90-546: Clark Quarry is a paleontological dig site in southern Georgia. The site first discovered fossils by the building of the Brunswick Canal in 1838-1839. Clark Quarry is a cut and fill fluvial deposit overlying a marine sand, near Brunswick , Georgia , United States in Glynn County . The marine unit is characterized by a well-sorted, subrounded, low sphericity, fine- grained quartz arenite representing sediments of
180-481: A sawmill boom, said to average one mill every two miles, along with the new industrial corridor. In his book The New South Comes to Wiregrass Georgia, 1860–1910 author Mark V. Wetherington states that from Eastman , former Quartermaster General Ira R. Foster "shipped lumber to Brunswick, where it was loaded onto timber schooners and transported to international markets like Liverpool , Rio de Janeiro , and Havana ." Unlike many other southern cities during
270-514: A tomato -based stew containing various types of lima beans , corn , okra , and other vegetables, and one or more types of meat. Most recipes claiming authenticity call for squirrel or rabbit meat, but chicken , pork , and beef are also common ingredients. A twenty-five-gallon (95 L) iron pot outside the city bears a plaque declaring the stew was first cooked there in 1898. The Brunswick Rockin' Stewbilee, held annually in October, features
360-677: A walking track . The district also owns the Roosevelt Lawrence Community Center, a center equipped with popular and traditional recreational game tables, two classrooms, and a multi-purpose gymnasium. The Brunswick area is rich in live oak trees, particularly the Southern live oak . Such is the quality of the live oak trees in the Brunswick and the Golden Isles area that Revolutionary warships such as
450-584: A Youth Symphony division and a fundraising auxiliary. Old Town Brunswick's historic and ornate Ritz Theatre hosts a range of performances. Renovated in the early 1980s and again in 2000 through 2001, the Ritz is home to the Golden Isles Arts and Humanities Association, the coordinating arts council for Brunswick and Glynn County. The association hosts an annual performing arts series and rents space to individual producers and organizations. The city
540-479: A city in 1856. Throughout its history, Brunswick has served as an important port city; in World War II , for example, it served as a strategic military location with an operational base for escort blimps and a shipbuilding facility for the U.S. Maritime Commission . Since then, its port has served numerous economic purposes. Brunswick supports a progressive economy largely based on tourism and logistics , with
630-474: A downward ray, And fiercely shed intolerable day; Those matted woods where birds forget to sing, But silent bats in drowsy clusters cling; Those poisonous fields with rank luxuriance crowned, Where the dark scorpion gathers death around; Where at each step the stranger fears to wake The rattling terrors of the vengeful snake; Where crouching tigers wait their hapless prey, And savage men, more murderous still than they; While oft in whirls
720-595: A flood plain up to five miles (8.0 km) wide, consisting of some of the last remaining hardwood bottomlands and cypress swamps in the American South . As the river approaches the Atlantic Ocean, it becomes a broad estuary . At least 120 species of rare or endangered plants and animals live in the Altamaha River watershed, including 11 species of pearly mussels , seven of which are endemic to
810-749: A group of Yamasee Indians under Chief Altamaha took up residence near the mouth of the Altamaha. The Altamaha River marked the western border of the Colony of Georgia until the American Revolution , so was the western border of the English settlement in North America. It also marked the boundary between the Spanish missionary provinces of Guale and Mocama. In 1738 James Oglethorpe wrote
900-474: A high amount of rainfall annually, averaging about 49.6 inches (1,260 mm). The wettest months are August and September, the peak of hurricane season . The city has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other East Coast cities. A major hurricane has not made landfall on the Georgia coast since 1898, and the only hurricane that has hit the coast since then was Hurricane David in 1979. However,
990-637: A lean-to shack for shelter and a mound of dirt for a hearth to warm by and cook on. In Oliver Goldsmith's 1770 poem " The Deserted Village ", he laments the depopulation of English villages, and he paints an unhappy picture of the lands to which the former inhabitants have fled, mentioning the Altamaha by name: Ah, no. To distant climes, a dreary scene, Where half the convex world intrudes between, Through torrid tracts with fainting steps they go, Where wild Altama murmurs to their woe. Far different there from all that charm'd before, The various terrors of that horrid shore; Those blazing suns that dart
