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53-598: In 1834 Maria Chapman of Boston, Massachusetts , her sisters Caroline, Anne, Deborah, and eight other women formed the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society as part of their abolitionist activities. The Anti-Slavery Fair, first held in Boston in 1834, was a way to raise money for the society's work. Maria and her sister Anne were chief organizers of the fairs, which were popular Boston social events. The fairs organizers raised thousands of dollars

106-548: A household in the city was $ 68,665, and the median income for a family was $ 52,083. Males had a median income of $ 42,497 versus $ 35,963 for females. The per capita income for was $ 24,976. About 9.1% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line , including 8.3% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over. Weymouth has the 10th highest Irish population in the United States, at 33%. As "white flight" occurred in inner-city Boston exacerbated by

159-715: A major fundraising event. She directed the fair until 1858, when she unilaterally decided to replace the bazaar with the Anti-Slavery Subscription Anniversary. Chapman said that the fair had become passé ; she argued that the Anniversary—an exclusive, invitation-only soirée featuring music, food and speeches—was more au courant and would raise more funds than the bazaar. As described by historian Benjamin Quarles, through these years Chapman and other abolitionists became experienced in using "all

212-823: A settler was accused of stealing supplies from the Massachusetts, and the Massachusett leaders demanded the thief's execution; the Weymouth men complied, but legend has it that they may have executed a dying, sick settler instead. By April 1623, word came of conflict between American Indians and the Virginia colonists, and tension increased between the Wessagusset colonists and the Indians. Massachusetts and other tribes began plotting to attack and destroy what

265-439: A year by selling things such as "ladies' aprons, cloaks, cuffs, bags, purses," "knitted quilts," "inkstands," "Ohio cheese," and "dolls in hundreds of every size, price, material, and costume." In 1839 these items were joined by The Liberty Bell , modeled after the fashionable and popular gift books of the time. The book was sold to fair attendees and given without cost to the fair workers, as an acknowledgement of contribution to

318-519: Is bordered on the north by Hingham Bay and Boston Harbor. Weymouth's territory includes Grape Island , Slate Island , and Sheep Island , all part of the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area . Weymouth is bordered on the west by Quincy , Braintree , and Holbrook . It is bordered on the south by Abington and Rockland . Weymouth is bordered on the east by Hingham . The climate in this area

371-686: Is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Weymouth has a humid subtropical climate , abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. Weymouth is home to many species of wildlife that have adapted to the town's suburban environment and parks. Small mammals such as Red and Gray foxes , Striped Skunks , Raccoons , Virginia Opossums , Eastern Cottontail Rabbits , Groundhogs , and Eastern Gray Squirrels can be commonly found in Weymouth. Some Larger mammals, such as Coyotes and White-tailed Deer live in

424-470: Is currently in use. They are named after local women: abolitionist Maria Weston Chapman and First Lady Abigail Adams . The Maria Weston Chapman Middle School, locally known as "The New Chapman, " replaced a previous building that had housed an identically named middle school and the town High School. It opened to students in September 2022. The previous middle school, Abigail Adams Middle School,

477-447: Is currently undergoing renovations with school and town officials undecided about its future uses. There are eight primary schools and one early childhood center, five of which are named after Weymouth's Congressional Medal of Honor recipients. In June 2021, Weymouth High School was placed into a state program for schools or districts that disproportionately suspend nonwhite students or students with disabilities . Along with this,

530-629: Is featured on the Boston Women's Heritage Trail . Throughout her three decades of involvement in the anti-slavery movement, Chapman spent considerable amounts of time outside of the United States, first in Haiti (1841-1842) and later in Paris (1848-1855). In spite of her prolonged absences, she still figured centrally in the Boston movement generally and the Boston bazaar particularly. While abroad, she tenaciously solicited support and contributions for

583-462: Is one of the South Shore 's more affordable towns and offers a short commute into Boston, MBTA bus and rail service , and a town beach. At the 2020 census, Weymouth had a total population of 57,437. It also had a crime rate of 12.42 per 1,000 residents. As of the 2010 census , there were 53,743 people, 22,435 households, and 13,595 families residing in the city. The population density

