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29-465: Cuéllar ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkweʎaɾ] ) is a municipality in the Province of Segovia , within the autonomous community of Castile and León , Spain. The municipality had a population of 9,730 inhabitants according to the municipal register of inhabitants (INE) as of 1 January 2010, divided into 4,929 men and 4,801 women. Cuéllar is located on a hill and is 60 km northeast of

58-435: A lordship to his favorite nobleman, Beltrán de La Cueva, the first Duke of Alburquerque . Since then, the town has been bound to this family. The duke's great-grandson was raised as a marquess . In the 17th century, the town suffered a recession, along with many cities and villages in the country. The monarchy moved to Madrid and settled the royal court within this city, which forced the aristocracy to relocate to Madrid. It

87-492: A low number of inhabitants. The area of the municipal territory (Spanish: término municipal ) usually ranges 2–40 km , but some municipalities span across a much larger area, up to the 1,750.33 km of Cáceres ', the largest municipality in the country. The average land area of a Spanish municipality is about 62.23 km (24.03 sq mi), while the average population is about 5,988 people. Municipalities were first created by decree on 23 May 1812 as part of

116-463: A quaternary mass characterised by a sandy terrain with lush vegetation, a Miocenic mass in which the soil is primarily clay, and another belonging to the Pliocene epoch, which is mixed with the previous one. The municipality had a population of 9,730 inhabitants according to the municipal register of inhabitants (INE) on 1 January 2010, divided between 4,929 men and 4,801 women. The figure includes

145-412: A term often also used to refer to the municipal headquarters (city/town hall). The ayuntamiento is composed of the mayor (Spanish: alcalde ), the deputy mayors (Spanish: tenientes de alcalde ) and the deliberative assembly ( pleno ) of councillors ( concejales ). Another form of local government used in small municipalities is the concejo abierto (open council), in which the deliberative assembly

174-483: Is extended to Spanish citizens living abroad. A Spaniard abroad, upon registering in a consulate , has the right to vote in the local elections of the last municipality they resided in. A Spanish citizen born abroad must choose between the last municipality his or her mother or father last lived in. As of 2022, there were a total of 8,131 municipalities in Spain, including the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla . In

203-451: Is formed by all the electors in the municipality. The operation of the municipalities is broadly outlined by the 1985 Local Government Act. The Statutes of Autonomy of the various autonomous communities also contain provisions and many sectorial laws from national and autonomous community government determine the functions and powers of ayuntamientos. In general, municipalities enjoy a large degree of autonomy in their local affairs: many of

232-436: Is located in the heart of the natural region of Tierra de Pinares, on the border of the province of Segovia , where it meets the province of Valladolid, 60 km and 50 km respectively from both capitals. It is bordered to the north by Bahabón , Campaspero , Torrescárcela and Viloria , all in the province of Valladolid; to the west by Chañe , Arroyo de Cuéllar, Samboal , San Cristóbal de Cuéllar and Vallelado ; to

261-429: Is no implied hierarchy or primacy of one over the other. Instead the two entities are defined according to the authority or jurisdiction of each ( Spanish : competencias ). Some autonomous communities also group municipalities into entities known as comarcas (districts) or mancomunidades (commonwealths). The governing body in most municipalities is called ayuntamiento ( municipal council or corporation ),

290-501: The Junta de Castilla y León recognised the town's ownership of the mountain called Común Grande de las Pegueras, and ruled that it belonged to Cuéllar, increasing the municipality's area by 74.46 km². Due to its location in the centre of the northern plateau, it has a gentle topography, except in the large gorge that delimits its municipal area along with the river Cega. From a geological point of view, three zones can be distinguished:

319-492: The Principality of Asturias , municipalities are officially named concejos (councils). The average population of a municipality is about 5,300, but this figure masks a huge range: the most populous Spanish municipality is the city of Madrid , with a population of 3,305,408 (2022) , while several rural municipalities have fewer than ten inhabitants ( Illán de Vacas , had a population of three in 2022 ). Almost 40% of

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348-467: The 10th century. Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir (Spanish name: Almanzor) sacked the town and enslaved and deported its citizens to Andalusia . King Alfonso VI of León and Castile rebuilt the town, bringing in new settlers at the end of the 11th century. This was the origin of the municipality, which was ruled by its town council. In 1184, King Alfonso VIII of Castile assembled the parliament in Cuéllar. In

377-405: The 13th century, Cuéllar was one of the most important towns in northern Spain, and the wool trade enriched the local economy. Many palaces and Mudéjar churches were constructed during this period. In 1256, Alfonso X of Castile granted Cuéllar a royal fuero . Queen María de Molina, Sancho IV of Castile 's wife, inherited the town after her husband's death. During her troubled regency, the town

406-423: The 17th century, there was a significant decline at the end of the 16th century, when the population of Cuéllar dropped to 2,400 inhabitants; in 1751, it had 2,194 inhabitants. The recovery of the kingdom in the 18th century and the commercial and economic importance of the town again allowed for immigration, reaching 3,000 inhabitants in the mid-19th century. In the 20th century, one of the greatest population growths

435-472: The Spanish population resides in just 62 municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. 84% (6,817) of municipalities have less than 5,000 inhabitants. Castile and León alone account for 28% of municipalities but they constitute less than 6% of the population of Spain. A European report said that one of the most important problems facing local governments in Spain is the very high number of little towns with