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#17327722776611080-418: A mass protest rally for the evening of December 24. In spite of bad weather, a crowd gathered at the protest point, where Styles delivered an impassioned speech against the powerful interests, and the legislative act giving them the power to seize local property. Styles called the legislation "dishonorable", at which point Moore (the bill's sponsor and beneficiary) jumped to his feet and shouted at Styles, calling
1170-439: A median income of $ 22,163 with a mean of $ 59,980. The median monthly costs for occupied-housing units and renter-owned units was $ 718 in 2020; for homeowners with a mortgage, the median value of their single-family detached homes was $ 117,400 and the monthly costs were $ 1,068. The median real estate taxes paid among homeowners in the city was $ 951. Among the growing metropolitan statistical areas of Georgia, Brunswick has one of
1260-582: A metropolitan GDP of $ 3.9 billion as of 2013. The Port of Brunswick , one of Georgia's two seaports, handles approximately 10 percent of all U.S. roll-on/roll-off trade—third in the U.S., behind the ports of Los Angeles and Newark . The headquarters of the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center is located 5 miles (8 km) north of the central business district of the city and is adjacent to Brunswick Golden Isles Airport , which provides commercial air service to
1350-520: A neighborhood near Brunswick in Glynn County, Georgia . The city of Brunswick is located in southeastern Georgia , approximately halfway between Jacksonville , Florida and Savannah . The city is located at the apex of the Georgia Bight , the westernmost point on the Atlantic seaboard , and is naturally sheltered by two barrier islands, Jekyll and St. Simons . The city is situated on
1440-789: A peninsula with the East River and the Turtle River to the west, the Brunswick River to the south, and the Mackay River with the Intracoastal Waterway to the east. An abundance of salt marshes separates the city from the Intracoastal Waterway, which passes between Brunswick and the barrier islands. The East River separates Brunswick from Andrews Island, a dredge spoil site. The city
1530-519: A portion of Georgia reaching as far north as the Altamaha River. The Utinahica tribe lived along the river and the Spanish mission of Santa Isabel de Utinahica was established around 1610 near the source of the Altamaha. Along the coast of Spanish Florida , the Altamaha River marked the boundary between the Guale and Mocama missionary provinces. Fort Caroline, built by the French in 1564 and probably
1620-529: A resort destination for some of the era's most influential families (most notably Rockefellers , Vanderbilts , Pulitzers , and Goodyears ) who arrived by train or yacht. A yellow fever epidemic began in 1893, which heralded a decade of hardships for the city; it was flooded in 1893 when a modern-day Category 3 hurricane (today known as the Sea Islands Hurricane ) paralleled the coast of Georgia before hitting South Carolina . The storm left
1710-537: A sawmill which employed nine workers. Brunswick was abandoned during the American Civil War when citizens were ordered to evacuate. The city, like many others in the South , suffered from post-war depression. After one of the nation's largest lumber mills began operation on nearby St. Simons Island, economic prosperity returned. Rail lines were constructed from Brunswick to inland Georgia , which stimulated
1800-614: A stew-tasting contest where visitors sample over 50 teams' stews. The Stewbilee became famous when the city invited Brunswick County, Virginia , to the festival for a stew cookoff in the 1980s, which led the Brunswick "Stew Wars" to be featured in Southern Living . Brunswick is the center of Georgia's shrimping industry. The city was once called "The Shrimp Capital of the World", but in recent times, production has been far below average. Nevertheless, nearby Jekyll Island hosts
1890-704: Is home to various art galleries . Art Downtown is a cultural arts center featuring a fine art gallery, studio, and production company. It is home to the Brunswick Actors' Theatre. The Gallery on Newcastle is home to a display of scenes from coastal Georgia's marshes. Along Union Street is a collection of 19th and early 20th-century Victorian mansions. Each December the Magnolia Garden Club tours select Union Street homes in addition to other areas in historic Brunswick as part of its Christmas Tour of Homes. The city lays claim to Brunswick stew ,
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#17327722776611980-485: Is notable as being the location where poet Sidney Lanier , on one of his visits to Brunswick, was inspired to write " The Marshes of Glynn ". Altamaha River The Altamaha River / ˈ ɑː l t ə m ə h ɑː / is a major river in the U.S. state of Georgia . It flows generally eastward for 137 miles (220 km) from its origin at the confluence of the Oconee River and Ocmulgee River towards