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636-473: Is thought to have been named after English explorer George Weymouth . The settlement was a failure, as the 60 men from London were ill-prepared for the hardships required for survival. They also may have lacked the motivation of the Pilgrims, as this colony was purely economic in motivation and the men had not brought their families. By winter, poor planning and bad management led to supplies running out, and

689-602: The Greenbush Line , at Weymouth Landing and East Weymouth , and one on the Kingston Line at South Weymouth . Numbered routes that pass through Weymouth include Massachusetts Routes 3 , 3A , 18 , 53 , 58 and 139 . Weymouth was founded in 1635, from the territory known as Wessagusett which was described in 1622—just two years after the Pilgrims landed in Plymouth. Weymouth held the distinction of having

742-642: The House Sparrow and European Starling . The Herring Run runs through Weymouth, connecting the Back River to Whitman's Pond. Every spring, hundreds of thousands of Alewife Herring travel up the brook to spawn. The Herring Run was also a crucial resource for the early colonists of the area and the Native Massachusett People. Weymouth is served by several MBTA bus routes as well as three MBTA Commuter Rail stations: two on

795-584: The Puritans of Boston and the Pilgrims of Plymouth, but Weymouth was a stable and prominent town with its current boundaries by 1635. It was included as part of Suffolk County when it was formed on May 10, 1643. The oldest surviving house in Weymouth is the Bickman House ( c.  1650 ) located at 84 Sea Street. Weymouth was heavily involved in the shoemaking industry from the first years of

848-764: The United States Census Bureau , the city has an area of 21.6 square miles (56 km ), of which 17 square miles (44 km ) is land and 4.6 square miles (12 km ) (comprising 21.29%) is water. Weymouth contains the Weymouth Back River and the Weymouth Fore River ; its surroundings, formerly industrial, are now set aside as parks and natural areas, including Webb Memorial State Park . There are many streets named after people and trees. Weymouth residents often designate which of four "districts" they live in: Weymouth

901-659: The 1830s. She wrote the annual reports of the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society (BFASS) and published tracts to raise public awareness. For nearly 20 years, between 1839 and 1858, Chapman edited The Liberty Bell , an annual anti-slavery gift book sold at the Boston Bazaar as part of fundraising. The giftbook was composed of contributions from various notable figures: Longfellow , Emerson , Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Harriet Martineau , and Bayard Taylor , among others, none of whom

954-486: The 18th century right through to 1973, when the Stetson Shoe Company closed its doors. The building is currently being used for medical offices. The original town hall was destroyed by fire in 1914 and was replaced in 1928 with a town hall that is a replica of the old Massachusetts State House in Boston. In May 2018, Massachusetts Governor Charlie Baker designated a tract of land near Lakeview Manor and

1007-509: The Boston fairs from elite members of British and European society, such as Lady Byron , Harriet Martineau , Alexis de Tocqueville , Victor Hugo , and Alphonse de Lamartine . When she returned to the U.S. in 1855, " Bloody Kansas " and the rise of the Republican Party brought the issue of slavery to the centre of national debate. It was in this period that Chapman began to manifestly deviate from Garrisonian ideolog, by endorsing

1060-584: The Chapmans had a good marriage that was free from ideological and financial strain. During their 12-year marriage, which ended in Henry's death from tuberculosis in 1842, they had four children, one of whom died in early childhood, including: In 1863, except for a passing interest in the AASS, Chapman retired from public life, and for the next two decades, until her death in Weymouth on July 12, 1885, she "savored

1113-607: The High School. This changed with the construction of a new wing on the Junior High building in South Weymouth, which subsequently became the new Weymouth High School housing grades nine through twelve. More than 2,000 students attend the high school. A brand new athletic surface was completed in 2005, giving Weymouth High School an artificial turf field and a track surface. There are two middle schools but only one

