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39-493: The Crieff Junction Railway was opened in 1856 to link the town of Crieff to the main line railway network in Scotland, at a junction at the present day Gleneagles station (then called Crieff Junction). In the second half of the twentieth century, railway business declined sharply, and despite economic measures, the line closed in 1964. The Scottish Central Railway (SCR) was authorised by Act of Parliament on 31 July 1845. It

78-436: A back shed, with perhaps two bedrooms, which are often without a fireplace; the windows, small, low and frequently not made to open; the laboring man, who has met with a severe accident, with difficulty is carried up the narrow staircase – generally of the stepladder description – and is placed on a bed utterly unfit for the treatment of a broken limb, and which his restless tossings has disordered. Perhaps he may possess

117-519: A board which included many eminent gentlemen. Mr. W Squire Ward was the surgeon on its inception and remained so for 25 years. One nurse was employed with occasional assistance and a wide range of surgical interventions were successfully carried out. p21 Between 1855 and 1898, 294 cottage hospitals were established. In 1859, Albert Napper converted a small cottage into a hospital in the village of Cranleigh in Surrey. This hospital opened because Napper

156-421: A coverlid or counterpane; but more generally the top covering of a sick man’s bed is the collection of unused clothes in the house; the floor, generally occupied by some ingeniously-constructed temporary bedding for the wife and younger children; no useful sanitary arrangements to be obtained; the patient parched with thirst, and with the capricious appetite of illness, turns his head away from the badly cooked food;

195-525: A few weeks as the first cottage hospital. That same cottage still exists today at the entrance to Cranleigh Village Hospital. Napper proceeded to admit local patients to the Village Hospital, as it was called, and kept records from the start. Among the first 100 patients he recorded " compound fracture of both bones in the leg", "extensive cicatrix from a burn", "chronic pneumonia in both lungs", "multiple injuries" and amputation of fingers in

234-636: A hospital in villages were the provision of care which avoided long journeys to county or voluntary hospitals, facilities to deal more immediately with emergencies, and familiarity the local physician might have with their patients that may affect their treatment. This local knowledge of the patient would probably have been lost had they been referred to their nearest county hospital, as was typical for poorer patients. Some of these buildings continued to be known as cottage hospitals until recent times. In particular, several are still recognisable in Scotland within

273-574: A larger number in the south of England, although one of the largest voluntary hospitals opened in Edinburgh in 1729. Funding was problematic in the early years as the development of voluntary hospitals competed with government, county and local funding for the provision of care under the Poor Law Acts of 1722 and 1782. The County Hospitals received enormous public charity support. Alongside these care facilities were dispensaries. Accommodated in

312-630: A lay training and conference venue until its closure in 2001. The building is now occupied by private flats. The South Church, now disused, was built in 1881 as a Free Church of Scotland , modelled on the design of Dunblane Cathedral . It later became known as the South UP Church when it merged with the United Presbyterian Church (Scotland) into the United Free Church of Scotland , before becoming part of

351-422: A serious dispute over payments with the contractor for the line, and further delay followed. Muthill station had three station masters in succession before the opening of the line. Opening day was finally set for 13 March 1856, but the troubles were not over yet. The SCR refused to allow its locomotive to traverse the pointwork at Crieff Junction station on the grounds that it was unsafe. A modification resolved

390-484: A single building, they provided what is now called out-patient and day-patient care. Medicines (termed ‘physics’) were prescribed, and minor surgical procedures as well as cupping and bleeding were carried out, the patient returning to their home after treatment. In 1818 the village surgeon, Mr. Henry Lilley Smith opened a dispensary in Southam , Warwickshire . This comprised an 8 bed-roomed cottage with 4 beds. It

429-521: A wealthy tourist trade, the Caledonian Railway decided to construct a luxury hotel at Gleneagles; it was to be built with an associated golf course. A subsidiary company called Gleneagles Limited was set up in 1913 to manage the construction, but the outbreak of World War I caused the suspension of the project during hostilities. The hotel was opened in 1924; during the construction process, the railways of Great Britain had been "grouped" under

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468-548: The A823 to Dunfermline . Crieff has become a hub for tourism, famous for whisky and its history of cattle droving. Attractions include the Caithness Glass Visitor Centre and Glenturret Distillery . The nearby Innerpeffray Library (founded about 1680) is Scotland's oldest lending library. St Mary's Chapel beside it dates from 1508. Both are open to the public: the library is run by a charitable trust;

507-653: The Crieff Hydro , which opened in 1868. Crieff was once served by Crieff railway station , which linked the town to Perth, Comrie and Gleneagles . The station was opened in 1856 by the Crieff Junction Railway but was closed in 1964 by British Railways as part of the Beeching cuts . Crieff was praised by the poetaster William McGonagall in "Crieff". "Ye lovers of the picturesque, if ye wish to drown your grief, Take my advice, and visit