2070-399: Is the lowest in the U.S. state of Georgia, with an elevation of only 10 to 14 feet (3.0 to 4.3 m) above sea level. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , Brunswick's land area is 32.4 square miles (83.8 km ). Its total area is 42.4 square miles (109.8 km ); 10.0 square miles (26.0 km ) of this is water. Brunswick's climate is classified as humid subtropical ( Cfa in
2160-594: Is the only terminal located within the city. The Colonel's Island and Marine Port terminals are located southwest of the city. The Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC), a large agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security , is headquartered in Glynco , north of the city. A study conducted by Georgia Tech identified FLETC as the largest employer in Glynn County; it
2250-511: Is the sixth-busiest automobile port in the United States; it is the primary export facility for two of the three United States traditional automotive manufacturers : Ford and General Motors . The port is also the primary export facility for Mercedes-Benz . The port serves as the central import facility for Hyundai , Jaguar , Kia , Land Rover , Mitsubishi , Porsche , and Volvo . Audi , BMW , and Volkswagen utilize
2340-494: The 2010 United States census , there were 15,383 people living within the city; experiencing population fluctuations since, the 2020 U.S. census reported a population of 15,210 people, 6,486 households, and 3,781 families residing in the city. Among the city's population between 2015 and 2020, the American Community Survey estimated a median age of 34.8, down from 2000's 35 years. Approximately 16.7% of
2430-524: The 31st parallel north , but little colonization occurred south of the Altamaha River as the Spanish also claimed this land. Three years after the Province of Georgia was founded at Savannah in 1733, James Oglethorpe had the town of Frederica built on St. Simons Island, challenging Spaniards who laid claim to the island. The Spanish were driven out of the province after British victories in
2520-667: The Assemblies of God and Church of God . Other prominent Christian communities operating with a substantial presence in the city and area have also been Presbyterians , Episcopalians or Anglicans of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States , Lutherans , etc. Among non-mainstream Christianity, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints made up 1.5% of the faithful according to this study. The second-largest religion practiced or adhered to in
2610-643: The Atlantic Ocean , where it empties into the ocean near Brunswick, Georgia . No dams are directly on the Altamaha, though some are on the Oconee and the Ocmulgee. Including its tributaries, the Altamaha River's drainage basin is about 14,000 square miles (36,000 km ) in size, qualifying it among the larger river basins of the US Atlantic coast. The Altamaha River originates at the confluence of
2700-523: The Fall Line cities of Milledgeville on the Oconee and Macon on the Ocmulgee. Bullard Creek Wildlife Management Area occupies the southern floodplain of the river's first few miles, after which the river marks the boundary between Toombs County to the north and Appling County to the south. On the north side, Toombs County gives way to Tattnall County , in which the Ohoopee River joins
2790-635: The Golden Isles . The Mocama , a Timucua -speaking people, lived in and cultivated the lands in what is now Brunswick. The Spanish established missions in Timucuan villages beginning in 1568. During this time, much of the Native American population was depleted through enslavement and disease. When the Province of Carolina was founded in 1663, the British claimed all lands south to
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2880-485: The Köppen climate classification system ). During the summer months, it is common for the temperature to reach over 90 °F (32 °C). However, the humidity results in a heat index higher than the actual temperature. Summer mornings average nearly 90 percent humidity and nearly 60 percent in the afternoon. Scattered afternoon thunderstorms are common in the summer. The hottest temperature ever recorded in Brunswick
2970-574: The National Baptist Convention and Southern Baptist Convention were some of the largest Baptist denominations in the area. The largest single Christian denomination has been the Roman Catholic Church and its Diocese of Savannah (6.8%). Following, Methodism was the second largest tradition (12.3%) and Pentecostalism was the third largest Christian tradition in the area (8.2%), notably served through
3060-751: The Philadelphia Phillies , respectively adopting the name Brunswick Phillies . Following the 1958 season, the Phillies ceased to play. Brunswick was home to the Cardinals of the Georgia–Florida League in 1962 and 1963 before the league disbanded in 1963. The Brunswick Parks and Recreation Department operates city parks and squares . Six city squares were part of Brunswick's original 1771 Town Plan. The two largest central squares were Wright and Hanover. Though half of Wright Square