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1166-616: The Indians. Forty-five colonists joined Plymouth or went north to Maine, and from there most returned to England. Three men who had left the colony to live among the Indians as laborers could not be warned in time and were subsequently killed by them after Standish had released the women and children. Robert Gorges attempted to form a colony at the site later that year as the center of a more royalist and Anglican system of government for New England . He brought William Morrell as religious leader and expected Governor Bradford to acknowledge his supremacy and act as his agent. Within weeks,

1219-641: The New England winter caused Gorges to leave with most of the settlers. Those who remained formed the nucleus of the permanent settlement. and the oldest in what would become Massachusetts Bay Colony . In 1630, it was officially incorporated into the Massachusetts Bay Colony ; the name was changed to Weymouth in 1635 with the addition of 100 families under the leadership of Joseph Hull . These groups experienced some difficulty integrating together, especially due to conflicting pressures from

1272-500: The New Maria Weston Chapman Middle School made local news on two separate occasions due to the violent behavior of students. There is one Public Charter School which Weymouth is associated to In addition, there are four private schools in Weymouth. Weymouth was settled in 1622 as Wessagusset Colony founded by Thomas Weston , who had been the main financial backer of Plymouth Colony . It

1325-452: The Plymouth colonists had little to share. The situation grew desperate and Weymouth men began to sell their clothes, hire themselves out as laborers, and even steal from the local Massachusett Indians. The Indians were soon taunting the Weymouth men and robbing them of what little food they gathered clamming and foraging in the woods. By now, many in the colony were starving or ill, and law and order had broken down. The lowest point came when

1378-584: The Republican party and later by supporting both the American Civil War and Abraham Lincoln 's proposal in 1862 for gradual compensated slave emancipation . Unlike many Garrisonians such as Garrison himself, Chapman gave no indication of being conflicted between the principle of non-coercion and the Civil War's objective of abolishing slavery through violent force. Characteristically, Chapman

1431-785: The Westons were not wealthy, they were well connected through her uncle's patronage. She spent several years of her youth living with family in England, where she received a robust education. Weston returned to Boston in 1828 to serve as principal of a newly-founded, socially-progressive girls' high school. She left the field of education two years later to marry. Maria and her husband Henry were both " Garrisonian " abolitionists, meaning that they believed in an "immediate" and uncompromising end to slavery , brought about by "moral suasion" or non-resistance. They rejected all political and institutional coercion—including churches, political parties and

1484-418: The abolitionist cause and token of the occasion. Publication continued every year until 1846, and intermittently until 1859's edition, produced in 1858. (1840, 1850, 1855, and 1857 were missed) As with many gift books, publication actually occurred late in the year prior to the date of the book, except for the very first (1839) edition. The next edition was thus dated 1841. As editor, Maria Chapman wrote much of

1537-399: The anti-slavery cause through her husband's family, she quickly and stalwartly took up the cause, enduring pro-slavery mobs, social ridicule, and public attacks on her character. Her sisters, notably Caroline and Anne, were also active abolitionists, though Maria is generally considered to be the most outspoken and active among her family. According to Lee V. Chambers, through their "kin-work",

1590-426: The anti-slavery movement". But even Taylor disparages "sentimental tales of terror which filled every issue"(96), and the "silly sensationalism " of many of the pieces, concluding that "their methods were crude and simplistic, even if their intentions were good" Taylor rates the two contributions by Elizabeth Barrett Browning as the best. Maria Chapman Maria Weston Chapman (July 25, 1806 – July 12, 1885)

1643-532: The content (prose, essays, poetry) herself and pressed her sisters for material. She also solicited contributions from authors such as Lydia Maria Child , Eliza Cabot Follen , Wendell Phillips , Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , James Russell Lowell , Lucretia Mott William Lloyd Garrison and Harriet Martineau , among them many of the leading abolitionist, or abolitionist sympathizing writers of New England. Chapman, in 1848, commented: The purpose of this little annual volume, commenced in 1839, and now published for

The Liberty Bell (annual) - Misplaced Pages Continue

1696-533: The effectiveness of the material as propaganda also vary, Thompson saying "like all unadulterated reform literature, the Liberty Bell circulated among those people who already knew and accepted the tenets it upheld... it could hardly have made many converts", while Taylor feels that "From the outset the Liberty Bell was the most significant anti-slavery annual in America" and that it "made a real contribution to

