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28-408: On the first edition of the festival, audience award in the category of "Spectrum" was awarded to the film Winter's Bone by Debra Granik . The award for "American Docs" was awarded to the film The Two Escobars by Jeff and Michael Zimbalist. The second edition took place on 15–20 November 2011. On the second edition of the festival, audience award in the category of "Spectrum" was awarded to

56-435: A crime lord , mafia don , gang lord , gang boss , mob boss , kingpin , godfather , crime mentor , or criminal mastermind is the leader of a criminal organization . A crime boss has absolute or nearly absolute control over the other members of the organization and is often greatly feared or respected for their cunning, strategy, and/or ruthlessness and willingness to take lives to exert their influence and profits from

84-563: A limited release in 4 theaters and grossed "a hearty" $ 84,797, with an average of $ 21,199 per theater and ranking #35 at the box office. The film's subsequent outing and expansion to 39 theaters earned $ 351,317, with an average of $ 9,008 per theater. The film's distributors Roadside Attractions aimed, concurrently with New York, Los Angeles and Boston, at "heartland cities" such as Minneapolis , Overland Park , St. Louis , Springfield , Dallas and Denver , which eventually all attracted significant audiences, surpassing New York's. According to

112-452: A made man . The boss can promote or demote family members at will, and has the sole power to sanction murders inside and outside the family. If the boss is incarcerated or incapacitated, he usually retains the title of "boss" but may appoint an acting boss who is responsible for running the crime family in his stead or on a more daily basis. In addition to "boss" and "acting boss", some families have at times officially or unofficially utilized

140-510: A commercial success at the box-office, earning $ 16.1 million on a budget of $ 2 million. The film won several awards , including the Grand Jury Prize: Dramatic Film at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival . It received four Oscar nominations at the 83rd Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Actress in a Leading Role for Lawrence (who at 20 was the second-youngest Best Actress nominee at

168-501: Is a 2010 American coming-of-age drama film directed by Debra Granik . It was adapted by Granik and Anne Rosellini from the 2006 novel by Daniel Woodrell . The film stars Jennifer Lawrence as a poverty-stricken teenage girl named Ree Dolly in the rural Ozarks of Missouri who, to protect her family from eviction, must locate her missing father. Winter's Bone received critical acclaim upon release, with high praise directed towards Lawrence's performance. The film also emerged as

196-479: Is a welcome reminder that thrillers don't have to be loud and boisterous to grab the attention and keep it captive." David Edelstein wrote in New York magazine, "For all the horror, it's the drive toward life, not the decay, that lingers in the mind. As a modern heroine, Ree Dolly has no peer, and Winter's Bone is the year's most stirring film." New Yorker critic David Denby called Winter's Bone "one of

224-429: Is dead to avoid the bond being forfeited. Later, Ree talks to an Army recruiter about enlisting for the $ 40,000 bonus, but he tells her that she needs her parents' signatures to enlist and that she has the wrong reasons. Ree tries to go see Milton again and is severely beaten by the women of his family. Teardrop rescues Ree, promising her attackers that she will not cause more trouble. Teardrop tells Ree that her father

252-461: Is destitute. Ree's father, Jessup, has not been home for a long time; his whereabouts are unknown. He is out on bail following an arrest for manufacturing meth . Sheriff Baskin tells Ree that if her father does not appear for his court date, they will lose the house because it was put up as part of his bond . Ree sets out to find her father. She starts with her meth-addicted uncle Teardrop and continues to more distant kin, eventually trying to talk to

280-453: Is usually as follows: A boss will typically put up layers of insulation between himself and his men to hinder police efforts to connect his orders to him. Whenever he issues orders, he does so either to his underboss, consigliere or capos. The orders are then passed down the line to the soldiers. This makes it difficult under most circumstances for the police to directly implicate a boss in a crime, since he almost never directly gives orders to

308-480: Is writer-director Debra Granik's best work yet — and it boasts an incredible, starmaking performance from Jennifer Lawrence." Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 90 out of 100 based on 38 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". Roger Ebert gave the film 4 out of 4 stars, praising Lawrence's steely "hope and courage" that remains optimistic despite her tribulations, and calling attention to Granik's direction that avoids passing moral judgment on

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336-646: The 2010 Berlin Film Festival in Germany and at the 2010 Stockholm International Film Festival , it won the awards for Best Film, Best Actress (Lawrence) and the Fipresci Prize. Winter's Bone also won Best Feature and Best Ensemble Performance at the 2010 Gotham Awards and it earned seven nominations at the 2010 Independent Spirit Awards , including Best Film, Best Director, and Best Actress. Crime boss A crime boss , also known as

364-470: The Milton women who beat Ree come to her house and offer to take her to "[her] daddy's bones". The women place a sack on her head and drive her to a pond, where they row to the shallow area where her father's submerged body lies. They tell Ree to reach into the water and grasp her father's hands so they can cut them off with a chainsaw; the severed hands will serve as proof of death for the authorities. Ree takes

392-488: The characters or descending into stereotypes. Reviewer Peter Travers found the film "unforgettable," writing in Rolling Stone , "Granik handles this volatile, borderline horrific material with unblinking ferocity and feeling.... In Lawrence, Granik has found just the right young actress to inhabit Ree. Her performance is more than acting, it's a gathering storm." Critic James Berardinelli said that " Winter's Bone