3150-558: The Reconstruction period, Brunswick experienced an economic boom . In 1878, poet and native Georgian Sidney Lanier , who sought relief from tuberculosis in Brunswick's climate, wrote " The Marshes of Glynn ", a poem based on the salt marshes that span Glynn County. The December 1888 issue of Harper's Weekly predicted that "Brunswick by the Sea" was destined to become the "winter Newport of America." Jekyll Island had become
3240-662: The U.S. Maritime Commission to transport materiel to the European and Pacific theatres . The first ship was the SS James M. Wayne (named after James Moore Wayne ), whose keel was laid on July 6, 1942, and which was launched on March 13, 1943. The last ship was the SS Coastal Ranger , whose keel was laid on June 7, 1945, and which was launched on August 25, 1945. The first six ships took 305 to 331 days each to complete, but soon production ramped up and most of
3330-566: The USS ; Constitution (nicknamed Old Ironsides ) were clad in St. Simons Island oak planks. Brunswick has a notable live oak named Lover's Oak (located at Prince and Albany streets). As of 2005, it is approximately 900 years old. According to the State of Georgia and American Indian folklore, Native American braves and their maidens would meet under the oak. Another notable oak, Lanier's Oak ,
3420-562: The southern United States , and blimps became a common sight as they patrolled the coastal areas. During the war, blimps from Brunswick's Naval Air Station Glynco (at the time, the largest blimp base in the world) safely escorted almost 100,000 ships without a single vessel lost to enemy submarines. In World War II, Brunswick boomed as over 16,000 workers of the J.A. Jones Construction Company produced ninety-nine Liberty ships and "Knot" ships ( type C1-M ships ) which were designed for short coastal runs, and most often named for knots for
3510-587: The 1915 season. Thirty-six years passed before Brunswick had another professional baseball team. In 1951 the Brunswick Pirates , a Class D minor league affiliate of the major league Pittsburgh Pirates , began to play in the Georgia–Florida League , beginning eight years of presence in the city. The Pirates won league championships in 1954 and 1955. In 1957 the Pirates became affiliates of
3600-474: The 19th century, when timber rafts were constructed to deliver logs to the ports of Brunswick and Darien , where they were loaded onto timber schooners and transported to international markets like Liverpool , Rio de Janeiro , and Havana . Rivermen assigned colorful names to the various features and hazards along their route down the Atamaha. Among the many "riverman monikers" was Old Hell Bight , where
3690-406: The Altamaha. The river basin also supports the only known example of old-growth longleaf pine and black oak forest in the United States. Other notable species include shortnose sturgeon , Atlantic sturgeon , West Indian manatee , Eastern indigo snake ( Drymarchon couperi ), greenfly orchid, and Georgia plume. The unusual Franklin tree ( Franklinia alatamaha ), now extinct in the wild,
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3780-465: The Altamaha. The Big Hammock Wildlife Management Area and Big Hammock Natural Area are located along the Altamaha at the Ohoopee confluence. Big Hammock Natural Area is a National Natural Landmark site, noted for its ecological biodiversity and many rare plant species, including Georgia plume . Below Big Hammock, the tributary Beards Creek joins the Altamaha from the north, after which the river marks
3870-589: The Atlantic coast. The Altamaha River Delta has been designated as a site of regional importance to shorebirds by the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network. Although used in the 19th century as a route for commerce between central Georgia and the coast, the river is nearly entirely still in its natural state, and was designated a bioreserve by The Nature Conservancy in 1991. The Altamaha River flows through
3960-475: The Duke of Newcastle that he had taken down Fort King George , a fort on the Altamaha that had offended the Spanish. The river's name comes from a Yamasee chief named Altamaha. For centuries, riverboats used the Altamaha as the main transportation route to reach those towns and the plantations founded along the river. The Altamaha was also an active transportation corridor for the Georgia timber trade throughout
4050-606: The East and Brunswick rivers. The Province of Georgia purchased Carr's fields in 1771 and laid out the town of Brunswick in the grid plan akin to that of Savannah, with large, public squares at given intervals. The town was named for the duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Germany, the ancestral home of George III and the House of Hanover . Brunswick was a rectangular tract of land consisting of 383.5 acres (155.2 ha). The first lot
