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63-459: Christian Frederick was the eldest son of Hereditary Prince Frederick , a younger son of King Frederick V of Denmark and Norway. As his cousin Frederick VI had no sons, Christian Frederick was heir presumptive to the throne from 1808. Prince Christian Frederick of Denmark and Norway was born late in the morning on 18 September 1786 at Christiansborg Palace , the principal residence of

126-537: A ceasefire to spare his country from destruction. According to Eigtved's master plans for Frederikstad and the Amalienborg Palaces, the four palaces surrounding the plaza were conceived of as town mansions for the families of chosen nobility. Their exteriors were identical, but interiors differed. The site on which the aristocrats could build was given to them free of charge, and they were further exempted from taxes and duties. The only conditions were that

189-635: A central fountain designed by Italian Arnaldo Pomodoro . It is owned jointly by the Danish state and the municipality of Copenhagen, and maintained by the Palaces and Properties Agency. The short axis on which Amalienborg lies, Frederiksgade (English: "Frederik's Street"), has been much discussed due to construction the building of the Copenhagen Opera House in 2001–04. Aligned on the short axis are: The long axis on which Amalienborg lies

252-526: A navy bearskin cap. The guard march from Rosenborg Castle at 11.30 am daily through the streets of Copenhagen and execute the changing of the guard in front of Amalienborg at noon. In addition, post replacement is conducted every two hours. When the monarch is in residence, the King's Guard ( Kongevagt ) also march alongside the changing of the guard at noon, accompanied by a band that plays traditional military marches. The Guard Lieutenant ( Løjtnantsvagt )

315-414: A new Garrison Church. The second Amalienborg was built by Frederick IV at the beginning of his reign. The second Amalienborg consisted of a summerhouse, a central pavilion with orangeries , and arcades on both side of the pavilion. On one side of the buildings was a French-style garden, and on the other side were military drill grounds. The pavilion had a dining room on the groundfloor. On the upper floor

378-416: A royal residence. They occupied the new residence December 1794. After Christian VII's death in 1808, Frederick VI used the palace for his Royal Household . The Ministry of Foreign Affairs used parts of the palace from 1852 to 1885. For short periods of time in the intervening years the palace has housed various members of the royal family while restoration took place on their respective palaces. In 1971–1975

441-515: A small kindergarten was established at the palace, and later a schoolroom, for Crown Prince Frederik and Prince Joachim . After 200 years the façade, decorated by German sculptor Johann Christoph Petzold , was severely damaged, causing parts of Amalienborg Place to be closed to prevent injury. In 1982, exterior and interior restoration began that completed in early 1996, Copenhagen's year as European Capital of Culture . In 1999, Europa Nostra , an international preservation organisation, acknowledged

504-659: A succession crisis. Christian commenced arrangements to secure the succession in Denmark . The result was the selection of the future Christian IX as hereditary prince, the choice made official by a new law enacted on 31 July 1853 after an international treaty made in London. King Christian died of sepsis in Amalienborg Palace in 1848 and was interred in Roskilde Cathedral on the island of Zealand ,

567-465: Is always alerted when King Frederik or another member of the royal family is in residence. There are three types of watches: King's Watch, Lieutenant Watch and Palace Watch. A King's Watch is when His Majesty the King takes up residence in Christian IX's Palace. A Lieutenant Watch is when Prince Joachim, or Princess Benedikte, takes the place as regent, when the monarch is unable to. A Palace Watch

630-419: Is little evidence to support this. On 3 December 1839 he ascended the Danish throne as Christian VIII. The Liberal party had high hopes of "the giver of constitutions." However, by this time, Christian had become more conservative, and disappointed his admirers by steadily rejecting every Liberal project. Administrative reform was the only reform he would promise. In his attitude to the growing national unrest in

693-479: Is located in Copenhagen . Frederick VIII's palace complex has four identical Classical façades, effectively four palaces, with Rococo interiors, laid around an octagonal courtyard ( Danish : Amalienborg Slotsplads ). At the centre is a large equestrian statue of Frederick V . Amalienborg was originally built for four noble families, but after Christiansborg Palace burned in 1794 the royal family bought

