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29-514: In late 2012, an unnamed woman from Idaho began posting on her social media accounts alleging that a member of the Salt Lake City band Gaza had raped her, and later identified the Gaza member as its vocalist, Jon Parkin. In January 2013, Gaza posted a status update on their Facebook account denying that the rape allegations were true, calling the claims "reckless and completely slanderous," and

58-525: A multitude of bands to form or change sounds; and Eyehategod's members would go on to be a part of other defining New Orleans sludge bands including Soilent Green , Crowbar and Down . In a 2009 interview with Decibel magazine, Down vocalist Phil Anselmo stated "Back in those days, everything in the underground was fast, fast, fast. It was the rule of the day...But when the Melvins came out with their first record, Gluey Porch Treatments , it really broke

87-593: A new band called Cult Leader . Final lineup Former members Timeline Studio albums Extended plays Sludge metal Sludge metal (also known as sludge doom or simply sludge ) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that combines elements of doom metal and hardcore punk . The genre generally includes slow tempos, tuned down guitars and nihilistic lyrics discussing poverty, drug addiction and pollution. The sound of sludge metal has its origins in California hardcore punk bands in

116-417: A new band called Cult Leader, and recruited Sam Richards on bass. They decided on the name Cult Leader because it conjured up vivid imagery, and Lucero commented: "A friend of ours actually suggested that and my brain lit up. I loved all the references and all the meanings." Cult Leader released its debut EP Nothing for Us Here on April 15, 2014, through Deathwish Inc. The release "came together" in about

145-607: A practice". According to Parkin, the band was named after "perhaps the most obvious example of religious turmoil," and he said "we don’t affiliate ourselves with either side of the conflict." The original lineup consisted of Casey Hansen on drums, Parkin on bass, and Michael Mason and Luke Sorenson on guitars. With this lineup they played their first two shows with different vocalists – first with Dustin Dransfield and then with Dreu Hudson. After their departure, Parkin switched to lead vocals, and bass player Matt Nanes

174-421: A significant sludge metal scene in the 2000s which included Baroness , Black Tusk and Kylesa . Bands in the scenes' equal parts influence from punk, metal and rock led to writers like J.J. Anselmi referencing a "Savannah sound". Baroness' progressive take on the style, which also incorporated elements alternative rock gained significant commercial success in the 2010s. Mastodon from Atlanta similarly merged

203-471: A week, and the band was considering self-releasing the album for a while. They sent a copy to their friend Jacob Bannon of Converge to see what he thought of the music, who in turn suggested that Cult Leader release the EP through his own label, Deathwish. The title of EP was, in part, a reference to Gaza's break up. Nothing for Us Here was met with generally favorable reviews upon release, and Cult Leader toured

232-557: Is a common theme, while discussion of poverty and pollution are also prevalent. Sludge bands who lean more towards hardcore are sometimes called sludgecore by music historians including Garry Sharpe-Young and David Pearson. New Orleans is the birthplace of the sludgecore movement, with Eyehategod being this style's frontrunner. More recently, sludgecore bands like the Abominable Iron Sloth , Admiral Angry and Black Sheep Wall have emerged. Since its inception in

261-440: The "genesis of sludge metal". Furthermore, Los Angeles band Saint Vitus , one of the forefront groups in the still emerging doom metal genre, released their self-titled debut album through SST Records in 1984. The album's title track, merged the band's usual doom metal style with elements of punk to create a mid-tempo hardcore track which writer J. J. Anselmi described as "the first sludge metal song on record". However, it

290-751: The Ballou-produced album with an online stream of "I Am Healed" in September 2018. Gaza (band) Gaza was an American metalcore band from Salt Lake City , Utah . Formed in 2004, they were signed to Black Market Activities and released one extended play and three full-length albums. They are known for their "abrasive style of chaotic metalcore with heavy doses of grind , noisecore , and sludge ", as well as their outspoken anti-religious and political views. The band formed in Salt Lake City intending to be an indie rock band but, according to frontman Jon Parkin, that "lasted about half

