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29-520: On 29 January 2018 the club moved to 42 Crutched Friars , the former home of the Lloyds Club. It was founded strictly for graduates of Oxford and Cambridge universities who worked in the city, but membership is now also open to those who work in the area. It provides club facilities at lunchtime and for private occasions. The club serves as a lunch club for "brokers, bankers and lawyers". It has no connection with City, University of London , which

58-678: A Roman Catholic religious order in England and Ireland. Their name is derived from a staff they carried with them surmounted by a crucifix . There were several orders devoted to the Holy Cross, collectively known as Crosiers , that had some presence in England and there is much confusion to which specific order the friars belonged. Earlier literature linked most of the Crutched Friars to the Italian Crosiers, but later it

87-711: A capacity of 155 beds) had been founded by the Norse-Gael Ailred the Palmer and his wife some time prior to 1188 when Pope Clement III granted the Hospital certain privileges. The Hospital occupied the site on Thomas Street, Dublin now occupied by the Augustinian Church of Saint Augustine and Saint John the Baptist now served by the mendicant Order of St. Augustine (not to be confused with either

116-841: A partly rural lifestyle, pursuing fishing, craft-working and cattle raising. Their roles in Ireland's economy made them valuable subjects and the English Crown granted them special legal protections. These eventually fell out of use as the Ostmen assimilated into the English settler community throughout the 13th and 14th centuries. The Lords of the Isles , whose sway lasted until the 16th century, as well as many other Gaelic rulers of Scotland and Ireland, traced their descent from Norse–Gaelic settlements in northwest Scotland, concentrated mostly in

145-740: A people of mixed Gaelic and Norse ancestry and culture. They emerged in the Viking Age , when Vikings who settled in Ireland and in Scotland became Gaelicised and intermarried with Gaels . The Norse–Gaels dominated much of the Irish Sea and Scottish Sea regions from the 9th to 12th centuries . They founded the Kingdom of the Isles (which included the Hebrides and the Isle of Man ),

174-704: A young man to the Faroe Islands by way of Viking Ireland, and local tradition has it that he settled at Funningur in Eysturoy. Heinrich Zimmer (1891) suggested that the Fianna Cycle of Irish mythology came from the heritage of the Norse–Gaels. He suggested the name of the heroic fianna was an Irish rendering of Old Norse fiandr "enemies", and argued that this became "brave enemies" > "brave warriors". He also noted that Finn 's Thumb of Knowledge

203-549: Is 'Foreign[er] Gaels' and although it can in theory mean any Gael of foreign origin, it was used of Gaels (i.e. Gaelic-speakers) with some kind of Norse identity. This term is subject to a large range of variations depending on chronological and geographical differences in the Gaelic language , e.g. Gall Gaidel, Gall Gaidhel, Gall Gaidheal, Gall Gaedil, Gall Gaedhil, Gall Gaedhel, Gall Goidel, Gall Ghaedheil, etc. The modern term in Irish

232-579: Is Gall-Ghaeil or Gall-Ghaedheil, while the Scottish Gaelic is Gall-Ghàidheil. The Norse–Gaels often called themselves Ostmen or Austmen, meaning East-men, a name preserved in a corrupted form in the Dublin area known as Oxmantown which comes from Austmanna-tún (homestead of the Eastmen). In contrast, they called Gaels Vestmenn (West-men) (see Vestmannaeyjar and Vestmanna ). Other terms for

261-717: Is similar to the Norse tale Fáfnismál . Linguist Ranko Matasović , author of the Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic , derives the name fíanna from reconstructed Proto-Celtic *wēnā (a troop ), while linguist Kim McCone derives it from Proto-Celtic *wēnnā (wild ones). Even today, many surnames particularly connected with Gaeldom are of Old Norse origin, especially in the Hebrides and Isle of Man. Several Old Norse words also influenced modern Scots English and Scottish Gaelic, such as bairn (child) from

290-578: The Gaelic language as well as many Gaelic customs. Many left their original worship of Norse gods and converted to Christianity , and this contributed to the Gaelicisation . Gaelicised Scandinavians dominated the region of the Irish Sea until the Norman era of the 12th century. They founded long-lasting kingdoms, such as those of Mann , Dublin , and Galloway , as well as taking control of

