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30-778: Anti-Imperialist League may refer to: All-America Anti-Imperialist League (1925–1933), mass organization of the Communist Party USA American Anti-Imperialist League (1898–1921), political organization established in response to the Spanish–American War Anti-Imperialist League, a name used by the Communist Party (India) in Punjab during the early 1930s; see Naujawan Bharat Sabha A misnomer for

60-833: A base for activities against the United States." He pointedly noted the Mexican focus of operations of the All-American Anti-Imperialist League, publishing center of the international organization. In February 1927, Secretary of the American Section Charles Shipman other national leaders of the Anti-Imperialist League were made a delegate to an international convention in Brussels sponsored by

90-683: A member of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), criticised it, calling it "vague Sovietic chitchat" (" vague parlotte soviétique "). On 12 April 1927, as the Kuomintang armies of Chiang Kai-shek approached Shanghai , their allies carried out a massacre of communists and workers . In December that year, the rightists crushed the Canton Commune . The First United Front between Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalists and

120-550: A suite occupied by the Communist-sponsored literary magazine, The New Masses . Membership in the American Section of the league was through payment of annual dues of $ 1 — although donations of $ 10 from those with the means to pay were actively solicited. On January 13, 1927, Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg garnered front page headlines across America when he presented an extensive statement to

150-644: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages All-America Anti-Imperialist League The organization was terminated in 1933 and replaced by a new Communist Party-sponsored group, the American League Against War and Fascism . In the early 1920s, many Communist Parties affiliated with the Communist International (Comintern) maintained "Anti-Imperialist Departments" dedicated to building broad coalitions in opposition to

180-856: The African National Congress (ANC) of South Africa, Messali Hadj of the Algerian Étoile Nord-Africaine , and Mohammad Hatta of the Perhimpoenan Indonesia . Moreover, many activists from the European and American Left were present, such as Fenner Brockway , Arthur MacManus , Edo Fimmen , Reginald Bridgeman , and Gabrielle Duchêne , as well as intellectuals such as Henri Barbusse , Romain Rolland , and Albert Einstein . Three main points were made in Brussels:

210-494: The Belgian Congo , concluding that: Imperialist exploitation has as a result the gradual extinction of African races. Their culture is going to be lost. ... For us, the anti-imperialist struggle is identical as anti-capitalist struggle. Messali Hadj, leader of the Algerian Étoile Nord-Africaine, requested the independence of all of North Africa. A manifesto was addressed "to all colonial peoples, workers and peasants of

240-588: The League Against Imperialism Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Anti-Imperialist League . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anti-Imperialist_League&oldid=1139362853 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

270-902: The Palestine Communist Party (PCP). Bolshevik revolutionary Georgy Safarov angrily claimed that Zionism was a "British Imperialist Avant-Garde", which, according to Israeli historian Jacob Hen-Tov , reflected the Comintern's opposition towards Zionist activities in Palestine. After long deliberations by the Executive Council, the League ejected the Poale Zion delegation, with the PCP and Arab nationalists from Palestine, Egypt and Syria forming an anti-Zionist bloc for

300-608: The 2nd Congress of the League, gathered in Frankfurt end of July 1929. Eighty-four delegates of "oppressed countries" were present, and the Congress saw a bitter struggle between communists and "reformist-nationalist bourgeois ". Divided, the League was basically inoperative until 1935, when the 7th World Congress of the Comintern decided to allow itself to dissolve. Nehru and Hatta had already been excluded, and Einstein, honorary president, had resigned because of "disagreements with

330-564: The All-American Anti-Imperialist League, groups engaged in parallel activity in other parts of the world. In the United States Charles Shipman was named as Secretary of the American Section of the All-American Anti-Imperialist League and given the task of formally organizing units of the new group. Speakers were sent to trade union locals in an effort to stir up interest but the effort was largely futile, with these representatives generally denied admission. The cause

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360-720: The CCP was terminated, sparking the Chinese Civil War , just as the struggle against the Empire of Japan grew crucial, leading up to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. Moreover, the 6th World Congress of the Communist International , in 1928, changed policy directions, denouncing " social fascism " in what it called the "third period of the labour movement ". The new "social-fascist" line weighed on

390-511: The Comintern advocated support of colonial and semi-colonial countries and tried, with difficulties, to find convergences with the left-wing of the Labour and Socialist International and with bourgeois anti-colonial nationalist parties from the colonised world. Another stimulus to create a cross-political cooperation was the revolutionary surge in China since 1923, in which the nationalist Kuomintang

420-902: The Communist International, called the Congress Against Colonial Oppression and Imperialism. In 1933 the All-America Anti-Imperialist League was formally terminated and a new organization launched in its stead, the American League Against War and Fascism . The new organization focused instead on the developing political situation in Europe, attempting to build a Popular Front in opposition to fascist Germany and Italy . League Against Imperialism The League Against Imperialism and Colonial Oppression ( French : Ligue contre l'impérialisme et l'oppression coloniale ; German : Liga gegen Kolonialgreuel und Unterdrückung )

450-708: The Foreign Affairs Committee of the United States Senate . Kellogg depicted the All-American Anti-Imperialist League as the bulwark of Soviet revolutionism in the Western Hemisphere. Kellogg told the assembled Senators: "The Bolshevik leaders have very definite ideas with respect to the role which Mexico and Latin America are to play in their general program of world revolution. Thus, Latin America and Mexico are conceived as