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756-524: Is the southeastern palace, and is also known as Schack's Palace. It has been the home of Queen Margrethe II since 1967. Building work was commenced in 1750 by Eigtved, and was supervised first by architect Christian Josef Zuber and later by Philip de Lange . It was originally commissioned by Privy Councillor Severin Løvenskjold , but in 1754 he had to give up due to economic difficulties. The project

819-474: Is when no member of the royal family is in the palace, and it is the smallest one. The equestrian statue of King Frederik V was commissioned by Moltke, as Director for the Danish Asiatic Company , and it was made by French sculptor Jacques Saly . Work began in 1753, and the foundation stone was laid in place in 1760 at the 100-year celebration of political absolutism in Denmark. The statue

882-534: The Danish Monarchy on the island of Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen . He was officially the eldest son of Hereditary Prince Frederick of Denmark and Norway and Duchess Sophia Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . His father was a younger son of the deceased King Frederick V of Denmark -Norway and his second wife, Duchess Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel , and his mother was a daughter of Duke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . On 28 September 1786,

945-523: The Duchy of Holstein . It was here, that Charlotte Frederica gave birth to their first-born son, Prince Christian Frederick, who was born and died on 8 April 1807. From 1808 the couple lived in Copenhagen, where they took residence partly at Levetzau's Palace at Amalienborg, and partly at Sorgenfri Palace. On 6 October 1808, their second son and only surviving child was born, Prince Frederick Carl Christian,

1008-494: The Indre By district, in the early 17th century when he had been king. Other parts of the land were used for Rosenborg Castle , Nyboder , and the new Eastern fortified wall around the old city. It included a garden, a replacement for the "Queen's Garden" which had been located beyond the city's western gate Vesterport , an area today known as Vesterbro , and which had been destroyed under siege from Sweden in 1659 . Work on

1071-766: The Queen Dowager , Caroline Amalie , died in 1881. From 1885 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs used parts of the palace, but moved in 1898 when the palace became the residence of Crown Prince Christian (X) and Princess Alexandrine . After the death of Christian X the Palace was placed at the disposal of Prince Knud , the Heir Presumptive . The palace was the home of Crown Prince Frederik until his marriage in 2004. From 2018 to 2019, Queen Margrethe II's eldest grandchild Prince Nikolai lived in an apartment in

1134-585: The Royal Danish Military Academy , also known as the Army Cadet Academy ( Landkadetakademi ). In 1788 naval cadets replaced the army cadets until the academy moved to another location in 1827. The following year the palace was prepared to house King Christian VIII's son, Frederik VII , who ascended the throne in 1848, and his bride, Princess Vilhelmine . Architect Jørgen Hansen Koch successfully and thoroughly refurbished

1197-558: The Dowager Queen Juliane Marie , and their adviser Ove Høegh-Guldberg . In 1784, however, the king's only son, the young Crown Prince Frederick (later King Frederick VI ), had seized power in a palace revolution and was now the real ruler. In Prince Christian Frederick's childhood, his family had a strained relationship with the Crown Prince and his family as a result of these power struggles, but gradually

1260-532: The Hereditary Prince's goodwill towards his hofmarschall and continues: ... my uncle appreciates the creator of the four, very adorable princes and princesses too much to want to send him away. When Prince Christian Frederick was born, his father's half-brother, Christian VII , was the King of Denmark-Norway , but due to the king's mental illness, he was not able to rule himself. From 1772, Hereditary Prince Frederick had ruled together with his mother,

1323-725: The King's thirtieth birthday. Due to Eigtved's death a few months later, final work such as the Banqueting Hall, was completed by Nicolas-Henri Jardin . Immediately after the Christiansborg Palace fire in February 1794 and two years after the death of the original owner, the royal family, headed by the King Christian VII , purchased the first of the four palaces to be sold to the royal family, and commissioned Caspar Frederik Harsdorff to turn it into

