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35-430: Their mission is to assist humans in becoming cyborgs, promote the use of cybernetics as part of the human body and defend cyborg rights. They have donated cyborg antennas to blind communities and have taught the use of colour-sensing technology to blind children to help them develop the sense of colour. The foundation believes that some cybernetic extensions should be treated as body parts, not as devices. The foundation

70-651: A bronze ax found in Drulovka, Hallstatt -era graves in the northern part of the town above the bank of the Kokra River, testifying to Illyrian settlement, and a burial site in the southern part of the town above the left bank of the Sava River, indicating a Celtic settlement. The Romans founded the settlement of Carnium at the confluence of the Sava and Kokra. In the 6th century, a major Germanic settlement stood at

105-541: A cyborg residency program in New York designed to further the Cyborg Foundation's mission to support the use of cybernetics as part of the body and begin to introduce the diverse possibilities for artistic practices that utilize extended sensory capabilities. In 2016, together with Mesa & Cadeira , a group of people (which included a dental surgeon, engineers and a psychologist) created “Design Yourself” –

140-469: A list of Cyborg Civil Rights were proposed at South by Southwest conferences. This list described the redefinition and defense of cyborg civil liberties and the sanctity of cyborg bodies. It also foresaw a battle for the ownership, licensing, and control of augmented, alternative, and synthetic anatomies; the communication, data and telemetry produced by them; and the very definition of what it means to be human. The Rights include morphological freedom and

175-531: A new revolt threatened Carniola, hussars commanded by Johann Katzianer occupied the town and caused more damage than the Ottomans had inflicted half a century earlier. In 1668 half of the houses in Kranj were destroyed by a fire, and the entire town burned in 1749. Kranj was affected by plague outbreaks in 1552, 1557, 1625, 1627, and 1657. In the mid-16th century, most of the townspeople converted to Protestantism;

210-733: A visual identity, tagline and website for the Foundation. The site explores the different human relationships with technology, and offers tools for expanding senses and abilities, and in the process, for becoming a cyborg. The group also developed a dental implant, that uses bluetooth technology and morse code to communicate. The first demonstration of the Transdental Communication System was presented in São Paulo. In 2016, together with electronic civil rights and civil liberties researcher and activist Rich MacKinnon,

245-482: A warm-summer humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ). Kranj was attested in written sources in the 5th century and c. 670 as Carnium (and as via Chreinariorum in 973, actum Kreine in 1050–65, in loco Chreina in 1065–77, and Chrainburch in 1291). The Slovene name is derived from Slavic *Korn’ь , borrowed from Romance Carnium in late antiquity. Like the Latin regional name Carnia , it

280-498: A wave of deindustrialisation with many of its factories going bankrupt following independence in 1991, leaving behind several brownfields. In recent years, its manufacturing sector has become more based around highly-competitive export-oriented industries. Major industrial companies operating in Kranj include Goodyear (under their subsidiary Goodyear Dunlop Sava ), Iskratel and Hidria. The St. Cantianus and Companions Parish Church ( Župnijska cerkev sv. Kancijana in tovarišev )

315-452: Is a microtonal and logarithmic scale with 360 notes in an octave. Each note corresponds to a specific degree of the color wheel . The scale was introduced to the first antenna in 2004. Harbisson's Pure Sonochromatic Scale (2005) is a non-logarithmic scale based on the transposition of light frequencies to sound frequencies. The scale discards color as being part of a color wheel and ignores musical/logarithmic perception so it can overstep

350-448: Is believed to have developed in the early 13th century; citizens of the town of Kranj appear in a document from 1221, and Kranj was officially referred to as a town in 1256. It was the seat of a court whose jurisdiction extended between that of Radovljica and Kamnik . In 1414 a decision was issued relieving the citizens of the town from paying tolls. In 1422 an ordinance required houses to be built of stone to prevent fires. A parish school

385-507: Is derived from the Celtic tribe known as the Carnī (Greek: Κάρνοι). The name of the tribe is probably derived from the Celtic root *karno- 'peak, hill, pile of stones'. The German name of the town was Krainburg . The name of the historical region of Carniola is a Latin diminutive form of Carnia . Archaeological finds show that Kranj was settled in prehistoric times. Discoveries include

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420-587: Is the fourth-largest city in Slovenia and the largest town and urban center of the traditional region of Upper Carniola (northwestern Slovenia) and the Slovene Alps . It is located approximately 20 kilometres (12 miles) northwest of the national capital Ljubljana , acting as the seat of the City Municipality of Kranj . The nucleus of the city is a well-preserved medieval old town, built at