420-605: The criminal endeavors in which the organization engages. Some groups may only have as little as two ranks (a crime boss and their soldiers). Other groups have a more complex, structured organization with many ranks, and structure may vary with cultural background. Organized crime enterprises originating in Sicily differ in structure from those in mainland Italy. American groups may be structured differently from their European counterparts and Latino and African American gangs often have structures that vary from European gangs. The size of

448-454: The criminal organization is also important, as regional or national gangs have much more complex hierarchies. The boss in the Sicilian and Italian-American Mafia is the head of the crime family and the top decision maker. Only the boss can initiate an associate into the family, however, the boss can give permission to an underboss , consigliere or a captain , allowing them to become

476-523: The distributor, "the filmmakers had always wanted to deliver the movie to the people who helped them make it". The film was in cinemas for over 45 weeks and ultimately earned $ 6,531,503 domestically and $ 9,600,048 internationally for a total of $ 16,131,551, surpassing its $ 2 million budget. The film won the Grand Jury Prize: Dramatic Film and the Best Screenplay Award at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival . It also received two awards at

504-452: The film How to Survive a Plague by David France . The fourth edition took place on 22–27 October 2013. On the fourth edition of the festival, audience award in the category of "Spectrum" was awarded to the film Short Term 12 by Destin Cretton. The award for "American Docs" was awarded to the film Big Easy Express by Emmett Malloy. Winter%27s Bone Winter's Bone

532-460: The film Somewhere Tonight by Michael Di Jiacomo. The award for "American Docs" was awarded to the film Sing Your Song by Susanne Rostock. The third edition took place on 13–18 November 2012. On the third edition of the festival, audience award in the category of "Spectrum" was awarded to the film Safety Not Guaranteed by Colin Trevorrow . The award for "American Docs" was awarded to

560-480: The great feminist works in film". Winter's Bone was highly rated in many critics end-of-year lists, and Metacritic ranked it in second place for the year, only behind The Social Network . The Writers Guild Foundation listed the script as one of the best in 2010s film and television. The script was praised as "filled with really specific dialogue and mountain speak, which just makes everything more vivid." Winter's Bone debuted in cinemas on June 11, 2010 in

588-433: The hands to the sheriff, telling him that someone flung them onto the porch of her house. The bondsman gives Ree the cash portion of the bond, which was put up by an anonymous associate of Jessup. Ree tries to give Jessup's banjo to Teardrop, but he tells her to keep it at the house for him. As he is leaving, he tells her that he now knows who killed her father. Ree reassures Sonny and Ashlee that she will never leave them. As

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616-514: The local crime boss , Thump Milton. Milton refuses to see her; the only information Ree comes up with are warnings to leave the situation alone and stories that Jessup died in a meth lab fire or skipped town to avoid the trial. When Jessup fails to appear for the trial, the bondsman comes looking for him and tells Ree that she has about a week before the house and land are seized. Ree tells him that Jessup must be dead, because "Dollys don't run". He tells her that she must provide proof that her father

644-528: The positions of front boss and street boss . A "front boss" is generally put into place to act ostensibly as the boss while drawing police attention away from the actual official boss operating behind the scenes. A "street boss" is often informally appointed or regarded by the official boss or by subordinates as the "hands-on", street-level, actively engaged proxy or stand-in for the official boss, usually coordinating, controlling, and managing street operations on behalf of an official boss who prefers to stay behind

672-529: The scenes (either by choice or to avoid police scrutiny). "Street bosses" are often particularly influential or powerful caporegimes or underbosses , and the term is sometimes used interchangeably with "acting boss" or "front boss" depending on the circumstances. When a boss dies, the crime family members choose a new boss from inside the organization. The typical structure within the Mafia in Sicily and America

700-431: The soldiers. The term Mr. Big is used within the underworld , and additionally during media reportings of persons associated with criminal activities, to refer to a leader of a body of persons functioning in the capacities of roles within organised crime. Sometimes bosses of the so-called gangland are referred to as being Mr Big , as for example when he could not be named for legal reasons. The term implicitly indicates

728-399: The three sit on the porch, Ashlee begins to play their father's banjo. In addition, Isaiah Stone and Ashlee Thompson play Ree's younger brother and sister, respectively. On Rotten Tomatoes the film holds an approval rating of 94% based on 178 reviews, with an average rating of 8.3/10. The website's critics consensus states: "Bleak, haunting, and yet still somehow hopeful, Winter's Bone

756-537: The time), and Best Supporting Actor for John Hawkes . In addition, Lawrence was nominated for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama and Outstanding Leading Actress at the 68th Golden Globe Awards and 17th Screen Actors Guild Awards , respectively. In the rural Ozarks of Missouri , seventeen-year-old Ree Dolly looks after her mentally ill mother, Connie, twelve-year-old brother Sonny, and six-year-old sister Ashlee. She makes sure her siblings eat and teaches them survival skills such as hunting and cooking. The family

784-499: Was killed because he was going to inform on other meth cookers, but he does not know who killed him. He warns her that if she finds out who did, she must not tell him because he will seek revenge. On the way home, Ree and her uncle are stopped by the sheriff, who wants to question Teardrop. After a tense standoff, where Teardrop implies that he knows the Sheriff leaked that Jessup was an informer, Teardrop drives off. A few nights later,

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