546-746: The Outer Hebrides . Rob Roy MacGregor and his followers visited Crieff in October 1714: they gathered in Crieff for the October Tryst. They marched to Crieff Town Square and, in front of the gathering crowd, sang Jacobite songs and drank loyal toasts to their uncrowned King James VIII . In 1716, 350 Highlanders returning from the Battle of Sheriffmuir burned most of Crieff to the ground. In 1731, James Drummond, 3rd Duke of Perth , laid out

585-637: The Railways Act 1921 , and the Caledonian Railway was a constituent of the new London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS); the Gleneagles Hotel passed to the ownership of the LMS. During World War II , the hotel closed and became a military hospital and, subsequently, a rehabilitation centre for miners. It reopened as a hotel in May 1947. The hotel had a siding connection for goods transfer throughout

624-608: The East Church, is on the site of a medieval building that was demolished and rebuilt in 1786, when a hoard of gold coins from the reign of Robert the Bruce was found within its walls. The church was again rebuilt in 1827. Crieff West Church (Church of Scotland) was built 1837–1838 on Comrie Road as a chapel of ease to the main parish church. It was converted into the St Ninian's Centre in 1958 and used for over 50 years as

663-670: The Monasteries in 1536-40, only a few hospitals remained in use: St Thomas' , St Bartholomew's , the Bethlehem Hospital for the insane and two lock hospitals for the treatment of syphilis. From the mid-16th century until the Voluntary Hospital Movement in the early part of the 18th century there was a dearth of hospital care in the UK. The first voluntary hospital created to provide free care through

702-646: The ancient town of Crieff." It is also referenced by Half Man Half Biscuit in "Man of constant sorrow". "A yacht on his window sill, according to some Alludes to a tragedy which rendered him numb To cope with the grief and the hurt and the loss He exited Crieff, Perth and Kinross" Every year the town hosts the Crieff Highland Games , which include music and dancing competitions and feats of strength. Crieff Parish Church ( Church of Scotland ) in Strathearn Terrace, also known as

741-606: The branch line to Crieff had to be built. The SCR arranged for a nominally independent company, the Crieff Junction Railway (CJR) to be formed; it obtained its authorising Act of Parliament on 15 August 1853. The Scottish Central was to work the line at cost, with one-third of the feeder business brought to the SCR allowed to the Crieff Junction company. The engineer Thomas Bouch was appointed as Engineer of

780-592: The chapel is in the care of Historic Scotland . For centuries Highlanders came to Crieff to sell their black cattle, whose meat and hides were sought by the growing urban populations in Lowland Scotland and the north of England. The town acted as a gathering point for the Michaelmas cattle sale held during the "October Tryst" each year, when the surrounding fields and hillsides would be black with some 30,000 cattle, some from as far away as Caithness and

819-538: The cottage hospital. Sapte was riding across the common in Cranley when he heard of a serious accident. The victim had been carried to a nearby cottage and when Sapte arrived he found Napper and two assistants amputating the leg of the injured man. This incident confirmed for both men the need for some local facility where sick or injured people could receive urgent care. Sapte made a cottage available, rent-free, which after being whitewashed and simply furnished opened after

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858-530: The crossing point over the River Earn . Sir Walter Scott , visiting Crieff in 1796, saw the gallows as "Gallowsford". Crieff Town Hall was completed in 1850. In the 19th century, Crieff became a fashionable destination for tourists visiting the Highlands and a country retreat for wealthy businessmen from Edinburgh, Glasgow and beyond. Many such visitors attended the Crieff hydropathic establishment, now

897-613: The established Church of Scotland. The Scottish Episcopal Church in Perth Road is a small 1990s building which replaced an older church. The Roman Catholic Church is represented by St Fillan's Chapel in Ford Road, as part of the Diocese of Dunkeld . Radio Earn broadcasts from Strathearn and Strathallan. Cottage Hospital The original concept was a small rural building having several beds. The advantages of such

936-671: The infrastructure of NHS Grampian , Kirkcudbrightshire , Dumfries & Galloway , and in Norfolk and Suffolk in England , an example being the Aldeburgh Cottage Hospital , which is still working as a traditional cottage hospital. The term community hospital is now applied to most of these buildings where they are used to deliver healthcare, reflecting the wider range of services that are provided in more modern times. Following King Henry VIII 's Dissolution of

975-484: The lifetime of the Crieff branch line. The Crieff Junction Railway was absorbed by the Scottish Central Railway on 29 June 1865. There were attempts to make the line more profitable, specifically with the introduction diesel railcars in the late 1950s; two additional halts were opened on the line, at Pittenzie and Strageath. Nonetheless the line was heavily loss-making, and it was closed as part of