455-492: Is the largest church in Kranj and also the seat of the Kranj Parish and Deaconates . It was built in the 14th century, and measures 442 cubic metres (15,600 cu ft). Construction was commissioned by the counts of Kranj. The castle was built in the mid-16th century by Baron Johann Jakob Khisl . Later owners included the families of Moscon , Ravbar , Apfaltrer , Auersperg , and Pagliaruzzi . The building

490-625: The right to bodily sovereignty . Cyborg antenna A cyborg antenna is an osseointegrated device implanted in a human skull. The antenna, composed of a wireless camera on one end and a wireless sound vibration implant on the other end, allows wireless communication and wireless transmission of images, sound or video from skull to skull. The antenna uses audible vibrations in the skull to report information. This includes measurements of electromagnetic radiation, phone calls, music, as well as video or images which are transmitted through audible vibrations. The Wi-Fi enabled antenna also allows

525-582: The Cyborg Foundation to create new sensory organs. In 2012, the Cyborg Foundation signed a partnership to create new cybernetic extensions in collaboration with Universidade de Pernambuco in Brazil. In 2014, the Cyborg Foundation participated in the European Union Commission for Robotic Laws. In 2016, Cyborg Foundation together with Parsons School of Design, The New School , Sensorium Works and Pioneer Works launched Cyborg Futures ,

560-559: The Middle Ages. Mills first developed along the Sava and Kokra rivers, and this was followed by butchers, fur merchants, hide and wood processors, and then weavers of canvas and woolen cloth. Habsburg efforts to maintain Vienna's monopoly on trade with Italy resulted in trade routes bypassing Kranj. Kranj was affected by peasant revolts in the 16th century; the leaders of the 1515 peasant revolt were beheaded in Kranj, and in 1525, when

595-551: The Second World War. The Planina Mass Grave ( Slovene : Grobišče Planina ) is located in a small woods in a field near the city cemetery. It contains the remains of an undetermined number of people murdered after the war; the victims may be German prisoners of war, Home Guard soldiers repatriated from Austria, or Slovene civilians from Kranj and the surrounding area. Kranj is a mainly industrial city with significant electronics and rubber industries. It experienced

630-915: The Sociedad de Ciegos de Pichincha in Ecuador. In 2011, vice-president of Ecuador Lenin Moreno announced that his government would collaborate with the Cyborg Foundation to create antennas and new sensory extensions. In 2012, after lecturing at Escola Politécnica de Pernambuco in Recife, the Cyborg Foundation signed a partnership to create antennas and other new human extensions in collaboration with Universidade de Pernambuco in Brazil. Antennas are currently being treated as body parts rather than as devices. Kranj Kranj ( pronounced [ˈkɾàːn] , German : Krainburg )

665-715: The Sociedad de Ciegos de Pichincha in Ecuador. In 2010, the foundation was the overall winner of the Cre@tic Awards, organized by Tecnocampus Mataró. In 2012, Spanish film director Rafel Duran Torrent, created a short film about the Cyborg Foundation. In 2013, the film won the Grand Jury Prize at the Sundance Film Festival 's Focus Forward Filmmakers Competition. A number of collaborations exist with Ecuador, since its president Lenin Moreno announced that his government would collaborate with

700-462: The antenna by increasing the number of color hues to 360 and adding color saturation through different volume levels. In 2009, Matias Lizana, a student from Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya developed the antenna into a chip as part of his final year project. The chip allows users to have the antenna implanted and to hear colors beyond the limits of human perception such as infrared and ultraviolet. Harbisson's Sonochromatic Music Scale (2003)

735-619: The confluence of the Kokra and Sava rivers. The city is served by the Kranj railway station on the route from Ljubljana to Munich , Germany (via Jesenice and Villach , Austria ) and a highway . Slovenia 's national airport, Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport (in Brnik ) is also very close to Kranj, considerably more so than to its nominal client, Ljubljana. In Kranj, the Kokra cuts deeply into

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770-488: The conglomerate, forming a canyon 40 meters (130 ft) deep. Kosorep, on the northern outskirts of Kranj, is a picturesque site along the river. Parts of the canyon can be reached by a walking trail. Below Kranj, at Drulovka , the Sava forms a 40-meter (130 ft) deep canyon with conglomerate on both sides. Due to the dam for the Mavčiče Hydroelectric Plant , the river's flow there is very slow. Kranj has

805-583: The limits of human perception. The introduction of the new scale to the eyeborg in 2010, allows users to decide whether they want to perceive colors logarithmically or not. Since 2005, antennas have been donated to blind communities in Europe, Asia and America with the aim of helping the blind develop the sense of color. The first blind person to try out an eyeborg was Sabriye Tenberken followed by blind students from Braille Without Borders in Tibet and members of