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1386-485: The Moltke and Schack Palaces were acquired in the course of a few days. Since that date successive royal family members have lived at Amalienborg as a royal residence and kings have lent their names to the four palaces; Christian VII's Palace , Christian VIII's Palace, Frederik VIII's Palace and Christian IX's Palace. A colonnade, designed by royal architect Caspar Frederik Harsdorff , was added in 1794–1795 to connect

1449-538: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.237 via cp1104 cp1104, Varnish XID 206092023 Upstream caches: cp1104 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 07:40:31 GMT Levetzau%27s Palace Amalienborg ( Danish pronunciation: [æˈmɛˀljn̩ˌpɒˀ] ) is the official residence for the Danish royal family and

1512-416: The age of 52, and the nineteen-year-old Prince Christian Frederik inherited his place as second-in-line in the succession as well as the two residences, Levetzau's Palace and Sorgenfri Palace. As King Christian VII died on 13 March 1808, Crown Prince Frederick became king of Denmark and Norway as Frederick VI. Since the new king still had no male descendants, Christian Frederick thus became heir presumptive to

1575-447: The age of just 36 years. Christian Frederick was raised conservatively according to the guidelines of minister Ove Høegh-Guldberg , who had been ousted from government in 1784 along with the hereditary prince. His upbringing was marked by a thorough and broad-spectrum education with exposure to artists and scientists who were linked to his father's court. He inherited the talents of his highly gifted mother, and his love of science and art

1638-462: The brainchild of Danish Ambassador Plenipotentiary in Paris, Johann Hartwig Ernst, Count von Bernstorff . Heading the project was Lord High Steward Adam Gottlob Moltke , one of the most powerful and influential men in the country, with Nicolai Eigtved as royal architect and supervisor. The project consisted of four identical mansions, built to house four distinguished families of nobility from

1701-470: The building. It can still be seen beside that of the monarch's. The King's half-brother Frederik bought the palace in 1794, and painter and architect Nikolai Abildgaard modernized the interiors in the new French Empire style . The palace was named Christian VIII's Palace after his son, Christian Frederik , who grew up in the palace, took over the building in 1805 upon the death of his father, and would become king in 1839. Christian VIII died in 1848, and

1764-540: The court. For this reason, her husband divorced her in 1810, sent her into internal exile in the town of Horsens , and prohibited her from ever seeing her son again. In May 1813, as the heir presumptive of the kingdoms of Denmark and Norway, Christian was sent as stattholder ( Governor-general of Norway ) to Norway to promote the loyalty of the Norwegians to the House of Oldenburg , which had been very badly shaken by

1827-537: The disastrous results of Frederick VI 's adhesion to the falling fortunes of Napoleon I of France . Christian did all he could personally to strengthen the bonds between the Norwegians and the royal house. Though his endeavours were opposed by the so-called Swedish party, which desired a dynastic union with Sweden , he placed himself at the head of the Norwegian party of independence after the Treaty of Kiel had forced

1890-482: The family lost their Copenhagen home, as Christiansborg Palace was devastated by a fire. Instead the Hereditary Prince bought the Levetzau's Palace , an 18th-century town house which forms part of the Amalienborg Palace complex in the district Frederiksstaden in central Copenhagen . In november of the same year, when he was eight years old, his mother, who had long suffered from a fragile health, died at Sorgenfri

1953-477: The family, however, it was widely acknowledged that the biological father most likely was the Hereditary Prince's aide-de-camp and hofmarschall Frederick von Blücher , who probably also fathered Christian Frederick's three younger siblings: Princess Juliane Sophie , Princess Louise Charlotte and Prince Frederick Ferdinand . In a letter written by Crown Prince Frederick to his brother-in-law Duke Frederick Christian II of Augustenburg in 1805, he thus mentions

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2016-423: The future King Frederick VII of Denmark . Nonetheless, their married life was unhappy. Charlotte Frederica was described as very beautiful in her youth, but her character was thought to be moody, capricious, frivolous and mythomaniac, qualities that were later said to recur in her son, Frederick VII. Her alleged affair with her singing teacher, Swiss-born singer and composer Édouard Du Puy , led to her removal from

