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24-711: 54°29′42″N 1°27′29″W  /  54.495°N 1.458°W  / 54.495; -1.458 Croft was a rural district in the North Riding of Yorkshire from 1894 to 1974. It was created under the Local Government Act 1894 from that part of the Darlington rural sanitary district which was in the North Riding (the rest forming Darlington Rural District in County Durham ). It

48-531: A County Review Order in the 1930s. It has formed part of the South Holland district since April 1974. Crowland falls within the drainage area of the Welland and Deepings Internal Drainage Board . The Crowland Ponds Nature Reserve is north of the town, next to the west side of the Welland. The town currently has one school, South View Primary, which has moved from its former home on Reform Street to

72-578: A grant of a market every Wednesday, confirmed by Henry IV in 1421, but it was afterwards moved to Thorney . The annual fair of St Bartholomew, which originally lasted twelve days, was first mentioned in Henry III 's confirmatory charter of 1227. The dissolution of the monastery in 1539 was fatal to the progress of the town, and it rapidly sank into the position of an unimportant village. The abbey lands were granted by Edward VI to Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln , from whose family they passed in 1671 to

96-405: A rural district was a doughnut-shaped ring around a town (which would be either an urban district or a municipal borough ). A good example of this is Melton and Belvoir Rural District , which surrounded the town of Melton Mowbray . Some rural districts were fragmented, consisting of a number of detached parts , such as Wigan Rural District . Some rural districts had a more rounded shape and had

120-542: A small town or village as the administrative centre. A few rural districts consisted of only one parish (for example, Tintwistle Rural District , Alston with Garrigill Rural District , South Mimms Rural District , King's Lynn Rural District , Disley Rural District and Crowland Rural District ). In such districts there was no separate parish council, and the rural district council exercised its functions. All rural districts in England and Wales were abolished in 1974 (by

144-742: The Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 . They were subdivided into district electoral divisions . In 1921, Ireland was partitioned with Northern Ireland remaining within the United Kingdom, and the rest of the country leaving as the Irish Free State in 1922. In the Irish Free State, rural districts outside of County Dublin were abolished in 1925 under the Local Government Act 1925 amid widespread accusations of corruption . Their functions were transferred to

168-513: The Local Government Act 1894 ( 56 & 57 Vict. c. 73) along with urban districts . They replaced the earlier system of sanitary districts (themselves based on poor law unions , but not replacing them). Each rural district had an elected rural district council (RDC), which inherited the functions of the earlier sanitary districts, but also had wider authority over matters such as local planning, council housing , and playgrounds and cemeteries. Matters such as education and major roads were

192-574: The Local Government Act 1972 ) and were typically merged with nearby urban districts or boroughs to form " districts ", which included both urban and rural areas. See Rural districts formed in England and Wales 1894–1974 for the districts created in 1894; List of rural and urban districts in England , and List of rural and urban districts in Wales for a list of rural districts at abolition in 1974. Rural districts were created in Ireland in 1899 under

216-637: The Memorials of Saint Guthlac published in Wisbech in 1881. Here the name appears as Cruglond , Crugland , Cruuulond and Cruwland . It appears as Croiland in the Domesday Book of 1086. The word "cruw" is thought to mean a bend, and to refer to the bend in the River Welland at Crowland, which was more pronounced before the draining of the fens . The town of Crowland grew up round

240-591: The Orby family. In 1642, near the start of the English Civil War , the remains of the abbey were fortified and garrisoned by Royalists under Governor Thomas Stiles . After a short siege it was taken by Parliamentarian forces under the command of Oliver Cromwell in May 1643. The surrounding agricultural area suffered from extensive flooding in 1947 as the River Welland and the surrounding drain network

264-506: The abbey at the Domesday Survey . The Croyland Chronicle (1144–1486), an important source for medieval historians, is believed to be the work of some of the monastery's inhabitants. The town was nearly destroyed by fire (1469–1476), but the abbey tenants were given money to rebuild it. By virtue of his office the abbot had a seat in parliament, but the town was never a parliamentary borough. Abbot Ralph Mershe in 1257 obtained

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288-449: The abbey. By a charter dated 716, Æthelbald of Mercia granted the isle of Crowland, free from all secular services, to the abbey with a gift of money, and leave to build and enclose the town. The charter's privileges were confirmed by numerous other royal charters extending over a period of nearly 800 years. Under Abbot Ægelric the fens were tilled, the monastery grew rich, and the town increased in size, enormous tracts of land being held by