840-580: The machinery with equipment to produce aircraft. On 21 March 1944, German forces discovered several communist activists and functionaries at the Šorli Mill in Rupa in the northern part of the town, where military supplies for the Partisans were being stored. Three of the men at the mill were killed and the German forces then burned the mill. Kranj is the site of a mass grave from the period immediately after

875-497: The merchants of Kranj opened a Protestant school and Slovenian books by Protestant authors were imported from Germany. The Protestant Reformation in Kranj was led by Gašpar Rokavec , who was succeeded by Jernej Knafel after his death. Knafel was forced to withdraw from Kranj to Brdo Castle during the Counter-Reformation . Economically, teamster services developed in Kranj in the 16th century, with connections to

910-467: The most important centers of textile manufacturing in pre-war Yugoslavia. A major strike by textile workers occurred in 1936, when they occupied the factories. Two shoe factories were established in 1925, and a bakery in 1937. During the Second World War, Kranj, along with the rest of northern Slovenia, was annexed by Nazi Germany . The German authorities dismantled the Jugo-Češka textile works, replacing

945-733: The reception signals and data from satellites. The first antenna was created in England in 2003 by Neil Harbisson . The invention, under the heading Bridging the Island of the Colourblind Project , won a British award in Innovation (Submerge 2004) and a European award in Content Tools and Interface Design ( Europrix 2004). In 2007, Peter Kese, a software developer from Kranj , Slovenia , made further developments to

980-410: The rest of Upper Carniola and Carinthia. There were also several blacksmith workshops and two foundries along the Sava River. Sieve -making also developed at this time; horsehair was imported from around Europe and the sieves were exported to France, Belgium, Germany, and Greece. Several breweries and leather works operated in the town. Kranj went into an economic decline in the 17th century, when there

1015-479: The same site, and an Ostrogothic cemetery was discovered nearby. The Gothic settlement was continued by the Lombards and existed until c. AD 580, when it was destroyed by invading Slavs. Traces of the old Slavic settlement (a Slavic burial site) date from the 9th and 10th centuries. As the seat of the margraves of Carniola in the 11th century, it was the most important settlement in the territory. The town itself

1050-487: Was created as a response to the growing number of letters and emails that Neil Harbisson received from people around the world interested in becoming a cyborg. Since its creation the foundation has kick-started several new-sense development projects and has donated cyborg antennas to blind communities in Europe, Asia and America. The first blind person to try out an eyeborg was Sabriye Tenberken followed by blind students from Braille Without Borders in Tibet and members of

1085-560: Was economically most important. The Majdič Mill, which operated from 1874 until the Second World War, was an early industry, producing up to 70,000 kg (154,324 lb) of milled products per day. A leather factory was established in 1875. Large-scale industrialization occurred after the First World War, starting with the founding of a rubber factory in 1921. The Jugo-Češka textile works was established in 1923. Additional textile works were established after this, making Kranj one of

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1120-429: Was established in Kranj in 1423, and the same year the right was granted to Kranj to elect its own judge. Kranj was laid waste in 1471 in an Ottoman attack . Emperor Frederick III granted Kranj the right to collect tolls in documents from 1488 and 1493, and a 1493 document also granted the town the right to hold fairs twice a year. The town hospice records date back to the 15th century. Crafts developed in Kranj during

1155-415: Was much emigration from the town, leaving many houses empty, and business did not revive again until the second half of the 18th century. Kranj was affected by plague outbreaks in 1836 and 1855. A Slovene reading room was established in 1863. Artisans' workshops became established in Kranj in the 19th century, with roots going back to a number of painters in the 17th and 18th centuries. Prominent among these

1190-493: Was renovated in 1952 by the architect Jože Plečnik in his late period. The castle garden is currently used as a concert setting. The city is known for its sports facilities, including soccer, tennis and basketball, as well as the biggest aquatic centre in the country, which hosted the 2003 Men's European Water Polo Championship (along with Ljubljana , hosting the women's competition). The annual Teden Mladih (Youth Week) festival and Carniola Festival are very popular. Kranj

1225-431: Was the workshop of Josip Egartner Jr. (1833–1905), who settled in Kranj in 1875. An upper secondary school was established in 1861, and a vocational school for textile workers opened in 1930. A water supply system was installed in Kranj in 1901, supplied by Čemšenik Spring on the Kokra River. There was limited industry in Kranj until the late 19th century. Until this time, trade in agricultural products, livestock, and wood

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