319-468: The Internet, then it had reached the point where the three of us said that we'd had enough of this, it's done, and so we decided to actually kick Jon [Parkin] out of the band. Then we sat with Gaza for a while, trying to figure out what we were going to do, and eventually it felt like the only right thing to do was just start from scratch. In May 2013, Michael Mason, Casey Hansen and Anthony Lucero started

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348-613: The US in April–May 2014 in support of it. In November 2014, Cult Leader announced their plans to release a 7-inch EP and a full-length studio album in 2015. The 7-inch is a three-song EP titled Useless Animal that will be released on June 16, 2015, through Deathwish. The EP notably featured a cover of Mark Kozelek ( Red House Painters , Sun Kil Moon ) and Deathshore's collaboration track "You Are Not My Blood," which originally appeared on their 2013 album Mark Kozelek & Desertshore . Before

377-446: The band posted a statement denying the allegations and the matter was later resolved by the two parties. Despite resolving the issue, the band later announced that it would be breaking up, with the other members citing tension between them and Parkin. Bassist Anthony Lucero stated: It started to become really frustrating, and tours were getting cancelled, and all kinds of stuff was happening, so when that stupid, horrible shit blew up on

406-409: The band. Then we sat with Gaza for awhile, trying to figure out what we were going to do, and eventually it felt like the only right thing to do was just start from scratch. In May 2013, two months after the break-up announcement, former Gaza members guitarist Mike Mason, drummer Casey Hansen and Anthony Lucero – who was Gaza's bassist, but switched to lead vocals for this project – announced they formed

435-694: The early-to-mid-1980s like Black Flag , Flipper and Fang , who began slowing their tempos and embracing the influence of Black Sabbath . This sound was expanded upon by the Melvins towards the end of the decade and the bands they influenced in both the Seattle grunge scene, and in Louisiana with Eyehategod , Crowbar and Acid Bath . In the 1990s and 2000s, the sound of sludge diversified: bands including Neurosis , Isis and Cult of Luna helped to pioneer post-metal , while Baroness and Mastodon fused

464-404: The first sludge bands to form in the state at a time when the majority of local bands were fast. The band purposefully rebelled against this, embracing the influence of Black Sabbath and Black Flag, as a means to antagonize their peers. In the following years, Eyehategod became one of the defining and most influential bands in the genre: their second album Take as Needed for Pain (1993), inspired

493-763: The following years. Around the same time, Orange County, California 's Dystopia released their debut album Human = Garbage which merged sludge metal with crust punk and grindcore , a fusion Boston's Grief were also taking part in. In the United Kingdom, both Fudge Tunnel and Iron Monkey were prominent bands in the 1990s who embraced the influence of the Melvins and nascent sound of sludge. Damad formed in 1991 in Savannah, Georgia , releasing two studio albums Rise and Fall (1997) and Burning Cold (2000) which showcased both sludge and grindcore influenced punk. Damad's influence led to Savannah developing

522-408: The genre with progressive metal , and Dystopia and Grief did so with crust punk . The key characteristics of sludge metal are a slow tempo combined with down-tuned , heavily distorted guitars. However, some bands do make use of tempo changes into faster sections. The key element that differentiates sludge from other doom metal derived styles is its influence from hardcore punk, particularly

551-416: The genre's use of high aggression and screamed vocals, though the genre can include sung vocals. Many sludge bands also make use of elements of industrial music , southern rock and blues . Bandcamp Daily writer Noah Berlatsky described the genre as "visceral and ugly". Sludge metal's lyrics explore real-world themes, while often also making light of the darkness of these topics. Drug addiction