480-902: The German communist and chair of the Workers International Relief , initiated the establishment of the League Against Imperialism. To this end, he invited many personalities from European and American Left and anti-colonial nationalists from the colonised world. Among those present in Brussels were emissaries of the Chinese Kuomintang party in Europe, Jawaharlal Nehru of the Indian National Congress , accompanied by Virendranath Chattopadhyaya , Josiah Tshangana Gumede of

510-608: The United States itself, the Anti-Imperialist Department of the well-funded Workers (Communist) Party of America was Charles Shipman (1895-1989), a draft-resisting American expatriate to Mexico who as "Jesús Ramírez" had been a delegate representing that country at the 2nd World Congress of the Comintern . In addition to Latin American concerns, Shipman's department had also propagandized against American commercial and military involvement in other parts of

540-840: The anti-imperialist struggle in China, interventions by the United States in Latin America and the " Negro revendications". The latter were presented at the tribune by the South African Gumede, the Antillean Max Clainville-Bloncourt of the Intercolonial Union , and Lamine Senghor , the president of the Defense Committee of the Negro Race, who denounced the crimes committed by the colonial administration in

570-582: The economic and military intervention of capitalist powers in the affairs of smaller colonial nations. In the Western hemisphere this took the form of organizing against the expansion of American commercial influence in the developing nations of Central and South America as well as the Caribbean basin, including especially Mexico , the Dominican Republic , Cuba , and Nicaragua . In

600-632: The globe, including particularly the Philippines and China . In April 1925 Shipman was dispatched to Mexico as the representative of the Workers Party to the 3rd Congress of the Communist Party of Mexico . It was at this time that a new international organization was launched, the All-America Anti-Imperialist League — an organization which would eventually include national sections throughout Latin America. The term "All-America" in

630-580: The organizational moniker was not intended to relate specifically to the United States, but rather to the fact that the organization included sections from throughout the Americas. Although itself an international group, the All-American Anti-Imperialist League was in turn attached to another Comintern-sponsored international organization, the League Against Imperialism . This federation included other similar regional organizations to

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660-670: The pro-Arab policy of the League in Palestine ". In any cases, the League remained composed mainly of intellectuals, and did not succeed in finding popular support. The French section never had more than 400 members (in 1932). In 1933, the League published the first issue (out of 13) of the Oppressed People's Newspaper , calls in favour of Tunisia in 1934 and of Ethiopia during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War (1935–1937), which had few effects. The League

690-404: The public spotlight by a number of well-known public figures who maintained Workers Party membership, including writer Scott Nearing and trade union official William Z. Foster . In later years the All-America Anti-Imperialist League was known simply as the "Anti-Imperialist League." The organization maintained its headquarters in a single room located at 32 Union Square, New York City, part of

720-614: The vote. The Cuban novelist Alejo Carpentier makes a small reference to this Congress in his novel Reasons of State (1974), in Chapter 7, Part 20. By a dialogue, in a train car, between the Cuban communist Julio Antonio Mella , who attended the Congress, and The Student, a communist character in the novel. The League Against Imperialism was first ignored then boycotted by the Socialist International . Jean Longuet ,

750-761: The world" calling them to organise themselves to struggle "against imperialist ideology". After the conference, Mohammad Hatta, who was also elected in the Executive Committee of the League, said: "Our foreign propaganda in Brussels is the most important example of what we have done in this field so far." In September 1927, he was arrested by the Dutch authorities for sedition. The conference saw conflict between representatives from organisations in Mandatory Palestine , Arab nationalist Jamal al-Husayni , Labour Zionist organisation Poale Zion , and

780-600: Was a transnational anti-imperialist organisation in the interwar period . It has also been referred to as the League of Oppressed People , and the World Anti-Imperialist League , or simply and confusingly under the misnomer Anti-Imperialist League . It was established in the Egmont Palace in Brussels , Belgium, on 10 February 1927, in presence of 175 delegates from around the world. It

810-618: Was basically abandoned by the communists. In 1935, the League pooled its resources with the World Committee of Women Against War and Fascism (CMF; Comité mondial des femmes contre la guerre et le fascisme ), (whose non-communist sponsors in Britain included Sylvia Pankhurst and Charlotte Despard ), and the West-African Union of Negro Workers (UTN; Union des travailleurs nègres ), to protest repression throughout

840-541: Was in a united front with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). According to Indian Marxist historian Vijay Prashad , the inclusion of the word "league" in the organisation's name was a direct attack on the League of Nations , which perpetuated colonialism through the mandate system . At the 1955 Bandung Conference , Sukarno credited the League as the start of an eventually successful worldwide movement against colonialism. Willi Münzenberg ,

870-746: Was more successfully promoted in the labor press, however, with the Communist-controlled Federated Press news service providing substantial coverage of the organizing effort. The organizing effort benefited from a sizable donation by wealthy Chicago liberal William H. Holly, and a number of prominent public figures allowed their names to be used on the group's letterhead to bolster fundraising, including NAACP executive William Pickens , civil liberties activist Roger Baldwin , literary critic Lewis Gannett , and public intellectuals Robert Morss Lovett and Arthur Garfield Hays . These friendly non-communist figures were joined in

900-438: Was significant because it brought together representatives and organisations from the communist world, and anti-colonial organisations and activists from the colonised world. Out of the 175 delegates, 107 were from 37 countries under colonial rule. The Congress aimed at creating a "mass anti-imperialist movement" at a world scale. The organisation was founded with the support of the Communist International (Comintern). Since 1924,

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