4140-617: The Georgia coastline after Savannah and contains the Brunswick Old Town Historic District . At the 2020 U.S. census , the population of the city proper was 15,210; the Brunswick metropolitan area 's population as of 2020 was 113,495. Established as "Brunswick" after the German Duchy of Brunswick–Lüneburg , the ancestral home of the House of Hanover , the municipal community was incorporated as
4230-497: The Oconee and Ocmulgee Rivers, near Lumber City . At its source, the river forms the border between Jeff Davis County to the south and Montgomery County to the north. It is reportedly the third-largest contributor of fresh water to the Atlantic Ocean from North America. Including its longest tributary (the Ocmulgee) in length calculations, as is standard USGS practice, its length of 470 miles (760 km) places it seventh on
4320-478: The Princess Anne Terrace. This site is in the pleistocene era on the geologic timescale . Brunswick, Georgia Brunswick ( / ˈ b r ʌ n z w ɪ k / BRUN -zwik ) is a city in and the county seat of Glynn County in the U.S. state of Georgia . As the primary urban and economic center of the lower southeast portion of Georgia, it is the second-largest urban area on
4410-612: The Terry Creek Dredge Spoil Areas/Hercules Outfall. Research published in 2011 revealed that bottlenose dolphins that fed in the estuaries near these Superfund sites had the highest concentration of PCBs of any mammal in the world. In 2000, the city of Brunswick had 15,600 people, 6,085 households, and 3,681 families living in the city, down from the city's initial historic high of 21,703 in 1960. There were 6,952 housing units at an average density of 403.8 per square mile (155.9/km ). At
4500-716: The Wild Georgia Shrimp & Grits Festival in September. Apart from shrimping, the area is also the center of Georgia's crab and oyster industries. The College of Coastal Georgia has an active collegiate sports program. The local high schools compete in the Georgia High School Association 's quad-A Region 2 sporting events. From 1950 to 2007, Brunswick served host to the Golden Isles Bowl Classic, one of
4590-442: The accusation a "falsehood". In the official testimony on file in the Glynn County courthouse, Styles is said to have yelled back at Moore, saying "You are a damned liar!", to which Moore replied "You are a damneder liar!". Gunfire ensued, resulting in the death of Moore. Witness accounts had Moore firing first, and though Styles was subsequently arrested for manslaughter, the charges were eventually dropped. On March 1, 1858, Styles
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#17327722776614680-550: The act of the General Assembly on February 1, 1788, eight town commissioners were appointed and Glynn Academy was chartered, the funding of which was to come from the sales of town lots. Brunswick was recognized as an official port of entry in 1789 by an act of the United States Congress . In 1797 the General Assembly transferred the seat of Glynn County from Frederica to Brunswick. At the end of
4770-470: The area was Judaism , and collectively, Eastern religions such as Buddhism or Hinduism made up 0.3% of the population. The largest Jewish movement within the city has been Reform Judaism , spread throughout the historic Temple Beth Tefilloh, founded in 1886. The Port of Brunswick forms a vital part of the city's economy. It is recognized as one of the most productive ports on the East Coast and
4860-576: The area. Brunswick is located on a harbor of the Atlantic Ocean, approximately 40 mi (60 km) north of Florida and 80 mi (130 km) south of South Carolina . Brunswick is bordered on the west by Oglethorpe Bay , the East River , and the Turtle River . It is bordered on the south by the Brunswick River and on the east by the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway in the Mackay River , which separates it from
4950-529: The battles of Bloody Marsh and Gully Hole Creek in 1742; it was not until the Treaty of Paris of 1763 that Spain's threat to the province was formally ended, when all lands north of the St. Marys River and south of the Savannah River were designated as Georgia. The area's first European settler, Mark Carr, arrived in 1738. Carr, a Scotsman , was a captain in Oglethorpe's Marine Boat Company. Upon landing, he established his 1,000-acre (400 ha) tobacco plantation, which he called "Plug Point", along
5040-440: The border between Long County to the north and Wayne County to the south. The Altamaha passes through Griffin Ridge Wildlife Management Area before flowing by Doctortown, near Jesup . A wide and swampy floodplain surrounds the river in this area. Several miles below Doctortown, Wayne County gives way to McIntosh County on the north side of the river. From this point to the river's mouth, numerous wildlife management areas line
5130-427: The capability to produce over 800,000 metric tons of cellulose each year. Additionally, it is the largest single-site fluff production facility in the world. Hercules , a manufacturer, and marketer of chemical specialties operates a production facility on the north side of Brunswick. Jet aircraft manufacturer Gulfstream Aerospace has a presence at the city's airport. Tourism is the single largest industry in