319-694: The Hebrides . Clan Gunn (Scottish Gaelic: Na Guinnich) is a Highland Scottish clan associated with lands in northeastern Scotland, including Caithness, Sutherland and, arguably, the Orkney Isles. Clan Gunn is one of the oldest Scottish Clans, being descended from the Norse Jarls of Orkney and the Pictish Mormaers of Caithness. The Hebrides are to this day known in Scottish Gaelic as Innse Gall , 'the islands of foreigners';

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348-766: The Kingdom of Dublin , the Lordship of Galloway (which is named after them), and briefly (939–944 AD) ruled the Kingdom of York . The most powerful Norse–Gaelic dynasty were the Uí Ímair or House of Ivar. Over time, the Norse–Gaels became ever more Gaelicised and disappeared as a distinct group. However, they left a lasting influence, especially in the Isle of Man and Outer Hebrides , where most placenames are of Norse–Gaelic origin. Several Scottish clans have Norse–Gaelic roots, such as Clan MacDonald , Clan Gunn , Clan MacDougall and Clan MacLeod . The elite mercenary warriors known as

377-453: The gallowglass ( gallóglaigh ) emerged from these Norse–Gaelic clans and became an important part of Irish warfare. The Viking longship also influenced the Gaelic birlinn and longa fada , which were used extensively until the 17th century. Norse–Gaelic surnames survive today and include Doyle , MacIvor , MacAskill , and [Mac]Cotter . The meaning of Gall-Goídil

406-693: The Augustinian Canons ;– who had many foundations in Ireland, introduced by St. Laurence O'Toole as Archbishop of Dublin to, amongst other churches, Christ Church Dublin  – or the Fratres Cruciferi). The Register and Charters of the Hospital have survived in manuscript; they were published by the Irish Manuscripts Commission in 1937 (in the original Latin). The order owned several hospitals and priories in Ireland, including Palmerstown (which

435-712: The Irish were not entitled. They lived in distinct localities; in Dublin they lived outside the city walls on the north bank of the River Liffey in Ostmentown, a name which survives to this day in corrupted form as Oxmantown . It was once thought that their settlement had been established by Norse–Gaels who had been forced out of Dublin by the English but this is now known not to be the case. Other groups of Ostmen lived in Limerick and Waterford. Many were merchants or lived

464-448: The Norse colony at York . The Norse are first recorded in Ireland in 795 when they sacked Lambay Island . Sporadic raids then continued until 832, after which they began to build fortified settlements throughout the country. Norse raids continued throughout the 10th century, but resistance to them increased. The Norse established independent kingdoms in Dublin , Waterford , Wexford , Cork and Limerick . These kingdoms did not survive

493-900: The Norse. This appears to tie in with comments of Dicuil and is given weight by recent archaeological discoveries. The settlement of Iceland and the Faroe Islands by the Norse included many Norse–Gael settlers as well as slaves and servants. They were called Vestmen (Western men), and the name is retained in Vestmanna in the Faroes and the Vestmannaeyjar off the Icelandic mainland. A number of Icelandic personal names are of Gaelic origin, including Njáll , Brjánn , Kjartan and Kormákur (from Niall , Brian , Muircheartach and Cormac ). Patreksfjörður , an Icelandic village,

522-648: The Norse–Gaels are Norse-Irish , Hiberno-Norse or Hiberno-Scandinavian for those in Ireland, and Norse-Scots or Scoto-Norse for those in Scotland. The Norse–Gaels originated in Viking colonies of Ireland and Scotland, the descendants of intermarriage between Norse immigrants and the Gaels. As early as the 9th century, many colonists (except the Norse who settled in Cumbria ) intermarried with native Gaels and adopted

551-662: The Order in England in 1539 also applied in Ireland. George Dowdall , last head of the Irish order, was compensated by becoming Archbishop of Armagh . [REDACTED]  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Alston, G. Cyprian (1908). " Crutched Friars ". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia . Vol. 4. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Norse-Gael The Norse–Gaels ( Old Irish : Gall-Goídil ; Irish : Gall-Ghaeil ; Scottish Gaelic : Gall-Ghàidheil , 'foreigner-Gaels'; Old Norse : Gaddgeðlar ) were