580-539: The late 1970s, the sound of hardcore punk was primarily defined by its high tempos. However, by the early-to-mid-1980s, a crop of bands, particularly California groups Black Flag , Fang and Flipper , began to play slower tempos as a way of antagonizing many in the scene. As early as 1982, Flipper's Album – Generic Flipper made use of dirgey, low tempos and expansive song lengths in the case of "(I Saw You) Shine", to create what, in his book Monolithic Undertow In Search of Sonic Oblivion , writer Harry Sword credited as

609-473: The matter was settled privately between the two parties. An excerpt from the woman's blog following the resolution read: "Neither of us are retracting our respective statements – instead we are deciding to not discuss it further and move on." Despite the resolution, Gaza formally announced its break up in March 2013, and their announcement also stated: "some of us will continue to make music together." In addition to

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638-585: The mold, especially in New Orleans. People began to appreciate playing slower." The 924 Gilman Street punk scene in Berkeley, California produced a sizeable sludge metal scene in the late 1980s and into the 1990s, which included Neurosis and Noothgrush. Neurosis' transition from playing hardcore to a droning, ambient and progressive style of sludge metal helped pioneer the post-metal genre, then joined by Boston 's Isis and Umeå 's Cult of Luna in

667-399: The most prominent bands in the scene to embrace the influence of both My War and Album – Generic Flipper , and would go on to be described by publications such as Revolver as the band that "invented sludge". Beginning their career by playing hardcore, the band began playing "slow and heavy riffs" after seeing Black Flag in Seattle in 1984, to form a dirge-like music that inspired much of

696-506: The rape allegations, the other members of Gaza also cited tension between them and Parkin that had been building up over the course of two years. Gaza bassist Anthony Lucero said: It started to become really frustrating and tours were getting cancelled and all kinds of stuff was happening, so when that stupid, horrible shit blew up on the Internet, then it had reached the point where the three of us said that we'd had enough of this, it's done, and so we decided to actually kick Jon [Parkin] out of

725-676: The release of the EP, Cult Leader toured across the US as they traveled from Utah to producer and Converge member Kurt Ballou 's GodCity Studio in Massachusetts to record their first full-length album in March 2015, and continued to tour North America through May 2015 immediately after recording was finished. The full-length album, titled Lightless Walk , was released on October 16, 2015, through Deathwish followed by an October–November 2015 supporting North American tour. On November 9, 2018, Cult Leader released its second studio album A Patient Man through Deathwish. The band began promoting

754-492: The spot for the duration of the project. Gaza’s new permanent lineup recorded He Is Never Coming Back . After the release of He Is Never Coming Back , Sorenson left the band, leaving them as a four-piece group. The final lineup recorded No Absolutes in Human Suffering . In late 2012, an unnamed woman alleged that a member of Gaza had raped her, later identifying the member as vocalist Jon Parkin. In January 2013,

783-457: The subsequent sludge and grunge bands. The grunge scene became sludge's most commercially successful moment, with groups like Soundgarden and Nirvana achieving widespread mainstream success in the early 1990s, playing music that merged the genre with alternative rock . By the 1990s, Louisiana developed one of the largest and most influential sludge metal scenes, with bands like Acid Bath , Crowbar and Eyehategod . Eyehategod were one of

812-454: Was added. With this lineup, the band recorded their debut EP East in 2004, which was distributed by Exigent Records. Nanes left the band after the EP release, and Chris Clement joined as bass player. In 2006, the band signed to label Black Market Activities, on which they have released I Don't Care Where I Go When I Die . Clement was unable to tour and turned bassist role fully over to Bird Eater band mate Anthony Lucero, who retained

841-551: Was the three track B-side of Black Flag's My War (1984) and its embrace of Black Sabbath influence, that is generally accredited as beginning the sludge metal genre. Early on My War' s influence took a particular hold on Seattle , Washington 's burgeoning grunge scene, inspiring some of the scene's earliest bands like 10 Minute Warning and the U-Men . The Melvins , formed in Montesano, Washington in 1983, were one of

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