninsula Borough , has its borough seat located in another borough, namely King Salmon in Bristol Bay Borough . In Louisiana , which is divided into parishes rather than counties, county seats are referred to as "parish seats". In New England , counties have served mainly as dividing lines for the states' judicial systems. Rhode Island has no county level of government and thus no county seats, and Massachusetts has dissolved many but not all of its county governments. In Vermont , Massachusetts , and Maine county government consists only of

4366-414: The station of Tigrett, and by April 20, 1912, 38 miles (61 km) of the line were ready for operations. On June 16 the remaining 11-mile (18 km) sector was set into service, connecting Dyersburg with Jackson. When the line began operations in 1912, its president was Isaac B. Tigrett, a prominent young banker of Jackson. The railroad became an important local thoroughfare, used to transport much of

4440-416: The towns involved, along with providing employment opportunities. There are 33 counties with multiple county seats in 11 states: Alaska is divided into boroughs rather than counties; the county seat in these case is referred to as the "borough seat"; this includes six consolidated city-borough governments (one of which is styled as a "municipality"). The Unorganized Borough, Alaska , which covers 49% of

4514-544: The use of county seats in particular, will fully transition with the permission of the United States Census Bureau to a system of councils of government for the purposes of boundary definition and as county equivalents. Two counties in South Dakota , Oglala Lakota and Todd , have their county seat and government services centered in a neighboring county. Their county-level services are provided by Fall River County and Tripp County , respectively. In Virginia ,

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4588-659: The white-dominated body. They called this fellowship the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church in America . The church used this name until 1954, when successors adopted the C.M.E.C. name. In the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church, bishops are the Chief Officers and are elected by "delegate" votes for life until the age of 74, when he/she must retire. Among their duties are the responsibilities of appointing clergy to serve in local churches as pastors , performing ordinations , and safeguarding

4662-407: Was $ 38,169, and the median income for a family was $ 45,938. Males had a median income of $ 41,085 versus $ 30,436 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 23,762. About 15.6% of families and 21.6% of the population were below the poverty line , including 36% of those under age 18 and 8.24% of those age 65 or over. As of 2020, the Jackson metropolitan area, Tennessee ranked 38th worst in

4736-538: Was 68,205 as of the 2020 United States census . Jackson is the primary city of the Jackson, Tennessee metropolitan area , which is included in the Jackson- Humboldt, Tennessee combined statistical area . Jackson is Madison County 's largest city, and the second-largest city in West Tennessee after Memphis. It is home to the Tennessee Supreme Court 's courthouse for West Tennessee , as Jackson

4810-499: Was accomplished. As a result of the destruction of the railroad, Grant abandoned his plans to invade Mississippi from Tennessee in favor of an attack on Vicksburg, Mississippi , for control of the river. Federal troops left Jackson and moved to Memphis, which became a major center for Union troops for the duration of the war. Forrest returned to Jackson in early 1864 and used the city as his headquarters as his forces attacked Federal positions in northern West Tennessee and Fort Pillow ,

4884-444: Was appealed and affirmed; the defendants ultimately proposed a new system, approved in 1988 by the court. By a new city charter, in 1989 the city created a Board of Commission based on nine single-member districts for broader representation. The mayor is elected at-large. Similar legal challenges to the electoral and city systems in Clarksville and Chattanooga led to changes in their city charters to establish more numerous members of

4958-405: Was approved, though not without much debate. The building was moved that winter. As of April 2022, a large portion of the historic Downtown area has been officially designated by the Jackson City Council as the Arts District, and is home to the Ned R. McWherter West Tennessee Cultural Arts Center, known locally as "The Ned," as well as The Carnegie Center for Arts and History. Some of the art that

5032-482: Was built with funds subscribed by citizens and investors of Jackson. The first passenger train entered Jackson from Memphis on June 1, 1888. The highly profitable railroad was merged into the Louisville and Nashville Railroad following WWII. Eventually the L&N was merged into, and is now part of, CSX Transportation . A charter was granted by the State of Tennessee on August 16, 1910, and construction began on July l, 1911. The first sector extended from Jackson to

5106-410: Was contracted and later controlled by the Illinois Central Railroad . On December 29, 1886, the Tennessee Midland Railway received a charter to build a railroad from Memphis to the Virginia state line. The line from Memphis to Jackson was completed on June 1, 1888. In 1893, the Tennessee Midland went into receivership and was sold at foreclosure to the L&N Railroad. Circa 1968, the remainder of

5180-518: Was divided into 8 prefectures ( 州 and 廳 ), which remained after the Republic of China took over. There are 13 county seats in Taiwan, which function as county-administered cities , urban townships , or rural townships . In most of the United States , a county is an administrative or political subdivision of a state that consists of a geographic area with specific boundaries and usually some level of governmental authority. The city, town, or populated place that houses county government

5254-540: Was established, Memphis had not yet been developed. The county seat of Jackson was the most significant city in West Tennessee and this was designated as a site for the State Supreme Court in this part of the state. The city of Jackson did not establish public elections until 1837, with a Board of Aldermen elected at-large . From 1854 to 1915, Jackson had a Board of Aldermen of eight members elected from four districts, each with two members elected at-large . Free people of color and freedmen were not allowed to vote in

5328-585: Was later elected as President of the United States . The City of Jackson was founded by an act of the Tennessee General Assembly , passed in 1821, entitled an "act to establish a seat of justice for Henry, Carroll, Henderson and Madison Counties." The act required 50 acres (20 ha) of land to be deeded to the commissioners. The commissioners chosen by the Legislature were Sterling Brewer and James Fentress. The places considered for

5402-532: Was the Mobile and Ohio Railroad , which began in October 1849 in Mobile, Alabama . The line first entered Jackson in 1851. These tracks were completely destroyed during the Civil War. The line merged with the Gulf, Mobile and Northern Railroad in 1940 to become the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad . The second railroad to enter Jackson was the Mississippi Central & Tennessee. In 1873, the line

5476-426: Was the major city in the west when the court was established in 1834. In the antebellum era, Jackson was the market city for an agricultural area based on cultivation of cotton, the major commodity crop. Beginning in 1851, the city became a hub of railroad systems ultimately connecting to major markets in the north and south, as well as east and west. This was key to its development, attracting trade and many workers on

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