5220-573: The city and the county. Brunswick and the Golden Isles are a year-round resort community. The islands' beaches, resorts, shops, and historic sites annually attract visitors from around the world. President George W. Bush hosted the G8 summit in 2004 on Sea Island. Brunswick is home to a variety of arts and cultural events. The most significant professional performing-arts group is the Coastal Symphony of Georgia, in existence since 1982, which stages productions each year at Glynn Academy's Memorial Auditorium. This group of professional musicians also has
5310-429: The city has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions several times due to storms passing through Florida from the Gulf of Mexico and entering Georgia or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing the area. The Brunswick area has four Superfund sites, formerly home to heavily contaminated toxic waste sites: the LCP Chemicals site, Brunswick Wood Preserving, the Hercules 009 Landfill , and
5400-422: The city under 6 feet (1.8 m) of water. A Category 4 hurricane hit Cumberland Island just south of Brunswick in October 1898, which caused a 16-foot (4.9 m) storm surge in the city. As a result, 179 were killed. Construction of an electric streetcar line began in 1909 and was completed in 1911. Tracks were located in the center of several city streets. In July 1924, the F.J. Torras Causeway,
5490-409: The city was $ 13,062. About 25.2% of families and 30.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 43.9% of those under age 18 and 21.7% of those ages 65 or over. By 2020, the median household income was $ 27,471 with a mean of $ 57,395. Among families, the median income was $ 29,953 with a mean of $ 53,434; married-couple families had a median income of $ 63,301; and non-family households had
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#17327722776615580-449: The city was home to a Class D -level minor league baseball team, the River Snipes, a team shared with Columbus as part of the inaugural season of the Georgia State League . The league went defunct following that season. In 1913 the Brunswick Pilots debuted as part of the short-lived Empire State League , before joining the Georgia State League in 1914, and the Florida–Alabama–Georgia League in 1915. The Pilots stopped play following
5670-507: The city, and combined with Jekyll, St. Simons, and Sea islands, there are 252 holes of golf in the Brunswick area. The Brunswick area is home to two out of three publicly accessible beaches in the state. Brunswick is the gateway city to Jekyll and St. Simons islands; both are accessible via automobile only by causeways from the city. The islands, known colloquially as the Golden Isles , feature white-sand public beaches and are popular destinations for tourists and local citizens. In 1906
5760-424: The city. The PGA Tour holds the RSM Classic every year at the Seaside Course on Sea Island . The area is famous for its golf resorts . In 2008 Sea Island was ranked the number-one destination for business meetings and golf by Golf Digest and USA Today . Sea Island was also ranked number-one among the best golf resorts in North America by Golf Digest . There are three golf courses located just north of
5850-422: The commissioners erected a suitable building for school purposes on the southeastern corner of Reynolds and L streets. This was the first public building in Brunswick. It was abandoned four years later, but a new building was erected on Hillsborough Square in 1840 using Commons proceeds. A courthouse and jail were built around this time. The town was officially incorporated as a city on February 22, 1856. It
5940-465: The common citizenry. It was into this turmoil that Carey Wentworth Styles appeared, in 1857, when he moved his family to Brunswick from Edgefield, South Carolina . Styles, an attorney, was attracted to the area by news of the civil strife. As one observer later wrote, the citizens of Brunswick were in "need of a defender". Styles quickly became embroiled in the dispute, siding with the citizenry. He announced his intention to run for mayor, and organized
6030-407: The early history of 'La Floride Française' has proved that wrong, suggesting the Altamaha mouth location as highly likely. The site still remains to be excavated by archaeologists. In 1565, Spanish soldiers under Pedro Menéndez marched into Fort Caroline and slaughtered all the French Huguenot Protestants, regardless of age or gender (some 143 men and women) residing there. In the later 17th century,
6120-400: The eighteenth century, a large tract of land surrounding Brunswick on three sides had been laid off and designated as Commons. Commissioners were named in 1796 to support these efforts. The General Assembly authorized them to sell 500 acres (200 ha) of Commons, one-half of the proceeds to go to the construction of the courthouse and jail and one-half to the support of the academy. In 1819