2079-439: The garden began in 1664, and the castle was built from 1669 to 1673. The King died in 1670, and the Queen Dowager lived there until her death on February 20, 1685. Four years later on April 15, 1689, Sophie Amalie's son Christian V celebrated his forty-fourth birthday at the palace with the presentation of a German opera , perhaps the first opera presentation in Denmark, in a specially-built temporary theatre. The presentation

2142-452: The great powers in Norway's cause, but without success. On being pressed by the commissioners of the allied powers to bring about a union between Norway and Sweden in accordance with the terms of the treaty of Kiel, and then return to Denmark, he replied that, as a constitutional king, he could do nothing without the consent of the parliament ( Storting ), which would not be convoked until there

2205-609: The interiors. In 1794, the palace was taken over from private residence by the Prince regent , then Crown Prince Frederick , and his wife, Crown Princess Marie . He died in 1839, and she in 1852. The palace was used after her death by, among others, the Supreme Court and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It was later the home of Christian IX until his death in 1906. The home remained untouched afterwards until 1948. In 1967,

2268-579: The king to cede Norway to the king of Sweden. He was elected Regent of Norway by an assembly of notables on 16 February 1814. This election was confirmed by the Norwegian Constituent Assembly convoked at Eidsvoll on 10 April, and on 17 May the constitution was signed and Christian was unanimously elected king of Norway under the name Christian Frederick (Kristian Frederik in Norwegian ). Christian next attempted to interest

2331-447: The only sister of Frederick VI) at Augustenborg Palace on 22 May 1815. The couple was childless and lived in comparative retirement as leaders of the literary and scientific society of Copenhagen until Christian ascended the throne of Denmark. Christian had ten extramarital children, for whom he carefully provided. It has been suggested that these extramarital children included the fairy tale author Hans Christian Andersen , though there

2394-501: The palace in French Empire style in 1827–28. After the marriage was dissolved in 1837, various members of the royal family lived in the palace. In 1869, it became the home of Frederik VIII . In 1934, it became the home of King Frederik IX and Queen Ingrid . The latter lived there until her death in 2000. From 2006 to 2010 the palace underwent major renovation to accommodate the then Crown Prince couple. Christian IX's Palace

2457-535: The palace was restored for the then successor to the throne, Princess Margrethe and her husband Prince Henrik . She succeeded to the throne at the age of 31 as Margrethe II in 1972. Amalienborg is guarded day and night by Royal Life Guards ( Den Kongelige Livgarde ). Their full dress uniform is fairly similar to that of the Foot Guards regiments of the British Army : a scarlet tunic, blue trousers, and

2520-502: The palace when they perform engagements in Denmark. After Eigtved's death in 1754, royal architect Lauritz de Thurah carried out supervision of the building's construction according to Eigtved's plans. The palace was sold by the entailed estate of Restrup, which had been established in 1756 by Levertzau, the late owner. The family set one condition when they sold the building— that the Count's coat of arms should never be removed from

2583-591: The palace. Today, there is little left of the remaining rococo interior; much of the interior reflects the changing taste and style of its residents over the years. In the 1980s the palace was restored as residence for the Crown Prince, storage facilities for the Queen's Reference Library and a museum for the Royal House of Glücksborg . The museum features private royal apartments from 1863 to 1947 including original fittings and furnishings. Tours are sometimes held of

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2646-478: The palaces and moved in. Over the years various monarchs and their families have lived there, including today's King Frederik X and Queen Mary . The Frederiksstaden district was built on the former grounds of two other palaces. The first palace was called Sophie Amalienborg . It was built by Queen Sophie Amalie , consort to Frederick III , on part of the land which her father-in-law Christian IV had acquired outside of Copenhagen's old walled city, now known as