1749-440: The federal government—as agencies for ending slavery. They did, however, support moral coercion that encompassed " come-outerism " and disunion, both of which opposed association with slaveholders. Gerald Sorin writes, "In [Maria's] nonresistance principles and in her 'come-outerism,' she was rigidly dogmatic and self-righteous, believing that 'when one is perfectly right, one neither asks nor needs sympathy.'" Though Chapman came to

1802-606: The high influx of South Boston residents and Irish Catholic culture in the town. This trend continues in a different way again today as some longtime South Boston residents are now being priced out due to gentrification. Many are moving out to the more affordable towns on the South Shore. Data is from the 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. Weymouth is located at 42°12′23″N 70°56′45″W  /  42.20639°N 70.94583°W  / 42.20639; -70.94583 (42.206458, −70.945919). According to

1855-698: The more forested areas such as Great Esker Park , and occasionally wander into the suburbs. Weymouth is also home to many species of birds. Some common backyard species are Wild Turkeys , American Robins , Blue Jays , Mourning Doves , Black-capped Chickadees , Tufted Titmice , Common Grackles , and Northern Cardinals to name a few. There are many other species of birds that inhabit the diverse habitats that are located in Weymouth, such as Red-tailed Hawks , Ospreys , Red-winged Blackbirds , Great Egrets , Turkey Vultures , Great Blue Herons , along with various species of waterfowl , seagulls , and shorebirds . There are also two invasive bird species, those being

1908-592: The more political wing of the anti-slavery movement split the AASS and correspondingly the BFASS into two opposing factions. Maria, nicknamed "Captain Chapman" and the "great goddess" by her opponents and " Lady Macbeth " even by her friends, outmaneuvered the opposition. She took control of a resurrected BFASS, which from then on mainly focused on organizing the Boston bazaar as a major fundraiser for abolitionism. The church she attended, Federal Street Church , Unitarian ,

1961-533: The ninth time, is, the promotion of the cause through the promulgation of its principles in an attractive form....Hence it is that no mere indifferent literati, however intellectually gifted, nor any known enemies of the cause or of its advocates, have ever been permitted to occupy these pages? Her efforts at soliciting wider afield were successful as well, the Liberty Bell twice published works by Elizabeth Barrett Browning . The Runaway Slave at Pilgrim's Point

2014-430: The oldest continuous town meeting form of government, for 365 years. In 1999, Weymouth residents voted to change to a city form of government. David M. Madden was elected as the city's first mayor and took office in 2000. On July 10, 2007, Mayor David M. Madden announced he would not seek reelection. In 2008, Susan Kay was elected as the new mayor of Weymouth. On November 3, 2015, Republican state senator Bob Hedlund

2067-588: The perceived success of her cause and, equally, her own role in the victory." Weymouth, Massachusetts Weymouth is a city in Norfolk County, Massachusetts , United States. It is one of 13 municipalities in the state to have city forms of government while retaining "town of" in their official names. It is named after Weymouth, Dorset , a coastal town in England , and is the second-oldest settlement in Massachusetts, second only to Plymouth . It

2120-416: The population. There were 22,028 households, out of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.8% were non-families, 37% of which were non-family households with residents over 65 years of age. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who

2173-665: The refined techniques of solicitation" in their fundraising for the cause of abolitionism. In addition to her fair work, between 1835 and 1865, Chapman served on the executive and business committees of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society (MASS), the New England Anti-Slavery Society (NEASS) and the American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS). Through these she was active in the petition campaigns of

The Liberty Bell (annual) - Misplaced Pages Continue

2226-512: The sisters supported each other through family responsibilities in order to take their active public roles. The Chapmans became central figures in the "Boston Clique," which primarily consisted of wealthy and socially prominent supporters of William Lloyd Garrison . In 1835, Chapman assumed the leadership of the Boston Anti-Slavery Bazaar , which had been founded the previous year by Lydia Maria Child and Louisa Loring as