580-608: The anchorites to leave... the nickname Kamban is probably Gaelic and one interpretation is that the word refers to some physical handicap (the first part of the name originating in the Old Gaelic camb crooked, as in Campbell Caimbeul Crooked-Mouth and Cameron Camshron Crooked Nose), another that it may point to his prowess as a sportsman (presumably of camóige / camaige hurley – where the initial syllable also comes from camb ). Probably he came as

609-534: The first being at either Colchester (according to Dugdale ), or at Reigate (according to Reyner ), founded in 1245. They settled in London in 1249, where they gave their name to the locality, near Tower Hill , still called Crutched Friars. Other houses were at Oxford ; York ; Great Welnetham ( Suffolk ); Barham ( Cambridgeshire ) (a cell to Great Welnetham); Wotten-under-Edge, Gloucestershire ; Brackley , Northamptonshire ; and Kildale , Yorkshire . The order

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638-655: The irony of this being that they are one of the last strongholds of Gaelic in Scotland. The MacLachlan clan name means 'son of the Lakeland' believed to be a name for Norway. It has its Scottish clan home on eastern Loch Fyne under Strathlachlan forest. The name and variations thereof are common from this mid/southern Scottish area to Irish Donegal to the extreme west. It is recorded in the Landnámabók that there were papar or culdees (Gaelic monks) in Iceland before

667-511: The subsequent Norman invasions, but the towns continued to grow and prosper. The term Ostmen was used between the 12th and 14th centuries by the English in Ireland to refer to Norse–Gaelic people living in Ireland. Meaning literally "the men from the east" (i.e. Scandinavia), the term came from the Old Norse word austr or east. The Ostmen were regarded as a separate group from the English and Irish and were accorded privileges and rights to which

696-861: The world, enabling members to use facilities in these clubs, including in London the Oxford and Cambridge Club and the Reform Club . Notable members of the City University Club have included Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn , the author Evelyn Waugh , businessman Sir Chips Keswick , and the Lloyd's underwriter Ian Posgate . 51°30′41″N 0°04′43″W  /  51.5113°N 0.0786°W  / 51.5113; -0.0786 Crutched Friars The Crutched Friars (also Crossed or Crouched Friars, cross-bearing brethren) were

725-621: Was dissolved, along with other Catholic orders, by Henry VIII in 1539. The Fratres Cruciferi appeared in Ireland at some time before 1176 when they are first listed as being in possession of the Hospital of St. John without the New Gate in Dublin . It is likely that they based this hospital on the Hospital of St. John in Jerusalem. The founding of these hospitals gave care to both men and women from all religions. The Hospital (which became known in later centuries as Palmer's Hospital and had

754-438: Was given its Royal Charter in 1966. Subscriptions are based on the member's age and location. New members joining during the year are charged pro-rata, except for those under the age of 25, who are entitled to six months' free membership (this precludes usage of reciprocal clubs). Currently, any intending member must pay a joining fee of two hundred pounds. It has reciprocal arrangements with over 450 private members clubs around

783-579: Was named after Saint Patrick . A number of placenames named after the papar exist on Iceland and the Faroes. According to some circumstantial evidence, Grímur Kamban , seen as the founder of the Norse Faroes, may have been a Norse Gael: According to the Faereyinga Saga... the first settler in the Faroe Islands was a man named Grímur Kamban – Hann bygdi fyrstr Færeyar , it may have been the land taking of Grímur and his followers that caused

812-703: Was owned by the Hospital of St John the Baptist without the Newgate in Dublin pictures, County Dublin (the town of Palmerstown is named after [Ailred de] Palmer named the founder of the hospital); Kilkenny West, County Westmeath ; the Priory and Hospital of St. John the Baptist of Nenagh , County Tipperary ; Rindoon, County Roscommon ; King's Island, Limerick City ; Ardee , County Louth ; Castledermot , County Kildare ; Athy , County Kildare; New Ross , County Wexford ; St. John's Priory, Trim , County Meath; and Dundalk , County Louth. The dissolution by Henry VIII of

841-726: Was proven that they were a branch of the Belgian Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross . The Crutched Friars were suppressed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1538. Their first appearance in England was at a synod of the Diocese of Rochester in 1244, when they presented documents from the Pope and asked to be allowed to settle in the country. They established eight or nine houses in England,

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