6210-535: The list of U.S. rivers entirely within one state, behind only four Alaskan rivers, the Sacramento - Pit River in California, and the Trinity River in Texas. The beginning of the Colorado River of Texas is just within New Mexico . The long Mobile - Alabama - Coosa River system, mostly in Alabama , originates a short distance within Georgia . The Altamaha River traverses a broad area of low population density with few significant towns or cities along its course. Some cities are along its upper tributaries, such as
6300-608: The lowest costs of living in contrast with Atlanta and its metropolitan region . Brunswick, like most of the United States, has had a traditional population from a predominantly non-Hispanic white , Anglo American background. With the diversification of the nation and state of Georgia, by 2000 its racial and ethnic makeup was 59.8% Black or African American , 33.1% White (non-Hispanic whites), 0.3% American Indian or Alaska Native , 0.4% Asian , <0.1% Pacific Islander , 1.7% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races . Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race were 5.8% of
6390-456: The mad tornado flies, Mingling the ravaged landscape with the skies. The 1,759-megawatt Plant Hatch nuclear power plant sits on the southern bank of the Altamaha River in Appling County. A Rayonier paper mill that manufactures cellulose fibers used in plastics and absorbent materials for diapers, tampons, and other products is located on the southern bank of the Altamaha River in Wayne County. In January 2021, Ingka Investments, part of
6480-401: The most prestigious junior college football bowl games in the country. Scholastic and intramural sports are held at school and park facilities around the city. Glynn County Stadium and Lanier Field are two sports stadiums available in the city. Golden Isles Speedway, a 5 ⁄ 8 mile (1.0 km) race track , is located in western Glynn County, approximately 20 miles (32 km) west of
6570-422: The north and Glynn County on the south. The town of Darien lies just north of the Altamaha River's mouth. Several miles to the south lies the larger city of Brunswick . St. Simons Island lies on the south side of the Altamaha estuary. The estuary of the Altamaha River, where fresh and salt water mix, is about 26 square miles (67 km ) in size, one of the largest intact, relatively undegraded estuaries on
6660-517: The oldest European fortified settlement in North America, was likely constructed near the mouth of the Altamaha River. Historian Fletcher Crowe noted: “This fort is older than St. Augustine, considered to be the oldest continuously inhabited city in America." It was long believed the legendary fort was located near today's city of Jacksonville, but detailed archival research in France on Fort Caroline and
6750-535: The population reported another ancestry. According to Sperling's BestPlaces , approximately 56.3% of the city's population identify with a religion as of 2020. Typical of those traditionally placed within the Bible Belt and conservative American South , the majority of the religiously affiliated population identified as Christians . The single largest Christian tradition within the city and metropolitan area are Baptists (15.7%). Among its Baptist constituency,
6840-451: The population were from under 5 years of age to 5 to 9 years; 20.5% were from 15 to 29 years of age; and 16.5% were aged 65 and older. For every 100 females, there were 80 males, and there was a child-dependency ratio of 46.6. At the 2000 census , the median income for a household in the city was $ 22,272, and the median income for a family was $ 28,564. Males had a median income of $ 26,172 versus $ 18,602 for females. The per capita income for
6930-459: The population. At the 2020 census, the racial and ethnic makeup was 56.2% Black or African American, 30.39% non-Hispanic white, 0.16% American Indian or Alaska Native, 0.36% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 3.36% multiracial, and 9.49% Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race. Per 2008 estimates, the top five ancestry groups in the city were American (5.3%), English (5.1%), Subsarahan African (4.3%), Irish (4.1%), and German (3.6%). Approximately 54.1% of
7020-480: The port as a facility for imports as well. International Auto Processing is one of the town's largest employers. In addition to automobiles, exports include agricultural products and other bulk cargoes . The port is operated by the Georgia Ports Authority and features four separate terminals: Colonel's Island RoRo , Colonel's Island Agri-bulk, Mayor's Point, and Marine Port. Mayor's Point
7110-583: The remaining ships were built in about two months, bringing the average down to 89 days each. By November 1943, about four ships were launched per month. The SS William F. Jerman was completed in only 34 days in November and December 1944. Six ships could be under construction in slipways at one time. On February 23, 2020, Ahmaud Arbery , a 25-year-old black man, was murdered during a racially motivated hate crime while jogging in Satilla Shores,