2279-422: The start of the cross-district busing program, in the 1960s and 70s thousands of white (predominantly of Irish descent) Bostonians moved to middle/working class suburbs such as Weymouth and Quincy. The blue collar city culture of places like South Boston and Dorchester is prevalent in the neighborhoods of Weymouth. Weymouth has colloquially been referred to as "Suburban Southie" and "Southie on the South Shore" due to

2332-449: The success and quality of the annual. Some derided the quality of the works, one scholar (Ralph Thompson) saying "throughout the fifteen volumes of the series there is hardly to be found one creation of aesthetic value" while others felt the work was adequate, another scholar (Clare Taylor) saying "a good magazine .... Its standards were high, and items were convincing, for the anti-slavery movement relied on propaganda to win support" Views of

2385-511: The threat. Using the promise of a meal of pork, Standish lured five of the more bellicose Massachusett Indians inside the stockade, including Wituwamat, a large man who had belittled Standish because he was short and had bragged about murdering a number of French shipwreck survivors. Once inside, there was a brief struggle and the Indian leaders were killed. Ten of the original 60 colonists starved to death and two others were killed in conflicts with

2438-487: Was 3,174.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,225.6/km ). There were 22,573 housing units at an average density of 1,327.1 per square mile (512.4/km ). 64% housing units were owner-occupied and 35% of housing units were renter-occupied. The racial makeup of the city was 82.7% White , 5.2% Black or African American , 0.2% Native American , 5.7% Asian , 0.0% Pacific Islander , 0.6% from other races , and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.1% of

2491-449: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.08. In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.0% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.3 males. The median income for

2544-634: Was an American abolitionist . She was elected to the executive committee of the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1839 and from 1839 until 1842, she served as editor of the anti-slavery journal The Non-Resistant . Maria Weston was born in 1806 in Weymouth, Massachusetts to Captain Warren Richard Weston and Anne ( née Bates) Weston. Eventually she had seven younger siblings—five sisters and two brothers. Though

2597-400: Was as resolute and unapologetic in her new beliefs as she had been in her old. Yet, in spite of her newly-expressed confidence in the state, Chapman seemingly felt little responsibility to former slaves once they had been freed. In 1830, Henry Grafton Chapman (1804–1842), a second-generation abolitionist and wealthy Boston merchant; his parents were enthusiastic abolitionists. By all accounts,

2650-679: Was elected as the new mayor of Weymouth, succeeding long-incumbent mayor Susan M. Kay. Hedlund assumed office on January 4, 2016. Weymouth is part of the Massachusetts Senate's Plymouth and Norfolk district . Weymouth is one of the few places in the United States where self-service gas stations are illegal. The ban was introduced in 1977. Weymouth High School is the only public high school in Weymouth. Prior to 2005, grades eight and nine were housed in Weymouth Junior High while grades ten, eleven, and twelve comprised

2703-514: Was left of the floundering colony and the more successful Plymouth Colony . Wampanoag Chief Massasoit heard about the plot but soon fell ill and nearly died. A party from the Plymouth Colony came to his village and nursed him back to health, and he warned them of the plot. Governor William Bradford decided to preempt the planned attack, and sent Myles Standish to Weymouth with the Plymouth militia and their Indian guide Hobbamock to end

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2756-879: Was paid for their contributions aside from a copy of The Liberty Bell . She also served as editor to The Liberator in Garrison's absence, and was on the editorial committee of the National Anti-Slavery Standard , the official mouthpiece of the AASS. Chapman was also a member of the peace organisation, the Non-Resistance Society , which published The Non-Resistant . Chapman was a prolific writer in her own right, publishing Right and Wrong in Massachusetts in 1839 and How Can I Help to Abolish Slavery? in 1855. Aside from these works, she published her poems and essays in abolitionist periodicals. In 1840 divisions between Garrisonians and

2809-511: Was published in December 1847 for the 1848 edition, and A Curse for a Nation in December 1855 for the 1856 edition. Both of these works were later published in England as slightly different versions. Unlike the more customary practice of writing for pay with more commercial gift books, authors typically did not receive any compensation for their submissions to the publication aside from a copy of The Liberty Bell itself. Accounts differ as to

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