1014-402: The line. However, at this time, he had many other commitments, and he was unable to devote much time to the Crieff Junction line. As a result, the construction process was very slow; the promised opening dates were repeatedly missed. Staff had been engaged for the earlier opening dates and then stood down when it was obvious there would be nothing for them to do. As completion day neared, there was

1053-473: The matter, but the first trains did not run until the following day. The SCR considered Crieff Junction to be an interchange point only, and this led to a dispute with the CJR, as they wished to allow travellers to make round trips to the junction without alighting. This was finally agreed to by the SCR, but measures were put in place to ensure that no illicit onward travel from the junction took place. To encourage

1092-581: The old Drummond Arms Inn in James Square, located behind the present abandoned hotel building in Hill Street. By the late 18th century, the hanging tree used by the Earls of Strathearn to punish criminals had been replaced by a wooden structure in an area called Gallowhaugh, now Gallowhill, at the bottom of Burrell Street. What is now Ford Road was Gallowford Road which led down past the gallows to

1131-516: The patient being stigmatized as a pauper. The third possibility was to stay at home; in those days and for poor people this condition is indicated by Horace Swete, a village surgeon in Wrington in Somerset , UK, in his book of 1870. To those who visit their poorer neighbours, the sick room of the cottager is a familiar object, the cottage itself generally consisting, at the best, of a kitchen and

1170-527: The philanthropic action of doctors and surgeons for the ill poor was the French Hospital in Finsbury , London, started in 1718 by Huguenot immigrants. The movement developed with the opening of Westminster Hospital near St James's Park . This was followed by the commissioning of St George's Hospital at Hyde Park Corner. Over the next 50 years, voluntary hospitals were built across the UK with

1209-499: The process of rationalisation of the railways known as the Beeching Axe ; the closure took effect on 6 July 1964. The track was lifted the following year. The impressive station building at Crieff was demolished in 1965, and the site was subsequently occupied by a Health Centre and Cottage Hospital . The station buildings at Muthill were also demolished shortly after the closure of the line. The remaining station buildings along

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1248-472: The risk of loss of employment, a slide in poverty or worse. Albert Napper's sympathy for the poorer classes was shared by the Reverend JH Sapte , Rector of Cranley (as the name was than spelled) and they fostered the idea of finding some accommodation for the care and nursing of the ill poor. Then an occurrence of a single incident is recorded by Swete as being the catalyst for the development of

1287-550: The route were altered to use as private housing. The line opened on 14 March 1856, and closed on 6 July 1964. Crieff Crieff ( / k r iː f / ; Scottish Gaelic : Craoibh , meaning "tree") is a Scottish market town in Perth and Kinross on the A85 road between Perth and Crianlarich , and the A822 between Greenloaning and Aberfeldy . The A822 joins

1326-472: The summit near Greenloaning". This was the later Gleneagles, but at that time there was no settlement in the area, and the station at the junction was to be simply for exchange purposes. The SCR found that construction of its main line was more demanding, of time and of money, than it anticipated, and it allowed the Crieff branch to be put into abeyance. Crieff was the second largest town in Perthshire, and

1365-629: The town's central James Square and established a textile industry with a flax factory. In the 1745 rising, the Highlanders were itching to fire the town again and were reported as saying "she shoud be a braw toun gin she haed anither sing". It was saved by the Duke of Perth, a friend and supporter of Prince Charles. In February 1746, the Jacobite army was quartered in and around the town, with Prince Charles Edward Stuart holding his final war council in

1404-500: The wife, tired out with bad nights, and "worritted" with the children who are constantly crying; added to which may be the close, sickening steam of ‘washing out a few things’, which some neighbour with well-meant kindness has dropped in to do, keeping up an incessant chatter of village gossip that drives the sick man wild, and here we have a tolerably fair picture of the cottage home in sickness." The moneyed class could afford much better conditions and treatment in private hospital without

1443-485: Was concerned that there were no local hospital facilities for the poor in the village. St Thomas’ Hospital was the nearest voluntary hospital and that was about 45 kilometres away on unmade roads, a dangerous journey for an ill person. The only other possibility for care was in a local workhouse infirmary but this was some 12 kilometres away in Guildford, had no trained nurses and carried the real (at that time) risk of

1482-470: Was for the use of manual labourers and their families. Except in name this facility fulfills the broad definition of a cottage hospital. p20 In 1827 Sir Astley Cooper converted some cottages at Piccotts End , close to Hemel Hempstead, into the first cottage hospital providing free medical services. 1842 saw the commissioning of a cottage hospital in Wellow , Nottinghamshire with six beds and managed by

1521-571: Was to build a main line from the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway near Castlecary to Perth. Early on it allied itself with the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway and the Caledonian Railway , as it was dependent on one or both of them for access to Glasgow and Edinburgh. For some years Parliament refused to allow amalgamation of the SCR with either of the other lines. The authorising Act included a branch line to Crieff from "a location east of

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