The American Negro League (ANL) was one of several Negro leagues established during the period in the United States in which organized baseball was segregated. The ANL operated on the East Coast of the United States in 1929.
18-773: The Eastern Colored League (ECL) had been the eastern of two major Negro leagues from 1923 through 1927 until its collapse during the 1928 season. Next winter the American Negro League was established by five former ECL teams—the Bacharach Giants of Atlantic City , the Baltimore Black Sox , the traveling Cuban Stars , the Hilldale Club of Darby, Pennsylvania , and the Lincoln Giants of New York City—along with
36-414: A winning percentage or Copeland score is the fraction of games or matches a team or individual has won. The statistic is commonly used in standings or rankings to compare teams or individuals. It is defined as wins divided by the total number of matches played (i.e. wins plus draws plus losses). A draw counts as a 1 ⁄ 2 win. For example, if a team's season record is 30 wins and 20 losses,
54-534: A draw, and no points are awarded for a loss. The National Hockey League (which uses an overtime and shootouts to break all ties) awards two points for a win in regulation or overtime/shootout, one point for an overtime loss, and none for a regulation loss. This table lists the best and worst winning percentages in the history of the National League (NL) and American League (AL) of Major League Baseball (MLB). Note: some team records sum to less than
72-441: Is one way to compare the record of two teams; however, another standard method most frequently used in baseball and professional basketball standings is games behind . In baseball , a pitcher is assessed wins and losses as an individual statistic and thus has his own winning percentage, based on his win–loss record . However, in association football , a manager 's abilities may be measured by win percentage. In this case,
90-445: Is the same value, but without the last step of multiplying by 100% in the formula above. Furthermore, they are usually read aloud as if they were whole numbers (e.g. 1.000, "a thousand" or 0.500, "five hundred"). In this case, the name "winning percentage " is actually a misnomer, since it is not expressed as a percentage . A winning percentage such as .536 ("five thirty-six") expressed as a percentage would be 53.6%. Winning percentage
108-564: The Pittsburgh Courier . This Negro league baseball -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Eastern Colored League The Mutual Association of Eastern Colored Clubs , more commonly known as the Eastern Colored League (ECL), was one of the several Negro leagues , which operated during the time organized baseball was segregated. The ECL was founded in 1923 when
126-648: The Baltimore Black Sox . In 1924 the Harrisburg Giants and Washington Potomacs joined, bringing the circuit to eight clubs. The ECL raided the NNL for players, including Hall of Famers Oscar Charleston , Biz Mackey , and John Henry Lloyd , starting a war that lasted for two years. In 1925 the Washington Potomacs moved to Wilmington, Delaware, but still disbanded in July. Their 1926 replacement,
144-483: The Homestead Grays , an important independent club. The ANL operated a split season: first half and second-half schedules with a planned playoff for a pennant in a post-season series between the two winners. The Baltimore Black Sox, led by player-manager Dick Lundy and Hall of Fame first baseman Jud Wilson , won both halves and they were awarded the pennant without a playoff. The league did not organize for
162-570: The Newark Stars , folded after only 11 games. At the end of the 1924 season the two leagues made peace and arranged for a Colored World Series between their champions. This series was played each year from 1924 through 1927. The only ECL club to win the World Series was Hilldale in 1925. Beginning in 1927 the league was wracked by dissension between club owners. New York's Lincoln Giants dropped out for that season. They returned
180-559: The 1930 season, and it would not be until 1933 that an eastern Negro league would last for a full season. Beside the downward economic spiral, bitter controversy in Baltimore and Philadelphia, about the local clubs continuing reliance on white umpires , may have been fatal to the league. The ANL made a conscientious effort, unusual for the Negro leagues, to compile statistics for the league's players. These were published at season's end in
198-628: The Philadelphia-area Hilldale Club and the Bacharach Giants of Atlantic City, both associate members of the midwest-based Negro National League (NNL), broke with the NNL and allied with the white promoter Nat Strong to form an east coast league. The charter members were: Hilldale , the Bacharach Giants , the Brooklyn Royal Giants , the Cuban Stars (East) , the Lincoln Giants of New York, and
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#1732768544566216-485: The formula is wins divided by total number of matches; draws are not considered as "half-wins", and the quotient is always in percentage form. In the National Football League , division winners and playoff qualifiers are technically determined by winning percentage and not by number of wins. Ties are currently counted as half a win and half a loss, however, prior to 1972 tied games were disregarded for
234-411: The nature of this statistic. In this type of method, used in many group tournament ranking systems , the competitors are awarded a certain number of points per win, fewer points per tie, and none for a loss. The teams are then ranked by the total number of these accumulated points. One such method is the " three points for a win ", where three points are awarded for winning a game, one point is awarded for
252-468: The next, but then Hilldale , the Brooklyn Royal Giants , and the Harrisburg Giants all dropped out. The Philadelphia Tigers were recruited to bring the league up to five teams for 1928. The ECL staggered through May, but finally disbanded in the midst of disputes over player contracts at the beginning of June. The team in first place at the end of the season was declared the Pennant winner. Due to
270-403: The purposes of this calculation — a 10–2–2 record (10÷12 ≈ 0.833) would then have outranked an 11–3 record (11÷14 ≈ 0.785). Tie games, a fairly common occurrence in football before the introduction of overtime , were thus somewhat more valuable to teams with a winning record, as compared with current rules. Some leagues and competitions may instead use a points percentage system, changing
288-464: The unorthodox nature of the schedule (and little incentive to enforce it), some teams frequently played many more games than others did in any given season. This led to some disputed championships and two teams claiming the title. Generally, the team with the best winning percentage (with some minimum number of games played) was awarded the Pennant, but other times it was the team with the most victories. The " games behind " method of recording standings
306-459: The winning percentage would be 60% or 0.600: If a team's season record is 30–15–5 (i.e. it has won thirty games, lost fifteen and tied five times), and if the five tie games are counted as 2 1 ⁄ 2 wins, then the team has an adjusted record of 32 1 ⁄ 2 wins, resulting in a 65% or .650 winning percentage for the fifty total games from: In North America, winning percentages are expressed as decimal values to three decimal places. It
324-604: Was uncommon in most black leagues. Four of the five pennant winners went on to play in the Negro World Series (all except for the first in 1923). For the duration of the league, a Colored World Series took place four times, from 1924 through 1927. The ECL Pennant winner met the champion of the rival Negro National League . Three out of the four years, the Eastern Colored League team (below in bold ) succumbed. Winning percentage In sports,
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