2709-448: The palaces of Christian VII and Christian VIII are open to the public. Christian VII's Palace is also known as Moltke's Palace , and was originally built for Lord High Steward Adam Gottlob Moltke . It is the southwestern palace, and has been since 1885 used to accommodate and entertain prominent guests, for receptions, and for ceremonial purposes. Moltke's Palace was erected in 1750–54 by the best craftsmen and artists of their day under

2772-571: The palaces should comply exactly to the Frederikstad architectural specifications, and that they should be built within a specified time framework. Building of the palaces on the western side of the square started in 1750. When Eigtved died in 1754 the two western palaces had been completed. The work on the other palaces was continued by Eigtved's colleague and rival, Lauritz de Thurah strictly according to Eigtved's plans. The palaces were completed in 1760. The four palaces are: Currently, only

2835-547: The rebuilding of Amalienborg in the early 1690s. In 1694, the King negotiated a deal with the Swedish building master Nicodemus Tessin the Younger , who spent some time in Copenhagen that summer reviewing the property. His drawing and model were completed in 1697. The King, however, found the plans too ambitious and instead began tearing down the existing buildings that same year, with the reclaimed building materials used to build

2898-577: The recently occupied King's palace, Moltke Palace, with that of the Crown Prince, Schack's Palace. On the morning of 9 April 1940, the day of the German invasion of Denmark during World War II , Amalienborg palace was the site of an hour-long firefight between the Danish Royal Life Guards and the 2nd Battalion of 308th Infantry Regiment of the German 198th Infantry Division . The firefight ended after Christian X of Denmark called for

2961-528: The relationship between the two branches of the royal family was normalized. Prince Christian Frederick spent the first years of his life with his siblings in the vast and magnificent Baroque Christiansborg Palace . As the family's summer residence, Hereditary Prince Friedrich in 1789 bought the smaller and elegant country house , Sorgenfri Palace , on the banks of the small river Mølleåen in Kongens Lyngby , north of Copenhagen. On 26 February 1794,

3024-563: The restoration with by presenting a medal. The palace is occasionally open to the general public for tours. Christian VIII's Palace, also known as Levetzau's Palace, is the northwestern palace and was originally built for Privy Councillor Count Christian Frederik Levetzau in 1750–60. Queen Margrethe II's grandson Count Felix currently lives in an apartment in the palace. Prince Joachim and Princess Marie , who reside permanently in France, have also had an apartment made available to them in

3087-435: The rooms on the piano nobile. Frederik VIII's Palace, also known as Brockdorff's Palace , is the northeastern palace. It has been the home of King Frederik X and Queen Mary since their marriage. It was originally built for Count Joachim Brockdorff in the 1750s. Brockdorff died in 1763, and Lord High Steward Adam Gottlob Moltke acquired the palace. Moltke sold it two years later to King Frederick V. From 1767 it housed

3150-764: The royal circles, placed around an octagonal square. These mansions (now called Palaces) form the modern palace of Amalienborg, albeit much modified over the years. When the Royal Family found themselves homeless after the Christiansborg Palace fire of 1794, the palaces were empty for long periods throughout the year, with the exception of the Brockdorff Palace, which housed the Naval Academy . The noblemen who owned them were willing to part with their mansions for promotion and money, and

3213-519: The scientific journal Astronomische Nachrichten . It was during his reign that the last remnants of Danish India , namely Tranquebar in the south and Serampore in Bengal, were sold to the British in 1845. His only legitimate son, the future Frederick VII (1808–1863) was married three times, but produced no legitimate issue. Since he was apparently unlikely to beget heirs, Christian wished to avert

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3276-431: The supervision of Eigtved. It was the most expensive of the four palaces at the time it was built, and had the most extravagant interiors. Its Great Hall ( Riddersalen ) featured woodcarvings ( boiserie ) by Louis August le Clerc , paintings by François Boucher and stucco by Giovanni Battista Fossati, and is acknowledged widely as perhaps the finest Danish Rococo interior. The mansion formally opened on 30 March 1754,