464-407: The capital city of Segovia and 50 km south of Valladolid . It occupies an area of 272 square kilometres (105 sq mi), and it is 857 metres (2,812 ft) above sea level. The Cerquilla and Cega rivers flow near the town. To the north, the town borders the municipality of Bahabón (the province of Valladolid); to the south, it borders Sanchonuño ; to the east is Frumales , and to

493-526: The castle. They were never recovered. In 1833, the writer and politician Jose de Espronceda was exiled to Cuéllar because of his liberalism. Espronceda wrote the novel Sancho Saldaña o el Castellano de Cuéllar when he lived near the church of Santo Tomé. During the Spanish Civil War , the town remained part of the country controlled by nationalist forces, so its churches were preserved from destruction. Cuéllar Castle served as headquarters to

522-409: The fascist Italian troops, and later as a prison for different political prisoners. Many years after, the castle became a hospital for consumption patients and a jail for criminals. Today it functions as a high school and tourism center. Due to local agricultural production, the people of Cuéllar were affected less after the civil war and did not emigrate as much as other people in the region. Cuéllar

551-495: The functions of the comarcas and provinces are municipal powers pooled together. All citizens of Spain are required to register in the municipality they live in, and after doing so, they are juridically considered "neighbors" (residents) of the municipality, a designation that grants them various rights and privileges, and which entail certain obligations as well, including the right to vote or be elected for public office in said municipality. The right to vote in municipal elections

580-407: The largest number of inhabitants in the province, with the exception of the capital. However, from 2022 onwards, it was overtaken by El Espinar . The demographic history of Cuéllar was influenced by the discovery of America in the 15th century, due to the large number of cuellaranos who travelled to the new lands and changed the demographic course of the town. It could not be reliably studied until

609-539: The liberal reforms associated with the new Spanish Constitution of 1812 and based on similar actions in revolutionary France. The idea was to rationalise and homogenise territorial organisation, do away with the prior feudal system and provide equality before the law of all citizens. Between 1812 and 1931, the legislation regarding municipal organisation was changed more than 20 times, and there were 20 addition and unsuccessful proposals for change. Cu%C3%A9llar Castle Too Many Requests If you report this error to

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638-416: The municipal capital, and the neighbourhoods and smaller local entities belonging to the municipality since 1981. The total is divided as follows: Cuéllar (8,374), Arroyo de Cuéllar (381), Chatún (262), Campo de Cuéllar (221), Torregutiérrez (126), Dehesa Mayor (112), Lovingos (96), Escarabajosa de Cuéllar (79), Fuentes de Cuéllar (48) and Dehesa (31). Since long time ago until 2021, it was the municipality with

667-499: The population fell by 300, but began to recover again from the 1990s onwards, rising steadily until the present day. Factors include immigration from the surrounding municipalities and its industries and services, which have made it an economic and commercial centre in the area. [REDACTED] Media related to Cuéllar at Wikimedia Commons Municipalities of Spain Although provinces are groupings of municipalities , there

696-429: The south by Gomezserracín , Pinarejos , Samboal , San Martín y Mudrián and Sanchonuño and to the east by Frumales and Olombrada , all in the province of Segovia. Its exact coordinates are 41°24′10″N 4°19′12″E  /  41.40278°N 4.32000°E  / 41.40278; 4.32000 and it is 857.93 m above sea level. Until 2008, its municipal area covered an area of 272.4 km², but in that year

725-409: The west are San Cristóbal de Cuéllar and Vallelado . Inhabitants of Cuéllar traditionally grow different crops (such as cereals , vegetables, chicory , legumes , and beets ) and raise livestock, including pigs, sheep, and cows. Forestry and resin production were once important economic resources. Professor Ubieto Arteta reported that there is some historical evidence of Cuéllar's existence in

754-415: The year 1528 when the first complete population census appeared. By the end of the 16th century Cuéllar's population totalled around 3,000, attributed to a growth derived from the new economy, which was mainly devoted to agriculture to the detriment of livestock farming, and from becoming a migratory enclave for nearby towns that sought the tax advantages offered by the town to foreigners. At the beginning of

783-503: Was a refuge while her son, the future King Ferdinand IV of Castile , was still a child. In the middle of the 14th century, King Pedro I "the Cruel" married Doña Juana de Castro in Cuéllar. The marriage was a fraud because the King was unlawfully divorced from his former wife and because he deserted Doña Juana after their wedding night. In 1464, King Henry IV of Castile gave the town as

812-468: Was also a period of poverty, due to the decadence of the wool trade, the taxes to pay for prior wars, and the various plagues that ravaged the country. In the 18th century, laws enacted by Charles III allowed Cuéllar to recover some of its social and economic prosperity. When Napoleon invaded Spain, Cuéllar was looted by the French troops, who stole all the treasuries from the churches, monasteries, and

841-402: Was recorded between 1930 and 1940, with more than 2,000 inhabitants, as well as in the period between 1970 and 1975, the most fruitful period in the demography of Cuéllar in that century, although this was because it incorporated the disappeared municipalities of Arroyo de Cuéllar, Campo de Cuéllar, Chatún, Dehesa, Fuentes de Cuéllar and Lovingos into its territory in 1971. At the end of the 1980s,

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