312-658: The confluence of three streams. In about 701, a monk named Guthlac came to what was then an island in the Fens to live the life of a hermit. Following in Guthlac's footsteps, a monastic community came into being here, which was dedicated to Saint Mary the Virgin , Saint Bartholomew and Saint Guthlac in the eighth century. The place-name 'Crowland' is first attested circa 745 AD in the Vita S. Guthlaci auctore Felice , reprinted in

336-550: The county councils The remaining rural districts in County Dublin were similarly abolished in 1930 by the Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930 . The former boundaries of the rural districts in the Republic of Ireland continue to be used for statistical purposes and defining constituencies. In Northern Ireland, rural districts continued to exist until 1973 when they were abolished (along with all other local government of

360-463: The following decades led to some rural districts being redefined as urban districts or merging with existing urban districts or boroughs. Other rural districts proved to be too small or poor to be viable, and under the Local Government Act 1929 , 236 rural districts were abolished and merged or amalgamated into larger units. Further mergers took place over following decades and by 1965 the number of districts had been reduced to 473. The typical shape of

384-618: The much larger former St Guthlac School site on Postland Road in September 2014. Crowland's former secondary school was named The St Guthlac School after the abbey's founder. It was situated at the junction of the B1166 and B1040 . Lincolnshire Country Council made the decision at the begin of July 2011 that The St Guthlac School would close as part of the creation of the University Academy Holbeach , to be situated on

408-557: The name of Crowland and Deeping St Nicholas exists. This ward has a total population taken at the 2011 census of 6,172. Crowland is nearer to the outskirts of Peterborough than Spalding , and (similar to other settlements of the Welland) is less than 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the boundary with the City of Peterborough. The main road is the A16 , which provides connections with Spalding to

432-698: The north and Peterborough to the south (via the A47 ). The east-west B1166 connects with Deeping St. James , the north side of the Welland to the west and Holbeach Drove to the east, and Thorney is accessed via the B1040 to the south-east. From 1894 the parish, being the only part of the Peterborough Rural Sanitary District in Lincolnshire, formed its own Crowland Rural District . This was merged into Spalding Rural District under

456-649: The old pattern) and replaced with a system of unitary districts . Rural districts also existed in the Canadian province of Newfoundland to govern certain rural communities. Under Newfoundland's Local Government Act , rural districts and towns together formed the province's municipalities. Under the Municipalities Act , effective April 1, 1980, rural districts where abolished and automatically turned into towns. Crowland Rural District Crowland (modern usage) or Croyland (medieval era name and

480-499: The one still in ecclesiastical use; cf. Latin : Croilandia ) is a town and civil parish in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire , England. It is situated between Peterborough and Spalding . Crowland contains two sites of historical interest, Crowland Abbey and Trinity Bridge . The town's two historical points of interest are the ruined medieval Crowland Abbey and the 14th-century three-sided bridge, Trinity Bridge , which stands at its central point and used to be

504-410: The responsibility of county councils . Until 1930 the rural district councillors were also poor law guardians for the unions of which they formed part. Each parish was represented by one or more councillors. Originally there were 787 rural districts in England and Wales, as they were based directly upon the sanitary districts and poor law unions which had preceded them. Gradual urbanisation over

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528-551: The site of the former George Farmer Technology and Language College in Holbeach . Crowland receives its television signals from various transmitters: Sandy Heath ( BBC East / ITV Anglia ), Waltham ( BBC East Midlands / ITV Central ), and Belmont ( BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire / ITV Yorkshire ). The town is served by both BBC Radio Lincolnshire and BBC Radio Cambridgeshire . Other radio stations including Smooth East Midlands (formerly Connect FM ) and Kiss . The area

552-532: Was named after Croft-on-Tees . It was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972 in 1974. The parishes of Girsby and Over Dinsdale went to form part of the new North Yorkshire district of Hambleton , with the rest going to the Richmondshire district. This Hambleton , North Yorkshire location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Rural district In England and Wales rural districts were created in 1894 by

576-512: Was overwhelmed with meltwater . A flood defence bank, West Bank, still exists, forming the north-west perimeter of the village and eastern flank of the River Welland's flood plain. The Great Northern and Great Eastern Joint Railway crossed the north-east part of the parish until the 1980s. It passed near De Key's Farm to the east and Martin's Farm to the north. Postland railway station was near Postland House. An electoral ward in

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