3339-420: The throne and returned to Denmark. The Storting in its turn adopted the constitutional amendments necessary to allow for a personal union with Sweden and on 4 November elected Charles XIII of Sweden as the new king of Norway, Charles II. Upon his return to Denmark, Christian married his second wife, Princess Caroline Amalie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (daughter of Louise Augusta of Denmark ,

3402-611: The throne. On a visit to his mother's relatives in Mecklenburg , Prince Christian Frederick stayed at his uncle's court in Schwerin, where he fell in love with his cousin, Duchess Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . Charlotte Frederica was a daughter of the reigning Duke Friedrich Franz I of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , and Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg . They married two years later, on 21 June 1806, at Ludwigslust . The young couple first settled at Plön Castle in

3465-441: The traditional burial site for Danish monarchs since the 15th century. Some historians and biographers believe that King Christian would have given Denmark a free constitution had he lived long enough; his last words are sometimes recorded as "I didn't make it" ( Jeg nåede det ikke ). He received the following orders and decorations: Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Denmark Too Many Requests If you report this error to

3528-439: The twin duchies of Schleswig and Holstein he often seemed hesitant and half-hearted, which damaged his position there. It was not until 1846 that he clearly supported the idea of Schleswig being a Danish area. King Christian VIII continued his predecessor's patronage of astronomy , awarding gold medals for the discovery of comets by telescope and financially supporting Heinrich Christian Schumacher with his publication of

3591-411: The young prince was baptized with the names Christian Frederick in his mother's chamber at Christiansborg Palace by the royal confessor Christian Bastholm. His godparents were King Christian VII (his uncle), the dowager queen Juliana Maria (his grandmother), Crown Prince Frederick (his cousin), Princess Louise Augusta (his cousin), and Hereditary Prince Frederick Christian of Augustenburg . In

3654-406: Was a great success, and it was repeated a few days later on April 19. However, immediately after the start of the second performance a stage decoration caught fire, causing the theatre and the palace to burn to the ground, and about 180 people died. The King planned to rebuild the palace, whose church, Royal Household and garden buildings were still intact. Ole Rømer headed the preparatory work for

3717-467: Was a salon with a view out to the harbour, the garden and the drill grounds. Amalienborg is the centrepiece of Frederiksstaden , a district that was launched by King Frederick V to commemorate in 1748 the tercentenary of the Oldenburg family's ascent to the throne of Denmark, and in 1749 the tercentenary of the coronation of Christian I of Denmark . This development is generally thought to have been

3780-533: Was a suspension of hostilities on the part of Sweden. Sweden refused Christian's conditions and a short military campaign ensued in which the Norwegian army was defeated by the forces of the Swedish crown prince Charles John . The brief war concluded with the Convention of Moss on 14 August 1814. By the terms of this treaty, King Christian Frederick transferred executive power to the Storting, then abdicated

3843-421: Was finally unveiled in 1771, five years after King Frederik V's death in 1766. The Amalie Garden ( Danish : Amaliehaven ) is located between the waterfront and Amalienborg Slotsplads. Established in 1983, it was a gift from the A.P. Møller and Chastine McKinney Møller Foundation to the citizens of Copenhagen. The two-level garden was designed by Belgian architect Jean Delogne. It features marble sculptures and

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3906-426: Was instilled at an early age and would follow him throughout his life. His amiability and handsome features are said to have made him very popular in Copenhagen . He was confirmed on 22 May 1803 in the chapel of Frederiksberg Palace together with his sisters Princess Juliane Sophie and Princess Louise Charlotte. A year and a half later, on 7 December 1805, the children's father, Hereditary Prince Frederick, died at

3969-402: Was taken over by Countess Anna Sophie Schack née Rantzau and her step-grandson Hans Schack, 4th Count of Schackenborg . A fire shortly after the change of ownership delayed completion by a couple of years. On 7 January 1757 Hans Schack married Countess Ulrikke Auguste Vilhelmine Moltke, daughter of Adam Gottlob Moltke, and as his son-in-law had use of the best artists and craftsmen to complete

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