7200-431: The river marks the border between Long County to the north and Wayne County to the south, and is a particularly troublesome bend, with associated dangerous currents, where a pilot and crew might lose "their wages, their timber, and occasionally their lives" The timber rafts had a maximum width of about forty feet (12 m), that being the widest that could pass between the pilings of railroad bridges. Maximum length
7290-496: The river. The Sansaville Wildlife Management Area lies on the south side of the river, while the Altamaha Wildlife Management Area lies on the north and extends down to the river's mouth at Altmaha Sound. Wolf Island National Wildlife Refuge occupies Wolf Island on the Atlantic coast, north of Altamaha Sound. In its last several miles, the Altamaha River marks the boundary between McIntosh County on
7380-410: The roadway between Brunswick and St. Simons Island, was completed, and passenger boat service from Brunswick to St. Simons Island was terminated. By 1926, the electric streetcar line in Brunswick was discontinued; the decline of the streetcar systems coincided with the rise of the automobile . In World War II, Brunswick served as a strategic military location. German U-boats threatened the coast of
7470-500: Was 106 °F (41 °C) in 1986. Winters in Brunswick are fairly temperate. The average high in January, the coldest month, is 63 °F (17 °C), while the average low is 44 °F (7 °C). Snowfall is very rare. The last snow accumulation in Brunswick was on December 23, 1989. The coldest temperature ever recorded in Brunswick was 5 °F (−15 °C) on January 21, 1985 , and January 30, 1966. Brunswick receives
7560-426: Was about 250 feet (76 m), that being the longest that could navigate The Narrows, several miles of the river that were not only very narrow but also very crooked. Each raft had two oars forty to fifty feet long, one in the bow, the other at the stern. The oars were for steering, not propelling, the raft. The minimum raft crew was two men, the pilot who usually manned the stern oar, and his bow hand. Rafts usually had
7650-538: Was at this time that state representative Jacob Moore in conjunction with others conspired to control the Commons, and any proceeds that might be had from sales. Moore managed to persuade the Georgia General Assembly to pass legislation giving him control over significant amounts of local real estate. This precipitated a period of strife, pitting the powerful interests, headed by Rep. Moore, against
7740-677: Was built on by a middle school in the 1950s, the square was recently returned to its original size with George Street removed through the middle. Five of the six still exist today, with Hillsboro Square converted into the campus of Glynn Academy High School. There are also two additional squares located within the city, Orange, and Palmetto. Numerous parks exist in the city, the largest being Howard Coffin Park. The parks include features such as playgrounds, baseball fields, softball fields, soccer fields, basketball courts, and picnic areas. Coffin Park includes
7830-418: Was elected mayor of Brunswick. Some years later, Styles moved to Atlanta, where he founded The Atlanta Constitution . In November 1879, nineteen years after he left, Styles returned to Brunswick, where he established the local weekly Seaport Appeal . When that eventually failed, Styles moved to Texas, never to see Brunswick again. By 1860 Brunswick had a population of 468, a bank, a weekly newspaper, and
7920-613: Was found by John Bartram along the Altamaha River in 1765. Bartram sent seeds from the trees to England and planted some in his garden in Philadelphia, where some still live. According to the USGS, variant and historical names of the Altamaha River include A-lot-amaha, Alatahama, Alatamaha, Allamah, Frederica River, Rio Al Tama, Rio de Talaje, and Talaxe River. In prehistoric times, the Timucua people occupied northern Florida and
8010-493: Was further determined that FLETC's annual localized economic impact is in excess of $ 600 million. Southeast Georgia Health System is the largest private employer in Brunswick. Other major employers in Brunswick include King & Prince Seafood , GSI Commerce , Pinova and Gulfstream Aerospace . Wood pulp is produced by the Georgia-Pacific mill in Brunswick. The mill, which has been in operation since 1937, has
8100-663: Was granted on June 30, 1772; 179 lots were granted in the first three years. However, at Iabout this time Brunswick lost most of its citizens, many of whom were Loyalists , to East Florida , the Caribbean Basin , and the United Kingdom for protection during the American Revolutionary War . From 1783 to 1788 a number of these lots were regranted and there collected in Brunswick a few families who desired proper education for their children. By
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