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18-541: In 1942, NDH authorities finally made a move to organize a domestic Orthodox Church. This was part of a policy to eliminate Serb culture from Axis Croatia. The church lasted from 1942–45, and was intended to serve as a national church to which Serbs living in Croatia would convert, thus making it possible to describe them as "Croats of Orthodox faith". The Croatian Orthodox Church was managed by Montenegrin nationalist Savić Marković Štedimlija . There were some discussions during

36-739: A bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR), became its leader. His enthronement was publicized by the Ustashe regime and the official ceremony took place in front of an armed guard, with the speaker of the Croatian parliament, mayor of Zagreb and several ministers in attendance. He was executed by the Partisans after the war as a collaborator. Before the Croatian Orthodox Church

54-607: A group than as individuals. With the rise of nationalism under the Ottoman Empire and after the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, the term millet was used for legally protected ethno-religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries used the word nation . The Lebanese Constitution is based on the idea of Confessionalism , a balance of powers between a number of state-recognized confessional communities. This Ottoman Empire –related article

72-649: A small village of the Piperi Highland near Podgorica in the Principality of Montenegro . He attended the Gymnasium in Leskovac and moved to Zagreb in 1930. There he worked as a journalist and writer who published numerous articles and reviews on literature , politics and history in newspapers and periodicals . Štedimlija's articles on Montenegrin history complained about lost independence of

90-517: Is not entered in the register of religious communities , it still regularly holds worship service in its space in Domjanićeva street in Zagreb. Andrija Škulić also presents himself as the archbishop of the Croatian Orthodox Church in Croatia. Savi%C4%87 Markovi%C4%87 %C5%A0tedimlija Savić Marković Štedimlija ( Montenegrin : Савић Марковић Штедимлија ; 12 January 1906 – 25 January 1971)

108-631: The Croatian Orthodox Church of Ustaše regime. At the end of 1944 he escaped to the Ostmark of Nazi Germany , in 1945 he was arrested in the Soviet zone of Austria and deported to a Gulag in the USSR . After ten years of detention, he came back to SFR Yugoslavia in 1955, was prosecuted for fascist collaboration and sentenced to 8 years in prison for his political activities during

126-728: The Kingdom of Montenegro after the Podgorica Assembly in 1918, and his articles on domestic policy of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia were influenced by Croatian nationalism of that time. In 1941, after political changes in the Balkans , he founded the Montenegrin National Committee of the Independent State of Croatia and a year later, he became editor-in-chief of publications promoting

144-418: The " Croatian people ", who would then have settled the old Montenegrin territory of Red Croatia . In his view, Montenegrin language would therefore have been "but a dialect of Croatian". The final point of that theory resulted in his assertion that the population had gradually been Serbianized over the following centuries. This theory was not Štedimlija's original idea, but its ideological roots go back to

162-463: The 1990s, after the breakup of Yugoslavia , regarding the revival of such a church. The Croatian Orthodox Church was created due to the loss of a significant part of the territory to Partisans and Chetniks , as well as the additional German pressure over growing anarchy in the country caused by the persecution of Serbs, which is why a concession to the Serb population was deemed necessary. The church

180-565: The Croatian Orthodox Community , which was still an unregistered association at the time, tried to restore the Croatian Orthodox Church. This association was registered in 2017, and Aleksandar Radoev Ivanov was elected as the president of the association and at the same time the archbishop of the officially unrecognized Croatian Orthodox Church. Although this church has never been officially registered in Croatia and

198-507: The late 19th century in the intellectual history of Croatian irredentism . Confessional community A confessional community is a group of people with similar religious beliefs . In the Ottoman Empire , this allowed people to be grouped by religious confession as opposed to nationality or ethnicity, which was more consistent with the existing social structure. People were able to represent themselves more effectively as

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216-774: The war. In 1959, he was already released on condition that he accepted the prohibition of publishing works under his name. In the 1960s he was a member of the Yugoslav Lexicographical Institute until he retired into private life. Savić Marković Štedimlija died in 1971 and was buried in Zagreb's Mirogoj Cemetery . He published his central theory on the origin of the Montenegrins for the first time in his books Red Croatia and Basics of Montenegrin Nationalism from 1937. He explained in his fringe theory that Montenegrins were descendants of

234-603: The whole Serb population of Croatia. Persecution of Serbs persisted even after its establishment, though it was not as intense as before. On 6 March 1993, Juraj Kolarić, dean of the Catholic Faculty of Theology in Zagreb, was reported by the Tanjug news agency as stating that the " Orthodox Church in Croatia should be organized along the Macedonian principle, with its patriarch , and break away as far as territory

252-656: Was a Montenegrin writer. He studied the history of Croatia and was an associate of the Lexicographic Institute in Zagreb . During his life, he authored more than 20 books and a number of articles, and also worked as a literary critic . Štedimlija is also known as editor-in-chief of publications promoting the Croatian Orthodox Church of the Ustaše regime. Štedimlija was born in Stijena Piperska ,

270-620: Was also under the control of the Fascist regime of Ion Antonescu ). According to historian Jozo Tomasevich , although the Church was established as a way to appease the remaining Serb Orthodox population in the NDH, it was ultimately a means to destroying religious, cultural and national ties between Serbs in Serbia and Serbs in the NDH because the Ustashe could not achieve their goal of exterminating

288-569: Was concerned, from Serbia”. Kolarić tried several times to establish such a church by the "Croat Orthodox believers and possible Croatian Orthodox clergy, because then all the conditions for an autocephalous church would be met". Kolarić claimed that if such a church were formed, it would eventually be recognized by the Patriarch of Constantinople as the Serbian Orthodox Church would never again be present in Croatia. In 2010,

306-596: Was formed by a government statute (No. XC-800-Z-1942) on 4 April 1942. On 5 June, using a statute issued by the government, the church's constitution was passed. The church lasted until the collapse of the NDH. A small number of the Serb clergy joined it but the Serbian Church hierarchy along with ordinary Serbs rejected it. Many or most of the church's priests were Serbian priests compelled to change churches in order to survive, along with émigré priests from Russia . On 7 June, White Russian émigré Germogen Maximov ,

324-634: Was formed, the NDH officially described the Eastern Orthodox Church as the "Greek-Eastern Church", and would refer to it as the "Schismatic Church" or the "Greek non-Uniate Church". It was not recognized by the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople . The Church was only recognized by one other Orthodox church, the Romanian Orthodox Church under Patriarch Nicodim , on 4 August 1944 (at the time, Romania

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